## Chullin Daf 48b

###### Chullin 48b:1
[Chullin 48b:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/48b:1)

דְּגִלְדָּאֵי, וְאָמְרִי לַהּ בְּשׁוּקָא דְּרַבָּנַן, חָזֵי הָנָךְ דְּקָיְימָן כַּנְדֵי כַּנְדֵי, וְלָא אָמַר לְהוּ וְלָא מִידֵּי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**of the skinners, and some say in the market of the Sages, he would see** these lungs **that were full of jugs,** i.e., they were covered in large cysts full of liquid, **and he** would **not say anything to** the butchers. Evidently, he held that the animals were kosher.


###### Chullin 48b:2
[Chullin 48b:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/48b:2)

רַבִּי אַמֵּי וְרַבִּי אַסִּי הֲווֹ חָלְפִי בְּשׁוּקָא דִּטְבֶרְיָא, (חָזֵי) [חֲזֹנְהוּ] הָנָךְ דְּקָיְימִי טִינָּרֵי טִינָּרֵי, וְלָא אָמְרִי לְהוּ וְלָא מִידֵּי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara relates that **Rabbi Ami and Rabbi Asi were passing through the market of Tiberias. They saw these** lungs **that were full of rocks,** i.e., large, hard growths, **and they did not say anything to** the butchers. Evidently, they held that the animals were kosher.


###### Chullin 48b:3
[Chullin 48b:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/48b:3)

אִתְּמַר: מַחַט שֶׁנִּמְצֵאת בָּרֵיאָה – רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן וְרַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר וְרַבִּי חֲנִינָא מַכְשְׁרִי, רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן לָקִישׁ וְרַבִּי מָנִי בַּר פַּטִּישׁ וְרַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן אֶלְיָקִים טָרְפִי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ It **was stated** that the *amora’im* disagree with regard to **a needle that was found in the lung** of a slaughtered animal: **Rabbi Yoḥanan and Rabbi Elazar and Rabbi Ḥanina deem** the animal **kosher,** while **Rabbi Shimon ben Lakish and Rabbi Mani bar Pattish and Rabbi Shimon ben Elyakim deem** it **a *tereifa*.**


###### Chullin 48b:4
[Chullin 48b:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/48b:4)

לֵימָא בְּהָא קָמִיפַּלְגִי, דְּמָר סָבַר: חִסָּרוֹן מִבִּפְנִים – שְׁמֵיהּ חִסָּרוֹן, וּמָר סָבַר: לָא שְׁמֵיהּ חִסָּרוֹן? לָא, דְּכוּלֵּי עָלְמָא חִסָּרוֹן מִבִּפְנִים – לָא שְׁמֵיהּ חִסָּרוֹן, וְהָכָא בְּהָא קָמִיפַּלְגִי: מָר סָבַר: סִמְפּוֹנָא נְקַט וַאֲתַאי, וּמָר סָבַר: נַקּוֹבֵי נַקֵּיב וַאֲתַאי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara suggests: **Let us say** that **they disagree about this: That** one **Sage,** i.e., those who deem it a *tereifa*, **holds** that **a deficiency on the inside** of the lung, created by the needle, **is considered a deficiency,** rendering the animal a *tereifa*; **and** one **Sage,** i.e., those who deem it kosher, **holds** that **it is not considered a deficiency.** The Gemara responds: **No, everyone** holds that **a deficiency on the inside is not considered a deficiency. And here,** in the case of a needle, the Sages **disagree with regard to this:** One **Sage,** i.e., those who deem it kosher, **holds** that the needle **took the respiratory route and came** into the lung without perforating the membrane; **and** one **Sage,** i.e., those who deem it a *tereifa*, **holds** that **it perforated** its way out of the digestive system **and came** through to the lung by perforating its membrane.


###### Chullin 48b:5
[Chullin 48b:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/48b:5)

הָהִיא מַחְטָא דְּאִשְׁתְּכַח בְּחִיתּוּכָא דְּרֵיאָה, אַיְיתוּהָ לְקַמֵּיהּ דְּרַבִּי אַמֵּי, סְבַר לְאַכְשׁוֹרַהּ. אֵיתִיבֵיהּ רַבִּי יִרְמְיָה, וְאִיתֵּימָא רַבִּי זְרִיקָא: ״הָרֵיאָה שֶׁנִּיקְּבָה אוֹ שֶׁחָסְרָה״. מַאי חָסְרָה? אִילֵימָא מִבַּחוּץ – הַיְינוּ נִיקְּבָה! אֶלָּא לָאו מִבִּפְנִים, וּשְׁמַע מִינַּהּ: חִסָּרוֹן מִבִּפְנִים – שְׁמֵיהּ חִסָּרוֹן.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara relates that **a certain needle was found in a piece of lung** after it had been cut into pieces. People there **brought it before Rabbi Ami,** and **he thought to deem it kosher. Rabbi Yirmeya, and some say Rabbi Zerika, raised an objection to** this possible ruling from the mishna: **The lung that was perforated or that was missing** a piece renders the animal a *tereifa*. Now, **what** is the case of a lung that was **missing** a piece? **If we say** that it was missing a piece **on the outside, this is** the same as if it **was perforated,** since any missing piece of the lung wall constitutes a perforation. **Rather,** is it **not** referring to a missing piece **on the inside?** If so, **learn from** the mishna that **a deficiency on the inside** of an organ **is considered a deficiency,** and the needle certainly caused a deficiency inside the lung.


###### Chullin 48b:6
[Chullin 48b:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/48b:6)

הֲדַר שַׁדְּרוּהָ לְקַמֵּיהּ דְּרַבִּי יִצְחָק נַפָּחָא, סְבַר לְאַכְשׁוֹרַהּ, אֵיתִיבֵיהּ רַבִּי יִרְמְיָה, וְאִיתֵּימָא רַבִּי זְרִיקָא: ״הָרֵיאָה שֶׁנִּיקְּבָה אוֹ שֶׁחָסְרָה״. מַאי חָסְרָה? אִילֵימָא מִבַּחוּץ – הַיְינוּ נִיקְּבָה! אֶלָּא לָאו מִבִּפְנִים? וּשְׁמַע מִינַּהּ: חִסָּרוֹן מִבִּפְנִים – שְׁמֵיהּ חִסָּרוֹן!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Rabbi Ami did not decide the matter, so **they then sent** the lung **before Rabbi Yitzḥak Nappaḥa. He,** too, **thought to deem it kosher. Rabbi Yirmeya, and some say Rabbi Zerika, raised an objection to this** from the mishna: **The lung that was perforated or that was missing** a piece renders the animal a *tereifa*. Now, **what** is the case of a lung that was **missing** a piece? **If we say** that it was missing a piece **on the outside, this is** the same as if it **was perforated. Rather,** is it **not** referring to a missing piece **on the inside?** If so, **learn from** the mishna that **a deficiency on the inside** of an organ **is considered a deficiency.**


###### Chullin 48b:7
[Chullin 48b:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/48b:7)

הֲדַר שַׁדְּרוּהָ לְקַמֵּיהּ דְּרַבִּי אַמֵּי וְטַרְפַהּ. אָמְרִי לֵיהּ: וְהָא רַבָּנַן מַכְשְׁרִי? אָמַר לָהֶן: הֵן הִכְשִׁירוּ, שֶׁיּוֹדְעִים מֵאֵיזֶה טַעַם הִכְשִׁירוּ, אָנוּ מֵאֵיזֶה טַעַם נַכְשִׁיר? דִּלְמָא אִי הֲוָה רֵיאָה קַמַּן מִינַּקְבָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**They then sent** the lung **back before Rabbi Ami, and he deemed** the animal **a *tereifa*. They said to him: But don’t the Rabbis,** i.e., Rabbi Yoḥanan, Rabbi Elazar, and Rabbi Ḥanina, **deem it kosher?** Rabbi Ami **said to them: They deemed it kosher since they knew for which reason they deemed it kosher.** They were confronted with a whole lung and could see that it had no perforation. But **we, for which reason shall we deem it kosher?** We see only part of the lung. **Perhaps if the** whole **lung was before us** we would see that its membrane **was perforated.**


###### Chullin 48b:8
[Chullin 48b:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/48b:8)

טַעְמָא דְּלֵיתַהּ, הָא אִיתַהּ וְלָא מִינַּקְבָה – כְּשֵׁרָה, וְהָאָמַר רַב נַחְמָן: הַאי סִמְפּוֹנָא דְּרֵיאָה דְּאִינְּקִיב – טְרֵפָה, הָהוּא לַחֲבֵירוֹ אִתְּמַר.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara asks: One can infer that the **reason** he deemed it a *tereifa* is **that** the entire lung **was not** before him, **but** if it **had been** before him **and** the membrane **had not been perforated,** then he would have deemed the animal **kosher. But doesn’t Rav Naḥman say: This bronchus of the lung that was perforated** renders the animal **a *tereifa*?** Accordingly, even if the needle entered the lung through a bronchus the animal ought to be a *tereifa*. The Gemara responds: **That** statement of Rav Naḥman **was stated** in reference **to** a case where a needle pierced from one bronchus into **another.** Since the bronchi are hard, one bronchus cannot seal a perforation in another. By contrast, when a needle perforates the bronchi and continues into the flesh of the lung, soft tissue left behind can seal the perforation.


###### Chullin 48b:9
[Chullin 48b:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/48b:9)

וְהָאָמַר רַב נַחְמָן: הַאי הֲדוֹרָא דְּכַנְתָּא דְּאִינְּקִיב לַהֲדֵי חַבְרֵיהּ – מַגֵּין עֲלֵיהּ, אָמַר רַב אָשֵׁי: טְרֵפוֹת קָא מְדַמֵּי לַהֲדָדֵי? אֵין אוֹמְרִין בִּטְרֵפוֹת זוֹ דּוֹמָה לָזוֹ, שֶׁהֲרֵי חוֹתְכָהּ מִכָּאן וּמֵתָה, חוֹתְכָהּ מִכָּאן וְחַיָּה!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara asks: **But doesn’t Rav Naḥman say:** If **this spiral colon was perforated against another** coil of the intestine, the other coil **protects it** by sealing the perforation? If so, why does a bronchus not seal a perforation in another bronchus? **Rav Ashi said: Are** you **comparing *tereifot* to one another? One cannot say with regard to *tereifot*: This is similar to that, as one cuts** an animal **from here,** in one place, **and it dies,** while **one cuts it from there,** in another place, **and it lives.**


###### Chullin 48b:10
[Chullin 48b:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/48b:10)

הָהִיא מַחְטָא דְּאִישְׁתְּכַח בְּסִמְפּוֹנָא רַבָּה דְּרֵיאָה, אַתְיוּהָ לְקַמֵּיה דְּרַבָּנַן טָרוֹפָאֵי, לָא אֲמַרוּ בָּהּ לָא אִיסּוּר וְלָא הֶיתֵּר. הֶיתֵּר לָא אָמְרִי בַּהּ – כִּשְׁמַעְתַּיְיהוּ, אִיסּוּר נָמֵי לָא אָמְרִי בַּהּ – כֵּיוָן דִּבְסִמְפּוֹנָא רַבָּה אִישְׁתְּכַח, אֵימָא סִמְפּוֹנָא נְקַט וַאֲתַאי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara recounts the case of **a certain needle that was found in the large,** i.e., main, **bronchus of the lung. They brought it before the Rabbis who deem** an animal ***tereifa*** if a needle is found in the lungs, i.e., Rabbi Shimon ben Lakish, Rabbi Mani bar Pattish, and Rabbi Shimon ben Elyakim. **They did not say** that **it** was **prohibited, nor** that it was **permitted. They did not say it** was **permitted, in accordance with their ruling,** but **they also did not say it** was **prohibited since** the needle **was found in the large bronchus,** and one can therefore **say** that it likely **took the respiratory route and came** into the lung rather than perforating through from the digestive system.


###### Chullin 48b:11
[Chullin 48b:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/48b:11)

הָהִיא מַחְטָא דְּאִישְׁתְּכַח בַּחֲתִיכָה דְּכַבְדָּא, סְבַר מָר בְּרֵיהּ דְּרַב יוֹסֵף לְמִיטְרְפַהּ, אֲמַר לֵיהּ רַב אָשֵׁי: אִילּוּ אִשְׁתְּכַח בְּבִשְׂרָא כְּהַאי גַוְונָא הֲוָה טָרֵיף מָר? אֶלָּא אָמַר רַב אָשֵׁי: חָזֵינָא, אִי קוֹפָא לְבַר – נַקּוֹבֵי נַקֵּיב וַאֲתַאי, אִי קוֹפָא לְגָיו – סִמְפּוֹנָא נְקַט וַאֲתַאי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ The Gemara relates that there was **a certain needle that was found in a piece of liver. Mar, son of Rav Yosef, thought to deem** the animal **a *tereifa*. Rav Ashi said to him: If** a needle **had been found in the flesh, like this case** where it was found in the liver, **would** the **Master have deemed it a *tereifa*?** A perforated liver, like perforated flesh, does not in itself render the animal a *tereifa*, as is evident from the mishna (42a). **Rather, Rav Ashi said** that **we see: If the eye** of the needle faces **outward,** toward the stomach cavity, one must presume that **it perforated** its way out of the gullet, rendering the animal a *tereifa*, **and** thereby **came** to the liver. **If the eye** of the needle faces **inward,** buried in the liver, and the sharp end of the needle is facing outward, one may presume that **it took hold of** a blood **vessel and came** to the liver through it, rather than through the gullet, and the animal is kosher.


###### Chullin 48b:12
[Chullin 48b:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/48b:12)

וְהָנֵי מִילֵּי בְּאַלִּימְתָּא, אֲבָל קַטִּינְתָּא, לָא שְׁנָא קוֹפָא לְגָיו, לָא שְׁנָא קוֹפָא לְבַר, נַקּוֹבֵי נַקֵּיב וַאֲתַאי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara adds: **And this statement** applies only **to a thick** needle, the eye of which is not sharp enough to cause a perforation by itself. **But** if the needle is **thin,** it **is no different if the eye** faces **inward** and it **is no different if the eye** faces **outward,** and one must presume that **it perforated** its way out of the gullet **and** thereby **came** to the liver.


###### Chullin 48b:13
[Chullin 48b:13](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/48b:13)

וּמַאי שְׁנָא מִמַּחַט שֶׁנִּמְצֵאת

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara asks: **And** in **what** way **is** this case **different from** that of **a needle that is found**