## Chullin Daf 53a

###### Chullin 53a:1
[Chullin 53a:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/53a:1)

יֵשׁ דְּרוּסָה לְחָתוּל אוֹ אֵין דְּרוּסָה לְחָתוּל? אֲמַר לֵיהּ: אַף לְחוּלְדָּה יֵשׁ דְּרוּסָה. יֵשׁ דְּרוּסָה לְחוּלְדָּה אוֹ אֵין דְּרוּסָה לְחוּלְדָּה? אֲמַר לֵיהּ: אַף לְחָתוּל אֵין דְּרוּסָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Does a cat** render an animal a *tereifa* through **clawing, or does a cat not** render it a *tereifa* through **clawing?** Rav **said to him: Even a weasel,** which is smaller than a cat, **does** render an animal a *tereifa* through **clawing.** Rav Kahana also asked him: **Does a weasel** render an animal a *tereifa* through **clawing, or does a weasel not** render it a *tereifa* through **clawing?** Rav **said to him: Even a cat does not** render an animal a *tereifa* through **clawing.**


###### Chullin 53a:2
[Chullin 53a:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/53a:2)

לְחָתוּל וּלְחוּלְדָּה, יֵשׁ לָהֶן דְּרוּסָה אוֹ אֵין לָהֶן דְּרוּסָה? אֲמַר לֵיהּ: לְחָתוּל יֵשׁ דְּרוּסָה, לְחוּלְדָּה אֵין דְּרוּסָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Rav Kahana also asked him: With regard **to a cat and a weasel, do they** render an animal a *tereifa* through **clawing, or do they not** render it a *tereifa* through **clawing?** Rav **said to him: A cat does** render an animal a *tereifa* through **clawing,** but **a weasel does not** render it a *tereifa* through **clawing.**


###### Chullin 53a:3
[Chullin 53a:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/53a:3)

וְלָא קַשְׁיָא: הָא דַּאֲמַר לֵיהּ ״אַף לְחוּלְדָּה יֵשׁ דְּרוּסָה״ – בְּעוֹפוֹת, הָא דַּאֲמַר לֵיהּ ״אַף לְחָתוּל אֵין דְּרוּסָה״ – בְּאִימְּרֵי רַבְרְבֵי, הָא דַּאֲמַר לֵיהּ ״לְחָתוּל יֵשׁ דְּרוּסָה, לְחוּלְדָּה אֵין דְּרוּסָה״ – בִּגְדָיִים וּטְלָאִים.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara clarifies: **And** the apparent contradiction between these responses is **not difficult. That which** Rav **said to him: Even a weasel does** render an animal a *tereifa* through **clawing,** was stated **about** a case of clawed **birds. That which he said to him: Even a cat does not** render an animal a *tereifa* through **clawing,** was stated **about** a case of **adult sheep. That which** Rav **said to him: A cat does** render an animal a *tereifa* through **clawing,** but **a weasel does not** render it a *tereifa* through **clawing,** was stated **about** a case of **kids and lambs.**


###### Chullin 53a:4
[Chullin 53a:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/53a:4)

בָּעֵי רַב אָשֵׁי: שְׁאָר עוֹפוֹת טְמֵאִין, יֵשׁ לָהֶן דְּרוּסָה אוֹ אֵין לָהֶן דְּרוּסָה? אֲמַר לֵיהּ רַב הִלֵּל לְרַב אָשֵׁי: כִּי הֲוֵינַן בֵּי רַב כָּהֲנָא, אֲמַר: שְׁאָר עוֹפוֹת טְמֵאִין יֵשׁ לָהֶן דְּרוּסָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ The mishna states that a small bird clawed by a hawk is a *tereifa*. **Rav Ashi raises a dilemma:** With regard to **other non-kosher birds** beside a hawk, **do they** render a bird a *tereifa* through **clawing, or do they not** render it a *tereifa* through **clawing? Rav Hillel said to Rav Ashi: When we were in the study hall of Rav Kahana, he said: Other non-kosher birds do** render a bird a *tereifa* through **clawing.**


###### Chullin 53a:5
[Chullin 53a:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/53a:5)

וְהָאֲנַן תְּנַן: ״וּדְרוּסַת הַנֵּץ בְּעוֹף הַדַּק״! דְּרוּסַת הָנֵץ בְּדִכְוָותֵיהּ, וְאִינָךְ בִּדְזוּטְרָא מִינַּיְיהוּ. וְאִיכָּא דְּאָמְרִי: דְּרוּסַת הַנֵּץ בִּדְרַבִּי מִינֵּיהּ, וְאִינָךְ בְּדִכְוָותַיְיהוּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara asks: **But didn’t we learn** in the mishna: **Or** if it was **clawed by a hawk in** the case of **a small bird,** it is a *tereifa*? Apparently, only a hawk renders a small bird a *tereifa* through clawing. The Gemara responds: The mishna means that a small bird **clawed by a hawk** is rendered a *tereifa* even **in** a case **where** it is as large **as** the hawk. **But these** other non-kosher birds can render a small bird a *tereifa* only **in** a case **where** it is **smaller than them. And there are** those **who say:** A small bird **clawed by a hawk** is rendered a *tereifa* even **in** a case **where** it is **larger than** the hawk. **But these** other non-kosher birds can render a small bird a *tereifa* only **in** a case **where** it is, at most, as large **as them.**


###### Chullin 53a:6
[Chullin 53a:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/53a:6)

אָמַר רַב כָּהֲנָא מִשְּׁמֵיהּ דְּרַב שִׁימִי בַּר אָשֵׁי: אֵין דְּרוּסָה לְשׁוּעָל. אִינִי? וְהָא כִּי אֲתָא רַב דִּימִי אָמַר: מַעֲשֵׂה וְדָרַס שׁוּעָל רָחֵל בַּמֶּרְחָץ שֶׁל בֵּית הִינֵי, וּבָא מַעֲשֶׂה לִפְנֵי חֲכָמִים, וְאָמְרוּ: יֵשׁ דְּרוּסָה! אָמַר רַב סָפְרָא: הָהִיא חָתוּל הֲוָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ **Rav Kahana said in the name of Rav Shimi bar Ashi: A fox does not** render an animal a *tereifa* through **clawing.** The Gemara asks: **Is that so? But when Rav Dimi came** from Eretz Yisrael to Babylonia **he said:** There was **an incident** in which **a fox clawed a ewe in the bathhouse of Beit Hini, and the incident came before the Sages, and they said:** This **is** a case of **clawing. Rav Safra said** in response: In **that** case the predator **was a cat,** not a fox.


###### Chullin 53a:7
[Chullin 53a:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/53a:7)

אִיכָּא דְּאָמְרִי, אָמַר רַב כָּהֲנָא מִשְּׁמֵיהּ דְּרַב שִׁימִי בַּר אָשֵׁי: יֵשׁ דְּרוּסָה לְשׁוּעָל. אִינִי? וְהָא כִּי אֲתָא רַב דִּימִי אָמַר: מַעֲשֶׂה וְדָרַס שׁוּעָל רָחֵל בַּמֶּרְחָץ שֶׁל בֵּית הִינֵי, וּבָא מַעֲשֶׂה לִפְנֵי חֲכָמִים, וְאָמְרוּ: אֵין דְּרוּסָה! אָמַר רַב סָפְרָא: הָהוּא כֶּלֶב הֲוָה. אָמַר רַב יוֹסֵף: נָקְטִינַן אֵין דְּרוּסָה לְכֶלֶב.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**There are** those **who say** the above exchange differently: **Rav Kahana said in the name of Rav Shimi bar Ashi: A fox does** render an animal a *tereifa* through **clawing.** The Gemara asks: **Is that so? But when Rav Dimi came** from Eretz Yisrael to Babylonia **he said:** There was **an incident** in which **a fox clawed a ewe in the bathhouse of Beit Hini, and the incident came before the Sages, and they said:** This is **not** a case of **clawing. Rav Safra said** in response: In **that** case the predator **was a dog,** not a fox. And **Rav Yosef said: We have a tradition** that **a dog does not** render an animal a *tereifa* through **clawing.**


###### Chullin 53a:8
[Chullin 53a:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/53a:8)

אָמַר אַבָּיֵי: נָקְטִינַן, אֵין דְּרוּסָה אֶלָּא בַּיָּד, לְאַפּוֹקֵי רֶגֶל דְּלָא. אֵין דְּרוּסָה אֶלָּא בְּצִפּוֹרֶן, לְאַפּוֹקֵי שֵׁן דְּלָא. אֵין דְּרוּסָה אֶלָּא מִדַּעַת, לְאַפּוֹקֵי שֶׁלֹּא מִדַּעַת דְּלָא. אֵין דְּרוּסָה אֶלָּא מֵחַיִּים, לְאַפּוֹקֵי לְאַחַר מִיתָה דְּלָא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ With regard to the definition of clawing that renders an animal a *tereifa*, **Abaye said: We have a tradition: Clawing is only with the foreleg, to the exclusion of** clawing with the **hind leg, which does not** render the animal a *tereifa*. Additionally, **clawing is only with the claw, to the exclusion of** savaging with the **tooth, which does not** render the animal a *tereifa*, because the teeth contain no venom. And **clawing is only through an intentional** act, **to the exclusion of an unintentional** act, **which does not** render the animal a *tereifa*, e.g., if the predator accidentally fell on the prey with its claws outstretched. And **clawing is only while** the predator is **alive, to the exclusion of** a case where it clawed an animal **after death, which does not** render the animal a *tereifa*.


###### Chullin 53a:9
[Chullin 53a:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/53a:9)

אָמְרִי: הַשְׁתָּא שֶׁלֹּא מִדַּעַת אָמְרַתְּ לָא, לְאַחַר מִיתָה מִיבַּעְיָא? לָא צְרִיכָא, דְּדָרֵיס וּפַסְקוּהָ לִידֵיהּ. מַהוּ דְּתֵימָא: בַּהֲדֵי דְּדָרֵיס שָׁדֵי זִיהֲרֵיהּ, קָא מַשְׁמַע לַן: בַּהֲדֵי דְּשָׁלֵיף שָׁדֵי זִיהֲרֵיהּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Sages **say: Now** that **you said** that **an unintentional** act of clawing does **not** render an animal a *tereifa*, **is** it **necessary** to say that clawing **after death** is ineffective? The Gemara responds: **No,** it is **necessary** to teach this *halakha* for a case **where** the predator **clawed** while still alive, **and they cut off its hand** with its claws still inside the prey’s flesh. **Lest you say: It injects its venom while it claws,** Abaye **teaches us** that **it injects its venom while it withdraws** its claws. Accordingly, where the venom has yet to be injected before its death, i.e., before its hand is severed, the animal is kosher.


###### Chullin 53a:10
[Chullin 53a:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/53a:10)

אָמַר רַבָּה בַּר רַב הוּנָא אָמַר רַב: אֲרִי שֶׁנִּכְנַס לְבֵין הַשְּׁוָורִים, וְנִמְצָא צִפּוֹרֶן בְּגַבּוֹ שֶׁל אֶחָד מֵהֶן – אֵין חוֹשְׁשִׁין שֶׁמָּא אֲרִי דְּרָסוֹ. מַאי טַעְמָא? רוֹב אֲרָיוֹת דּוֹרְסִין וּמִיעוּטָן אֵין דּוֹרְסִין, וְכׇל הַדּוֹרֵס – אֵין צִפׇּרְנוֹ נִשְׁמֶטֶת, וְזֹאת, הוֹאִיל וְצִפּוֹרֶן יוֹשֶׁבֶת לוֹ בְּגַבּוֹ – אֵימַר בַּכּוֹתֶל נִתְחַכֵּךְ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ **Rabba bar Rav Huna says** that **Rav says:** If **a lion entered among the oxen, and** afterward **a claw was found** stuck **in the back of one of** the oxen, **one** need **not be concerned** that **perhaps** the **lion clawed it. What is the reason** for this? Even though **a majority of lions claw** their prey **and** only **a minority of them do not claw,** still, it is known with regard to **any** lion **that claws** that **its claw is not ripped out** in the process. **And** therefore, with regard to **this** ox, **since a claw sits in its back, say** that **it rubbed against a wall** that had a claw embedded in it.


###### Chullin 53a:11
[Chullin 53a:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/53a:11)

אַדְּרַבָּה, רוֹב שְׁוָורִים מִתְחַכְּכִין, וּמִיעוּטָן אֵין מִתְחַכְּכִין, וְכׇל הַמִּתְחַכֵּךְ – אֵין צִפּוֹרֶן יוֹשֶׁבֶת לוֹ בְּגַבּוֹ, וְזֶה, הוֹאִיל וְצִפּוֹרֶן יוֹשֶׁבֶת לוֹ בְּגַבּוֹ, אֵימַר אֲרִי דְּרָסוֹ!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara objects: **On the contrary,** say that even though **a majority of oxen rub** against the wall **and** only **a minority do not rub,** still, it is known with regard to **any** ox **that rubs** that **a claw does not sit in its back. And** therefore, with regard to **this** ox, **since a claw sits in its back, say** that the **lion clawed it.**


###### Chullin 53a:12
[Chullin 53a:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/53a:12)

אִיכָּא לְמֵימַר הָכִי, וְאִיכָּא לְמֵימַר הָכִי – אוֹקֵי (מִילְּתָא) [תּוֹרָא] אַחֶזְקֵיהּ, הָוֵה לֵיהּ סְפֵק דְּרוּסָה; וְרַב לְטַעְמֵיהּ, דְּאָמַר: אֵין חוֹשְׁשִׁין לִסְפֵק דְּרוּסָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara responds: **One can say this, and one can say that.** Therefore, **establish the matter** according to **its presumptive status,** in which case the ox is not a *tereifa*. Accordingly, the ox is permitted because **this** case **is** one of **uncertainty** as to whether the animal was **clawed, and Rav** conforms **to his** standard line of **reasoning, as he says: One** need **not be concerned** in a case of **uncertainty** as to whether an animal was **clawed.**


###### Chullin 53a:13
[Chullin 53a:13](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/53a:13)

אָמַר אַבָּיֵי: לָא אֲמַרַן אֶלָּא צִפּוֹרֶן, אֲבָל מְקוֹם צִפּוֹרֶן – חוֹשְׁשִׁין, וְצִפּוֹרֶן נָמֵי לָא אֲמַרַן אֶלָּא לַחָה, אֲבָל יְבֵשָׁה – עָבְדָה דְּמִשְׁתַּמְטָא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Abaye said: We said** that one need not be concerned that the lion clawed the ox **only** when the **claw** was found in its back, since it is known that a claw is not ripped out during clawing. **But** if only **the spot of a claw** was found, i.e., a perforation, **one must be concerned. And even** if the **claw** was found in its back, **we said** that one need not be concerned **only** when it was **moist,** since this indicates it was well connected to the flesh. Accordingly, if the lion had clawed the ox, this claw would not have been ripped out. **But** if the claw was **dry,** one must be concerned, because **it happens that** such a claw **is ripped out** during clawing.


###### Chullin 53a:14
[Chullin 53a:14](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/53a:14)

וְלַחָה נָמֵי לָא אֲמַרַן, אֶלָּא חֲדָא, אֲבָל תַּרְתֵּי וּתְלָת – חָיְישִׁינַן, וְהוּא דְּקָיְימָא בְּדָרָא דְּסִיחוּפֵיהּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And** with regard to **a moist** claw **as well, we said** that one need not be concerned **only** when **one** claw was found in its back. **But** if there were **two or three** claws embedded in its back, **we must be concerned,** because multiple claws were not likely to be embedded in the wall. **And this is** the *halakha* only **where they are situated in a row as** they are in the **paw of** a lion.


###### Chullin 53a:15
[Chullin 53a:15](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/53a:15)

אִיתְּמַר: רַב אָמַר: אֵין חוֹשְׁשִׁין לִסְפֵק דְּרוּסָה, וּשְׁמוּאֵל אָמַר: חוֹשְׁשִׁין לִסְפֵק דְּרוּסָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ It **was stated: Rav says: One** need **not be concerned** in a case of **uncertainty** as to whether an animal was **clawed. And Shmuel says: One must be concerned** in a case of **uncertainty** as to whether an animal was **clawed,** and the animal must be inspected.


###### Chullin 53a:16
[Chullin 53a:16](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/53a:16)

דְּכוּלֵּי עָלְמָא, סָפֵק עָל, סָפֵק לָא עָל – אֵימָא לָא עָל. סְפֵק כַּלְבָּא, סְפֵק שׁוּנָרָא – אֵימָא כַּלְבָּא. עָל, שְׁתֵיק וְיָתֵיב בֵּינַיְיהוּ – אֵימַר שְׁלָמָא שַׁוִּי. קְטַע רֵישֵׁיהּ דְּחַד מִינַּיְיהוּ – נָח מֵרִיתְחֵיהּ. אִיהוּ קָא מְעַוֵּאי וְאִינְהוּ קָמְקַרְקְרָן – בַּעוֹתֵי קָא מְבַעֲתִי

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara explains: **Everyone** agrees that in a case where it is **uncertain** whether a predator **entered** the pen or coop and **uncertain** whether it **did not enter, I will say** that **it did not enter.** Furthermore, if it is known that an animal entered but it is **uncertain** whether it was **a dog** and **uncertain** whether it was **a cat, I will say** that it was **a dog,** which cannot render an animal a *tereifa* through clawing. And even if a predator **entered,** but it **was quiet and sat among** the animals, **I will say it made peace** with them, as though it were tame, and did not claw them. And if it **decapitated one of them,** I will say that its **anger subsided** afterward, and it did not claw other animals. And if **it was roaring and they were clucking,** I will say that **they are** only **frightening**