## Chullin Daf 63a

###### Chullin 63a:1
[Chullin 63a:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/63a:1)

בַּת מָזְגָא חַמְרָא – שַׁרְיָא, וְסִימָנָיךְ ״יָפֶה כֹּחַ הַבֵּן מִכֹּחַ הָאָב״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
But the bird called the **little wine pourer is permitted. And your mnemonic** to remember this is the idiom of the Sages: **The power of the son is greater than the power of the father,** i.e., the larger is forbidden while the smaller is permitted.


###### Chullin 63a:2
[Chullin 63a:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/63a:2)

אָמַר רַב יְהוּדָה: שְׁקִיטָנָא, אֲרִיכֵי שָׁקֵי וְסוּמָּקֵי – שַׁרְיָא, וְסִימָנָיךְ מוּרְזְמָא. גּוּצֵי וְסוּמָּקֵי – אֲסִירִי, וְסִימָנָיךְ ״נָנוּס פָּסוּל״. אֲרִיכֵי שָׁקֵי וִירוּקֵּי – אֲסִירִי, וְסִימָנָיךְ ״יְרוּקִּין פְּסוּלִין״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Yehuda says:** There are several types of ***shekitena*.** The **long-shanked red** ones are **permitted. And your mnemonic** to remember this is the ***murzema*** bird, which is similar in appearance and known to be kosher. The **little red** ones are **forbidden, and your mnemonic** for this is the *halakha* that **a dwarf** priest is **unfit** for Temple service. The **long-shanked green,** i.e., yellow, ones are **forbidden, and your mnemonic** for this is the mishna (56a): Innards that have turned **green** render an animal a *tereifa* and **unfit** for consumption.


###### Chullin 63a:3
[Chullin 63a:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/63a:3)

אָמַר רַב יְהוּדָה: ״שָׁלָךְ״, זֶה הַשּׁוֹלֶה דָּגִים מִן הַיָּם. ״דּוּכִיפַת״, שֶׁהוֹדוֹ כָּפוּת. תַּנְיָא נָמֵי הָכִי: דּוּכִיפַת, שֶׁהוֹדוֹ כָּפוּת, וְזֶהוּ שֶׁהֵבִיא שָׁמִיר לְבֵית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Yehuda says:** As for the ***shalakh*,** listed as a non-kosher bird (see Leviticus 11:17), **this is** the bird **that scoops [*sholeh*] fish out of the sea.** The ***dukhifat*** (see Leviticus 11:19) is the bird **whose comb** seems **bent [*hodo kafut*]** due to its thickness. The Gemara notes: **This is also taught** in a *baraita*: The ***dukhifat*** is the bird **whose comb** seems **bent, and this is** the bird **that brought the *shamir* to the Temple.** As recounted in tractate *Gittin* (68b), King Solomon required a unique worm called the *shamir* to carve stones of the Temple, as the verse states: “There was neither hammer nor ax nor any tool of iron heard in the house, while it was in building” (I Kings 6:7).


###### Chullin 63a:4
[Chullin 63a:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/63a:4)

רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן, כִּי הֲוָה חָזֵי שָׁלָךְ, אָמַר: ״מִשְׁפָּטֶיךָ תְּהוֹם רַבָּה״. כִּי הֲוָה חָזֵי נְמָלָה, אָמַר: ״צִדְקָתְךָ כְּהַרְרֵי אֵל״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara recounts: **When Rabbi Yoḥanan would see a *shalakh*, he** would **say: “Your judgments are like the great deep”** (Psalms 36:7), as God exacts retribution even upon the fish in the sea. **When he would see an ant, he** would **say** the first half of the same verse: **“Your righteousness is like the mighty mountains,”** as God provides sustenance for the tiny ant just as He does for the largest creatures.


###### Chullin 63a:5
[Chullin 63a:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/63a:5)

אָמַר אַמֵּימָר: לַקְנִי וּבָטְנִי – שַׁרְיָין, שַׁקְנַאי וּבָטְנַאי – מְקוֹם שֶׁנָּהֲגוּ לֶאֱכוֹל אוֹכְלִין, מְקוֹם שֶׁנָּהֲגוּ שֶׁלֹּא לֶאֱכוֹל אֵין אוֹכְלִין. אַטּוּ בְּמִנְהֲגָא תַּלְיָא מִילְּתָא? אִין, וְלָא קַשְׁיָא: הָא בְּאַתְרָא דִּשְׁכִיחִי פֶּרֶס וְעׇזְנִיָּה, הָא בְּאַתְרָא דְּלָא שְׁכִיחִי פֶּרֶס וְעׇזְנִיָּה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Ameimar says:** The ***laknei* and *batnei*** birds are **permitted.** As for the ***sakna’ei* and *batna’ei*** birds, in any **place that it is customary to eat** them, **one may eat** them; in any **place that it is customary not to eat** them, **one may not eat** them. The Gemara asks: **Is that to say that the matter** of whether it is permitted **depends on custom?** The Gemara responds: **Yes, but** it is **not difficult: This** place where they are forbidden is **a place where the *peres* and *ozniyya* are found.** Since they are similar to these birds, one must be concerned that people will confuse them, even though the *sakna’ei* and *batna’ei* are themselves kosher. **That** place where they are permitted is **a place where the *peres* and *ozniyya* are not found.**


###### Chullin 63a:6
[Chullin 63a:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/63a:6)

אָמַר אַבָּיֵי: קוּאֵי וְקָקוֹאֵי אֲסִירִי, קָקוֹאֲתָא שַׁרְיָא. בְּמַעְרְבָא מַלְקוּ עִילָּוַהּ, וְקָרוּ לַהּ תַּחְוָותָא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Abaye says:** The birds called ***kevai* and *kakvai* are forbidden,** but the ***kakvata* is permitted.** Still, **in the West,** Eretz Yisrael, **they flog** one who eats it **on its** account, **and they call it *taḥveta*.**


###### Chullin 63a:7
[Chullin 63a:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/63a:7)

תָּנוּ רַבָּנַן: ״תִּנְשֶׁמֶת״ בָּאוָת שֶׁבָּעוֹפוֹת. אַתָּה אוֹמֵר בָּאוָת שֶׁבָּעוֹפוֹת, אוֹ אֵינוֹ אֶלָּא בָּאוָת שֶׁבַּשְּׁרָצִים? אָמַרְתָּ: צֵא וּלְמַד מִשְּׁלֹשׁ עֶשְׂרֵה מִדּוֹת שֶׁהַתּוֹרָה נִדְרֶשֶׁת בָּהֶן, דָּבָר הַלָּמֵד מֵעִנְיָנוֹ. בְּמָה הַכָּתוּב מְדַבֵּר? בְּעוֹפוֹת, אַף כָּאן בְּעוֹפוֹת.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**The Sages taught** in a *baraita*: The ***tinshemet*,** listed in the Torah as non-kosher (see Leviticus 11:18), is the ***ba’ut* among birds.** One might ask: **Do you say** that it is **the *ba’ut* among birds, or is it only the *ba’ut* among creeping animals?** The *tinshemet* is also listed among the creeping animals (see Leviticus 11:30). **Say: Go out and learn from the thirteen hermeneutical principles,** of which one is: **A matter derived from its context. What are the** adjacent **verses speaking about?** They are speaking **about birds. So too here,** the word *tinshemet* is referring **to birds.**


###### Chullin 63a:8
[Chullin 63a:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/63a:8)

תַּנְיָא נָמֵי גַּבֵּי שְׁרָצִים כְּהַאי גַּוְונָא: ״תִּנְשֶׁמֶת״ בָּאוָת שֶׁבַּשְּׁרָצִים. אַתָּה אוֹמֵר בָּאוָת שֶׁבַּשְּׁרָצִים, אוֹ אֵינוֹ אֶלָּא בָּאוָת שֶׁבָּעוֹפוֹת? אָמַרְתָּ: צֵא וּלְמַד מִשְּׁלֹשׁ עֶשְׂרֵה מִדּוֹת שֶׁהַתּוֹרָה נִדְרֶשֶׁת בָּהֶן, דָּבָר הַלָּמֵד מֵעִנְיָנוֹ – בְּמָה הַכָּתוּב מְדַבֵּר? בִּשְׁרָצִים, אַף כָּאן בִּשְׁרָצִים.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara notes: **It is also taught** in a *baraita* **in this way with regard to** the *tinshemet* listed among the **creeping animals:** The ***tinshemet*** here is the ***ba’ut* among creeping animals.** One might ask: **Do you say** that it is the ***ba’ut* among creeping animals, or it is only** the ***ba’ut* among birds? Say: Go out and learn from the thirteen hermeneutical principles,** of which one is: **A matter derived from its context. What are the** adjacent **verses speaking about?** They are speaking **about creeping animals. So too here,** the word *tinshemet* is referring **to creeping animals.**


###### Chullin 63a:9
[Chullin 63a:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/63a:9)

אָמַר אַבָּיֵי: בָּאוָת שֶׁבָּעוֹפוֹת – קִיפוֹף, בָּאוָת שֶׁבַּשְּׁרָצִים – קוּרְפְּדַאי. אָמַר רַב יְהוּדָה: ״קָאָת״ – זוֹ הַקּוּק, ״רָחָם״ – זוֹ שְׁרַקְרַק.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Abaye says:** The ***ba’ut* among birds** is commonly called the ***kifof*.** The ***ba’ut* among creeping animals** is commonly called the ***kurpedai*. Rav Yehuda says:** As for the ***ka’at*** listed in the Torah as non-kosher (see Leviticus 11:18), **this is the** bird called **a *kuk*.** As for the ***raḥam*, this is** the ***sherakrak*.**


###### Chullin 63a:10
[Chullin 63a:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/63a:10)

אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן: לָמָּה נִקְרָא שְׁמוֹ רָחָם? כֵּיוָן שֶׁבָּא רָחָם בָּאוּ רַחֲמִים לְעוֹלָם. אָמַר רַב בִּיבִי בַּר אַבָּיֵי: וְהוּא דְּיָתֵיב אַמִּידֵּי וְעָבֵיד ״שְׁרַקְרַק״, וּגְמִירִי דְּאִי יָתֵיב אַאַרְעָא וְשָׁרֵיק – אֲתָא מְשִׁיחָא, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״אֶשְׁרְקָה לָהֶם וַאֲקַבְּצֵם״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rabbi Yoḥanan says: Why is it called the *raḥam*?** Because **when the *raḥam* comes** to Eretz Yisrael, **mercy [*raḥamim*] comes to the world,** as it appears at the beginning of the rainy season. **Rav Beivai bar Abaye said: And it is** a sign of rain only **when it sits on something and makes a *sherakrak*** sound. And it **is learned** as a tradition **that if it sits on the ground and hisses [*veshareik*],** this is a sign that **the Messiah is coming, as it is stated: “I will hiss [*eshreka*] for them, and gather them”** (Zechariah 10:8).


###### Chullin 63a:11
[Chullin 63a:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/63a:11)

אֲמַר לֵיהּ רַב אַדָּא בַּר שִׁימִי לְמָר בַּר רַב אִידַאי: וְהָא הָהוּא דְּיָתֵיב בֵּי כְרָבָא וּשְׁרַק, וַאֲתָא גָּלָל אַפְסְקֵיהּ לְמוֹחֵיהּ! אֲמַר לֵיהּ: הָהוּא בַּיָּידָא הֲוָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Adda bar Shimi said to Mar bar Rav Idai: But** wasn’t there **a certain** *raḥam* **that sat on a plowed field and hissed, and a stone came and broke its head?** Mar bar Rav Idai **said to him: That** *raḥam* **was a liar** and was punished for prophesying falsely.


###### Chullin 63a:12
[Chullin 63a:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/63a:12)

תָּנוּ רַבָּנַן: ״עוֹרֵב״ – זֶה עוֹרֵב, ״אֶת כׇּל עוֹרֵב״ – לְהָבִיא עוֹרֵב הָעִמְקִי, ״לְמִינוֹ״ – לְהָבִיא עוֹרֵב הָבֵא בְּרָאשֵׁי יוֹנִים.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
With regard to the verse: “Every *orev* after its kinds” (Leviticus 11:15), **the Sages taught** in a *baraita*: As for the ***orev*, this is the crow.** When the verse states: **“Every *orev*,”** this serves **to include the valley crow** as non-kosher. And the verse states: **“After its kinds,” to include the crow that comes at the heads of pigeons.**


###### Chullin 63a:13
[Chullin 63a:13](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/63a:13)

אָמַר מָר: ״עוֹרֵב״ – זֶה עוֹרֵב. אַטּוּ קַמַּן קָאֵי? אֶלָּא אֵימָא: ״עוֹרֵב״ – זֶה עוֹרֵב אוּכָּמָא, וְכֵן הוּא אוֹמֵר: ״קְוֻצּוֹתָיו תַּלְתַּלִּים שְׁחֹרוֹת כָּעוֹרֵב״. הָעִמְקִי – חִיוָּורָא, וְכֵן הוּא אוֹמֵר: ״וּמַרְאֵהוּ עָמֹק מִן הָעוֹר״, כְּמַרְאֵה חַמָּה הָעֲמוּקָּה מִן הַצֵּל.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara explains: **The Master said:** As for the ***orev*, this is the crow. Is that to say** that the particular crow **stands before us,** such that one immediately knows which one it is? **Rather, say:** As for the ***orev*, this is the black crow, and so** the verse **states: “His locks are curled, and black as a crow”** (Song of Songs 5:11). The Gemara continues to explain the *baraita*: **The valley** crow **[*ha’amaki*]** is the **white** crow. **And so** the verse **states** with regard to leprosy: **“If the appearance thereof be deeper [*amok*] than the skin”** (Leviticus 13:30), and the Sages explained: **As the appearance of** an area lit by the **sun, which** seems **deeper than the shade,** which appears to cover it. There is therefore an association between a valley and the color white.


###### Chullin 63a:14
[Chullin 63a:14](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/63a:14)

וְעוֹרֵב הַבָּא בְּרָאשֵׁי יוֹנִים, אָמַר רַב פָּפָּא: לָא תֵּימָא דְּאָתֵי בְּרֵישׁ יוֹנֵי, אֶלָּא דְּדָמֵי רֵישֵׁיהּ לִדְיוֹנָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And** with regard to **the crow that comes at the heads of pigeons, Rav Pappa said: Do not say** that the *baraita* means **that it comes at the head of pigeons,** i.e., it dwells with them; **rather,** it means that this crow’s **head resembles that of a pigeon.**


###### Chullin 63a:15
[Chullin 63a:15](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/63a:15)

תָּנוּ רַבָּנַן: ״הַנֵּץ״ – זֶה הַנֵּץ, ״לְמִינֵהוּ״ – לְהָבִיא אֶת בַּר חִירְיָא. מַאי בַּר חִירְיָא? אָמַר אַבָּיֵי: שׁוּרִינְקָא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
With regard to the verse: “And the *netz* after its kinds” (Leviticus 11:16), **the Sages taught:** As for **the *netz*, this is the hawk.** The verse states: **“After its kinds,” to include** the bird called ***bar ḥireya*.** The Gemara asks: **What is the *bar ḥireya*? Abaye said:** It is the bird commonly called the ***shurineka*.**


###### Chullin 63a:16
[Chullin 63a:16](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/63a:16)

אָמַר רַב יְהוּדָה: ״הַחֲסִידָה״ – זוֹ דַּיָּה לְבָנָה. לָמָּה נִקְרָא שְׁמָהּ חֲסִידָה? שֶׁעוֹשָׂה חֲסִידוּת עִם חַבְרוֹתֶיהָ. ״הָאֲנָפָה״ – זוֹ דַּיָּה רַגְזָנִית. לָמָּה נִקְרָא שְׁמָהּ אֲנָפָה? שֶׁמְּנָאָפֶת עִם חַבְרוֹתֶיהָ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
With regard to the verse: “And the *ḥasida*, and the *anafa* after its kinds” (Leviticus 11:19), **Rav Yehuda says:** As for **the *ḥasida*, this is the white *dayya*. And why is it called *ḥasida*? Since it performs charity [*ḥasidut*] for its fellows,** giving them from its own food. As for **the *anafa*, this is the irritable *dayya*. And why is it called *anafa*? Since it quarrels [*mena’efet*] with its fellows.**


###### Chullin 63a:17
[Chullin 63a:17](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/63a:17)

אָמַר רַב חָנָן בַּר רַב חִסְדָּא אָמַר רַב חִסְדָּא אָמַר רַב חָנָן בְּרֵיהּ דְּרָבָא אָמַר רַב: עֶשְׂרִים וְאַרְבָּעָה עוֹפוֹת טְמֵאִין הֵן. אֲמַר לֵיהּ רַב חָנָן בַּר רַב חִסְדָּא לְרַב חִסְדָּא: דְּהֵיכָא? אִי דְּוַיִּקְרָא – עֶשְׂרִים הָווּ, אִי דְּמִשְׁנֵה תוֹרָה – עֶשְׂרִים וְחַד הָווּ, וְכִי תֵּימָא דָּאָה דִּכְתִיבָא בְּוַיִּקְרָא וְלָא כְּתִיבָא בְּמִשְׁנֵה תוֹרָה שִׁדְיַיהּ עֲלַיְיהוּ – אַכַּתִּי עֶשְׂרִין וּתְרֵין הָווּ!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ **Rav Ḥanan bar Rav Ḥisda says** that **Rav Ḥisda says** that **Rav Ḥanan, son of Rava, says** that **Rav says: There are twenty-four non-kosher birds. Rav Ḥanan bar Rav Ḥisda said to Rav Ḥisda,** his father: **From where** in the Torah is this number obtained? **If** you are referring to the list **of Leviticus** (11:13–19), **there are** only **twenty** birds listed there. **If** you are referring to the list **of Deuteronomy** (14:12–18), **there are** only **twenty-one** there. **And if you would say: Add** the ***da’a*, which is written in Leviticus but is not written in Deuteronomy, to** the others in Deuteronomy, **still there are** only **twenty-two.**


###### Chullin 63a:18
[Chullin 63a:18](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/63a:18)

אֲמַר לֵיהּ: הָכִי אָמַר אֲבוּהּ דְּאִמָּךְ מִשְּׁמֵיהּ דְּרַב: ״לְמִינָהּ״ ״לְמִינָהּ״ ״לְמִינוֹ״ ״לְמִינֵהוּ״ – הֲרֵי כָּאן אַרְבַּע. אִי הָכִי עֶשְׂרִין וְשֵׁית הָווּ? אָמַר אַבָּיֵי: דָּאָה וְרָאָה אַחַת הִיא, דְּאִי סָלְקָא דַּעְתָּךְ תַּרְתֵּי אִינּוּן,

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Rav Ḥisda **said to him: This** is what **your mother’s father,** Rav Ḥanan, son of Rava, **said in the name of Rav:** The phrases **“after its kinds,” “after its kinds,” “after its kinds,”** and **“after its kinds,”** that appear in each list indicate additional cases. **Here,** then, **are four** more. The Gemara objects: **If so, there are twenty-six,** not twenty-four. **Abaye said:** The ***da’a*** mentioned in Leviticus **and** the ***ra’a*** mentioned in Deuteronomy **are one** bird. **As, if it enters your mind that they are two** different birds,