## Eruvin Daf 14a

###### Eruvin 14a:1
[Eruvin 14a:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/14a:1)

**גְּמָ׳** טֶפַח, טֶפַח וּמֶחֱצָה בָּעֵי!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**GEMARA:** The Gemara questions the statement in the mishna with regard to the minimum width of the cross beam: **A handbreadth? A handbreadth and a half is required,** as a small brick is a handbreadth and a half wide.


###### Eruvin 14a:2
[Eruvin 14a:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/14a:2)

כֵּיוָן דְּרָחָב לְקַבֵּל טֶפַח, אִידַּךְ חֲצִי טֶפַח מְלַבֵּין לֵיהּ בְּטִינָא מַשֶּׁהוּ מֵהַאי גִּיסָא וּמַשֶּׁהוּ מֵהַאי גִּיסָא, וְקָיְימָא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara answers: **Since** the cross beam **is wide enough to receive** and hold **a handbreadth, one can affix the remaining half handbreadth with plaster,** a small **amount on this side and a** small **amount on** that **side, and** the brick will **stand** in place.


###### Eruvin 14a:3
[Eruvin 14a:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/14a:3)

אָמַר רַבָּה בַּר רַב הוּנָא: קוֹרָה שֶׁאָמְרוּ — צְרִיכָה שֶׁתְּהֵא בְּרִיאָה כְּדֵי לְקַבֵּל אָרִיחַ, וּמַעֲמִידֵי קוֹרָה — אֵינָן צְרִיכִין שֶׁיִּהְיוּ בְּרִיאִין כְּדֵי לְקַבֵּל קוֹרָה וְאָרִיחַ. וְרַב חִסְדָּא אָמַר: אֶחָד זֶה וְאֶחָד זֶה צְרִיכִין שֶׁיִּהְיוּ בְּרִיאִין כְּדֵי לְקַבֵּל קוֹרָה וְאָרִיחַ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rabba bar Rav Huna said: The** cross **beam of which** the Sages **spoke must be sturdy enough to receive** and hold **a small brick; however, the supports of the** cross **beam need not be sturdy** enough **to receive** and hold a cross **beam and a small brick.** Criteria were established for the cross beam itself, which renders the alleyway fit for one to carry within it; criteria were not established for its supports. **Rav Ḥisda** disagreed and **said: Both this,** the beam, **and that,** its supports, **must be sturdy** enough **to hold** a cross **beam and a small brick.**


###### Eruvin 14a:4
[Eruvin 14a:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/14a:4)

אָמַר רַב שֵׁשֶׁת: הִנִּיחַ קוֹרָה עַל גַּבֵּי מָבוֹי, וּפָרַס עָלֶיהָ מַחְצֶלֶת וְהִגְבִּיהַּ מִן הַקַּרְקַע שְׁלֹשָׁה — קוֹרָה אֵין כָּאן מְחִיצָה אֵין כָּאן. קוֹרָה אֵין כָּאן — דְּהָא מִיכַּסְּיָא. מְחִיצָה אֵין כָּאן — דְּהָוְיָא לַהּ מְחִיצָה שֶׁהַגְּדָיִים בּוֹקְעִין בָּהּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Sheshet said: If one placed** a cross **beam over** the entrance **of an alleyway, and draped a mat over it, and raised** the lower end of the mat **three** handbreadths **from the ground, there is neither** a cross **beam here, nor is there a partition here** to render the alleyway fit for one to carry within it. **There is neither** a cross **beam here, as it is obscured** and therefore inconspicuous. **Nor is there a partition here, as it is a partition** that is more than three handbreadths off the ground **through which goats can pass,** and therefore it does not have the legal status of a partition.


###### Eruvin 14a:5
[Eruvin 14a:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/14a:5)

תָּנוּ רַבָּנַן: קוֹרָה הַיּוֹצְאָה מִכּוֹתֶל זֶה וְאֵינָהּ נוֹגַעַת בְּכוֹתֶל זֶה, וְכֵן שְׁתֵּי קוֹרוֹת אַחַת יוֹצְאָה מִכּוֹתֶל זֶה וְאַחַת יוֹצְאָה מִכּוֹתֶל זֶה וְאֵינָן נוֹגְעוֹת זוֹ בָּזוֹ, פָּחוֹת מִשְּׁלֹשָׁה — אֵין צָרִיךְ לְהָבִיא קוֹרָה אַחֶרֶת. שְׁלֹשָׁה — צָרִיךְ לְהָבִיא קוֹרָה אַחֶרֶת.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Our Sages taught** in the *Tosefta*: **If** a cross **beam projects from this wall** of an alleyway **but does not touch that wall** opposite, **and similarly,** if there are **two** cross **beams, one projecting from this wall and one projecting from that wall** opposite, **and they do not touch one another,** if there is a gap of **less than three** handbreadths between the beam and the wall, or between the two beams respectively, **one need not bring another** cross **beam** to render the alleyway fit for one to carry within it, as they are considered joined based on the principle of *lavud*. However, if there is a gap of **three** handbreadths, **one must bring another** cross **beam.**


###### Eruvin 14a:6
[Eruvin 14a:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/14a:6)

רַבָּן שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל אוֹמֵר: פָּחוֹת מֵאַרְבַּע — אֵין צָרִיךְ לְהָבִיא קוֹרָה אַחֶרֶת, אַרְבַּע — צָרִיךְ לְהָבִיא קוֹרָה אַחֶרֶת.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel says:** If the gap is **less than four** handbreadths, **one need not bring another** cross **beam.** However, if it is **four** handbreadths, **he must bring another** cross **beam,** as in his opinion the principle of *lavud* applies to a gap up to four handbreadths wide.


###### Eruvin 14a:7
[Eruvin 14a:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/14a:7)

וְכֵן שְׁתֵּי קוֹרוֹת הַמַּתְאִימוֹת, לֹא בְּזוֹ כְּדֵי לְקַבֵּל אָרִיחַ וְלֹא בָּזוֹ כְּדֵי לְקַבֵּל אָרִיחַ, אִם מְקַבְּלוֹת אָרִיחַ לְרׇחְבּוֹ טֶפַח — אֵין צָרִיךְ לְהָבִיא קוֹרָה אַחֶרֶת, וְאִם לָאו — צָרִיךְ לְהָבִיא קוֹרָה אַחֶרֶת.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And similarly,** if **two matching,** extremely narrow cross **beams** are placed alongside each other, even though **there is not** sufficient width **in this** beam **to receive a small brick, and there is not** sufficient width **in that** beam, **if** the two beams together can **receive a small brick along its handbreadth width, one need not bring another** cross **beam** to render the alleyway fit for one to carry within it; **but if not, one is required to bring another** cross **beam.**


###### Eruvin 14a:8
[Eruvin 14a:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/14a:8)

רַבָּן שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל אוֹמֵר: אִם מְקַבֶּלֶת אָרִיחַ לְאׇרְכּוֹ שְׁלֹשָׁה — אֵין צָרִיךְ לְהָבִיא קוֹרָה אַחֶרֶת, וְאִם לָאו — צָרִיךְ לְהָבִיא קוֹרָה אַחֶרֶת.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel says: If** the two cross beams can **receive a small brick along its length,** which is **three** handbreadths, **one need not bring another** cross **beam, but if not, one must bring another** cross **beam.**


###### Eruvin 14a:9
[Eruvin 14a:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/14a:9)

הָיוּ אַחַת לְמַעְלָה וְאַחַת לְמַטָּה, רַבִּי יוֹסֵי בְּרַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר: רוֹאִין אֶת הָעֶלְיוֹנָה כְּאִילּוּ הִיא לְמַטָּה, וְאֶת הַתַּחְתּוֹנָה כְּאִילּוּ הִיא לְמַעְלָה, וּבִלְבַד שֶׁלֹּא תְּהֵא עֶלְיוֹנָה לְמַעְלָה מֵעֶשְׂרִים אַמָּה וְתַחְתּוֹנָה לְמַטָּה מֵעֲשָׂרָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**If** these two narrow cross beams **are** placed **one above and one below, Rabbi Yosei, son of Rabbi Yehuda, says: One considers the upper** one **as though it were below, and the lower one as though it were above,** i.e., close together. If the two together are fit to hold a small brick, they render the alleyway fit for one to carry within it, although they are not actually close to each other, **provided that the upper** cross **beam is not above twenty cubits and the lower** one is not **below ten** handbreadths, between which a cross beam renders an alleyway fit for one to carry within it.


###### Eruvin 14a:10
[Eruvin 14a:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/14a:10)

אָמַר אַבָּיֵי: רַבִּי יוֹסֵי בְּרַבִּי יְהוּדָה סָבַר לַהּ כַּאֲבוּהּ בַּחֲדָא, וּפְלִיג עֲלֵיהּ בַּחֲדָא. סָבַר לַהּ כַּאֲבוּהּ בַּחֲדָא — דְּאִית לֵיהּ רוֹאִין.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Abaye said: Rabbi Yosei, son of Rabbi Yehuda, holds in accordance with** the opinion of **his father with regard to one** matter, **and disagrees with his** opinion **with regard to one** matter. **He holds in accordance with** the opinion of **his father in one** matter, **as he is** of the opinion that the principle: **One considers,** applies. Just as Rabbi Yehuda stated in the mishna that the cross beam is considered as though it were sturdy even though it is not, his son, Rabbi Yosei, holds that one considers two cross beams placed apart as though they were adjacent.


###### Eruvin 14a:11
[Eruvin 14a:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/14a:11)

וּפְלִיג עֲלֵיהּ בַּחֲדָא — דְּאִילּוּ רַבִּי יְהוּדָה סָבַר: לְמַעְלָה מֵעֶשְׂרִים, וְרַבִּי יוֹסֵי בְּרַבִּי יְהוּדָה סָבַר: בְּתוֹךְ עֶשְׂרִים אִין, לְמַעְלָה מֵעֶשְׂרִים לָא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And** Rabbi Yosei **disagrees with his** father’s opinion **with regard to one** matter. **While Rabbi Yehuda holds** that a cross beam renders an alleyway fit for one to carry within it even if it is **higher than twenty** cubits, **Rabbi Yosei, son of Rabbi Yehuda, holds: Within twenty cubits, yes,** it renders the alleyway fit for one to carry within it; **above twenty,** it does **not.**


###### Eruvin 14a:12
[Eruvin 14a:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/14a:12)

רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר: רְחָבָה אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאֵינָהּ בְּרִיאָה. מַתְנֵי לֵיהּ רַב יְהוּדָה לְחִיָּיא בַּר רַב קַמֵּיהּ דְּרַב: רְחָבָה אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאֵינָהּ בְּרִיאָה. אֲמַר לֵיהּ: אַתְנְיֵיהּ, רְחָבָה וּבְרִיאָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
It was stated in the mishna that **Rabbi Yehuda says:** It suffices if the cross beam is **wide** enough to hold a small brick, **even though it is not sturdy** enough to actually support it. **Rav Yehuda taught** this clause of the mishna **to Ḥiyya bar Rav in the presence of Rav:** It suffices if the cross beam is **wide** enough to hold a small brick, **even though it is not sturdy** enough to actually support it. Rav **said to him: Teach** it to **him** as follows: **Wide** enough **and sturdy** enough to hold a small brick.


###### Eruvin 14a:13
[Eruvin 14a:13](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/14a:13)

וְהָאָמַר רַבִּי אִילְעַאי אָמַר רַב: רְחָבָה אַרְבָּעָה, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאֵינָהּ בְּרִיאָה! רְחָבָה אַרְבָּעָה שָׁאנֵי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara challenges this statement: **Didn’t Rabbi Elai say** that **Rav said:** A cross beam that is **four** handbreadths **wide** renders an alleyway fit for one to carry within it **even if it is not sturdy** enough to hold a small brick? The Gemara answers: A cross beam that is **four handbreadths wide is different,** as a beam of that width is considered a roof and not a beam. It is considered as though the edge of the roof descended and constituted an actual partition, not merely a conspicuous distinction.


###### Eruvin 14a:14
[Eruvin 14a:14](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/14a:14)

הָיְתָה שֶׁל קַשׁ כּוּ׳. מַאי קָא מַשְׁמַע לַן, דְּאָמְרִינַן רוֹאִין — הַיְינוּ הָךְ!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
It was stated in the mishna: Even **if** the cross beam **is** made **of straw** or reeds, one considers it as though it were made of metal. The Gemara asks: **What is** the mishna **teaching us?** If it is teaching **that we say one considers** the cross beam as though it were fit to bear a brick, then **this** clause **is the same as the** previous clause in the mishna: Wide enough even though it is not sturdy enough.


###### Eruvin 14a:15
[Eruvin 14a:15](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/14a:15)

מַהוּ דְּתֵימָא: בְּמִינָהּ אָמְרִינַן, שֶׁלֹּא בְּמִינָהּ — לָא אָמְרִינַן. קָא מַשְׁמַע לַן.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara answers: There is a novel point here, **lest you say** that with regard to a cross beam made of material that other beams **of its own kind** are sturdy, e.g., wood, **we say** that even the flimsiest of cross beams is considered sturdy. However, with regard to a cross beam made of material that only beams **not of its own kind** are sturdy, e.g., straw, which can never support a brick, **we do not say** that one considers the cross beam as if it were made of metal. Therefore, the mishna **teaches us** that there is no difference between the cases.


###### Eruvin 14a:16
[Eruvin 14a:16](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/14a:16)

עֲקוּמָּה רוֹאִין אוֹתָהּ כְּאִילּוּ הִיא פְּשׁוּטָה. פְּשִׁיטָא! קָא מַשְׁמַע לַן כִּדְרַבִּי זֵירָא. דְּאָמַר רַבִּי זֵירָא: הִיא בְּתוֹךְ הַמָּבוֹי וְעַקְמוּמִיתָהּ חוּץ לַמָּבוֹי, הִיא בְּתוֹךְ עֶשְׂרִים וְעַקְמוּמִיתָהּ לְמַעְלָה מֵעֶשְׂרִים, הִיא לְמַעְלָה מֵעֲשָׂרָה וְעַקְמוּמִיתָהּ לְמַטָּה מֵעֲשָׂרָה, רוֹאִין כׇּל שֶׁאִילּוּ יִנָּטֵל עַקְמוּמִיתָהּ וְאֵין בֵּין זֶה לָזֶה שְׁלֹשָׁה — אֵין צָרִיךְ לְהָבִיא קוֹרָה אַחֶרֶת, וְאִם לָאו — צָרִיךְ לְהָבִיא קוֹרָה אַחֶרֶת.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
It was taught in the mishna: If the cross beam is **curved, one considers it as though it were straight.** The Gemara challenges: That is **obvious.** The Gemara answers that this is **in accordance with** the opinion of **Rabbi Zeira, as Rabbi Zeira said:** If the cross beam **is inside the alleyway, and its curved** section **is outside the alleyway;** or **it is within twenty** cubits of the ground, **and its curved** section **is above twenty** cubits; or **it is above ten** handbreadths, **and its curved** section **is below ten** handbreadths, meaning that the curved part of the beam is outside the area where a cross beam is effective, **one considers** the situation: In **any** case **where, were the curved** section outside the area where a cross beam is effective **removed, there would not be** a gap of **three** handbreadths **between this** effective part of the cross beam **and that** effective part of the cross beam, **one need not bring another** cross **beam. And if not,** if the gap would be greater, **he must bring another** cross **beam.**


###### Eruvin 14a:17
[Eruvin 14a:17](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/14a:17)

הָא נָמֵי פְּשִׁיטָא! הִיא בְּתוֹךְ מָבוֹי וְעַקְמוּמִיתָהּ חוּץ לַמָּבוֹי אִיצְטְרִיכָא לֵיהּ. מַהוּ דְּתֵימָא: לֵיחוּשׁ דִּילְמָא אָתֵי לְאִמְּשׁוֹכֵי בָּתְרַהּ. קָא מַשְׁמַע לַן.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara comments: **That too is obvious,** as the curved portion of the cross beam is considered as though it were straight. The Gemara explains: In a case where the cross beam **is inside the alleyway and its curved** portion **is outside the alleyway, it was necessary for him** to teach the *halakha*. **Lest you say: Let us be concerned that he** will **come to be drawn after it** and carry in the area where the curvature extends beyond the alleyway, Rabbi Zeira **teaches us** that this is not a concern.


###### Eruvin 14a:18
[Eruvin 14a:18](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/14a:18)

עֲגוּלָּה רוֹאִין אוֹתָהּ כְּאִילּוּ הִיא מְרוּבַּעַת. הָא תּוּ לְמָה לִי? סֵיפָא אִיצְטְרִיכָא לֵיהּ: כֹּל שֶׁיֵּשׁ בְּהֶיקֵּפוֹ שְׁלֹשָׁה טְפָחִים יֵשׁ בּוֹ רֹחַב טֶפַח.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The mishna continues: If the cross beam is **round, one considers it as though it were square.** The Gemara asks: **Why do I need this** clause **as well?** Similar cases were already taught in the mishna. The Gemara answers: **It was necessary** to teach **the last clause** of this section, i.e., the principle that **any** circle **with a circumference of three handbreadths is a handbreadth in diameter.**


###### Eruvin 14a:19
[Eruvin 14a:19](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/14a:19)

מְנָא הָנֵי מִילֵּי? אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן, אָמַר קְרָא: ״וַיַּעַשׂ אֶת הַיָּם מוּצָק עֶשֶׂר בָּאַמָּה מִשְּׂפָתוֹ עַד שְׂפָתוֹ עָגֹל סָבִיב וְחָמֵשׁ בָּאַמָּה קוֹמָתוֹ וְקָו שְׁלֹשִׁים בָּאַמָּה יָסוֹב אוֹתוֹ סָבִיב״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara asks: **From where are these matters,** this ratio between circumference and diameter, derived? **Rabbi Yoḥanan said** that **the verse said** with regard to King Solomon: **“And he made a molten sea, ten cubits from the one brim to the other: It was round all about, and its height was five cubits; and a line of thirty cubits did circle it round about”** (I Kings 7:23).


###### Eruvin 14a:20
[Eruvin 14a:20](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/14a:20)

וְהָא אִיכָּא שְׂפָתוֹ?!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara asks: **But isn’t there its brim** that must be taken into account? The diameter of the sea was measured from the inside, and if its circumference was measured from the outside, this ratio is no longer accurate.


###### Eruvin 14a:21
[Eruvin 14a:21](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/14a:21)

אָמַר רַב פָּפָּא: שְׂפָתוֹ שְׂפַת פֶּרַח שׁוֹשָׁן כְּתִיב בֵּיהּ, דִּכְתִיב: ״וְעׇבְיוֹ טֶפַח וּשְׂפָתוֹ כְּמַעֲשֵׂה כּוֹס פֶּרַח שׁוֹשָׁן אַלְפַּיִם בַּת יָכִיל״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Pappa said: With regard to its brim, it is written** that **the brim** is as **the petals of a lily,** as stated in the verse: **“And it was a handbreadth thick; and its brim was wrought as the brim of a cup, as the petals of a lily; it contained two thousand *bat*”** (I Kings 7:26). The brim was very thin.


###### Eruvin 14a:22
[Eruvin 14a:22](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/14a:22)

וְהָאִיכָּא מַשֶּׁהוּ! כִּי קָא חָשֵׁיב — מִגַּוַּאי קָא חָשֵׁיב.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara asks: **But** nevertheless, **isn’t there** the minimal **amount** of the thickness of the brim? The Gemara answers: **When one calculates** the circumference, **he calculates from the inside.**


###### Eruvin 14a:23
[Eruvin 14a:23](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/14a:23)

תַּנְיָא רַבִּי חִיָּיא: יָם שֶׁעָשָׂה שְׁלֹמֹה הָיָה מַחֲזִיק מֵאָה וַחֲמִשִּׁים מִקְוֵה טׇהֳרָה. מִכְּדִי, מִקְוֶה כַּמָּה הָוֵי — אַרְבָּעִים סְאָה, כִּדְתַנְיָא: ״וְרָחַץ אֶת בְּשָׂרוֹ

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rabbi Ḥiyya taught** in a *baraita*: **The sea that Solomon fashioned contained** a volume of **one hundred and fifty baths of ritual purification.** The Gemara asks: **After all,** with regard to **a ritual bath, how much is** its volume? It is **forty *se’a*, as it was taught** in a *baraita*: **And he shall bathe his flesh**