## Eruvin Daf 61b

###### Eruvin 61b:1
[Eruvin 61b:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/61b:1)

**גְּמָ׳** אָמַר רַב יְהוּדָה אָמַר שְׁמוּאֵל: שָׁבַת בְּעִיר חֲרֵיבָה, לְרַבָּנַן מְהַלֵּךְ אֶת כּוּלָּהּ וְחוּצָה לָהּ אַלְפַּיִם אַמָּה. הִנִּיחַ אֶת עֵירוּבוֹ בְּעִיר חֲרֵיבָה — אֵין לוֹ מִמְּקוֹם עֵירוּבוֹ אֶלָּא אַלְפַּיִם אַמָּה. רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר אוֹמֵר: אֶחָד שָׁבַת וְאֶחָד הִנִּיחַ — מְהַלֵּךְ אֶת כּוּלָּהּ וְחוּצָה לָהּ אַלְפַּיִם אַמָּה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**GEMARA:** **Rav Yehuda said that Shmuel said:** If **one established his Shabbat residence in a desolate city** whose walls are still standing, **according to the Rabbis he may walk through all of it** as though it were four cubits, **and** he may walk an additional **two thousand cubits beyond it.** If, however, **he** merely **placed his *eiruv* in a desolate city, he has only two thousand cubits from the place of his *eiruv*.** The Rabbis distinguish between one who establishes his Shabbat residence by actually being present in that location at the onset of Shabbat and one who does so by placing his *eiruv* there before Shabbat. **Rabbi Elazar says: Whether he established his Shabbat residence** through his physical presence **or he** merely **placed his *eiruv*** there, **he may walk through all of it and** another **two thousand cubits beyond it.**


###### Eruvin 61b:2
[Eruvin 61b:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/61b:2)

מֵיתִיבִי, אָמַר לָהֶן רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא: אִי אַתֶּם מוֹדִים לִי בְּנוֹתֵן אֶת עֵירוּבוֹ בִּמְעָרָה, שֶׁאֵין לוֹ מִמְּקוֹם עֵירוּבוֹ אֶלָּא אַלְפַּיִם אַמָּה? אָמְרוּ לוֹ: אֵימָתַי, בִּזְמַן שֶׁאֵין בָּהּ דָּיוֹרִין. הָא בְּאֵין בָּהּ דָּיוֹרִין מוֹדוּ לֵיהּ?!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara **raises an objection** based upon the mishna. **Rabbi Akiva said to** the Rabbis: Do **you not concede to me** that **one who places his *eiruv* in a cave has only two thousand cubits from the place of his *eiruv*? They said to him: When** does this apply? **When** the cave **has no residents.** Consequently, **when it has no residents** the Rabbis **concede to** Rabbi Akiva that one has only two thousand cubits from the place of his *eiruv*. This contradicts Rabbi Elazar’s assertion that, according to the Rabbis, even if one places his *eiruv* in the abandoned city, he may walk through all of it and another two thousand cubits beyond it.


###### Eruvin 61b:3
[Eruvin 61b:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/61b:3)

מַאי ״אֵין בָּהּ דָּיוֹרִין״ — אֵינָהּ רְאוּיָה לְדִירָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara responds: **What is** the meaning of the qualification that it **has no residents?** It means that the place **is not fit for residence.** If, however, the city is suitable for habitation, it is considered like four cubits even if it is currently uninhabited.


###### Eruvin 61b:4
[Eruvin 61b:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/61b:4)

תָּא שְׁמַע: שָׁבַת בְּעִיר, אֲפִילּוּ הִיא גְּדוֹלָה כְּאַנְטִיּוֹכְיָא, בִּמְעָרָה, אֲפִילּוּ הִיא כִּמְעָרַת צִדְקִיָּהוּ מֶלֶךְ יְהוּדָה — מְהַלֵּךְ אֶת כּוּלָּהּ וְחוּצָה לָהּ אַלְפַּיִם אַמָּה. קָתָנֵי עִיר דּוּמְיָא דִמְעָרָה, מָה מְעָרָה חֲרֵיבָה, אַף עִיר חֲרֵיבָה. וְשָׁבַת אִין, אֲבָל הִנִּיחַ לָא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Come** and **hear** another difficulty from the following *baraita*: If **one established his Shabbat residence** through his physical presence **in a city, even** if **it is as large as Antioch,** or **in a cave, even** if **it is** particularly large, **like the Cave of Zedekiah, king of Judah, he may walk through all of it and** another **two thousand cubits beyond it.** The *baraita* **teaches** the case of **a city** that is **similar to** that of **a cave: Just as a cave is** presumably **desolate,** i.e., uninhabited, **so too the city** must be one that **is desolate. And** only in the case where **he established his Shabbat residence** through his physical presence would **yes,** this *halakha* apply; **but** if he merely **placed** his *eiruv* there, **no,** he may not measure his two thousand cubits from the edge of the city.


###### Eruvin 61b:5
[Eruvin 61b:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/61b:5)

מַנִּי, אִילֵימָא רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא, מַאי אִירְיָא חֲרֵיבָה? אֲפִילּוּ יְשִׁיבָה נָמֵי! אֶלָּא לָאו רַבָּנַן, וְטַעְמָא דְּשָׁבַת אִין, אֲבָל הִנִּיחַ — לָא!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara continues clarifying the *baraita*: In accordance with **whose** opinion is this *baraita*? **If you say** it is in accordance with the opinion of **Rabbi Akiva, why** did the *baraita* **specifically** teach the case of a **desolate** city? **Even** if it was **inhabited,** the same *halakha* should **also** apply, as Rabbi Akiva holds that even if one placed his *eiruv* in an inhabited city, he has only two thousand cubits from the place of his *eiruv*. **Rather, is it not** in accordance with the opinion of **the Rabbis? And** nonetheless, **the reason is that one established his Shabbat residence** through his physical presence. In such a case, **yes,** one may walk through the entire city and another two thousand cubits beyond it. **But** if one merely **placed** his *eiruv* there, he would **not** be permitted to walk more than two thousand cubits from his *eiruv*, which would contradict the opinion of Rabbi Elazar.


###### Eruvin 61b:6
[Eruvin 61b:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/61b:6)

לָא תֵּימָא עִיר דּוּמְיָא דִמְעָרָה, אֶלָּא אֵימָא מְעָרָה דּוּמְיָא דְעִיר. מָה עִיר יְשִׁיבָה, אַף מְעָרָה יְשִׁיבָה. וְרַבִּי עֲקִיבָא הִיא, דְּאָמַר: אֵין לוֹ מִמְּקוֹם עֵירוּבוֹ אֶלָּא אַלְפַּיִם אַמָּה, וּבְשָׁבַת מוֹדֵי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara rejects this argument and argues that the initial inference was incorrect. **Do not say** that the *baraita* is referring to **a city** that is **similar to a cave. Rather, say** that it is referring to **a cave** that is **similar to a city: Just as the city is** presumably **inhabited, so too the cave** must be one that is **inhabited.** The *baraita* is then in accordance with the opinion of **Rabbi Akiva, who said** that if one merely places his *eiruv* in the cave, **he has only two thousand cubits from the place of his *eiruv*.** However, if **one established his Shabbat residence** there through his physical presence, even Rabbi Akiva **concedes** that the entire cave is considered as though it were four cubits, and he may walk two thousand cubits beyond the cave.


###### Eruvin 61b:7
[Eruvin 61b:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/61b:7)

וְהָא כִּמְעָרַת צִדְקִיָּהוּ קָתָנֵי! כִּמְעָרַת צִדְקִיָּהוּ, וְלֹא כִּמְעָרַת צִדְקִיָּהוּ. כִּמְעָרַת צִדְקִיָּהוּ — גְּדוֹלָה. וְלֹא כִּמְעָרַת צִדְקִיָּהוּ — דְּאִילּוּ הָתָם חֲרֵיבָה, וְהָכָא יְשִׁיבָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara asks: **Doesn’t the** *baraita* **teach** that this *halakha* applies even to a cave **like the Cave of Zedekiah,** which was uninhabited? The Gemara answers: The *baraita* is referring to a cave that is **like the Cave of Zedekiah** in one respect **and not like the Cave of Zedekiah** in other respects. It is **like the Cave of Zedekiah** in that the cave is as **large** as that one. **And** it is **not** exactly **like the Cave of Zedekiah, as there,** with regard to Zedekiah’s cave, it was **desolate, and here** the *baraita* is referring to a cave that is **inhabited.**


###### Eruvin 61b:8
[Eruvin 61b:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/61b:8)

מָר יְהוּדָה אַשְׁכְּחִינְהוּ לִבְנֵי מְבָרַכְתָּא דְּקָא מוֹתְבִי עֵירוּבַיְיהוּ בְּבֵי כְּנִישְׁתָּא דְּבֵי אַגּוֹבָר, אֲמַר לְהוּ: גַּוּוֹ בֵּיהּ טְפֵי, כִּי הֵיכִי דְּלִישְׁתְּרֵי לְכוּ טְפֵי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara relates that **Mar Yehuda** once **found the residents of Mavrakhta placing their *eiruvin* in the synagogue of Beit Agovar. He said to them: Place** your *eiruv* **farther** into the synagogue, **so that more will be permitted to you,** as the Shabbat limit is measured from the spot where the *eiruv* is deposited. Mar Yehuda holds that even when an *eiruv* is placed in an inhabited city, the two thousand cubits are measured from the location of the *eiruv* rather than from the edge of the city.


###### Eruvin 61b:9
[Eruvin 61b:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/61b:9)

אֲמַר לֵיהּ רָבָא: פָּלְגָאָה, בְּעֵירוּבִין לֵית דְּחַשׁ לְהָא דְּרַבִּי עֲקִיבָא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rava said to him: Argumentative one! With regard to** the *halakhot* of ***eiruv*, nobody is concerned about this** opinion of **Rabbi Akiva,** as the *halakha* is in accordance with the opinion of the Rabbis. Consequently, no matter where one places his *eiruv* in a city, the entire city is considered as though it were four cubits, and he is permitted to walk two thousand cubits beyond the edge of the city.


###### Eruvin 61b:10
[Eruvin 61b:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/61b:10)

**הַדְרָן עֲלָךְ כֵּיצַד מְעַבְּרִין**


###### Eruvin 61b:11
[Eruvin 61b:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/61b:11)

מַתְנִי׳ **הַדָּר** עִם הַנׇּכְרִי בֶּחָצֵר, אוֹ עִם מִי שֶׁאֵינוֹ מוֹדֶה בָּעֵירוּב — הֲרֵי זֶה אוֹסֵר עָלָיו.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**MISHNA:** **One who resides with a gentile in** the same **courtyard, or** one who lives in the same courtyard **with one who does not accept** the principle of ***eiruv*,** even though he is not a gentile, such as a Samaritan [*Kuti*], **this** person **renders it prohibited for him** to carry from his own house into the courtyard or from the courtyard into his house, unless he rents this person’s rights in the courtyard, as will be explained below.


###### Eruvin 61b:12
[Eruvin 61b:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/61b:12)

רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר בֶּן יַעֲקֹב אוֹמֵר: לְעוֹלָם אֵינוֹ אוֹסֵר עַד שֶׁיְּהוּ שְׁנֵי יִשְׂרְאֵלִים אוֹסְרִין זֶה עַל זֶה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rabbi Eliezer ben Ya’akov says: Actually,** the gentile **does not render it prohibited** for one to carry, **unless there are two Jews** living in the same courtyard who themselves would **prohibit one another** from carrying if there were no *eiruv*. In such a case, the presence of the gentile renders the *eiruv* ineffective. However, if only one Jew lives there, the gentile does not render it prohibited for him to carry in the courtyard.


###### Eruvin 61b:13
[Eruvin 61b:13](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/61b:13)

אָמַר רַבָּן גַּמְלִיאֵל: מַעֲשֶׂה בְּצַדּוּקִי אֶחָד שֶׁהָיָה דָּר עִמָּנוּ בְּמָבוֹי בִּירוּשָׁלַיִם, וְאָמַר לָנוּ אַבָּא: מַהֲרוּ וְהוֹצִיאוּ אֶת הַכֵּלִים לַמָּבוֹי, עַד שֶׁלֹּא יוֹצִיא וְיֶאֱסֹר עֲלֵיכֶם.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rabban Gamliel said:** There was **an incident involving a certain Sadducee who lived with us in** the same **alleyway in Jerusalem,** who renounced his rights to the alleyway before Shabbat. **And Father said to us: Hurry and take out** your **utensils to the alleyway** to establish possession of it, **before he** changes his mind and **takes out** his own utensils so as to reclaim his rights, in which case **he would render it prohibited for you to** use the entire alleyway.


###### Eruvin 61b:14
[Eruvin 61b:14](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/61b:14)

רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר: בְּלָשׁוֹן אַחֵר — מַהֲרוּ וַעֲשׂוּ צׇרְכֵיכֶם בַּמָּבוֹי, עַד שֶׁלֹּא יוֹצִיא וְיֶאֱסֹר עֲלֵיכֶם.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rabbi Yehuda says:** Rabban Gamliel’s father spoke to them **with a different formulation,** saying: **Hurry and do** whatever **you must do in the alleyway** prior to Shabbat, **before he takes out** his utensils **and renders it prohibited for you to** use the alleyway. In other words, you may not bring out utensils to the alleyway at all on Shabbat, as the institution of an *eiruv* cannot be used in the neighborhood of a Sadducee. This is because, even if he renounced his rights to the alleyway, he can always retract and reclaim them.