## Eruvin Daf 65b

###### Eruvin 65b:1
[Eruvin 65b:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/65b:1)

אִי נִשְׁפָּךְ בְּבֵיתוֹ כַּמַּיִם — אִיכָּא בְּרָכָה, וְאִי לָא — לָא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
This teaches that **if** wine **flows in** a person’s **house like water, there is a blessing, but if not,** there is **no** blessing.


###### Eruvin 65b:2
[Eruvin 65b:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/65b:2)

אָמַר רַבִּי אִילְעַאי, בִּשְׁלֹשָׁה דְּבָרִים אָדָם נִיכָּר: בְּכוֹסוֹ, וּבְכִיסוֹ וּבְכַעְסוֹ. וְאָמְרִי לֵיהּ אַף בְּשַׂחֲקוֹ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rabbi Elai said: In three matters a person’s** true character is **ascertained; in his cup,** i.e., his behavior when he drinks; **in his pocket,** i.e., his conduct in his financial dealings with other people; **and in his anger. And some say:** A person **also** reveals his real nature **in his laughter.**


###### Eruvin 65b:3
[Eruvin 65b:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/65b:3)

אָמַר רַב יְהוּדָה אָמַר רַב: יִשְׂרָאֵל וְגוֹי בַּפְּנִימִית, וְיִשְׂרָאֵל בַּחִיצוֹנָה. בָּא מַעֲשֶׂה לִפְנֵי רַבִּי, וְאָסַר, וְלִפְנֵי רַבִּי חִיָּיא, וְאָסַר.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara returns to the topic of *eiruvin*: **Rav Yehuda said** that **Rav said:** It once happened that there were two courtyards, one within the other, with **a Jew and a gentile** living in the **inner** courtyard, **while** a single **Jew** lived **in the outer one.** The **case came before Rabbi** Yehuda HaNasi for a decision as to whether carrying in the outer courtyard could be permitted without renting from the gentile, **and he prohibited** it. The case then came before **Rabbi Ḥiyya, and he** too **prohibited** it.


###### Eruvin 65b:4
[Eruvin 65b:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/65b:4)

יְתוּב רַבָּה וְרַב יוֹסֵף בְּשִׁילְהֵי פִּירְקֵיהּ דְּרַב שֵׁשֶׁת, וְיָתֵיב רַב שֵׁשֶׁת וְקָאָמַר: כְּמַאן אַמְרַהּ רַב לִשְׁמַעְתֵּיהּ, כְּרַבִּי מֵאִיר. כַּרְכֵּישׁ רַבָּה רֵישֵׁיהּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rabba and Rav Yosef were sitting at the end of Rav Sheshet’s lecture, and Rav Sheshet sat and said: In accordance with whose** opinion **did Rav say** this **ruling of his,** with regard to the residents of two courtyards? It was **in accordance with** the opinion of **Rabbi Meir,** who maintains that a gentile renders it prohibited for even a single Jew who resides with him to carry in the courtyard, and therefore it is necessary for the Jew to rent from him. **Rabba nodded his head** in agreement with this explanation.


###### Eruvin 65b:5
[Eruvin 65b:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/65b:5)

אָמַר רַב יוֹסֵף: תְּרֵי גַּבְרֵי רַבְרְבֵי כְּרַבָּנַן לִיטְעוֹ בְּהַאי מִילְּתָא? אִי כְּרַבִּי מֵאִיר, לְמָה לִי יִשְׂרָאֵל בַּחִיצוֹנָה?

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Yosef said: Would two great men like** these **Sages,** Rabba and Rav Sheshet, **err in such a matter? If** this ruling is **in accordance with** the opinion of **Rabbi Meir, why do I** need to state that there is **a Jew in the outer** courtyard? According to Rabbi Meir, even a single Jew who resides with a gentile may not carry in his courtyard, whether or not another Jew is present.


###### Eruvin 65b:6
[Eruvin 65b:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/65b:6)

וְכִי תֵּימָא, מַעֲשֶׂה שֶׁהָיָה כָּךְ הָיָה, וְהָא בְּעוֹ מִינֵּיהּ מֵרַב: פְּנִימִי בִּמְקוֹמוֹ מַהוּ? וְאָמַר לָהֶן: מוּתָּר.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And** even **if you say** that indeed this is the *halakha*, that the Jew in the outer courtyard is of no consequence, and that he is only mentioned because **the incident that took place, took place in this way,** and those who came to ask the question provided all the details without knowing whether they were relevant, this is still difficult. **Wasn’t a dilemma raised before Rav** himself with regard to this very issue: **What is** the *halakha* governing a Jew living in **the inner** courtyard **with regard to his** own **place?** Can he carry in the inner courtyard? **And he said to them: It is permitted** for him to carry there. Therefore, according to Rav, a gentile does not render it prohibited for a single Jew to carry, which is actually contrary to Rabbi Meir’s opinion.


###### Eruvin 65b:7
[Eruvin 65b:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/65b:7)

וְאֶלָּא מַאי, כְּרַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר בֶּן יַעֲקֹב? הָאָמַר: עַד שֶׁיְּהוּ שְׁנֵי יִשְׂרְאֵלִים אוֹסְרִין זֶה עַל זֶה!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara raises a difficulty: **Rather, what** else can you say? Can you say that he ruled **in accordance with** the opinion of **Rabbi Eliezer ben Ya’akov? Didn’t** Rabbi Eliezer ben Ya’akov **say:** The gentile does not render it prohibited to carry **unless there are two Jews** living in the same courtyard who themselves render it **prohibited for one another** to carry without an *eiruv*? In this case they do not render it prohibited for each other to carry without an *eiruv*, as they do not live in the same courtyard.


###### Eruvin 65b:8
[Eruvin 65b:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/65b:8)

אֶלָּא כְּרַבִּי עֲקִיבָא, דְּאָמַר: רֶגֶל הַמּוּתֶּרֶת בִּמְקוֹמָהּ — אוֹסֶרֶת שֶׁלֹּא בִּמְקוֹמָהּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rather,** you might say that he ruled **in accordance with** the opinion of **Rabbi Akiva, who said:** The **foot** of one **who is permitted in his** own **place** nonetheless **renders it prohibited not in its** own **place.** The Jew in the inner courtyard is permitted to carry in his own courtyard. However, in order to leave his courtyard, he passes through the outer one, in which it is prohibited for him to carry. Therefore, he renders it prohibited for the resident of the outer courtyard as well.


###### Eruvin 65b:9
[Eruvin 65b:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/65b:9)

לְמָה לִי גּוֹי? אֲפִילּוּ יִשְׂרָאֵל נָמֵי!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
But if that is the case, the following difficulty arises: According to this opinion, **why do I** need **a gentile** in the inner courtyard? **The** single **Jew** living in the inner courtyard **would also** suffice to render it prohibited for the resident of the outer courtyard to carry in his own courtyard, even if no gentiles were present at all.


###### Eruvin 65b:10
[Eruvin 65b:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/65b:10)

אָמַר רַב הוּנָא בְּרֵיהּ דְּרַב יְהוֹשֻׁעַ: לְעוֹלָם כְּרַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר בֶּן יַעֲקֹב, וּכְרַבִּי עֲקִיבָא, וְהָכָא בְּמַאי עָסְקִינַן? כְּגוֹן שֶׁעֵירְבוּ, וְטַעְמָא דְּאִיכָּא גּוֹי דַּאֲסִיר, אֲבָל לֵיכָּא גּוֹי לָא אֲסִיר.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Huna, son of Rav Yehoshua, said** that Rav’s ruling should be understood as follows: **Actually,** Rav ruled **in accordance with** the opinion of **Rabbi Eliezer ben Ya’akov** with regard to a gentile, **and in accordance with** the opinion of **Rabbi Akiva** with regard to a foot that renders it prohibited to carry. **And with what we are dealing here?** This is a case **where** the two Jews **established an *eiruv*** with one another. **And the reason** that Rav prohibited carrying in the outer courtyard is **that there is a gentile who renders it prohibited** to carry, **but** if **there is no gentile, it is not prohibited,** as the Jews established an *eiruv* with one another, and therefore they are permitted to carry.


###### Eruvin 65b:11
[Eruvin 65b:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/65b:11)

בְּעָא מִינֵּיהּ רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר מֵרַב: יִשְׂרָאֵל וְגוֹי בַּחִיצוֹנָה וְיִשְׂרָאֵל בַּפְּנִימִית מַהוּ? הָתָם טַעְמָא מִשּׁוּם דִּשְׁכִיחַ דְּדָיַיר, דְּמִירְתַת גּוֹי, וְסָבַר: הַשְׁתָּא אָתֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וְאָמַר לִי: יִשְׂרָאֵל דַּהֲוָה גַּבָּךְ הֵיכָא?

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara relates that **Rabbi Eliezer raised a dilemma before Rav** as follows: If **a Jew and a gentile** live together **in the outer** courtyard, **and a Jew** lives alone **in the inner one, what is** the *halakha*? May they carry in the outer courtyard without renting from the gentile? One could argue as follows: **There,** in the case where the Jew and the gentile share the inner courtyard, **the reason** the Sages prohibited carrying is **because it is common** for a Jew and a gentile **to live** together in such a fashion. Ordinarily a single Jew would not live together in the same courtyard as a gentile, for fear that the gentile might kill him. However, here, the Jew living in the inner courtyard believes **that** the **gentile would be afraid** to kill him, **as** the gentile **thinks** to himself: **Now,** were I to kill my neighbor, the **Jew** living in the outer courtyard **might come and say to me:** The **Jew who used to** live **by you, where is** he? The gentile would not be able to offer as an excuse that the Jew left, for the other Jew from the outer courtyard would know whether or not he passed through his courtyard. Therefore, since that living arrangement is common, the decree applies, and the gentile’s residence in the courtyard renders it prohibited to carry there.


###### Eruvin 65b:12
[Eruvin 65b:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/65b:12)

אֲבָל הָכָא, אָמֵינָא לֵיהּ: נְפַק אֲזַל לֵיהּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**However, here,** where the gentile lives in the outer courtyard, he is not afraid of killing his Jewish neighbor, as he says to himself: If the other Jew comes to question me, **I will say to him: He went out** and **went** on **his** way; I do not know where he went. In this case, the gentile would not be concerned that the Jew from the inner courtyard might question his story. Since it is uncommon for a Jew and a gentile to live together in such a fashion, the Sages did not issue a decree that the gentile’s residence renders the courtyard prohibited for carrying.


###### Eruvin 65b:13
[Eruvin 65b:13](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/65b:13)

אוֹ דִילְמָא, הָכָא נָמֵי מִירְתַת, דְּסָבַר: הַשְׁתָּא אָתֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וְחָזֵי לִי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Or perhaps** one would say that **here, too,** the gentile **would be afraid** to kill his Jewish neighbor, **as he thinks** to himself: **Now,** were I to kill my neighbor, **the Jew** living in the inner courtyard **might come** at any moment **and see me** in the act of killing his friend. Since the gentile does not know when the resident of the inner courtyard will pass through the outer courtyard, there is a chance his crime might be witnessed. In that case, it would not be uncommon for a Jew and a gentile to live together in such a fashion, and the Sages’ decree that the gentile’s residence renders carrying prohibited would apply.


###### Eruvin 65b:14
[Eruvin 65b:14](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/65b:14)

אֲמַר לֵיהּ: ״תֵּן לְחָכָם וְיֶחְכַּם עוֹד״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Rav **said to** Rabbi Eliezer the following verse: **“Give to a wise man, and he will be yet wiser”** (Proverbs 9:9), i.e., it is proper to be stringent even in such a case. Consequently, carrying is prohibited in the outer courtyard unless the Jews rent from the gentile.


###### Eruvin 65b:15
[Eruvin 65b:15](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/65b:15)

רֵישׁ לָקִישׁ וְתַלְמִידֵי דְּרַבִּי חֲנִינָא אִיקְּלַעוּ לְהָהוּא פּוּנְדָּק, וְלָא הֲוָה שׂוֹכֵר, וַהֲוָה מַשְׂכִּיר.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara relates that **Reish Lakish and the students of Rabbi Ḥanina happened** to come on Shabbat **to a certain inn** that had at least three permanent residents, two Jews and a gentile who rented their quarters from the gentile innkeeper. Although **the** gentile **tenant was not** present on that Shabbat, the gentile **landlord was** present. Concerned that the gentile tenant might return during Shabbat and render it prohibited for them to carry, Rabbi Ḥanina’s students wondered whether the gentile landlord can rent out the gentile’s room again for the purpose of an *eiruv*.


###### Eruvin 65b:16
[Eruvin 65b:16](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/65b:16)

אֲמַרוּ: מַהוּ לְמֵיגַר מִינֵּיהּ? כֹּל הֵיכָא דְּלָא מָצֵי מְסַלֵּיק לֵיהּ — לָא תִּיבְּעֵי לָךְ דְּלָא אָגְרִינָא. כִּי תִּיבְּעֵי — הֵיכָא דְּמָצֵי מְסַלֵּיק לֵיהּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**They said: What is** the *halakha* with regard **to renting from him?** The Gemara clarifies: **Anywhere that** the landlord **cannot remove** the tenant, **you** need **not raise the dilemma, for they** clearly **cannot rent** it from him. If the landlord is unable to expel the tenant, the residence temporarily belongs completely to the tenant, and only he can rent it out. **Where you** need to **raise the dilemma** is with regard to a situation **where he can remove him.**


###### Eruvin 65b:17
[Eruvin 65b:17](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/65b:17)

מַאי? כֵּיוָן דְּמָצֵי מְסַלֵּיק — אָגְרִינָא. אוֹ דִילְמָא, הַשְׁתָּא מִיהָא הָא לָא סַלְּקֵיהּ?

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**What is** the *halakha*? Does one say that **since** the landlord **can remove** the tenant, **they can rent** the residence from him, as the landlord retains a measure of control over it, and therefore he can rent it out again for the purpose of an *eiruv*? **Or perhaps now, in any case he has not** actually **removed him,** which means the residence is still entirely under the tenant’s jurisdiction?


###### Eruvin 65b:18
[Eruvin 65b:18](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/65b:18)

אָמַר לָהֶן רֵישׁ לָקִישׁ: נִשְׂכּוֹר, וְלִכְשֶׁנַּגִּיעַ אֵצֶל רַבּוֹתֵינוּ שֶׁבַּדָּרוֹם, נִשְׁאַל לָהֶן. אֲתוֹ שַׁיַּילּוּ לְרַבִּי אַפָּס, אָמַר לָהֶן: יָפֶה עֲשִׂיתֶם שֶׁשְּׂכַרְתֶּם.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Reish Lakish said to them: Let us rent** it now, as the principle is that one may act leniently in a case of doubt involving a rabbinic prohibition, **and when we arrive at our Sages in the South we shall ask them** whether we acted properly. Later **they came and asked Rabbi Afes,** who **said to them: You acted well when you rented** it from the landlord.


###### Eruvin 65b:19
[Eruvin 65b:19](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/65b:19)

רַבִּי חֲנִינָא בַּר יוֹסֵף וְרַבִּי חִיָּיא בַּר אַבָּא וְרַבִּי אַסִּי אִיקְּלַעוּ לְהָהוּא פּוּנְדָּק דַּאֲתָא גּוֹי מָרֵי דְפוּנְדָּק בְּשַׁבְּתָא. אֲמַרוּ: מַהוּ לְמֵיגַר מִינֵּיהּ? שׂוֹכֵר כִּמְעָרֵב דָּמֵי — מָה מְעָרֵב מִבְּעוֹד יוֹם, אַף שׂוֹכֵר מִבְּעוֹד יוֹם.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara relates a similar incident: **Rabbi Ḥanina bar Yosef and Rabbi Ḥiyya bar Abba and Rabbi Asi happened** to come **to a certain inn, and the gentile innkeeper,** who was absent when Shabbat began, **came on Shabbat. They said: What is** the *halakha* with regard **to renting from him** now? The Gemara explains the two sides of the question: **Is renting** from a gentile **like making an *eiruv*?** If so, **just as one who establishes an *eiruv*** may do so only **while it is still day, so** too, **one who rents** a gentile’s property must do so **while it is still day.**


###### Eruvin 65b:20
[Eruvin 65b:20](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/65b:20)

אוֹ דִילְמָא שׂוֹכֵר כִּמְבַטֵּל רְשׁוּת דָּמֵי, מָה מְבַטֵּל רְשׁוּת וַאֲפִילּוּ בְּשַׁבָּת, אַף שׂוֹכֵר וַאֲפִילּוּ בְּשַׁבָּת?

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Or perhaps one who rents** from a gentile **is like one who renounces** rights to his **domain; just as one who renounces** rights to his **domain** may do so **even on Shabbat** itself, **so** too, **one who rents** a gentile’s property may do so **even on Shabbat.** In that case, they would be able to rent from the gentile in exchange for something of value, even on Shabbat itself.


###### Eruvin 65b:21
[Eruvin 65b:21](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Eruvin/r/65b:21)

רַבִּי חֲנִינָא בַּר יוֹסֵף אָמַר: נִשְׂכּוֹר, וְרַבִּי אַסִּי אָמַר: לֹא נִשְׂכּוֹר, אֲמַר לְהוּ רַבִּי חִיָּיא בַּר אַבָּא: נִסְמוֹךְ עַל דִּבְרֵי זָקֵן וְנִשְׂכּוֹר. אֲתוֹ שַׁיַּילוּ לֵיהּ לְרַבִּי יוֹחָנָן, אָמַר לָהֶן:

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rabbi Ḥanina bar Yosef said: Let us rent,** while **Rabbi Asi said: Let us not rent. Rabbi Ḥiyya bar Abba said to them: Let us rely** now **on the words of** the **Elder,** Rabbi Ḥanina bar Yosef, **and rent.** Later **they came and asked Rabbi Yoḥanan** about the matter, and **he said to them:**