## Exodus Chapter 31

###### Exodus 31:1
[Exodus 31:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Exodus/r/31:1)

וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר יְהֹוָ֖ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֥ה לֵּאמֹֽר׃

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
Adonoy spoke to Moshe, saying,

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
And the Lord spoke to Moshe, saying,

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
And the L-rd spoke to Moses, saying:


###### Exodus 31:2
[Exodus 31:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Exodus/r/31:2)

רְאֵ֖ה קָרָ֣אתִֽי בְשֵׁ֑ם בְּצַלְאֵ֛ל בֶּן־אוּרִ֥י בֶן־ח֖וּר לְמַטֵּ֥ה יְהוּדָֽה׃

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
“I have called by name [designated] Betzalel, son of Uri son of Chur, of the tribe of Yehudah.

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
See, I have called by name Beżal᾽el the son of Uri, the son of Ḥur, of the tribe of Yehuda:

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
See, I have called by name [to do My work] Betzalel the son of Uri the son of Chur of the tribe of Judah.


###### Exodus 31:3
[Exodus 31:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Exodus/r/31:3)

וָאֲמַלֵּ֥א אֹת֖וֹ ר֣וּחַ אֱלֹהִ֑ים בְּחׇכְמָ֛ה וּבִתְבוּנָ֥ה וּבְדַ֖עַת וּבְכׇל־מְלָאכָֽה׃

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
I have filled him with Divine spirit, with wisdom, with understanding, with knowledge, and with [the skill to perform] all types of crafting,

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
and I have filled him with the spirit of God, in wisdom, and in understanding, and in knowledge, and in all manner of workmanship,

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
And I have filled him with the spirit of G-d, with wisdom [to learn from others], with understanding [to learn from what he has learned], with knowledge [the holy spirit], and with (skill in) all work.


###### Exodus 31:4
[Exodus 31:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Exodus/r/31:4)

לַחְשֹׁ֖ב מַחֲשָׁבֹ֑ת לַעֲשׂ֛וֹת בַּזָּהָ֥ב וּבַכֶּ֖סֶף וּבַנְּחֹֽשֶׁת׃

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
to devise plans to work in gold, in silver, and in copper,

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
to contrive works of art, to work in gold, and in silver, and in brass,

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
To do [the] artistic work [of a weaver], to work in gold, silver, and copper.


###### Exodus 31:5
[Exodus 31:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Exodus/r/31:5)

וּבַחֲרֹ֥שֶׁת אֶ֛בֶן לְמַלֹּ֖את וּבַחֲרֹ֣שֶׁת עֵ֑ץ לַעֲשׂ֖וֹת בְּכׇל־מְלָאכָֽה׃

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
to cut stones for setting, to carve wood, and to work in all types of crafting.

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
and in cutting of stones, to set them, and in carving of timber, to work in all manner of workmanship.

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
And in stone work, to fill [the stone into its setting], and in wood work, to do all (kinds of) work.


###### Exodus 31:6
[Exodus 31:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Exodus/r/31:6)

וַאֲנִ֞י הִנֵּ֧ה נָתַ֣תִּי אִתּ֗וֹ אֵ֣ת אׇהֳלִיאָ֞ב בֶּן־אֲחִֽיסָמָךְ֙ לְמַטֵּה־דָ֔ן וּבְלֵ֥ב כׇּל־חֲכַם־לֵ֖ב נָתַ֣תִּי חׇכְמָ֑ה וְעָשׂ֕וּ אֵ֖ת כׇּל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר צִוִּיתִֽךָ׃

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
And behold, I have appointed [to serve] with him, Oholiav, son of Achisamach of the tribe of Don. In the heart of every wise-hearted person I have placed wisdom, so they can make all that I have commanded:

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
And I, behold, I have given with him Oholi᾽av, the son of Aĥisamakh, of the tribe of Dan: and in the hearts of all that are wise hearted I have put wisdom, that they may make all that I have commanded thee;

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
And I, behold, I have placed with him Ahaliav the son of Achisamach of the tribe of Dan. And in the heart of all the wise of heart [who are among you] I have placed wisdom, and they shall make all that I have commanded you:


###### Exodus 31:7
[Exodus 31:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Exodus/r/31:7)

אֵ֣ת**׀** אֹ֣הֶל מוֹעֵ֗ד וְאֶת־הָֽאָרֹן֙ לָֽעֵדֻ֔ת וְאֶת־הַכַּפֹּ֖רֶת אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָלָ֑יו וְאֵ֖ת כׇּל־כְּלֵ֥י הָאֹֽהֶל׃

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
the Tent of Meeting, the Ark for the Testimony, the [Ark] Cover that is to be placed on it, and all the vessels [furniture] of the Tent:

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
the Tent of Meeting, and the ark of the Testimony, and the covering that is on it, and all the furniture of the Tent,

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
The tent of meeting and the ark for the [tablets of the] testimony, and the lid that is on it and all the implements of the tent.


###### Exodus 31:8
[Exodus 31:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Exodus/r/31:8)

וְאֶת־הַשֻּׁלְחָן֙ וְאֶת־כֵּלָ֔יו וְאֶת־הַמְּנֹרָ֥ה הַטְּהֹרָ֖ה וְאֶת־כׇּל־כֵּלֶ֑יהָ וְאֵ֖ת מִזְבַּ֥ח הַקְּטֹֽרֶת׃

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
the Table and its vessels, The pure [gold] Menorah, and all its vessels, and the Incense Altar,

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
and the table and its furniture, and the pure candlestick with all its furniture, and the altar of incense,

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
And the table and its implements, and the menorah [made of] pure [gold], and all its implements, and the incense altar.


###### Exodus 31:9
[Exodus 31:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Exodus/r/31:9)

וְאֶת־מִזְבַּ֥ח הָעֹלָ֖ה וְאֶת־כׇּל־כֵּלָ֑יו וְאֶת־הַכִּיּ֖וֹר וְאֶת־כַּנּֽוֹ׃

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
the Burnt—offering Altar, and all its vessels, the Wash Basin and its base.

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
and the altar of burnt offering with all its furniture, and the laver and its pedestal,

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
And the burnt-offering altar and all its implements, and the kiyyor, and its pedestal.


###### Exodus 31:10
[Exodus 31:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Exodus/r/31:10)

וְאֵ֖ת בִּגְדֵ֣י הַשְּׂרָ֑ד וְאֶת־בִּגְדֵ֤י הַקֹּ֙דֶשׁ֙ לְאַהֲרֹ֣ן הַכֹּהֵ֔ן וְאֶת־בִּגְדֵ֥י בָנָ֖יו לְכַהֵֽן׃

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
[They shall also make] garments [coverings] of crochet-work, as well as the sacred garments for Aharon, the kohein, and the garments for his sons to serve [as kohanim,]

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
and the uniforms, and the holy garments for Aharon the priest, and the garments of his sons, to minister in the priest’s office,

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
And the mesh vestments [see Numbers 4] and the consecrated garments of Aaron the Cohein, and the garments of his sons for ministering.


###### Exodus 31:11
[Exodus 31:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Exodus/r/31:11)

וְאֵ֨ת שֶׁ֧מֶן הַמִּשְׁחָ֛ה וְאֶת־קְטֹ֥רֶת הַסַּמִּ֖ים לַקֹּ֑דֶשׁ כְּכֹ֥ל אֲשֶׁר־צִוִּיתִ֖ךָ יַעֲשֽׂוּ׃{פ}

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
[Also] the anointing oil, and the incense of spices for the Holy [Sanctuary,] according to all that I have commanded you,” they shall make.

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
and the anointing oil, and incense of spices for the holy place: according to all that I have commanded thee shall they do.

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
And the anointing oil, and the spice incense for [smoking in the sanctuary, which is] holy. As all that I have commanded you shall they make.


###### Exodus 31:12
[Exodus 31:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Exodus/r/31:12)

וַיֹּ֥אמֶר יְהֹוָ֖ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֥ה לֵּאמֹֽר׃

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
Adonoy said to Moshe, saying,

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
And the Lord spoke to Moshe, saying,

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
And the L-rd said to Moses, saying:


###### Exodus 31:13
[Exodus 31:13](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Exodus/r/31:13)

וְאַתָּ֞ה דַּבֵּ֨ר אֶל־בְּנֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר אַ֥ךְ אֶת־שַׁבְּתֹתַ֖י תִּשְׁמֹ֑רוּ כִּי֩ א֨וֹת הִ֜וא בֵּינִ֤י וּבֵֽינֵיכֶם֙ לְדֹרֹ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם לָדַ֕עַת כִּ֛י אֲנִ֥י יְהֹוָ֖ה מְקַדִּשְׁכֶֽם׃

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
And you speak to the B’nei Yisrael, saying, You must still preserve My Shabbos, for it is a sign between Me and yourselves for your generations to know that I Adonoy am making you holy.

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
Speak also to the children of Yisra᾽el saying, Verily my sabbaths shall you keep: for it is a sign between me and you throughout your generations; that you may know that I am the Lord who sanctifies you.

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
And you, speak to the children of Israel, saying […Even though I commanded you to charge them concerning the work of the mishkan, do not make light of the Sabbath to override it by that work], but [though you be eager and zealous in that work], My Sabbaths shall you keep. For it is a [great] sign between Me and you for your generations [that I chose you, by bequeathing to you My day of rest for your rest], [for the nations] to know that I, the L-rd, sanctify you.


###### Exodus 31:14
[Exodus 31:14](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Exodus/r/31:14)

וּשְׁמַרְתֶּם֙ אֶת־הַשַּׁבָּ֔ת כִּ֛י קֹ֥דֶשׁ הִ֖וא לָכֶ֑ם מְחַֽלְלֶ֙יהָ֙ מ֣וֹת יוּמָ֔ת כִּ֗י כׇּל־הָעֹשֶׂ֥ה בָהּ֙ מְלָאכָ֔ה וְנִכְרְתָ֛ה הַנֶּ֥פֶשׁ הַהִ֖וא מִקֶּ֥רֶב עַמֶּֽיהָ׃

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
You shall [therefore] preserve the Shabbos for it is sacred to you. Anyone who profanes it shall be put to death, for whoever does work on it [Shabbos] shall be cut off [spiritually] from the midst of his people.

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
You shall keep the sabbath therefore; for it is holy to you: everyone that profanes it shall surely be put to death: for whoever does any work on it, that soul shall be cut off from among his people.

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
And you shall keep the Sabbath, for it is holy to you. Those who profane it, [treating it like a weekday] shall be put to death [(if there were witnesses and warning)]. For whoever does work upon it, that soul [(in the absence of warning)] shall be cut off from the midst of its people.


###### Exodus 31:15
[Exodus 31:15](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Exodus/r/31:15)

שֵׁ֣שֶׁת יָמִים֮ יֵעָשֶׂ֣ה מְלָאכָה֒ וּבַיּ֣וֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִ֗י שַׁבַּ֧ת שַׁבָּת֛וֹן קֹ֖דֶשׁ לַיהֹוָ֑ה כׇּל־הָעֹשֶׂ֧ה מְלָאכָ֛ה בְּי֥וֹם הַשַּׁבָּ֖ת מ֥וֹת יוּמָֽת׃

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
You may do work on [the] six days [of the week] but the seventh day is a Shabbos of complete rest, it is sacred to Adonoy. Whoever does work on the day of Shabbos shall be put to death.

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
Six days may work be done; but on the seventh is the sabbath of rest, holy to the Lord: whoever does any work on the sabbath day, he shall surely be put to death.

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
Six days may work be done, and on the seventh day (there shall be) a Sabbath of resting [(not merely casual resting, but complete resting, where all work, even for preparation of food, is forbidden)], holy unto the L-rd, [the keeping of its sanctity being for His name and by His charge.] Whoever does work on the Sabbath day shall be put to death.


###### Exodus 31:16
[Exodus 31:16](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Exodus/r/31:16)

וְשָׁמְר֥וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל אֶת־הַשַּׁבָּ֑ת לַעֲשׂ֧וֹת אֶת־הַשַּׁבָּ֛ת לְדֹרֹתָ֖ם בְּרִ֥ית עוֹלָֽם׃

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
The B’nei Yisrael shall preserve the Shabbos, to maintain the Shabbos for their generations, as an everlasting covenant.

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
Wherefore the children of Yisra᾽el shall keep the sabbath, to observe the sabbath throughout their generations, for a perpetual covenant.

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
And the children of Israel shall keep the Sabbath to observe the Sabbath for their generations, an eternal covenant.


###### Exodus 31:17
[Exodus 31:17](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Exodus/r/31:17)

בֵּינִ֗י וּבֵין֙ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל א֥וֹת הִ֖וא לְעֹלָ֑ם כִּי־שֵׁ֣שֶׁת יָמִ֗ים עָשָׂ֤ה יְהֹוָה֙ אֶת־הַשָּׁמַ֣יִם וְאֶת־הָאָ֔רֶץ וּבַיּוֹם֙ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֔י שָׁבַ֖ת וַיִּנָּפַֽשׁ׃{ס}

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
Between Me and between the B’nei Yisrael it is an everlasting sign; for in six days Adonoy made the heavens and the earth, and on the seventh day, He abstained from work and He rested.”

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
It is a sign between me and the children of Yisra᾽el for ever: for in six days the Lord made heaven and earth, and on the seventh day he rested, and was refreshed.

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
Between Me and the children of Israel it is a sign forever. For six days the L-rd made the heavens and the earth, and on the seventh day He rested and [His spirit] was restored [(G-d using human terms that can be "assimilated by the ear" (of flesh and blood)].


###### Exodus 31:18
[Exodus 31:18](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Exodus/r/31:18)

וַיִּתֵּ֣ן אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֗ה כְּכַלֹּתוֹ֙ לְדַבֵּ֤ר אִתּוֹ֙ בְּהַ֣ר סִינַ֔י שְׁנֵ֖י לֻחֹ֣ת הָעֵדֻ֑ת לֻחֹ֣ת אֶ֔בֶן כְּתֻבִ֖ים בְּאֶצְבַּ֥ע אֱלֹהִֽים׃

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
And He [Adonoy] gave to Moshe—when He finished speaking with him on Mount Sinai—two Tablets of the Testimony. They were stone tablets, written with God’s finger.

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
And he gave to Moshe, when he had made an end of speaking to him upon mount Sinay, two tablets of the Testimony, tablets of stone, written with the finger of God.

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
And He gave to Moses when He finished speaking with him [(the statutes and the judgments in Mishpatim)] on Mount Sinai, the two tablets of the testimony, stone tablets written by the finger of G-d. ["There is no 'earlier' and 'later' in the Torah" (This section is out of chronological order.) The incident of the golden calf preceded the charge to build the mishkan. For on the seventeenth of Tammuz the tablets were broken, and on Yom Kippur the L-rd was reconciled with Israel. And the next day they began donating for the mishkan, which was erected on the first of Nissan.] ("when He finished (kechalotho) speaking with him") ["kechalotho" is written defective (without the vav). The Torah was given to Moses as a gift, as a bride (kallah) is given to a groom, for he could not (in the order of nature) have learned all of it in such a short time.] ("when He finished speaking with him") [Moses heard the halachah first from the L-rd, and then they "reviewed" it together.] ("tablets" — luchoth) ["luchoth" is written defective (without the vav), intimating (in the Hebrew) that the tablets were identical.]