## Genesis Chapter 38

###### Genesis 38:1
[Genesis 38:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Genesis/r/38:1)

וַֽיְהִי֙ בָּעֵ֣ת הַהִ֔וא וַיֵּ֥רֶד יְהוּדָ֖ה מֵאֵ֣ת אֶחָ֑יו וַיֵּ֛ט עַד־אִ֥ישׁ עֲדֻלָּמִ֖י וּשְׁמ֥וֹ חִירָֽה׃

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
And it was at that time, that Yehudah descended from his brothers. He turned away [from them], until [he came to] a man, an Adullamite, whose name was Chirah.

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
And it came to pass at that time, that Yehuda went down from his brothers, and turned in to a certain ῾Adullamite, whose name was Ḥira.

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
And it was at that time that Judah was brought down [from his greatness] by his brothers [(When they beheld their father's grief, they said to him: You told us to sell him; if you had told us to return him, we would have heeded you)], and he turned [away from his brothers] to [partnership with] an Adulamite man by the name of Chirah.


###### Genesis 38:2
[Genesis 38:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Genesis/r/38:2)

וַיַּרְא־שָׁ֧ם יְהוּדָ֛ה בַּת־אִ֥ישׁ כְּנַעֲנִ֖י וּשְׁמ֣וֹ שׁ֑וּעַ וַיִּקָּחֶ֖הָ וַיָּבֹ֥א אֵלֶֽיהָ׃

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
There Yehudah saw the daughter of a Canaanite man whose name was Shu’a. He took her and consummated a marriage with her.

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
And Yehuda saw there a daughter of a certain Kena῾anite, whose name was Shu῾a; and he took her, and went in to her.

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
And Judah saw there the daughter of a merchant by the name of Shua. And he took her and lived with her.


###### Genesis 38:3
[Genesis 38:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Genesis/r/38:3)

וַתַּ֖הַר וַתֵּ֣לֶד בֵּ֑ן וַיִּקְרָ֥א אֶת־שְׁמ֖וֹ עֵֽר׃

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
She conceived and gave birth to a son. He named him Er.

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
And she conceived, and bore a son; and he called his name ῾Er.

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
And she conceived and she bore a son and he called his name Er.


###### Genesis 38:4
[Genesis 38:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Genesis/r/38:4)

וַתַּ֥הַר ע֖וֹד וַתֵּ֣לֶד בֵּ֑ן וַתִּקְרָ֥א אֶת־שְׁמ֖וֹ אוֹנָֽן׃

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
She conceived again and gave birth to a son. She named him Onan.

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
And she conceived again, and bore a son; and she called his name Onan.

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
And she conceived again and she bore a son and she called his name Onan.


###### Genesis 38:5
[Genesis 38:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Genesis/r/38:5)

וַתֹּ֤סֶף עוֹד֙ וַתֵּ֣לֶד בֵּ֔ן וַתִּקְרָ֥א אֶת־שְׁמ֖וֹ שֵׁלָ֑ה וְהָיָ֥ה בִכְזִ֖יב בְּלִדְתָּ֥הּ אֹתֽוֹ׃

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
She conceived once again and gave birth to a son. She named him Sheilah. He [Yehudah] was in Keziv when she gave birth to him.

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
And she yet again conceived, and bore a son; and called his name Shela: and he was at Keziv, when she bore him.

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
And she again bore a son and she called him Shelah. And he was in Keziv ["cessation" (from bearing)] when she bore him.


###### Genesis 38:6
[Genesis 38:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Genesis/r/38:6)

וַיִּקַּ֧ח יְהוּדָ֛ה אִשָּׁ֖ה לְעֵ֣ר בְּכוֹר֑וֹ וּשְׁמָ֖הּ תָּמָֽר׃

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
Yehudah took a wife for Er, his firstborn, and her name was Tamar.

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
And Yehuda took a wife for ῾Er his firstborn, whose name was Tamar.

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
And Judah took a wife for Er, his first-born, whose name was Tamar.


###### Genesis 38:7
[Genesis 38:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Genesis/r/38:7)

וַיְהִ֗י עֵ֚ר בְּכ֣וֹר יְהוּדָ֔ה רַ֖ע בְּעֵינֵ֣י יְהֹוָ֑ה וַיְמִתֵ֖הוּ יְהֹוָֽה׃

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
Er, Yehudah’s firstborn was wicked in the eyes of Adonoy, and Adonoy put him to death.

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
And ῾Er, Yehuda’s firstborn, was wicked in the sight of the Lord; and the Lord slew him.

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
And Er, the first-born of Judah, was evil in the eyes of the L rd, [destroying his seed to preserve his wife's beauty], and the L rd killed him.


###### Genesis 38:8
[Genesis 38:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Genesis/r/38:8)

וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוּדָה֙ לְאוֹנָ֔ן בֹּ֛א אֶל־אֵ֥שֶׁת אָחִ֖יךָ וְיַבֵּ֣ם אֹתָ֑הּ וְהָקֵ֥ם זֶ֖רַע לְאָחִֽיךָ׃

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
Yehudah said to Onan, Consummate marriage with your brother’s wife, and fulfill the yibum rite with her, and establish seed for your brother.

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
And Yehuda said to Onan, Go in to thy brother’s wife, and perform the duty of a brother in law, and raise up seed to thy brother.

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
And Judah said to Onan: Come to your brother's wife and take her in levirate marriage, and establish seed for your brother, [the son being called by the latter's name].


###### Genesis 38:9
[Genesis 38:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Genesis/r/38:9)

וַיֵּ֣דַע אוֹנָ֔ן כִּ֛י לֹּ֥א ל֖וֹ יִהְיֶ֣ה הַזָּ֑רַע וְהָיָ֞ה אִם־בָּ֨א אֶל־אֵ֤שֶׁת אָחִיו֙ וְשִׁחֵ֣ת אַ֔רְצָה לְבִלְתִּ֥י נְתׇן־זֶ֖רַע לְאָחִֽיו׃

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
Onan knew that the descendants would not be his. Whenever he cohabited with his brother’s wife, he let it go to waste on the ground, in order not to give progeny to his brother.

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
And Onan knew that the seed would not be his; and it came to pass, when he went in to his brother’s wife, that he spilled it on the ground, lest he should give seed to his brother.

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
And Onan knew that not his would be the seed. And it was, when he came to his brother's wife, that he destroyed [the seed] to the ground ["threshing within and winnowing without"], not to give seed to his brother.


###### Genesis 38:10
[Genesis 38:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Genesis/r/38:10)

וַיֵּ֛רַע בְּעֵינֵ֥י יְהֹוָ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשָׂ֑ה וַיָּ֖מֶת גַּם־אֹתֽוֹ׃

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
What he did was evil in the eyes of Adonoy, and He also put him to death.

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
And the thing which he did displeased the Lord: So He slew him also.

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
And it was evil in the eyes of the L rd what he had done, and He killed him too.


###### Genesis 38:11
[Genesis 38:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Genesis/r/38:11)

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהוּדָה֩ לְתָמָ֨ר כַּלָּת֜וֹ שְׁבִ֧י אַלְמָנָ֣ה בֵית־אָבִ֗יךְ עַד־יִגְדַּל֙ שֵׁלָ֣ה בְנִ֔י כִּ֣י אָמַ֔ר פֶּן־יָמ֥וּת גַּם־ה֖וּא כְּאֶחָ֑יו וַתֵּ֣לֶךְ תָּמָ֔ר וַתֵּ֖שֶׁב בֵּ֥ית אָבִֽיהָ׃

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
Yehudah said to Tamar, his daughter-in-law, Live as a widow in your father’s house until my son Sheilah is of age. He said, Lest he also die like his brothers. Tamar went and lived in her father’s house.

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
Then said Yehuda to Tamar his daughter in law, Remain a widow at thy father’s home, till Shela my son be grown: for he said, Lest perchance he die also, as his brothers did. And Tamar went and dwelt in her father’s house.

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
And Judah said to Tamar his daughter-in-law [as a pretext for not giving Shelah to her]: Remain a widow in your father's house until Shelah my son grows up. For he said (to himself): Lest he, too, die as his brothers. And Tamar went and she sat in her father's house.


###### Genesis 38:12
[Genesis 38:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Genesis/r/38:12)

וַיִּרְבּוּ֙ הַיָּמִ֔ים וַתָּ֖מׇת בַּת־שׁ֣וּעַ אֵֽשֶׁת־יְהוּדָ֑ה וַיִּנָּ֣חֶם יְהוּדָ֗ה וַיַּ֜עַל עַל־גֹּֽזְזֵ֤י צֹאנוֹ֙ ה֗וּא וְחִירָ֛ה רֵעֵ֥הוּ הָעֲדֻלָּמִ֖י תִּמְנָֽתָה׃

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
Many days passed, and Shu’a’s daughter, the wife of Yehudah died. Yehudah sought consolation, and went up to his sheep-shearers—he and his friend, Chirah the Adullamite—to Timnah.

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
And in process of time the daughter of Shu῾a Yehuda’s wife died; and when Yehuda was comforted, he went up to his sheep shearers to Timna, he and his friend Ḥira the ῾Adullamite.

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
And in the course of time, the daughter of Shua, Judah's wife, died. And Judah was consoled and he went up to [supervise] his sheep shearers, he and Chirah his companion, the Adulamite, to Timnah.


###### Genesis 38:13
[Genesis 38:13](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Genesis/r/38:13)

וַיֻּגַּ֥ד לְתָמָ֖ר לֵאמֹ֑ר הִנֵּ֥ה חָמִ֛יךְ עֹלֶ֥ה תִמְנָ֖תָה לָגֹ֥ז צֹאנֽוֹ׃

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
Tamar was told, Behold your father-in-law has come to Timnah, to shear his sheep.

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
And it was told Tamar, saying, Behold thy father in law goes up to Timna to shear his sheep.

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
And it was told to Tamar, saying: Behold, your father-in-law has gone up to Timnah to shear his sheep.


###### Genesis 38:14
[Genesis 38:14](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Genesis/r/38:14)

וַתָּ֩סַר֩ בִּגְדֵ֨י אַלְמְנוּתָ֜הּ מֵֽעָלֶ֗יהָ וַתְּכַ֤ס בַּצָּעִיף֙ וַתִּתְעַלָּ֔ף וַתֵּ֙שֶׁב֙ בְּפֶ֣תַח עֵינַ֔יִם אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־דֶּ֣רֶךְ תִּמְנָ֑תָה כִּ֤י רָאֲתָה֙ כִּֽי־גָדַ֣ל שֵׁלָ֔ה וְהִ֕וא לֹֽא־נִתְּנָ֥ה ל֖וֹ לְאִשָּֽׁה׃

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
She took off her widow’s garb, covered herself with a veil, and disguised herself. She sat at the crossroads which is on the road to Timnah, for she saw that Sheilah had come of age and she had not been given to him for a wife.

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
And she put off her widow’s garments, and covered herself with a veil, and wrapped herself, and sat by the entrance to ῾Enayim, which is by the way to Timna; for she saw that Shela was grown, and she was not given to him to wife.

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
And she removed her widow's weeds, and she donned a veil and covered her face, and she sat at the crossroads on the way to Timnah. For she saw that Shelah had grown and that she had not been given to him as a wife. [(And Tamar was desirous of perpetuating Judah's line)]


###### Genesis 38:15
[Genesis 38:15](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Genesis/r/38:15)

וַיִּרְאֶ֣הָ יְהוּדָ֔ה וַֽיַּחְשְׁבֶ֖הָ לְזוֹנָ֑ה כִּ֥י כִסְּתָ֖ה פָּנֶֽיהָ׃

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
Yehudah saw her and thought she was a harlot, because she had covered her face.

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
When Yehuda saw her, he thought her to be a harlot; because she had covered her face.

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
And Judah saw her and he thought her to be a harlot, [for she sat at the crossroads], for she had covered her face [that he not be able to recognize her].


###### Genesis 38:16
[Genesis 38:16](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Genesis/r/38:16)

וַיֵּ֨ט אֵלֶ֜יהָ אֶל־הַדֶּ֗רֶךְ וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ הָֽבָה־נָּא֙ אָב֣וֹא אֵלַ֔יִךְ כִּ֚י לֹ֣א יָדַ֔ע כִּ֥י כַלָּת֖וֹ הִ֑וא וַתֹּ֙אמֶר֙ מַה־תִּתֶּן־לִ֔י כִּ֥י תָב֖וֹא אֵלָֽי׃

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
He turned aside to her on the road, and said, Please, let me be with you, for he did not know that she was his daughter-in-law. She said, What will you give me for the privilege of being with me?

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
And he turned to her by the way, and said, Come now, I pray thee, let me come in to thee (for he knew not that she was his daughter in law.) And she said, What wilt thou give me, that thou mayst come in to me?

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
And he detoured to her to the way [on which she sat]. And he said: Ready yourself that I may come to you. (For he did not know that she was his daughter-in-law.) And she said to him: What will you give me for coming to me?


###### Genesis 38:17
[Genesis 38:17](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Genesis/r/38:17)

וַיֹּ֕אמֶר אָנֹכִ֛י אֲשַׁלַּ֥ח גְּדִֽי־עִזִּ֖ים מִן־הַצֹּ֑אן וַתֹּ֕אמֶר אִם־תִּתֵּ֥ן עֵרָב֖וֹן עַ֥ד שׇׁלְחֶֽךָ׃

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
He said, I will send you a kid from the flock. She said, [Only] if you give me some security until you send it.

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
And he said, I will send thee a kid from the flock. And she said, Wilt thou give me a pledge, till thou send it?

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
And he said: I shall send a goat-kid from the flock. And she said: If you give me a pledge until you send it.


###### Genesis 38:18
[Genesis 38:18](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Genesis/r/38:18)

וַיֹּ֗אמֶר מָ֣ה הָעֵֽרָבוֹן֮ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֶתֶּן־לָךְ֒ וַתֹּ֗אמֶר חֹתָֽמְךָ֙ וּפְתִילֶ֔ךָ וּמַטְּךָ֖ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּיָדֶ֑ךָ וַיִּתֶּן־לָ֛הּ וַיָּבֹ֥א אֵלֶ֖יהָ וַתַּ֥הַר לֽוֹ׃

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
He said, What security shall I give you? She said, Your signet ring, your wrap, and your staff that is in your hand. He gave them to her and was with her, and she became pregnant by him.

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
And he said, What pledge shall I give thee? And she said, Thy signet, and thy cord, and thy staff that is in thy hand.

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
And he said: What is the pledge that I shall give you? And she said: Your signet and your cloak and the staff that is in your hand. And he gave it to her and he came to her and she conceived to him [i.e., strong ones like him: righteous ones like him].


###### Genesis 38:19
[Genesis 38:19](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Genesis/r/38:19)

וַתָּ֣קׇם וַתֵּ֔לֶךְ וַתָּ֥סַר צְעִיפָ֖הּ מֵעָלֶ֑יהָ וַתִּלְבַּ֖שׁ בִּגְדֵ֥י אַלְמְנוּתָֽהּ׃

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
She got up and went away. She took off her veil, and put on her widow’s garb.

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
And he gave it her, and came in to her, and she conceived by him. And she arose, and went away, and laid by her veil from her, and put on the garments of her widowhood.

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
And she arose, and she went, and she removed her veil from her, and she donned her widow's garments.


###### Genesis 38:20
[Genesis 38:20](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Genesis/r/38:20)

וַיִּשְׁלַ֨ח יְהוּדָ֜ה אֶת־גְּדִ֣י הָֽעִזִּ֗ים בְּיַד֙ רֵעֵ֣הוּ הָֽעֲדֻלָּמִ֔י לָקַ֥חַת הָעֵרָב֖וֹן מִיַּ֣ד הָאִשָּׁ֑ה וְלֹ֖א מְצָאָֽהּ׃

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
Yehudah sent the goat-kid with his friend the Adullamite, to retrieve the security from the woman, but he could not find her.

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
And Yehuda sent the kid by the hand of his friend the ῾Adullamite, to receive his pledge from the woman’s hand: but he found her not.

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
And Judah sent the goat-kid with his friend the Adulamite to take the pledge from the woman, and he did not find her.


###### Genesis 38:21
[Genesis 38:21](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Genesis/r/38:21)

וַיִּשְׁאַ֞ל אֶת־אַנְשֵׁ֤י מְקֹמָהּ֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר אַיֵּ֧ה הַקְּדֵשָׁ֛ה הִ֥וא בָעֵינַ֖יִם עַל־הַדָּ֑רֶךְ וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ לֹא־הָיְתָ֥ה בָזֶ֖ה קְדֵשָֽׁה׃

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
He asked the men of her place, Where is the harlot that was at the junction, on the road? They said, There was no harlot here.

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
Then he asked the men of that place, saying, Where is the harlot, that was at ῾Enayim by the wayside? And they said, There was no harlot in this place.

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
And he asked the men of her place: Where is the harlot of the crossroads? And they said: There was no harlot here.


###### Genesis 38:22
[Genesis 38:22](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Genesis/r/38:22)

וַיָּ֙שׇׁב֙ אֶל־יְהוּדָ֔ה וַיֹּ֖אמֶר לֹ֣א מְצָאתִ֑יהָ וְגַ֨ם אַנְשֵׁ֤י הַמָּקוֹם֙ אָֽמְר֔וּ לֹא־הָיְתָ֥ה בָזֶ֖ה קְדֵשָֽׁה׃

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
He returned to Yehudah and said, I did not find her, and the men of her place also said that there was no harlot there.

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
And he returned to Yehuda, and said, I cannot find her; and also the men of the place said, There was no harlot in this place.

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
And he returned to Judah and he said: I did not find her, and the men of the place also said: There was no harlot here.


###### Genesis 38:23
[Genesis 38:23](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Genesis/r/38:23)

וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוּדָה֙ תִּֽקַּֽח־לָ֔הּ פֶּ֖ן נִהְיֶ֣ה לָב֑וּז הִנֵּ֤ה שָׁלַ֙חְתִּי֙ הַגְּדִ֣י הַזֶּ֔ה וְאַתָּ֖ה לֹ֥א מְצָאתָֽהּ׃

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
Yehudah said, Let her take it, lest we are humiliated. Behold I sent her this kid, and you could not find her.

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
And Yehuda said, Let her take it to her, lest we be shamed: behold, I sent this kid, and thou hast not found her.

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
And Judah said: Let her take it [what she had], lest we be put to shame [i.e., exposed by our oversolicitous inquiry]. Behold, I sent this kid and you did not find her. [What more could I have done?]


###### Genesis 38:24
[Genesis 38:24](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Genesis/r/38:24)

וַיְהִ֣י**׀** כְּמִשְׁלֹ֣שׁ חֳדָשִׁ֗ים וַיֻּגַּ֨ד לִֽיהוּדָ֤ה לֵאמֹר֙ זָֽנְתָה֙ תָּמָ֣ר כַּלָּתֶ֔ךָ וְגַ֛ם הִנֵּ֥ה הָרָ֖ה לִזְנוּנִ֑ים וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהוּדָ֔ה הוֹצִיא֖וּהָ וְתִשָּׂרֵֽף׃

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
About three months later, Yehudah was told, Tamar, your daughter-in-law, has been promiscuous, moreover, her promiscuity has resulted in pregnancy. Yehudah said, Take her out and let her be burned.

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
And it came to pass about three months after, that it was told Yehuda, saying, Tamar thy daughter in law has played the harlot; and also, behold, she is with child by harlotry. And Yehuda said, Bring her out and let her be burnt.

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
And it was, with the tripling of the months [the greater part of the first, the greater part of the last, and all of the middle] that it was told to Judah: Tamar your daughter-in-law has played the harlot, and she is also pregnant by harlotry. And Judah said: Take her out and let her be burned, [Tamar being the daughter of Shem, a Cohein (see Rashi on 14:18 and Leviticus 21:9)].


###### Genesis 38:25
[Genesis 38:25](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Genesis/r/38:25)

הִ֣וא מוּצֵ֗את וְהִ֨יא שָׁלְחָ֤ה אֶל־חָמִ֙יהָ֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר לְאִישׁ֙ אֲשֶׁר־אֵ֣לֶּה לּ֔וֹ אָנֹכִ֖י הָרָ֑ה וַתֹּ֙אמֶר֙ הַכֶּר־נָ֔א לְמִ֞י הַחֹתֶ֧מֶת וְהַפְּתִילִ֛ים וְהַמַּטֶּ֖ה הָאֵֽלֶּה׃

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
She was being taken out, and she sent [word] to her father-in-law saying, By the man to whom these belong am I pregnant. She said, Please recognize to whom this signet, wrap and staff belong.

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
When she was brought forth, she sent to her father in law, saying, By the man, whose these are, am I with child: and she said, Discern, I pray thee, whose are these, the signet, and the cord, and the staff.

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
As she was being taken out [to be burned], she sent to her father-in-law, saying, I am with child by the man to whom these belong. And she said: Recognize, I pray you, whose are this signet and cloak and staff.


###### Genesis 38:26
[Genesis 38:26](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Genesis/r/38:26)

וַיַּכֵּ֣ר יְהוּדָ֗ה וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ צָֽדְקָ֣ה מִמֶּ֔נִּי כִּֽי־עַל־כֵּ֥ן לֹא־נְתַתִּ֖יהָ לְשֵׁלָ֣ה בְנִ֑י וְלֹֽא־יָסַ֥ף ע֖וֹד לְדַעְתָּֽהּ׃

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
Yehudah recognized them and said, She is righteous, [it is] from me, inasmuch that I did not give her to my son Sheilah. He was not intimate with her any more.

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
And Yehuda acknowledged them, and said, She has been more righteous than I; because I gave her not to Shela my son. And he knew her again no more.

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
And Judah recognized them and he said: She is right. [She is with child] by me. For [she acted] justly [in that] I did not give her to Shelah my son. And he did not live with her again.


###### Genesis 38:27
[Genesis 38:27](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Genesis/r/38:27)

וַיְהִ֖י בְּעֵ֣ת לִדְתָּ֑הּ וְהִנֵּ֥ה תְאוֹמִ֖ים בְּבִטְנָֽהּ׃

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
When the time came for her to give birth, there were twins in her womb.

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
And it came to pass in the time of her travail, that, behold, twins were in her womb.

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
And it was, at the time of her bearing, that, behold, there were twins in her womb.


###### Genesis 38:28
[Genesis 38:28](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Genesis/r/38:28)

וַיְהִ֥י בְלִדְתָּ֖הּ וַיִּתֶּן־יָ֑ד וַתִּקַּ֣ח הַמְיַלֶּ֗דֶת וַתִּקְשֹׁ֨ר עַל־יָד֤וֹ שָׁנִי֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר זֶ֖ה יָצָ֥א רִאשֹׁנָֽה׃

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
As she was giving birth, one of them put out his hand. The midwife took it and tied a scarlet thread on his hand, saying, This one emerged first.

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
And it came to pass, when she travailed, that the one put out his hand: and the midwife took and bound upon his hand a scarlet thread, saying, This came out first.

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
And it was, as she bore, that one put forth his hand. And the midwife took and tied a red string on his hand, saying: This one came out first.


###### Genesis 38:29
[Genesis 38:29](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Genesis/r/38:29)

וַיְהִ֣י**׀** כְּמֵשִׁ֣יב יָד֗וֹ וְהִנֵּה֙ יָצָ֣א אָחִ֔יו וַתֹּ֕אמֶר מַה־פָּרַ֖צְתָּ עָלֶ֣יךָ פָּ֑רֶץ וַיִּקְרָ֥א שְׁמ֖וֹ פָּֽרֶץ׃

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
When he put back his hand, behold his brother emerged, and she said, With what strength you have pushed yourself. He named him Peretz.

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
And it came to pass, as he drew back his hand, that, behold, his brother came out: and she said, Why hast thou made such a breach for thyself? Therefore his name was called Pereż.

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
And it was, when he drew back his hand, that his brother came out. And she said: How you have girded yourself with strength [paretz]! And he called his name Paretz.


###### Genesis 38:30
[Genesis 38:30](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Genesis/r/38:30)

וְאַחַר֙ יָצָ֣א אָחִ֔יו אֲשֶׁ֥ר עַל־יָד֖וֹ הַשָּׁנִ֑י וַיִּקְרָ֥א שְׁמ֖וֹ זָֽרַח׃{ס}

**Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009:**
Then his brother emerged—the one upon whose hand was the scarlet thread. He named him Zorach.

**The Koren Jerusalem Bible:**
And afterward his brother came out, that had the scarlet thread upon his hand: and his name was called Zeraĥ.

**The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein:**
And then his brother came out on whose hand was the [shining] red string. And he called his name Zarach ["shining"].