## Gittin Daf 79b

###### Gittin 79b:1
[Gittin 79b:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Gittin/r/79b:1)

וְהָא דְּאָמַר רַב יְהוּדָה אָמַר שְׁמוּאֵל: לֹא יַעֲמוֹד אָדָם בְּגַג זֶה וְיִקְלוֹט מֵי גְשָׁמִים מִגַּגּוֹ שֶׁל חֲבֵירוֹ, שֶׁכְּשֵׁם שֶׁדִּיּוּרִין חֲלוּקִין מִלְּמַטָּה, כָּךְ דִּיּוּרִין חֲלוּקִין מִלְּמַעְלָה –

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And** the third matter relates to **that which Rav Yehuda says** that **Shmuel says:** On Shabbat **a person should not stand on this roof and collect rainwater from the roof of another** if there is no joining of courtyards. **As just as the residences are separated below, so too, the residences are separated above.** Each residence has a separate domain, and it is forbidden by rabbinic law to transfer an item from a private domain to another private domain if they are not joined. Similarly, despite the fact that the roofs are not totally separated from one another and nobody lives there, each roof is considered to be its own domain.


###### Gittin 79b:2
[Gittin 79b:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Gittin/r/79b:2)

הָנֵי מִילֵּי לְעִנְיַן שַׁבָּת, אֲבָל לְעִנְיַן גֵּט – מִשּׁוּם קְפִידָא הוּא, וְכוּלֵּי הַאי לָא קָפְדִי אִינָשֵׁי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Rava explains: **This matter applies** only **with regard to Shabbat. But with regard to a bill of divorce,** if it fell onto another roof that is adjacent to the roof that he lent her for the purpose of acquiring the bill of divorce, she is divorced. The reason that a woman is usually not divorced when a bill of divorce falls into a different place, even though that place also belongs to her husband, is **due to** the fact that a husband **is particular** and does not want to lend her more than one place; **but people are not particular to that extent,** i.e., in this case the husband would not be particular about allowing her to temporarily use an adjacent rooftop that also belongs to him.


###### Gittin 79b:3
[Gittin 79b:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Gittin/r/79b:3)

אָמַר אַבָּיֵי: שְׁתֵּי חֲצֵרוֹת זוֹ לִפְנִים מִזּוֹ, פְּנִימִית שֶׁלָּהּ וְחִיצוֹנָה שֶׁלּוֹ, וּמְחִיצוֹת הַחִיצוֹנוֹת עוֹדְפוֹת עַל הַפְּנִימִיּוֹת; וּזְרָקוֹ לָהּ; כֵּיוָן שֶׁהִגִּיעַ לַאֲוִיר מְחִיצוֹת הַחִיצוֹנָה – הֲרֵי זוֹ מְגוֹרֶשֶׁת.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ **Abaye says:** If there are **two courtyards** that are configured such that **this** courtyard is **within that** courtyard, and the **inner** courtyard **is hers and** the **outer** courtyard **is his, and** the **partitions** of **the outer** courtyard **extend higher than** the partitions of **the inner** courtyard, **and he threw** a bill of divorce **to her** into her courtyard, **once it reaches the airspace of the partitions of the outer** courtyard, i.e., it reaches the area above the inner courtyard at a height lower than the height of the partitions of the outer courtyard, **she is divorced.**


###### Gittin 79b:4
[Gittin 79b:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Gittin/r/79b:4)

מַאי טַעְמָא? פְּנִימִית גּוּפַהּ – בִּמְחִיצוֹת הַחִיצוֹנָה קָא מִינַּטְרָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**What is the reason** for this? The **inner** courtyard **itself is secured by** the **partitions** of **the outer** courtyard. Therefore, the outer partitions service the inner courtyard as well. If the bill of divorce is secured by being encompassed by the outer partitions, it can be viewed as belonging to the inner courtyard once it reaches its airspace.


###### Gittin 79b:5
[Gittin 79b:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Gittin/r/79b:5)

מַה שֶּׁאֵין כֵּן בְּקוּפּוֹת – שְׁתֵּי קוּפּוֹת זוֹ בְּתוֹךְ זוֹ, פְּנִימִית שֶׁלָּהּ וְחִיצוֹנָה שֶׁלּוֹ; וּזְרָקוֹ לָהּ; אֲפִילּוּ הִגִּיעַ לַאֲוִיר פְּנִימִית – אֵינָהּ מְגוֹרֶשֶׁת.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara comments: **This is not so with regard to baskets.** In a case where there were **two baskets, this** one **within that** one, resting in a domain that does not belong to either of them, and **the inner** basket **is hers and the outer** basket **is his, and he threw** a bill if divorce **to her** into her basket, **even** if the bill of divorce **reached the airspace** of **the inner** basket but was burned or taken before it landed therein, **she is not divorced.**


###### Gittin 79b:6
[Gittin 79b:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Gittin/r/79b:6)

מַאי טַעְמָא? דְּהָא לָא נָח.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**What is the reason** for this? It is **because** the bill of divorce did **not** yet **rest** within the basket, and in this case, the walls of the outer basket do not service the inner basket.


###### Gittin 79b:7
[Gittin 79b:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Gittin/r/79b:7)

וְכִי נָח מַאי הָוֵי? כִּלְיוֹ שֶׁל לוֹקֵחַ בִּרְשׁוּת מוֹכֵר הוּא!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara asks: **And when it rests** within the basket, **what of it?** They **are** like the **vessels of a buyer in the domain of the seller,** since her basket is within his basket, which is his domain. She cannot acquire the bill of divorce, despite the fact that it is in her basket, since it is within his domain.


###### Gittin 79b:8
[Gittin 79b:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Gittin/r/79b:8)

הָכָא בְּמַאי עָסְקִינַן – בְּקוּפָּה שֶׁאֵין לָהּ שׁוּלַיִים.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara answers: **With what are we dealing here? With a basket that has no bottom,** and consequently the inner basket is resting on the ground and not inside the outer basket. Therefore, once the bill of divorce lands inside the inner basket, she is indeed divorced.


###### Gittin 79b:9
[Gittin 79b:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Gittin/r/79b:9)

**מַתְנִי׳** בֵּית שַׁמַּאי אוֹמְרִים: פּוֹטֵר אָדָם אִשְׁתּוֹ בְּגֵט יָשָׁן. וּבֵית הִלֵּל אוֹסְרִין. וְאֵיזֶהוּ גֵּט יָשָׁן – כֹּל שֶׁנִּתְיַיחֵד עִמָּהּ מֵאַחַר שֶׁכְּתָבוֹ לָהּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**MISHNA:** **Beit Shammai say: A man may send,** i.e., divorce, **his wife with an outdated bill of divorce, and Beit Hillel prohibit** him from doing so. **And what is an outdated bill of divorce? Any** case **where he was secluded with her after he wrote it for her** and before he gave it to her.


###### Gittin 79b:10
[Gittin 79b:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Gittin/r/79b:10)

**גְּמָ׳** בְּמַאי קָמִיפַּלְגִי? בֵּית שַׁמַּאי סָבְרִי: לָא אָמְרִינַן גְּזֵרָה שֶׁמָּא יֹאמְרוּ גִּיטָּהּ קוֹדֵם לִבְנָהּ;

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**GEMARA:** The Gemara explains: **With regard to what do they disagree? Beit Shammai hold** that **we do not say** that the bill of divorce is not valid due to a rabbinic **decree, lest they say** that receipt of **her bill of divorce precedes** conception of **her son.** If he gives her the bill of divorce long after it was written, she may give birth to children from him in the interim. There is a concern that people will say that she was actually divorced on the date written on the bill of divorce before the children were born, and the children were conceived through licentious sexual intercourse.


###### Gittin 79b:11
[Gittin 79b:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Gittin/r/79b:11)

וּבֵית הִלֵּל סָבְרִי: אָמְרִינַן גְּזֵרָה שֶׁמָּא יֹאמְרוּ גִּיטָּהּ קוֹדֵם לִבְנָהּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And Beit Hillel hold** that **we do say** that this bill of divorce is not valid due to a rabbinic **decree, lest they say** that receipt of **her bill of divorce precedes** conception of **her son.** Consequently, if a woman was secluded with her husband following the writing of the bill of divorce, the bill of divorce is not valid.


###### Gittin 79b:12
[Gittin 79b:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Gittin/r/79b:12)

אָמַר רַבִּי אַבָּא אָמַר שְׁמוּאֵל: אִם נִישֵּׂאת, לֹא תֵּצֵא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rabbi Abba says** that **Shmuel says:** Even according to Beit Hillel, **if** the woman **was married** on the basis of an outdated bill of divorce given to her by her previous husband, who did not ask advice from the rabbis, **she** need **not leave** her second husband. In such a case, this decree is not severe enough to invalidate the bill of divorce.


###### Gittin 79b:13
[Gittin 79b:13](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Gittin/r/79b:13)

וְאִיכָּא דְּאָמְרִי, אָמַר רַבִּי אַבָּא אָמַר שְׁמוּאֵל: אִם נִתְגָּרְשָׁה, תִּינָּשֵׂא לְכַתְּחִלָּה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And there are** those **who say** that **Rabbi Abba says** that **Shmuel says: If she was divorced** with an outdated bill of divorce, this woman can **marry** even ***ab initio*** on the basis of this bill of divorce. There is no requirement for her to wait for her first husband to write her a new bill of divorce.


###### Gittin 79b:14
[Gittin 79b:14](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Gittin/r/79b:14)

**מַתְנִי׳** כָּתַב לְשׁוּם מַלְכוּת שֶׁאֵינָהּ הוֹגֶנֶת; לְשׁוּם מַלְכוּת מָדַי; לְשׁוּם מַלְכוּת יָוָן; לְבִנְיַן הַבַּיִת; לְחוּרְבַּן הַבַּיִת;

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**MISHNA:** If **he wrote** the date on the bill of divorce using a calendrical system that counts years **in the name of a kingdom that is not legitimate,** or he wrote the date **in the name of the kingdom of Media,** or **in the name of the Greek Empire,** after it ceased to exist, or he wrote the date counting **to the building of the Temple,** or counting **to the destruction of the Temple,** in all these case, the bill of divorce is not valid. In the time of the mishna, the local government was particular that documents be dated with the official government date. Therefore, the Sages instituted that this must be done in bills of divorce as well. If one deviates from this practice, the rabbinic dictates of bills of divorce have been violated, and the bill of divorce is invalid.


###### Gittin 79b:15
[Gittin 79b:15](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Gittin/r/79b:15)

הָיָה בַּמִּזְרָח וְכָתַב בַּמַּעֲרָב; בַּמַּעֲרָב וְכָתַב בַּמִּזְרָח – תֵּצֵא מִזֶּה וּמִזֶּה, וּצְרִיכָה גֵּט מִזֶּה וּמִזֶּה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
If **he was in the east and he wrote** the location in the bill of divorce as **in the west,** or if he was **in the west and he wrote** the location in the bill of divorce as **in the east,** the bill of divorce is not valid. If he divorced her with this bill of divorce and she remarried, **she** must **leave** both **this** first husband **and that** second husband, **and she needs a bill of divorce from this** husband **and that** husband.


###### Gittin 79b:16
[Gittin 79b:16](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Gittin/r/79b:16)

וְאֵין לָהּ לֹא כְּתוּבָּה וְלֹא פֵּירוֹת וְלֹא מְזוֹנוֹת וְלֹא בְּלָאוֹת – לֹא עַל זֶה, וְלֹא עַל זֶה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And she does not receive** payment of her **marriage contract, and not** the **profits** from her properties that her husband consumed, **and** she does **not** have a claim to receive **sustenance, and** she does **not** have a claim to **worn clothes** that belonged to her, but which her husband used. She cannot demand these items, **not of this** husband **and not of that** husband.


###### Gittin 79b:17
[Gittin 79b:17](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Gittin/r/79b:17)

אִם נָטְלָה מִזֶּה וּמִזֶּה – תַּחְזִיר. וְהַוָּלָד מַמְזֵר מִזֶּה וּמִזֶּה. וְלֹא זֶה וָזֶה מְטַמְּאִין לָהּ, וְלֹא זֶה וָזֶה זַכָּאִין – לֹא בִּמְצִיאָתָהּ וְלֹא בְּמַעֲשֵׂה יָדֶיהָ וְלֹא בַּהֲפָרַת נְדָרֶיהָ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**If she took** any of these items **from this** husband **or from that** husband, **she** must **return** what was taken. **And the child** that was born **from this** husband **or from that** husband that was conceived after she married the second husband is a **son born from an adulterous relationship [*mamzer*]. And neither this** husband **nor that** husband, if they are priests, is permitted to **become ritually impure by her** when she dies, which a husband may ordinarily do for his wife. **And neither this** husband **nor that** husband **have the rights to objects she finds, or to her earnings, or to the annulment of her vows.**


###### Gittin 79b:18
[Gittin 79b:18](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Gittin/r/79b:18)

הָיְתָה בַּת יִשְׂרָאֵל – נִפְסֶלֶת מִן הַכְּהוּנָּה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
If **she was an Israelite woman,** then through these two marriages **she** becomes **disqualified from** marrying into the **priesthood,** due to the prohibition against a priest marrying a *zona*.