## Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy Chapter 2 ###### Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:5:1 [Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:5:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Deuteronomy/r/2:5:1) **אל תתגרו בם.** כמו יגרה מדון כענין תנוע' ושבוש: **Ibn Ezra on the Pentateuch; trans. by Jay F. Shachter:** CONTEND NOT WITH THEM. The word *titgaru* (contend) is similar to the word *yigareh* (strife) in *stirreth up strife* (Prov. 28:25). It means to disturb and err.¹ footnotes: ¹ Strife is caused by disturbance and distance from that which is normal. ###### Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:6:1 [Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:6:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Deuteronomy/r/2:6:1) **אכל תשברו מאתם.** אם ירצו למכור וי״‎א כי המלה בתימ' והטעם כי אין להם צורך למאכל ולמשתה אלה השנים שעברו והעד על כן כי ה' אלהיך ברכך: **Ibn Ezra on the Pentateuch; trans. by Jay F. Shachter:** YE SHALL PURCHASE FOOD OF THEM. If they want to sell.² Some say that our clause is to be read as a question. It means that Israel had no need for food and drink in these past years. *For the Lord thy God hath blessed thee* (v. 7) is proof. footnotes: ² We will not demand that they sell food to us. ###### Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:9:1 [Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:9:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Deuteronomy/r/2:9:1) **נתתי את ער.** מואב ויתכן שלקחה סיחון וחזרה למואב באחרונה: **Ibn Ezra on the Pentateuch; trans. by Jay F. Shachter:** I HAVE GIVEN AR. Of Moab.³ It is possible that Sihon took Ar⁴ and that it returned to Maob at the end.⁵ footnotes: ³ Ar is a Moabite city (Num. 21:28). ⁴ As is related in Num. 21:28. ⁵ At the end of the war between Sihon and Moab. I.E. comments thus because our verse speaks of Ar as belonging to the children of Lot, i.e., the Moabites. ###### Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:10:1 [Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:10:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Deuteronomy/r/2:10:1) **האמים.** פירשתיו ספר הכתוב כי מואב לקח ער מיד האמים: **Ibn Ezra on the Pentateuch; trans. by Jay F. Shachter:** THE EMIM. I have previously explained the meaning of Emim.⁶ Scripture tells us that Moab took Ar from the Emim. footnotes: ⁶ See I.E. on Gen. 14:5 (Vol. 1, p. 105). ###### Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:11:1 [Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:11:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Deuteronomy/r/2:11:1) **רפאים.** פירשתיו: **Ibn Ezra on the Pentateuch; trans. by Jay F. Shachter:** REPHAIM. I have previously explained its meaning.⁷ footnotes: ⁷ Ibid. ###### Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:12:1 [Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:12:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Deuteronomy/r/2:12:1) **החורים.** הם בני שעיר החורי: **Ibn Ezra on the Pentateuch; trans. by Jay F. Shachter:** THE HORITES. They *are the sons of Seir the Horite* (Gen. 36:20). ###### Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:15:1 [Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:15:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Deuteronomy/r/2:15:1) ל. **המם.** מפעלי הכפל מבנין הקל: **Ibn Ezra on the Pentateuch; trans. by Jay F. Shachter:** TO DISCOMFIT THEM. *Le-hummam* (to discomfit them) is a *kal*. It comes from a double root.⁸. footnotes: ⁸ Its root is heh, mem, mem ###### Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:16:1 [Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:16:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Deuteronomy/r/2:16:1) **ויהי כאשר תמו.** דבק עם וידבר ה' אלי כמו ויהי ככלות משה לכתוב גם ויהי ביום דבר ה' ורבים כן והטעם ויהי כאשר תמו הם אמר השם שנעבור את גבול ער: **Ibn Ezra on the Pentateuch; trans. by Jay F. Shachter:** SO IT CAME TO PASS, WHEN ALL THE MEN OF WAR WERE CONSUMED. Our verse is connected to *that the Lord spoke unto me saying* (v. 17).⁹, they are in two sections. It is similar to *And it came to pass, when Moses had made an end of writing* (Deut. 31:24)¹⁰ and *And it came to pass on the day when the Lord spoke* (Ex. 6:28).¹¹, they do not form one section. See I.E. on Ex. 6:28 (Vol. 2, p. 141). There are many other such cases. It means,¹² And it came to pass when they¹³ were consumed, God said that we are about to pass over the border of Ar. footnotes: ⁹ Even though, according to the massorah ¹⁰ This verse is connected to the verse which follows even though the next verse appears to belong in a new paragraph (Weiser). ¹¹ This verse is connected to the verse which follows even though, according to the massorah ¹² The meaning of verses 16 and 17. ¹³ All the men of war, those of the age of going to war among the generation that left Egypt. ###### Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:19:1 [Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:19:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Deuteronomy/r/2:19:1) **וקרבת מול בני עמון.** פירוש ובקרבך אליהם: **Ibn Ezra on the Pentateuch; trans. by Jay F. Shachter:** AND WHEN THOU COMEST NIGH OVER AGAINST THE CHILDREN OF AMMON. The meaning of *ve-karavta* is, when you come close to them.¹⁴ here has the meaning of when, not that of and. footnotes: ¹⁴ In other words, the vav ###### Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:19:2 [Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:19:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Deuteronomy/r/2:19:2) **אל תצרם.** מפעלי הכפל: **Ibn Ezra on the Pentateuch; trans. by Jay F. Shachter:** HARASS THEM NOT. *Tetzurem* (harass) comes from a double root.¹⁵. footnotes: ¹⁵ Tzadi, resh, resh ###### Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:19:3 [Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:19:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Deuteronomy/r/2:19:3) **ואל תתגר בם.** מבנין התפעל מנחי הלמ״‎ד ה״‎א: **Ibn Ezra on the Pentateuch; trans. by Jay F. Shachter:** NOR CONTEND WITH THEM. *Titgar* (contend) is in the *hitpa’el*. Its root ends in a *heh*.¹⁶. footnotes: ¹⁶ Its root is gimel, resh, heh ###### Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:20:1 [Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:20:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Deuteronomy/r/2:20:1) **זמזמים.** מלה מתוקנת על משפט לשון הקדש כמו האחשדרפנים: **Ibn Ezra on the Pentateuch; trans. by Jay F. Shachter:** ZAMZUMMIM. A foreign term which was Hebraized.¹⁷) is Hebrew. However, the basic word is not Hebrew. Compare, *ha-achashdarpenim* (the satraps) (Esth. 8:9).¹⁸ footnotes: ¹⁷ The ending (im ¹⁸ Which is Persian in origin. ###### Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:21:1 [Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:21:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Deuteronomy/r/2:21:1) **וישמידם ה'.** ספר הכתוב כי השם השמיד אחרים מפני המואבים ונתן להם הארץ לירושה כהר שעיר לעשו: **Ibn Ezra on the Pentateuch; trans. by Jay F. Shachter:** BUT THE LORD DESTROYED THEM. Scripture relates that God destroyed a people on behalf of the Moabites¹⁹ means on behalf of the Moabites. The previous verse mentions the Amonites. Hence I.E. points out that *them* in our verse refers to the Moabites. and gave them the land as an inheritance, as he did with Mount Seir on behalf of Esau. footnotes: ¹⁹ In other words, before them ###### Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:23:1 [Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:23:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Deuteronomy/r/2:23:1) וטעם **עד עזה.** כי היא היתה לפלשתים וכבר היתה בין אברהם ובין אבימלך ברית אם תשקור לי ולניני ולנכדי והכתוב ספר כי העוים לקחו עזה: **Ibn Ezra on the Pentateuch; trans. by Jay F. Shachter:** [AS FAR AS GAZA.] Scripture reads *as far as Gaza* because Gaza belonged to the Philistines and there already was a covenant between Abraham and Abimelech, namely, *that thou wilt not deal falsely with me, nor with my son, nor with my son’s son* (Gen. 21:23).²⁰ Scripture relates that the Avvim took Gaza.²¹ footnotes: ²⁰ Hence Israel would not be permitted to take Gaza. ²¹ From the original inhabitants. It was with the Avvim (a Philistine tribe) that Abraham made the treaty recorded in Gen. 21:23. However, the Kaftorim (a different Philistine tribe) displaced the Avvim. The treaty which Abraham made did not apply to this tribe. See Rashi. Israel was henceforth permitted to take Gaza. ###### Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:24:1 [Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:24:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Deuteronomy/r/2:24:1) **החל רש.** מירוש': **Ibn Ezra on the Pentateuch; trans. by Jay F. Shachter:** BEGIN TO POSSESS IT. The word *rash* (possess) comes from the word *yerushah* (possession).²². There is no *yod* in *rash*. Hence I.E.’s comment. footnotes: ²² Its root is yod, resh, shin ###### Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:26:1 [Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:26:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Deuteronomy/r/2:26:1) **ממדבר קדמות.** לפי דעתי הוא הנקרא מדבר מתנה: **Ibn Ezra on the Pentateuch; trans. by Jay F. Shachter:** OUT OF THE WILDERNESS OF KEDEMOTH. I believe that *the wilderness of Kedemoth* is the same as the place called *the wilderness to Mattanah* (Num. 21:18). ###### Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:27:1 [Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:27:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Deuteronomy/r/2:27:1) **בדרך.** הידוע: **Ibn Ezra on the Pentateuch; trans. by Jay F. Shachter:** THE HIGHWAY. The well-known highway.²³ beneath the *bet* of *ba-derekh* (at the highway) indicates the definite article. footnotes: ²³ The pattach ###### Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:28:1 [Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:28:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Deuteronomy/r/2:28:1) **אכל בכסף תשברני ואכלתי.** אם הוצרכתי: **Ibn Ezra on the Pentateuch; trans. by Jay F. Shachter:** THOU SHALT SELL ME FOOD FOR MONEY, THAT I MAY EAT. If I need to.²⁴ footnotes: ²⁴ Israel was fed by the manna. Therefore it did not commit itself to buy food from Sihon. ###### Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:29:1 [Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:29:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Deuteronomy/r/2:29:1) **כאשר עשו לי בני עשו.** יש מפרשים כי פירושו על אוכל בכסף תשבירני א״‎כ הוא מה יעשו עם יושבי ער שהם מואבים והכתוב אמר על דבר אשר לא קדמו אתכם והוצרכו לפירוש זה בעבור שאמר מלך אדום לא תעבור בי ולפי דעתי שפירושו על טעם בדרך בדרך נלך כאשר עשו לי בני עשו שסבבו הר שעיר בדרך בדרך וכן כתוב אתם עוברים בגבול אחיכם בני עשו היושבים בשעיר רק המלך שהוא מלך אדום לא עזבם שיעברו דרך מדינתו כי משם היה מקום ארץ כנען קרוב ולכן עברו על ער כי כן כתוב ורבים אמרו הם לא קדמו רק ישראל קנו מהם: **Ibn Ezra on the Pentateuch; trans. by Jay F. Shachter:** AS THE CHILDREN OF ESAU…AND THE MOABITES THAT DWELL IN AR DID UNTO ME. Some say that *did unto me* refers to *thou shalt sell me food for money*.²⁵ If this is so, then what will they do with the inhabitants of Ar who were Moabites,²⁶ about whom Scripture writes, *because they met you not with bread and with water in the way* (Deut. 23:5)?²⁷ They were compelled to offer this interpretation²⁸ refers to *thou shalt sell me food for money*. because the king of the Edomites said, *Thou shalt not pass through me* (Ex. 20:18). I believe that Israel’s request refers to, *I will go along by the highway* (v. 27)²⁹ as the children of Esau did, for Israel went around Mount Seir by the highway. Indeed, Scripture reads, *Ye are to pass through the border of your brethren the children of Esau, that dwell in Seir* (v. 4). However, the king, that is, the king of Edom, did not allow them to pass through his country, which was near Canaan. Israel therefore passed by Ar, as Scripture records (v. 18). Others say that they³⁰ did not meet the Israelites³¹ but the Israelites bought³² from them. footnotes: ²⁵ For the children of Esau did not permit the Israelites to pass through their lands. ²⁶ Verse 18. ²⁷ The meaning of which is, they did not sell you bread or water. ²⁸ That did unto me ²⁹ Israel asked Sihon to permit them to go on the highway. ³⁰ The Ammonites and Moabites. ³¹ With bread and water. ³² Bread and water. ###### Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:31:1 [Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:31:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Deuteronomy/r/2:31:1) **החלתי.** בפתחות ה״‎א הבנין בעבור אות הגרון וכן העירותיהו בצדק: **Ibn Ezra on the Pentateuch; trans. by Jay F. Shachter:** I HAVE BEGUN. The *heh* of *hachilloti* (I have begun), which is the *heh* of the form,³³ form. is vocalized with a *pattach*³⁴. because of the guttural.³⁵. Compare, *ha’irotihu* (roused him)³⁶ rather than with a *chataf pattach* because of the guttural, the *ayin*. in *I have roused him up in victory* (Is. 45:13). footnotes: ³³ The hifil ³⁴ Rather than with a chataf pattach ³⁵ The chet ³⁶ Which is vocalized with a pattach ###### Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:33:1 [Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:33:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Deuteronomy/r/2:33:1) **ונך.** חסר נו״‎ן השרש: **Ibn Ezra on the Pentateuch; trans. by Jay F. Shachter:** AND WE SMOTE. The root *nun* is missing in the word *va-nakh* (and we smote).³⁷. The *nun* in *va-nakkeh* is a prefix. footnotes: ³⁷ From the root nun, caf, heh ###### Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:34:1 [Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:34:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Deuteronomy/r/2:34:1) **מתם.** בני אדם: **Ibn Ezra on the Pentateuch; trans. by Jay F. Shachter:** THE MEN. *Metim* (men) means people. ###### Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:36:1 [Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:36:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Deuteronomy/r/2:36:1) **שגבה.** מגזרת ונשגב ה' לבדו: **Ibn Ezra on the Pentateuch; trans. by Jay F. Shachter:** TOO HIGH. *Sagevah* (too high) is related to the word *venisgav* (shall be exalted) in *And the Lord alone shall be exalted* (Is. 2:11). ###### Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:37:1 [Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:37:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Deuteronomy/r/2:37:1) **אל ארץ בני עמון.** שהיא היום בידם כאשר פירשתיו: **Ibn Ezra on the Pentateuch; trans. by Jay F. Shachter:** TO THE LAND OF THE CHILDREN OF AMMON. Which, as I have noted,³⁸ is today in their hands. footnotes: ³⁸ See I.E. on Num. 21:24 (Vol. 4, pp. 173,174). ###### Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:37:2 [Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 2:37:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Deuteronomy/r/2:37:2) **לא קרבת כל.** **יד.** מקום כמו יד הירדן: **Ibn Ezra on the Pentateuch; trans. by Jay F. Shachter:** ALL THE SIDE. The word *yad* (side) means place.³⁹ is hand. Hence I.E.’s comment. Compare, *yad* (side) in *by the side of the Jordan* (Num. 13:29). footnotes: ³⁹ The literal meaning of yad