## Ibn Ezra on Isaiah Chapter 34

###### Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:1:1
[Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:1:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Isaiah/r/34:1:1)

**קרבו. ומלואה.** שהיא מלאה מהם:

**Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873:**
ומלאה *And its fulness*;¹ that is, those beings of which it is full.

footnotes:
¹ A. V., And all that is therein.


###### Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:1:2
[Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:1:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Isaiah/r/34:1:2)

**תבל.** מקום הישוב:

**Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873:**
תבל The inhabited part of the earth.²

footnotes:
² A. V., The world. According to I. E., ארץ is the whole earth; תבל the inhabited part of it.


###### Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:1:3
[Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:1:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Isaiah/r/34:1:3)

**וכל צאצאיה.** מגזרת יצא:

**Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873:**
צאצאיה The things that come out of it. It is derived from יצא to go out.


###### Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:2:1
[Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:2:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Isaiah/r/34:2:1)

**כי וגו'.** כל המפרשים אומרים כי זה לעתיד, רק רבי משה הכהן אומר כי אדום חרבה בימי אשור וכל הפרשה הי' דבקה:

**Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873:**
*For the indignation*, etc. All commentators refer this prophecy to the Messianic period, except R. Moses Hakkohen, who says, that Edom was destroyed in the time of the invasion by the Assyrians, and that all these chapters (xxiv—xxxiv) are connected with each other.³

footnotes:
³ Although it is not distinctly mentioned, it may be fairly supposed that Edom was conquered by the Assyrians at the same time when Syria and all the neighbouring countries were occupied by the armies of Assyria.—Edom was conquered and united with Judæa by John Hyrcanus, 129 B.C.


###### Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:2:2
[Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:2:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Isaiah/r/34:2:2)

**צבאם.** הם צבא המלחמ':

**Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873:**
צבאם Their armies.


###### Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:3:1
[Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:3:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Isaiah/r/34:3:1)

**וחלליהם. יעלה באשם.** שם, והנה הוא בלי סמיכה באש, על משקל קדש:

**Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873:**
באשם *Their stink*. It is a noun derived from באש after the form of קׂדֶשׁ holiness.


###### Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:3:2
[Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:3:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Isaiah/r/34:3:2)

**נמסו.** מפעלי הכפל מבנין נפעל:

**Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873:**
ונמסו *And shall be melted.* Niphal of מסס to melt.


###### Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:4:1
[Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:4:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Isaiah/r/34:4:1)

**ונמקו.** בבא לאדם יום אידו תחשך לו השמש כאשר הוא כתוב ביום המות (קהלת י"ב ב'), והנכון בעיני שאלה הדברים רמז לכל עזר שיש לו לכל גוי במשטר שמים כאשר מפורש בספר דניאל (דניאל י' כ'):

**Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873:**
*And all the host of heaven,* etc. When the fatal day approaches to man, the sun darkens to him, as it is said in the description of the approaching death (Koh. 12:2). I think, that by these words the support is to be understood which each nation receives from its representative above; comp. Dan. 10:20.⁴

footnotes:
⁴ This is a part of the Kabbalistic theory, which is, in some respects, the development of the Neo-Platonic philosophy; it gives to the material world below its image, its abstract form, above, and attributes to these heavenly images real life and the power to govern the world below. Those images, or ideas, are called angels, or the princes above, or by similar names.


###### Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:4:2
[Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:4:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Isaiah/r/34:4:2)

**ונמקו.** מבנין נפעל וכן נגלו, מגזרת מגלה:

**Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873:**
ונמקו *And shall be dissolved*. Niphal of מקק to dissolve. ונגלו *And shall be rolled together.* Niphal of גלל to roll; comp. מגלה roll (Jer. 36:28)


###### Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:5:1
[Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:5:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Isaiah/r/34:5:1)

**כי וגו'.** זה החזוק לאשר רמזתי מהגזירות:

**Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873:**
*For my sword*, etc. This verse confirms my remark concerning the heavenly decrees.⁵

footnotes:
⁵ That the divine decrees (גזרות) are identical with the first steps taken towards the realisation of the will of the Almighty. It is first carried out above upon the heavenly ideals of the earthly objects, and then below on earth. Comp. I. E. on 9:7, 16:13, and Dan. 10:24.


###### Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:5:2
[Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:5:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Isaiah/r/34:5:2)

**הנה על אדום תרד ועל עם חרמי.** שיש לי חפץ להיות חרם לעשות משפט בהם:

**Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873:**
עם חרמי *The people of my doom*.⁶ The people which I desire to see doomed to punishment.

footnotes:
⁶ Upon the people of my curse.


###### Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:6:1
[Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:6:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Isaiah/r/34:6:1)

**חרב.** הטעם גזרה:

**Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873:**
*The sword of the Lord.* The divine decree.


###### Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:6:2
[Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:6:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Isaiah/r/34:6:2)

**הודשנה.** מלה מורכבת מבנין שלא נקרא שם פעלו ומבנין נפעל על דעת רבים, ואיננו נכון, רק היא מלה זרה והטעם מגזרת והיה דשן ושמן (ישעיהו ל' כ"ג):

**Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873:**
הודשנה *Is made fat.* Many think it is a form composed of the Hophal and Hithpael,⁷ but wrongly;⁸ it is an irregular form; it is derived from דשן to be fat; comp. דשן fat (30:23).

footnotes:
⁷ The Hophal of רשן is הֻדְשְׁנָה, the Niphal is נִדְשְׁנָה; a compound of both could hardly produce the form הֻדַּשְׁנָה, as we might infer from the Hebrew text: מורכבת מבנין שלא נקרא שם פועלו ומבנין נפעל a compound of Hophal and Niphal. Instead of נפעל we must read התפעל; for the Hithp. of דשן is הִדַּשְּׁנָה ═ הִתְדַּשְּׁנָה, the Hophal הָדְשְׁנָה and the form הֻדַּשְׁנָה may well be considered as a compound of these two, the Dagesh in ד and the Pathah under it being the traces left of the Hithp., the remainder being the characteristics of the Hophal.
⁸ I. E. in Zahoth, On the compound forms, seems to include in this term only such words as can easily be divided into two parts, the one containing properties of the one. form, the other of the second; הֻדַּשְׁנָה which begins and ends with the regular form of the Hophal, is, on account of the irregularity of the middle syllable, called by I. E. an irregular form of the Hophal.


###### Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:6:3
[Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:6:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Isaiah/r/34:6:3)

**כרים.** כמו חלב כרים (דברים ל"ב י"ד), דרך משל לגדולים, כמו אילי מואב (שמות ט"ו ט"ו):

**Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873:**
כרים *Lambs*. Comp. Deut. 32:14. — The nobles are figuratively called lambs; comp. אילי מואב the chiefs⁹ of Moab.

footnotes:
⁹ Lit.: the rams.


###### Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:6:4
[Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:6:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Isaiah/r/34:6:4)

**בבצרה.** יש אומר שהוא קושטנטינה, וזה לא יתכן כי אין לה היום אלף שנים שנוסדה, רק היא מדינה בארץ אדום:

**Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873:**
*Bozrah.* According to some it is the name of the town now called Constantinople; this is impossible, because since the foundation of that town, there have not yet elapsed a thousand years;¹⁰ Bozrah is a province in Edom.¹¹

footnotes:
¹⁰ Constantinople was built in 330, on the site of Byzantium, which was founded about 660 B.C., long after the death of Isaiah.
¹¹ Rashi quotes a passage from the Pesikta, in which it is stated, that Bozrah belonged to Moab, but shared the fate of Edom. Comp. Jer. 48:24. Very probably there were several places of the name Bozrah; since בצרה is originally an appellative, signifying stronghold or castle; there was one Bozrah in Edom, another in Moab.


###### Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:7:1
[Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:7:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Isaiah/r/34:7:1)

**וירדו.** עמם, עם הכרים והעתודים והראמים, והפרים הם רמז למלכי אדום:

**Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873:**
*With them*, with the lambs and goats; by the unicorns and bullocks the kings of Edom are meant.


###### Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:8:1
[Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:8:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Isaiah/r/34:8:1)

**כי וגו'.** זה הכתוב יוכיח שהוא לעתיד ויש אומרים כי זאת הנבואה נתקיימה בימי נבוכדנצר אחר גלות ציון, כטעם גם עליך תעבור כוס (איכה ד' כ"א):

**Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873:**
*For it is the day of the Lord’s vengeance*, etc. This verse shows that the prophecy refers to the Messianic period;¹² some believe, that it was fulfilled already in the time of Nebuchadnezzar, after the conquest of Zion; comp. The cup will be passed also to thee (Lam. 4:21).¹³

footnotes:
¹² It is not clear, how the words of this verse prove its reference to the Messianic period; the inference is perhaps drawn from the circumstance, that no hostilities of the Edomites against the Israelites, which should call for vengeance and recompences, are reported in scripture in describing the reign of Hezekiah.
¹³ This passage contains only a hope or prayer, and permits no inference as to the time when that hope was realised. It is, however, very probable, that Edom was occupied by the Babylonians in their expeditions against Syria and Egypt, as it had been previously by the Assyrians.


###### Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:8:2
[Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:8:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Isaiah/r/34:8:2)

**שנת שלומים.** כמו גמולך ישוב בראשך [עובדיה א' ט"ו] הכתוב גם בספר עובדיה על אדום:

**Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873:**
*The year of recompences.* Comp. Thy reward shall return over thine own head (Obad. 15); these words refer likewise to Edom.


###### Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:9:1
[Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:9:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Isaiah/r/34:9:1)

**ונהפכו וגו'.** כן היה או יהיה במעשה פלא, ויש אומרים כי הוא דרך משל שלא ישאר שם שות' מים, כאלו נהפכו המים לזפת:

**Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873:**
*And the streams thereof*, etc. This really happened or will happen¹⁴ in a miraculous way, as some believe; others are of opinion that this verse is to be taken figuratively: None will remain there to drink the water, as if it were changed to pitch.

footnotes:
¹⁴ If this prophecy refers to the time of Hezekiah, as R. Moses Hakkohen asserts, or to the time of Nebuchadnezzar, as others believe, then it has been fulfilled already; if to the Messianic period, as I. E. seems to assume, it is yet to be fulfilled.


###### Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:9:2
[Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:9:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Isaiah/r/34:9:2)

**בוערה.** תוכיח כי תי"ו זפת לשון נקבה:

**Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873:**
בוערה *Burning*. This word shows that the ת of זפת is the feminine termination.¹⁵

footnotes:
¹⁵ זפת is derived from זוף, which, however, is not found in any other form in the Bible.


###### Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:10:1
[Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:10:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Isaiah/r/34:10:1)

**לילה.** לא תכבה, אשה:

**Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873:**
*It shall not be quenched.* The fire thereof shall not be quenched.


###### Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:10:2
[Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:10:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Isaiah/r/34:10:2)

**לנצח נצחים.** זמנים אין קץ להם:

**Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873:**
לנצח נצחים *For ever and ever*. For periods without end.


###### Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:11:1
[Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:11:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Isaiah/r/34:11:1)

**וירשוה. קפוד.** ידוע מגזרת קפדתי כאורג חיי (ישעיהו ל"ח י"ב):

**Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873:**
קפוד *Hedgehog*.¹⁶ Well known;¹⁷ the root of this word is met with in קפדתי I have rolled together (38:12).¹⁸

footnotes:
¹⁶ A. V., Bittern.
¹⁷ It seems as if I. E. used the word well-known when he was at a loss to substitute another word for it. He derives the word קפוד from קפד to fold or to roll together because of its peculiar habit of rolling itself into a ball. See I. E. on 14:23.
¹⁸ In his remark on 38:12, I. E. explains קפדתי by כפלתי I folded together.


###### Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:11:2
[Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:11:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Isaiah/r/34:11:2)

ה**קו**והאבן ביד הבונה**:**

**Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873:**
*And he shall stretch upon it,* etc. Lime and stones are materials used by the builder.


###### Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:11:3
[Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:11:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Isaiah/r/34:11:3)

ו**תוהו ובהו** כטעם שממה:

**Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873:**
תהו, בהו *Emptiness, confusion*. These words are similar in meaning to שממה desolation.


###### Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:12:1
[Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:12:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Isaiah/r/34:12:1)

**חוריה.** הם הגדולים הנמשלים לעין לבן, כי הקטנים יקראו חשובים:

**Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873:**
חוריה *The nobles thereof.* They are compared with the white colour; the people of the lower class are called the black (Prov. 22:29).


###### Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:12:2
[Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:12:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Isaiah/r/34:12:2)

**מלוכה.** יקראו אותם הקרואים ותחסר אות למ"ד ממלת מלוכה:

**Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873:**
יקראו *They shall be called*.¹⁹ Lit., They—the people—will call them. למלוכה ═ מלוכה to the kingdom.

footnotes:
¹⁹ Comp. Chapter ii. Note 5.


###### Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:12:3
[Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:12:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Isaiah/r/34:12:3)

**אפס.** כמו אין:

**Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873:**
אפס Nothing.


###### Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:13:1
[Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:13:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Isaiah/r/34:13:1)

**ועלתה.** על ארמנותיה, כל אחד מהסירים, והם קוצים, כמו כי כקול הסירים תחת הסיר (קהלת ז' ו') וככה קמוש:

**Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873:**
ארמנותיה *Over her palaces*.²⁰ The preposition על is to be supplied. ועלתה סירים *And thorns shall come up.* Lit., And each of the thorns shall come up.²¹ סירים *Thorns.* Comp. Koh. 7:6. קמוש The same.

footnotes:
²⁰ A. V., In her palaces.
²¹ Comp. Chapter ii. Note 18.


###### Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:13:2
[Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:13:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Isaiah/r/34:13:2)

**תנים.** כמו אח הייתי לתנים (איוב ל' כ"ט):

**Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873:**
תנים *Dragons.* Comp. Job 30:29.


###### Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:13:3
[Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:13:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Isaiah/r/34:13:3)

**חציר.** כמו חצר (שמות כ"ז י"ב) וכמוהו ישיש (איוב ט"ו י') וזקן וישש (דברי הימים ב' ל"ו י"ז):

**Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873:**
חצר ═ חציר *A court.* Comp. יָשֵׂשׂ (2 Chr. 36:17) ═ יָשִׂישׂ (Job 15:10), old. It can also be taken in its usual meaning: grass.²²

footnotes:
²² Comp. Ps. 104:14; Job. 8:12, etc.


###### Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:14:1
[Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:14:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Isaiah/r/34:14:1)

**ופגשו ציים.** דרים בארץ ציה:

**Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873:**
ציים *The wild beasts of the desert.*


###### Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:14:2
[Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:14:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Isaiah/r/34:14:2)

**איים.** רבים, כמו ואת האיה (ויקרא י"א י"ד), ואם בא במ"ם:

**Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873:**
איים *Kites.*²³ It is the plural of אַיָה (Lev. 11:14), although it has the masculine termination .ים.

footnotes:
²³ A. V., The wild beasts of the islands.


###### Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:14:3
[Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:14:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Isaiah/r/34:14:3)

**ושעיר.** כדמות שעירים ברים:

**Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873:**
שעירים An animal, similar to the wild goat.²⁴

footnotes:
²⁴ A. V., Satyr.


###### Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:14:4
[Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:14:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Isaiah/r/34:14:4)

**הרגיעה.** מצאה מרגוע:

**Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873:**
הרגיעה Shall rest.


###### Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:14:5
[Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:14:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Isaiah/r/34:14:5)

**לילית.** העוף שיעוף בלילה:

**Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873:**
לילית *The screech owl*. A bird that flies abroad by night.


###### Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:15:1
[Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:15:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Isaiah/r/34:15:1)

**שמה.** קפוז, איננו כמו קפוד (ישעיהו י"ד כ"ג) רק עוף אחר:

**Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873:**
קפוז *The great owl.* It is not the same as ²⁵;קפוד it is some other bird.²⁶

footnotes:
²⁵ I. E. frequently states, that he objects to the assumption of an interchange of letters others than א ה ו י. Rashi is of opinion that קפוז and קפד are the same.
²⁶ Other bird is not quite correct; for קפוד is explained by I. E. to signify the hedgehog; the word other is perhaps used with regard to the birds mentioned ver. 11, and in this same verse (15).


###### Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:15:2
[Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:15:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Isaiah/r/34:15:2)

**ותמלט.** ותוליד וכן והמליטה זכר (ישעיהו ס"ו ז'):

**Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873:**
ותמלט *And lay.* Comp. והמליטה זכר and she was delivered of a man-child (66:7).


###### Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:15:3
[Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:15:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Isaiah/r/34:15:3)

**ובקעה.** תולדת' לבקוע בציה:

**Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873:**
ובקעה *And break*.²⁷ It is the nature of this bird to break its eggs.

footnotes:
²⁷ A. V., Shall hatch.


###### Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:15:4
[Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:15:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Isaiah/r/34:15:4)

**דגרה.** כמו קרא דגר (ירמיהו י"ז י"א):

**Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873:**
ודגרה *And gather*. Comp. דגר he gathereth²⁸ (Jer. 17:11).

footnotes:
²⁸ A. V., Sitteth on eggs.


###### Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:15:5
[Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:15:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Isaiah/r/34:15:5)

**דיות.** לשון רבות כמו הדיה (דברים י"ד י"ג):

**Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873:**
דיות *Vultures.* It is the plural of דַיָה (Deut. 14:13)


###### Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:16:1
[Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:16:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Isaiah/r/34:16:1)

**דרשו מעל ספ' יי.** רמז לגזרות שמים שהם כתובים באצבע אלהים, והטעם שכל הגזרות תבאנה אל ארץ אדום, גם הם הנכתבות להיות ארץ אדום נוה להן:

**Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873:**
*Seek ye out of the book of the Lord and read: none of these shall fail*, etc. None of the divine decrees, which are written down with the finger of God, shall fail; all of them will be fulfilled in Edom. Or: None of those, for which Edom is said (ver. 13, 14) to become the habitation, shall fail.


###### Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:16:2
[Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:16:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Isaiah/r/34:16:2)

**כי פי.** רמז לגזרות היוצאות מפי השם:

**Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873:**
*My mouth.* The decrees that come from the mouth of the Lord.


###### Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:16:3
[Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:16:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Isaiah/r/34:16:3)

**ורוחו.** רוח פיו והנה הטעם כפול כמשפט:

**Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873:**
ורוחו *And its breath*,²⁹ that is, the breath of His mouth. It is a repetition of the same idea.

footnotes:
²⁹ A. V. And his spirit.


###### Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:17:1
[Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:17:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Isaiah/r/34:17:1)

**והוא.** חלקתה, פועלת ופעולה:

**Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873:**
חלקתה *Hath divided it.* Both subject and object are feminine.


###### Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:17:2
[Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 34:17:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ibn%20Ezra%20on%20Isaiah/r/34:17:2)

**בקו.** שהוא קו אמת:

**Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873:**
בקו *By line*. With the line of truth.³⁰

footnotes:
³⁰ This remark of I. E. is probably based upon the occurrence of the definite article in בַּקָּו, lit., by the line.