## Ketubot Daf 111a

###### Ketubot 111a:1
[Ketubot 111a:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/111a:1)

״בָּבֶלָה יוּבָאוּ וְשָׁמָּה יִהְיוּ עַד יוֹם פׇּקְדִי אוֹתָם נְאֻם ה׳״. וְרַבִּי זֵירָא — הָהוּא בִּכְלֵי שָׁרֵת כְּתִיב.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**“They shall be taken to Babylonia and there they shall remain until the day that I recall them, said the Lord”** (Jeremiah 27:22). Based on that verse, Rav Yehuda held that since the Babylonian exile was imposed by divine decree, permission to leave Babylonia for Eretz Yisrael could be granted only by God. The Gemara asks: **And** how does **Rabbi Zeira** interpret that verse? The Gemara answers that Rabbi Zeira maintains that **that** verse **is written about** the Temple **service vessels,** and it does not refer to the Jewish people, as the previous verse states: “Thus says the Lord of Hosts, the God of Israel, concerning the vessels that remain in the house of the Lord” (Jeremiah 27:21). Consequently, Rabbi Zeira sought to ascend to Eretz Yisrael.


###### Ketubot 111a:2
[Ketubot 111a:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/111a:2)

וְרַב יְהוּדָה? כְּתִיב קְרָא אַחֲרִינָא: ״הִשְׁבַּעְתִּי אֶתְכֶם בְּנוֹת יְרוּשָׁלִַים בִּצְבָאוֹת אוֹ בְּאַיְלוֹת הַשָּׂדֶה וְגוֹ׳״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara asks: **And** how does **Rav Yehuda** respond to this argument? The verse is clearly referring to the Temple vessels, not to the people. The Gemara answers that **another verse is written: “I adjure you, O daughters of Jerusalem, by the gazelles and by the hinds of the field,** that you not awaken or stir up love, until it please” (Song of Songs 2:7). Rabbi Yehuda derived from here that no act of redemption should be performed until a time arrives when it pleases God to bring about the redemption.


###### Ketubot 111a:3
[Ketubot 111a:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/111a:3)

וְרַבִּי זֵירָא — הָהוּא שֶׁלֹּא יַעֲלוּ יִשְׂרָאֵל בְּחוֹמָה. וְרַב יְהוּדָה? ״הִשְׁבַּעְתִּי״ אַחֲרִינָא כְּתִיב.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And Rabbi Zeira** maintains that the oath mentioned in **that** verse means **that the Jews should not ascend** to Eretz Yisrael **as a wall,** i.e., en masse, whereas individuals may immigrate as they wish. The Gemara asks: **And** what does **Rav Yehuda** reply to this? The Gemara answers that this command is derived from **another** verse in which **“I adjure you”** (Song of Songs 3:5) is **written**.


###### Ketubot 111a:4
[Ketubot 111a:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/111a:4)

וְרַבִּי זֵירָא — הָהוּא מִיבְּעֵי לֵיהּ לְכִדְרַבִּי יוֹסֵי בְּרַבִּי חֲנִינָא, דְּאָמַר: שָׁלֹשׁ שְׁבוּעוֹת הַלָּלוּ לָמָּה? אַחַת שֶׁלֹּא יַעֲלוּ יִשְׂרָאֵל בְּחוֹמָה, וְאַחַת שֶׁהִשְׁבִּיעַ הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא אֶת יִשְׂרָאֵל שֶׁלֹּא יִמְרְדוּ בְּאוּמּוֹת הָעוֹלָם, וְאַחַת שֶׁהִשְׁבִּיעַ הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא אֶת הַגּוֹיִם שֶׁלֹּא יִשְׁתַּעְבְּדוּ בָּהֶן בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל יוֹתֵר מִדַּאי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara asks: **And** how does **Rabbi Zeira** explain the repetition of this oath in these verses? The Gemara explains: **That** verse **is necessary for that** which was taught by **Rabbi Yosei, son of Rabbi Ḥanina, who said: Why** are **these three oaths** (Song of Songs 2:7, 3:5, 8:4) needed? **One,** so **that the Jews should not ascend** to Eretz Yisrael **as a wall,** but little by little. **And** another **one, that the Holy One, Blessed be He, adjured the Jews that they should not rebel against** the rule of **the nations of the world. And** the last **one** is **that the Holy One, Blessed be He, adjured the nations** of the world **that they should not subjugate the Jews excessively.**


###### Ketubot 111a:5
[Ketubot 111a:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/111a:5)

וְרַב יְהוּדָה — ״אִם תָּעִירוּ וְאִם תְּעוֹרְרוּ״ כְּתִיב.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And** how does **Rav Yehuda** respond? It is **written: “That you not awaken or stir up** love” (Song of Songs 2:7), which serves to amplify and include a prohibition against Jews immigrating to Eretz Yisrael.


###### Ketubot 111a:6
[Ketubot 111a:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/111a:6)

וְרַבִּי זֵירָא — מִיבְּעֵי לֵיהּ לְכִדְרַבִּי לֵוִי, דְּאָמַר: שֵׁשׁ שְׁבוּעוֹת הַלָּלוּ לָמָּה? תְּלָתָא — הָנֵי דַּאֲמַרַן, אִינָךְ: שֶׁלֹּא יְגַלּוּ אֶת הַקֵּץ, וְשֶׁלֹּא יְרַחֲקוּ אֶת הַקֵּץ, וְשֶׁלֹּא יְגַלּוּ הַסּוֹד לַגּוֹיִם.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara asks: **And** how does **Rabbi Zeira** explain the extra emphasis of this phrase? The Gemara explains: **He needs** this phrase **for that** which was taught by **Rabbi Levi, who said: These six oaths,** i.e., the aforementioned three verses containing oaths, each of which contains the phrase “That you not awaken or stir up,” **why** are they necessary? **Three are those that we said** and explained above. **The other** three oaths are as follows: **That** those who know **should not reveal the end** of days; **and that they should not distance the end** of days by saying that it is still distant; **and that they should not reveal the secret** of the Jews **to the nations.**


###### Ketubot 111a:7
[Ketubot 111a:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/111a:7)

״בִּצְבָאוֹת אוֹ בְּאַיְלוֹת הַשָּׂדֶה״, אָמַר רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר: אָמַר לָהֶם הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא לְיִשְׂרָאֵל, אִם אַתֶּם מְקַיְּימִין אֶת הַשְּׁבוּעָה — מוּטָב, וְאִם לָאו — אֲנִי מַתִּיר אֶת בְּשַׂרְכֶם כִּצְבָאוֹת וּכְאַיְלוֹת הַשָּׂדֶה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ The Gemara discusses a phrase in the verse cited above. “I adjure you, O daughters of Jerusalem, **by the gazelles and by the hinds of the field”** (Song of Songs 2:7). **Rabbi Elazar said: The Holy One, Blessed be He, said to the Jewish people: If you fulfill the oath, it is good, and if not, I will abandon your flesh** and all will devour you **like the gazelles and like the hinds of the field.**


###### Ketubot 111a:8
[Ketubot 111a:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/111a:8)

אָמַר רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר: כׇּל הַדָּר בְּאֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל שָׁרוּי בְּלֹא עָוֹן, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״וּבַל יֹאמַר שָׁכֵן חָלִיתִי הָעָם הַיּוֹשֵׁב בָּהּ נְשׂוּא עָוֹן״. אֲמַר לֵיהּ רָבָא לְרַב אָשֵׁי: אֲנַן בְּסוֹבְלֵי חֳלָאִים מַתְנֵינַן לַהּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rabbi Elazar said: Anyone who resides in Eretz Yisrael dwells without transgression, as it is stated: “And the inhabitant shall not say: I am sick; the people that dwell there shall be forgiven their iniquity”** (Isaiah 33:24). **Rava said to Rav Ashi: We learned this** promise **with regard to those who suffer from sickness.** The phrase “I am sick” indicates that they are the ones who are forgiven their sins.


###### Ketubot 111a:9
[Ketubot 111a:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/111a:9)

אָמַר רַב עָנָן: כׇּל הַקָּבוּר בְּאֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל כְּאִילּוּ קָבוּר תַּחַת הַמִּזְבֵּחַ. כְּתִיב הָכָא: ״מִזְבַּח אֲדָמָה תַּעֲשֶׂה לִּי״, וּכְתִיב הָתָם: ״וְכִפֵּר אַדְמָתוֹ עַמּוֹ״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Anan said: Anyone who is buried in Eretz Yisrael** is considered **as though** he is **buried beneath the altar. It is stated here: “An altar of earth [*adama*] you shall make for Me”** (Exodus 20:21), **and it is stated there:** “For He does avenge the blood of His servants, and renders vengeance to His adversaries, **and atones for the land of [*admato*] His people”** (Deuteronomy 32:43). This teaches that one who is buried in the earth of Eretz Yisrael is considered as though he is buried beneath the altar in the Temple.


###### Ketubot 111a:10
[Ketubot 111a:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/111a:10)

עוּלָּא הֲוָה רְגִיל דַּהֲוָה סָלֵיק לְאֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל, נָח נַפְשֵׁיהּ בְּחוּץ לָאָרֶץ. אֲתוֹ אֲמַרוּ לֵיהּ לְרַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר. אָמַר: אַנְתְּ עוּלָּא, ״עַל אֲדָמָה טְמֵאָה תָּמוּת״. אָמְרוּ לוֹ: אֲרוֹנוֹ בָּא. אָמַר לָהֶם: אֵינוֹ דּוֹמֶה קוֹלַטְתּוֹ מֵחַיִּים לְקוֹלַטְתּוֹ לְאַחַר מִיתָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ The Gemara relates: **Ulla was accustomed to ascend to Eretz Yisrael** from time to time. However, **he died outside** of **Eretz** Yisrael. **They came and said to Rabbi Elazar** that Ulla had passed away. **He said:** Woe for **you Ulla,** as through you a verse was fulfilled: **“You shall die in an unclean land”** (Amos 7:17). **They said to him: But his coffin is coming** for burial in Eretz Yisrael. **He said to them:** Even so, **one who was absorbed** by the soil of Eretz Yisrael **while** he was yet **alive is not similar to one who was absorbed** only **after death.**


###### Ketubot 111a:11
[Ketubot 111a:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/111a:11)

הָהוּא גַּבְרָא דִּנְפַלָה לֵיהּ יְבָמָה בֵּי חוֹזָאָה, אֲתָא לְקַמֵּיהּ דְּרַבִּי חֲנִינָא, אֲמַר לֵיהּ: מַהוּ לְמֵיחַת וּלְיַבֹּמַהּ?

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara relates with regard to **a certain man** from Eretz Yisrael **that a *yevama*,** i.e., a woman whose childless husband died and left a surviving brother, **happened** before him, the surviving brother, for levirate marriage. This *yevama* was living in the district of **Bei Ḥoza’a,** far away in southeast Babylonia. The man **came before Rabbi Ḥanina** and **said to him: What is** the *halakha* as to whether I may **descend** to Babylonia **to enter into levirate marriage** with this woman?


###### Ketubot 111a:12
[Ketubot 111a:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/111a:12)

אֲמַר לֵיהּ: אָחִיו נָשָׂא כּוּתִית וָמֵת — בָּרוּךְ הַמָּקוֹם שֶׁהֲרָגוֹ. וְהוּא יֵרֵד אַחֲרָיו?!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Rabbi Ḥanina **said to him: His brother married a Samaritan woman [*kutit*] and died.** Rabbi Ḥanina described the man’s late brother in these terms because he had left Eretz Yisrael to marry, and for the same reason he called his wife a Samaritan. **Blessed be the Omnipresent who killed him. And** yet the brother wishes **to** follow in his footsteps and **descend after him?** Better that he stay in Eretz Yisrael.


###### Ketubot 111a:13
[Ketubot 111a:13](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/111a:13)

אָמַר רַב יְהוּדָה אָמַר שְׁמוּאֵל: כְּשֵׁם שֶׁאָסוּר לָצֵאת מֵאֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל לְבָבֶל כָּךְ אָסוּר לָצֵאת מִבָּבֶל לִשְׁאָר אֲרָצוֹת. רַבָּה וְרַב יוֹסֵף דְּאָמְרִי תַּרְוַיְיהוּ: אֲפִילּוּ מִפּוּמְבְּדִיתָא לְבֵי כוּבֵּי. הָהוּא דִּנְפַק מִפּוּמְבְּדִיתָא לְבֵי כוּבֵּי, שַׁמְתֵּיהּ רַב יוֹסֵף. הָהוּא דִּנְפַק מִפּוּמְבְּדִיתָא לְאַסְתּוֹנְיָא, שְׁכֵיב. אֲמַר אַבָּיֵי: אִי בָּעֵי הַאי צוּרְבָּא מֵרַבָּנַן, הֲוָה חָיֵי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ **Rav Yehuda said** that **Shmuel said: Just as it is prohibited to leave Eretz Yisrael** and go **to Babylonia, so too, is it prohibited to leave Babylonia for** any of **the other lands. Rabba and Rav Yosef both say: Even** to go **from Pumbedita to Bei Kuvei,** which is located beyond the border of Babylonia proper, is not permitted. The Gemara relates: **A certain** man **left Pumbedita to** live in **Bei Kuvei,** and **Rav Yosef excommunicated him. A certain** man **left Pumbedita to** live in **Astonia,** which also lay beyond the borders of Babylonia proper, and he **died. Abaye said: Had this Torah scholar wanted, he would** still **be alive,** as he could have stayed in Babylonia.


###### Ketubot 111a:14
[Ketubot 111a:14](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/111a:14)

רַבָּה וְרַב יוֹסֵף דְּאָמְרִי תַּרְוַיְיהוּ: כְּשֵׁרִין שֶׁבְּבָבֶל אֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל קוֹלַטְתָּן, כְּשֵׁרִין שֶׁבִּשְׁאָר אֲרָצוֹת בָּבֶל קוֹלַטְתָּן. לְמַאי? אִילֵימָא לְיוּחֲסִין, וְהָאָמַר מָר: כׇּל הָאֲרָצוֹת עִיסָּה לְאֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל, וְאֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל עִיסָּה לְבָבֶל! אֶלָּא לְעִנְיַן קְבוּרָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rabba and Rav Yosef both say:** With regard to **the worthy of Babylonia, Eretz Yisrael absorbs them;** with regard to **the worthy of other lands, Babylonia absorbs them.** The Gemara asks: With regard **to what** matter did they issue this statement? **If we say** that they were referring **to** matters of **lineage, didn’t the Master say:** Lineage of residents of **all lands** are **muddled** compared **to** that of **Eretz Yisrael, and** lineage of residents of **Eretz Yisrael is muddled** compared **to** that of **Babylonia.** This means that the lineage of Babylonians was purer than that of the residents of Eretz Yisrael. **Rather,** they taught this with regard **to matters of burial,** i.e., the worthy of Babylonia are buried in Eretz Yisrael.


###### Ketubot 111a:15
[Ketubot 111a:15](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/111a:15)

אָמַר רַב יְהוּדָה: כׇּל הַדָּר בְּבָבֶל כְּאִילּוּ דָּר בְּאֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״הוֹי צִיּוֹן הִמָּלְטִי יוֹשֶׁבֶת בַּת בָּבֶל״. אָמַר אַבָּיֵי, נָקְטִינַן: בָּבֶל לָא חָזְיָא חַבְלֵי דְמָשִׁיחַ. תַּרְגְּמַהּ אַהוּצָל דְּבִנְיָמִין, וְקָרוּ לֵיהּ קַרְנָא דְשֵׁיזָבְתָּא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Yehuda said:** With regard to **anyone who resides in Babylon,** it is **as though he is residing in Eretz Yisrael, as it is stated: “Ho Zion, escape, you who dwells with the daughter of Babylon”** (Zechariah 2:11). This verse equates the two countries. **Abaye said: We have a tradition** that **Babylonia will not see the pangs of the Messiah,** i.e., it will be spared the suffering that will be prevalent at the time of his arrival. Abaye **interpreted** this statement in reference **to** the city of **Hutzal deVinyamin** in Babylonia, **and** as a result people **call it Karna deShizavta,** Horn of Salvation, as its residents will not endure the travails of the time of the Messiah.


###### Ketubot 111a:16
[Ketubot 111a:16](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/111a:16)

אָמַר רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר: מֵתִים שֶׁבְּחוּץ לָאָרֶץ אֵינָם חַיִּים, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״וְנָתַתִּי צְבִי בְּאֶרֶץ חַיִּים״ — אֶרֶץ שֶׁצִּבְיוֹנִי בָּהּ מֵתֶיהָ חַיִּים, שֶׁאֵין צִבְיוֹנִי בָּהּ — אֵין מֵתֶיהָ חַיִּים.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ **Rabbi Elazar said: The dead of** the lands **outside** of **Eretz** Yisrael will **not** come **alive** and be resurrected in the future, **as it is stated: “And I will set glory [*tzvi*] in the land of the living”** (Ezekiel 26:20). This teaches that with regard to **a land which contains My desire [*tzivyoni*], its dead** will come **alive;** however, with regard to a land **which does not contain My desire,** i.e., outside of Eretz Yisrael, **its dead** will **not** come **alive.**


###### Ketubot 111a:17
[Ketubot 111a:17](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/111a:17)

מֵתִיב רַבִּי אַבָּא בַּר מֶמֶל: ״יִחְיוּ מֵתֶיךָ נְבֵלָתִי יְקוּמוּן״, מַאי לָאו: ״יִחְיוּ מֵתֶיךָ״ — מֵתִים שֶׁבְּאֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל. ״נְבֵלָתִי יְקוּמוּן״ — מֵתִים שֶׁבְּחוּץ לָאָרֶץ. וּמַאי ״וְנָתַתִּי צְבִי בְּאֶרֶץ חַיִּים״ — אַנְּבוּכַד נֶצַּר הוּא דִּכְתִיב, דְּאָמַר רַחֲמָנָא: מַיְיתֵינָא עֲלַיְיהוּ מַלְכָּא דְּקַלִּיל כִּי טַבְיָא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rabbi Abba bar Memel raised an objection** from a different verse: **“Your dead shall live; my dead bodies shall arise”** (Isaiah 26:19). **What, is it not** the case that the phrase **“Your dead shall live”** is referring to **the dead of Eretz Yisrael,** whereas the subsequent phrase **“My dead bodies shall arise”** is referring to **the dead of** the lands **outside** of **Eretz** Yisrael? **And** if so, **what** is the meaning of the verse **“And I will set glory [*tzvi*] in the land of the living”?** This verse **is written** with regard **to Nebuchadnezzar, as the Merciful One states: I will bring upon you a king who is as swift as a deer [*tzvi*].**


###### Ketubot 111a:18
[Ketubot 111a:18](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/111a:18)

אֲמַר לֵיהּ: רַבִּי, מִקְרָא אַחֵר אֲנִי דּוֹרֵשׁ: ״נוֹתֵן נְשָׁמָה לָעָם עָלֶיהָ וְרוּחַ לַהוֹלְכִים בָּהּ״. וְאֶלָּא הָכְתִיב ״נְבֵלָתִי יְקוּמוּן״! הָהוּא בִּנְפָלִים הוּא דִּכְתִיב.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Rabbi Elazar **said to** Rabbi Abba bar Memel: **My teacher, I teach** it from **a different verse,** as it is stated: **“He gives breath to the people upon it, and spirit to they who walk there”** (Isaiah 42:5). This indicates that the future resurrection is specifically for those who dwell in Eretz Yisrael. Rabbi Abba retorted: **But isn’t it written: “My dead bodies shall arise”?** How do you interpret this verse? Rabbi Elazar replied: **That** verse is not referring to those living outside Eretz Yisrael; rather, **it is written** with regard to **stillborns,** as they too will merit resurrection.


###### Ketubot 111a:19
[Ketubot 111a:19](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/111a:19)

וְרַבִּי אַבָּא בַּר מֶמֶל, הַאי ״נוֹתֵן נְשָׁמָה לָעָם עָלֶיהָ״ מַאי עָבֵיד לֵיהּ? מִיבְּעֵי לֵיהּ לְכִדְרַבִּי אֲבָהוּ. דְּאָמַר רַבִּי אֲבָהוּ: אֲפִילּוּ שִׁפְחָה כְּנַעֲנִית שֶׁבְּאֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל מוּבְטָח לָהּ שֶׁהִיא בַּת הָעוֹלָם הַבָּא. כְּתִיב הָכָא: ״לָעָם עָלֶיהָ״, וּכְתִיב הָתָם: ״שְׁבוּ לָכֶם פֹּה עִם הַחֲמוֹר״ — עַם הַדּוֹמֶה לַחֲמוֹר.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara asks: **And what does Rabbi Abba bar Memel do with this** verse **“He gives breath to the people upon it”?** The Gemara answers: **He requires** that verse **for that** which was taught by **Rabbi Abbahu. As Rabbi Abbahu said: Even a Canaanite maidservant in Eretz Yisrael is assured** a place in **the World-to-Come. It is written here: “To the people [*la’am*] upon it,” and it is written there: “Abide you here with [*im*] the donkey”** (Genesis 22:5). This verse in Genesis is traditionally interpreted to mean: **A people [*am*] that is similar to a donkey,** from which it may be inferred that even the members of this people merit a share in the world to come.


###### Ketubot 111a:20
[Ketubot 111a:20](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/111a:20)

״וְרוּחַ לַהוֹלְכִים בָּהּ״, אָמַר רַבִּי יִרְמְיָה בַּר אַבָּא אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן: כׇּל הַמְהַלֵּךְ אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת בְּאֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל מוּבְטָח לוֹ שֶׁהוּא בֶּן הָעוֹלָם הַבָּא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
With regard to the aforementioned verse **“And spirit to they who walk there”** (Isaiah 42:5), **Rabbi Yirmeya bar Abba said** that **Rabbi Yoḥanan said: Anyone who walks four cubits in Eretz Yisrael is assured of** a place in **the World-to-Come.**


###### Ketubot 111a:21
[Ketubot 111a:21](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/111a:21)

וּלְרַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר, צַדִּיקִים שֶׁבְּחוּץ לָאָרֶץ אֵינָם חַיִּים?! אָמַר רַבִּי אִילְעָא: עַל יְדֵי גִּלְגּוּל. מַתְקֵיף לַהּ רַבִּי אַבָּא סַלָּא רַבָּא: גִּלְגּוּל לְצַדִּיקִים צַעַר הוּא! אָמַר אַבָּיֵי: מְחִילּוֹת נַעֲשׂוֹת לָהֶם בַּקַּרְקַע.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara asks: **And according to** the opinion of **Rabbi Elazar,** will **the righteous outside** of **Eretz** Yisrael **not** come **alive** at the time of the resurrection of the dead? **Rabbi Ile’a said:** They will be resurrected **by means of rolling,** i.e., they will roll until they reach Eretz Yisrael, where they will be brought back to life. **Rabbi Abba Salla Rava strongly objects to this: Rolling is** an ordeal that entails **suffering for the righteous. Abaye said: Tunnels are prepared for them in the ground,** through which they pass to Eretz Yisrael.


###### Ketubot 111a:22
[Ketubot 111a:22](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/111a:22)

״וּנְשָׂאתַנִי מִמִּצְרַיִם וּקְבַרְתַּנִי בִּקְבוּרָתָם״, אָמַר קַרְנָא, דְּבָרִים בְּגוֹ: יוֹדֵעַ הָיָה יַעֲקֹב אָבִינוּ שֶׁצַּדִּיק גָּמוּר הָיָה, וְאִם מֵתִים שֶׁבְּחוּצָה לָאָרֶץ חַיִּים, לָמָה הִטְרִיחַ אֶת בָּנָיו? שֶׁמָּא לֹא יִזְכֶּה לִמְחִילּוֹת.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ The verse states that Jacob commanded Joseph: **“You shall carry me out of Egypt and bury me in their burying-place”** (Genesis 47:30). **Karna said:** There are **inner matters** here, i.e., a secret meaning: **Our Patriarch Jacob knew that he was completely righteous, and if the dead of** the lands **outside** of **Eretz** Yisrael come **alive, why did he trouble his sons** to bring him to Eretz Yisrael? The reason is that he was concerned **lest he not merit the tunnels.**


###### Ketubot 111a:23
[Ketubot 111a:23](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/111a:23)

כַּיּוֹצֵא בַּדָּבָר אַתָּה אוֹמֵר: ״וַיַּשְׁבַּע יוֹסֵף אֶת בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וְגוֹ׳״, אָמַר רַבִּי חֲנִינָא, דְּבָרִים בְּגוֹ: יוֹדֵעַ הָיָה יוֹסֵף בְּעַצְמוֹ שֶׁצַּדִּיק גָּמוּר הָיָה, וְאִם מֵתִים שֶׁבַּחוּצָה לָאָרֶץ חַיִּים, לָמָה הִטְרִיחַ אֶת אֶחָיו אַרְבַּע מֵאוֹת פַּרְסָה? שֶׁמָּא לֹא יִזְכֶּה לִמְחִילּוֹת.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**On a similar note, you say: “And Joseph took an oath of the children of Israel,** saying: God will surely remember you, and you shall carry up my bones from here” (Genesis 50:25). **Rabbi Ḥanina said:** There are **inner matters** here. **Joseph knew concerning himself that he was completely righteous, and if the dead of** the lands **outside** of **Eretz** Yisrael come **alive, why did he trouble his brothers** to carry his coffin **four hundreds parasangs** to Eretz Yisrael? The reason is that he was concerned **lest he not merit the tunnels.**


###### Ketubot 111a:24
[Ketubot 111a:24](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/111a:24)

שְׁלַחוּ לֵיהּ אֲחוֹהִי לְרַבָּה: יוֹדֵעַ הָיָה יַעֲקֹב שֶׁצַּדִּיק גָּמוּר הָיָה וְכוּ׳. אִילְפָא מוֹסִיף בָּהּ דְּבָרִים: מַעֲשֶׂה בְּאֶחָד שֶׁהָיָה מִצְטַעֵר עַל אִשָּׁה אַחַת, וּבִיקֵּשׁ לֵירֵד, כֵּיוָן שֶׁשָּׁמַע כָּזֹאת, גִּלְגֵּל בְּעַצְמוֹ עַד יוֹם מוֹתוֹ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ **Rabba’s brothers sent him** a letter to Babylonia from Eretz Yisrael, in which they mentioned this idea that **Jacob knew that he was completely righteous,** as detailed above. They continued by writing that **Ilfa adds matters to** this statement: **An incident** occurred **involving one who was suffering** through his love **for a certain woman** he desired to marry, **and he sought to descend** from Eretz Yisrael. **When he heard this** idea concerning the tremendous significance of living in Eretz Yisrael, **he suffered** without leaving the country **until the day he died.**


###### Ketubot 111a:25
[Ketubot 111a:25](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/111a:25)

אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁחָכָם גָּדוֹל אַתָּה, אֵינוֹ דּוֹמֶה לוֹמֵד מֵעַצְמוֹ לַלּוֹמֵד מֵרַבּוֹ. וְאִם תֹּאמַר אֵין לְךָ רַב — יֵשׁ לְךָ רַב, וּמַנּוּ — רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Rabba’s brothers further wrote in their letter: **And although you are a great Sage, one who studies by himself is not similar to one who studies from his teacher,** and therefore you should come to Eretz Yisrael. **And if you say** that **you do not have a teacher** in Eretz Yisrael, in fact **you do have a teacher. And who is he?** He is **Rabbi Yoḥanan.**


###### Ketubot 111a:26
[Ketubot 111a:26](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/111a:26)

וְאִם אֵין אַתָּה עוֹלֶה — הִזָּהֵר בִּשְׁלֹשָׁה דְּבָרִים: אַל תַּרְבֶּה בִּישִׁיבָה — שֶׁיְּשִׁיבָה קָשָׁה לְתַחְתּוֹנִיּוֹת, וְאַל תַּרְבֶּה בַּעֲמִידָה — שֶׁעֲמִידָה קָשָׁה לַלֵּב, וְאַל תַּרְבֶּה בַּהֲלִיכָה — שֶׁהֲלִיכָה קָשָׁה לָעֵינַיִם. אֶלָּא שְׁלִישׁ בִּישִׁיבָה, שְׁלִישׁ בַּעֲמִידָה, שְׁלִישׁ בְּהִילּוּךְ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And if you do not ascend** to Eretz Yisrael, **be careful in three matters: Do not sit excessively, as sitting is harmful with regard to hemorrhoids; do not stand excessively, as standing is harmful with regard to heart** trouble; **and do not walk excessively, as walking is harmful with regard to eye** problems. **Rather,** divide your time: **One-third for sitting, one-third for standing, and one-third for walking.**


###### Ketubot 111a:27
[Ketubot 111a:27](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/111a:27)

כׇּל יְשִׁיבָה שֶׁאֵין עִמָּהּ סְמִיכָה — עֲמִידָה נוֹחָה הֵימֶנָּה. עֲמִידָה סָלְקָא דַּעְתָּךְ? וְהָאָמְרַתְּ עֲמִידָה קָשָׁה לַלֵּב! אֶלָּא: יְשִׁיבָה

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Rabba’s brothers offered him more advice in their letter: With regard to **any sitting that is without support,** i.e., an object on which to lean, **standing is more comfortable than that** position. The Gemara asks: Can it **enter your mind** that **standing** is better than sitting? **Didn’t you say that standing is harmful with regard to heart** trouble? **Rather,** with regard to **sitting**