## Ketubot Daf 5a

###### Ketubot 5a:1
[Ketubot 5a:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/5a:1)

מִשּׁוּם חֶשְׁבּוֹנוֹת.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
It is **due to calculations** performed on Shabbat to prepare for the wedding. He would thereby engage in weekday matters on Shabbat.


###### Ketubot 5a:2
[Ketubot 5a:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/5a:2)

אֲמַר לֵיהּ אַבָּיֵי: וְחֶשְׁבּוֹנוֹת שֶׁל מִצְוָה מִי אֲסִירִי? וְהָא רַב חִסְדָּא וְרַב הַמְנוּנָא דְּאָמְרִי תַּרְוַיְיהוּ: חֶשְׁבּוֹנוֹת שֶׁל מִצְוָה מוּתָּר לְחַשְּׁבָן בְּשַׁבָּת! וְאָמַר רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר: פּוֹסְקִין צְדָקָה לַעֲנִיִּים בְּשַׁבָּת! וְאָמַר רַבִּי יַעֲקֹב אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן: הוֹלְכִין לְבָתֵּי כְנֵסִיּוֹת וּלְבָתֵּי מִדְרָשׁוֹת לְפַקֵּחַ עַל עִסְקֵי רַבִּים בְּשַׁבָּת. וְאָמַר רַבִּי יַעֲקֹב בַּר אִידֵּי אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן: מְפַקְּחִין פִּיקּוּחַ נֶפֶשׁ בְּשַׁבָּת.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Abaye said to him: And are calculations for a mitzva prohibited** on Shabbat? **But wasn’t it Rav Ḥisda and Rav Hamnuna who both said:** With regard to **calculations for a mitzva,** it is **permitted to reckon them on Shabbat? And Rabbi Elazar said: One may allocate charity to the poor on Shabbat. And Rabbi Ya’akov said** that **Rabbi Yoḥanan said: One goes to synagogues and study halls to supervise matters** affecting the **multitudes on Shabbat. And Rabbi Ya’akov bar Idi said** that **Rabbi Yoḥanan said: One supervises matters of saving a life on Shabbat.**


###### Ketubot 5a:3
[Ketubot 5a:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/5a:3)

וְאָמַר רַב שְׁמוּאֵל בַּר נַחְמָנִי אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹנָתָן: הוֹלְכִין לְטֵרַטְיָיאוֹת וּלְקִרְקְיָיאוֹת לְפַקֵּחַ עַל עִסְקֵי רַבִּים בְּשַׁבָּת. וְתָנָא דְּבֵי מְנַשְּׁיָא: מְשַׁדְּכִין עַל הַתִּינוֹקֶת לֵיאָרֵס בְּשַׁבָּת, וְעַל הַתִּינוֹק לְלַמְּדוֹ סֵפֶר וּלְלַמְּדוֹ אוּמָּנוּת.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And Rabbi Shmuel bar Naḥmani said** that **Rabbi Yonatan said: One goes to theaters [*tartiyyaot*] and circuses [*karkiyyaot*] to supervise matters** affecting the **multitudes on Shabbat,** because the fate of the Jewish people or of individual Jews is often decided there and one’s presence could prevent calamity. **And** the Sage **of the school of Menashya taught:** One **makes matches [*meshadkhin*]** among the families concerned **for a young girl to be betrothed on Shabbat, and** similarly one may make arrangements **for a young boy to teach him Torah and to teach him a craft.** Apparently, calculations for a mitzva may be reckoned on Shabbat, including calculations for a wedding. Therefore, this cannot be the reason for the prohibition against marrying at the conclusion of Shabbat.


###### Ketubot 5a:4
[Ketubot 5a:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/5a:4)

אֶלָּא, אָמַר רַבִּי זֵירָא: גְּזֵירָה שֶׁמָּא יִשְׁחוֹט בֶּן עוֹף. אֲמַר לֵיהּ אַבָּיֵי: אֶלָּא מֵעַתָּה, יוֹם הַכִּפּוּרִים שֶׁחָל לִהְיוֹת בְּשֵׁנִי בְּשַׁבָּת יִדָּחֶה, גְּזֵירָה שֶׁמָּא יִשְׁחוֹט בֶּן עוֹף! הָתָם דִּלְנַפְשֵׁיהּ — לָא טְרִיד, הָכָא דְּלַאֲחֵרִים — טְרִיד. אִי נָמֵי: הָתָם אִית לֵיהּ רַוְוחָא, הָכָא לֵית לֵיהּ רַוְוחָא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rather, Rabbi Zeira said: It is a decree lest one slaughter a young fowl on** Shabbat, due to his preoccupation with the preparations for that night’s wedding feast. **Abaye said to him: If** that is **so, Yom Kippur that occurs on Monday should be postponed** when fixing the calendar, due to **a decree lest one slaughter a young fowl** on Shabbat for the meal on Yom Kippur eve, which is a mitzva. The Gemara distinguishes between the cases. **There,** with regard to Yom Kippur eve, when one is preparing a meal **for himself, he is not preoccupied,** and he will not overlook the fact that it is Shabbat. **Here,** in the case of a wedding, one is preparing a meal **for others** and is **preoccupied. Alternatively, there,** on Yom Kippur eve, **he has an interval** of time during which he can slaughter the bird, as the mitzva is to eat the meal on Yom Kippur eve the next day. **Here, he does not have an interval** of time, because the wedding and the feast take place at night at the conclusion of Shabbat.


###### Ketubot 5a:5
[Ketubot 5a:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/5a:5)

הַשְׁתָּא דְּאָתֵית לְהָכִי, עֶרֶב שַׁבָּת נָמֵי — גְּזֵירָה שֶׁמָּא יִשְׁחוֹט בֶּן עוֹף.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara says: **Now that we have come to this** understanding of the prohibition against marrying at the conclusion of Shabbat, the prohibition not to engage in sexual intercourse on **Shabbat evening, too,** is not due to the intercourse. Rather, it is **a decree lest one slaughter a young fowl** for the wedding feast.


###### Ketubot 5a:6
[Ketubot 5a:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/5a:6)

אִיבַּעְיָא לְהוּ: בְּתוּלָה נִשֵּׂאת בָּרְבִיעִי וְנִבְעֶלֶת בָּרְבִיעִי, וְלָא חָיְישִׁינַן לְאִיקָּרוֹרֵי דַעְתָּא, אוֹ דִלְמָא: בְּתוּלָה נִשֵּׂאת בָּרְבִיעִי וְנִבְעֶלֶת בַּחֲמִישִׁי, דְּחָיְישִׁינַן לְאִיקָּרוֹרֵי דַעְתָּא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ The Gemara **raises a dilemma: Is a virgin married on Wednesday and** does she **engage in intercourse on** that **Wednesday, and we are not concerned** lest **his resolve** to take his bride to court upon discovering that she was not a virgin **cool** overnight? Rather, he will certainly go to court the next morning. **Or perhaps, a virgin is married on Wednesday but engages in intercourse on Thursday, as we are concerned that his resolve will cool.**


###### Ketubot 5a:7
[Ketubot 5a:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/5a:7)

תָּא שְׁמַע, דְּתָנֵי בַּר קַפָּרָא: בְּתוּלָה נִשֵּׂאת בָּרְבִיעִי וְנִבְעֶלֶת בַּחֲמִישִׁי, הוֹאִיל וְנֶאֶמְרָה בּוֹ בְּרָכָה לַדָּגִים. אַלְמָנָה נִשֵּׂאת בַּחֲמִישִׁי וְנִבְעֶלֶת בַּשִּׁשִּׁי — הוֹאִיל וְנֶאֶמְרָה בּוֹ בְּרָכָה לָאָדָם. טַעְמָא מִשּׁוּם בְּרָכָה, אֲבָל מִשּׁוּם אִיקָּרוֹרֵי דַעְתָּא — לָא חָיְישִׁינַן.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Come and hear** proof, **as bar Kappara taught: A virgin is married on Wednesday and engages in intercourse on Thursday, since the blessing to the fish:** Be fruitful and multiply, **was stated** on the fifth day of Creation. **A widow is married on Thursday and engages in intercourse on Friday, since the blessing** of procreation **was stated to man** on the sixth day of Creation. It may be inferred that **the reason is due to the blessing, but with regard to** the possibility lest **his resolve cool, we are not concerned.**


###### Ketubot 5a:8
[Ketubot 5a:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/5a:8)

אִי הָכִי, אַלְמָנָה נָמֵי תִּיבָּעֵל בַּחֲמִישִׁי, הוֹאִיל וְנֶאֶמְרָה בּוֹ בְּרָכָה לַדָּגִים! בְּרָכָה דְאָדָם עֲדִיפָא לֵיהּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara asks: **If so, a widow should also engage in intercourse on Thursday, since the blessing to the fish was stated then.** The Gemara answers: Since there is the option to postpone engaging in relations to the day on which **the blessing of man** was stated, doing so **is preferable for him.**


###### Ketubot 5a:9
[Ketubot 5a:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/5a:9)

וְאִי נָמֵי: מִשּׁוּם שָׁקְדוּ. דְּתַנְיָא: מִפְּנֵי מָה אָמְרוּ אַלְמָנָה נִשֵּׂאת בַּחֲמִישִׁי וְנִבְעֶלֶת בַּשִּׁשִּׁי? שֶׁאִם אַתָּה אוֹמֵר תִּיבָּעֵל בַּחֲמִישִׁי, לְמָחָר מַשְׁכִּים לְאוּמָּנֻתוֹ וְהוֹלֵךְ לוֹ. שָׁקְדוּ חֲכָמִים עַל תַּקָּנַת בְּנוֹת יִשְׂרָאֵל, שֶׁיְּהֵא שָׂמֵחַ עִמָּהּ שְׁלֹשָׁה יָמִים: חֲמִישִׁי בְּשַׁבָּת, וְעֶרֶב שַׁבָּת, וְשַׁבָּת.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Alternatively,** that day was established as the day for a widow to engage in sexual relations **due to** the fact that the Sages **were assiduous** in seeing to the well-being of Jewish women, **as it is taught** in a *baraita*: **Why did** the Sages **say that a widow is married on Thursday and engages in intercourse on Friday?** It is **because if you say that she should engage in intercourse on Thursday, on the next day** the groom will **go to** ply **his craft early** and leave his wife alone. When a man marries a widow, there is no observance of the seven days of rejoicing, whose legal status is like that of a Festival, during which he does not go to work. Therefore, **the Sages were assiduous in seeing to the well-being of Jewish women** and ensured **that** the groom **rejoice with her** for **three days: Thursday,** the day of the wedding; **and Shabbat eve,** the day when they engage in sexual relations; **and Shabbat.**


###### Ketubot 5a:10
[Ketubot 5a:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/5a:10)

מַאי אִיכָּא בֵּין ״בְּרָכָה״ לְ״שָׁקְדוּ״? אִיכָּא בֵּינַיְיהוּ אָדָם בָּטֵל. אִי נָמֵי: יוֹם טוֹב שֶׁחָל לִהְיוֹת בְּעֶרֶב שַׁבָּת.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**What** practical difference **is there between** the two reasons given to engage in relations on Friday, i.e., the **blessing** of procreation for man **and** the fact that the Sages **were assiduous?** The Gemara answers: **There is** a practical difference **between them** in the case of **an idle person,** who has no job, in which case the reason of blessing applies and the reason that the Sages were assiduous does not, as no matter what he will not go to work early. **Alternatively,** there is a practical difference in the case of **a Festival that occurs on Shabbat eve.** There too, the reason of blessing applies but the Sages’ assiduousness does not apply, as one does not work on a Festival.


###### Ketubot 5a:11
[Ketubot 5a:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/5a:11)

דָּרַשׁ בַּר קַפָּרָא: גְּדוֹלִים מַעֲשֵׂה צַדִּיקִים יוֹתֵר מִמַּעֲשֵׂה שָׁמַיִם וָאָרֶץ, דְּאִילּוּ בְּמַעֲשֵׂה שָׁמַיִם וָאָרֶץ כְּתִיב: ״אַף יָדִי יָסְדָה אֶרֶץ וִימִינִי טִפְּחָה שָׁמָיִם״, וְאִלּוּ בְּמַעֲשֵׂה יְדֵיהֶם שֶׁל צַדִּיקִים כְּתִיב: ״מָכוֹן לְשִׁבְתְּךָ פָּעַלְתָּ ה׳ מִקְּדָשׁ אֲדֹנָי כּוֹנְנוּ יָדֶיךָ״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ The Gemara cites additional aggadic statements of bar Kappara. **Bar Kappara taught: The handiwork of the righteous is greater than the creation of heaven and earth, as with regard to the creation of heaven and earth it is written: “My hand also has laid the foundation of the earth, and My right hand has spanned the heavens”** (Isaiah 48:13). There, hand is written in the singular. **Whereas with regard to the handiwork of the righteous it is written: “The place which You have made for Yourself to dwell in, Lord, the Sanctuary, Lord, which your hands have established” (Exodus 15:17).** The reference is to the Temple, which is the handiwork of man, and hand is written in the plural.


###### Ketubot 5a:12
[Ketubot 5a:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/5a:12)

הֵשִׁיב בַּבְלִי אֶחָד, וְרַבִּי חִיָּיא שְׁמוֹ: ״וְיַבֶּשֶׁת יָדָיו יָצָרוּ״! ״יָדוֹ״ כְּתִיב. וְהָכְתִיב ״יָצָרוּ״! אָמַר רַב נַחְמָן בַּר יִצְחָק: יָצְרוּ אֶצְבְּעוֹתָיו, כְּדִכְתִיב: ״כִּי אֶרְאֶה שָׁמֶיךָ מַעֲשֵׂה אֶצְבְּעוֹתֶיךָ יָרֵחַ וְכוֹכָבִים אֲשֶׁר כּוֹנָנְתָּ״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**A certain Babylonian, and his name is Rabbi Ḥiyya, responded** with a challenge. It is written with regard to creation of the earth: **“And His hands formed the dry land”** (Psalms 95:5). The Gemara answers: **“His hand”** is the way it **is written.** Although the word is vocalized in the plural, it is written in the singular, without the letter *yod*. **But isn’t it written: “Formed,”** in the plural? Rav Naḥman bar Yitzḥak said: The plural is referring to **His fingers, as it is written: “When I see Your heavens, the work of Your fingers, the moon and stars, which You have established”** (Psalms 8:4).


###### Ketubot 5a:13
[Ketubot 5a:13](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/5a:13)

מֵיתִיבִי: ״הַשָּׁמַיִם מְסַפְּרִים כְּבוֹד אֵל וּמַעֲשֵׂה יָדָיו מַגִּיד הָרָקִיעַ״! הָכִי קָאָמַר: מַעֲשֵׂה יְדֵיהֶם שֶׁל צַדִּיקִים מִי מַגִּיד — הָרָקִיעַ, וּמַאי נִיהוּ — מָטָר.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**The Gemara raises an objection: “The heavens declare the glory of God, and the firmament proclaims the work of His hands”** (Psalms 19:2). The heavens were created by His hands. The Gemara answers that **this** is what the verse **is saying: Who attests to the handiwork of the righteous,** that they are performing the will of God? It is **the heavens. And what is** the avenue through which the heavens do so? It is by means of **rain** that falls due to the prayers of the righteous.


###### Ketubot 5a:14
[Ketubot 5a:14](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/5a:14)

דָּרַשׁ בַּר קַפָּרָא, מַאי דִּכְתִיב: ״וְיָתֵד תִּהְיֶה לְךָ עַל אֲזֵנֶךָ״. אַל תִּקְרֵי ״אֲזֵנֶךָ״, אֶלָּא ״עַל אׇזְנֶךָ״ — שֶׁאִם יִשְׁמַע אָדָם דָּבָר שֶׁאֵינוֹ הָגוּן,

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Bar Kappara taught: What is** the meaning of that which **is written: And you shall have a peg among your weapons [*azenekha*]”** (Deuteronomy 23:14)? **Do not read** it as: **Your weapons [*azenekha*]. Rather,** read it: **On your ear [*oznekha*],** meaning **that if a person hears an inappropriate matter,**