## Ketubot Daf 78a

###### Ketubot 78a:1
[Ketubot 78a:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/78a:1)

**הָאִשָּׁה שֶׁנָּפְלוּ** לָהּ נְכָסִים עַד שֶׁלֹּא תִּתְאָרֵס — מוֹדִים בֵּית שַׁמַּאי וּבֵית הִלֵּל שֶׁמּוֹכֶרֶת וְנוֹתֶנֶת וְקַיָּים. נָפְלוּ לָהּ מִשֶּׁנִּתְאָרְסָה — בֵּית שַׁמַּאי אוֹמְרִים: תִּמְכּוֹר, וּבֵית הִלֵּל אוֹמְרִים: לֹא תִּמְכּוֹר. אֵלּוּ וָאֵלּוּ מוֹדִים שֶׁאִם מָכְרָה וְנָתְנָה קַיָּים.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**MISHNA:** With regard to a **woman to whom property was bequeathed before she was betrothed,** and she was then betrothed, **Beit Shammai and Beit Hillel agree that she may sell or give** the property as a gift, **and** the transaction **is valid.** However, if the property **was bequeathed to her after she was betrothed, Beit Shammai say: She may sell** it as long as she is betrothed, **and Beit Hillel say: She may not sell** it. Both **these,** Beit Shammai, **and those,** Beit Hillel, **agree that if she sold** it **or gave** it away as a gift, the transaction is **valid.**


###### Ketubot 78a:2
[Ketubot 78a:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/78a:2)

אָמַר רַבִּי יְהוּדָה: אָמְרוּ חֲכָמִים לִפְנֵי רַבָּן גַּמְלִיאֵל: הוֹאִיל וְזָכָה בָּאִשָּׁה, לֹא יִזְכֶּה בַּנְּכָסִים? אָמַר לָהֶם: עַל הַחֲדָשִׁים אָנוּ בּוֹשִׁים, אֶלָּא שֶׁאַתֶּם מְגַלְגְּלִין עָלֵינוּ אֶת הַיְּשָׁנִים?!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rabbi Yehuda said** that **the Sages said before Rabban Gamliel: Since he acquired the woman** herself through betrothal, will he **not acquire the property** from the moment of their betrothal? Why, then, is her transaction valid? Rabban Gamliel **said to them: With regard to the new** property that she inherited after marriage, **we are ashamed,** because it is unclear why she cannot sell it, as it is hers; **and you** also seek to **impose upon us** a prohibition with regard to **the old** property that she owned beforehand?


###### Ketubot 78a:3
[Ketubot 78a:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/78a:3)

נָפְלוּ לָהּ מִשֶּׁנִּשֵּׂאת, אֵלּוּ וְאֵלּוּ מוֹדִים שֶׁאִם מָכְרָה וְנָתְנָה, שֶׁהַבַּעַל מוֹצִיא מִיַּד הַלָּקוֹחוֹת. עַד שֶׁלֹּא נִשֵּׂאת וְנִשֵּׂאת, רַבָּן גַּמְלִיאֵל אוֹמֵר: אִם מָכְרָה וְנָתְנָה — קַיָּים. אָמַר רַבִּי חֲנִינָא בֶּן עֲקַבְיָא, אָמְרוּ לִפְנֵי רַבָּן גַּמְלִיאֵל: הוֹאִיל וְזָכָה בָּאִשָּׁה, לֹא יִזְכֶּה בַּנְּכָסִים? אָמַר לָהֶם: עַל הַחֲדָשִׁים אָנוּ בּוֹשִׁים, אֶלָּא שֶׁאַתֶּם מְגַלְגְּלִין עָלֵינוּ הַיְּשָׁנִים?!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
If the property **was bequeathed to her after she was married,** both **these,** Beit Shammai, **and those,** Beit Hillel, **agree that if she sold** the property **or gave** it away, **the husband may repossess** it **from the purchasers.** If she inherited the property **before she was married and** then **was married, Rabban Gamliel says: If she sold or gave** the property away, the transaction is **valid. Rabbi Ḥanina ben Akavya said** that the Sages **said before Rabban Gamliel: Since he acquired the woman** through marriage, will he **not acquire the property?** Rabban Gamliel **said to them: With regard to the new** property **we are ashamed, and you** also seek to **impose upon us** a prohibition with regard to **the old** property?


###### Ketubot 78a:4
[Ketubot 78a:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/78a:4)

רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן חוֹלֵק בֵּין נְכָסִים לִנְכָסִים, נְכָסִים הַיְּדוּעִין לַבַּעַל — לֹא תִּמְכּוֹר, וְאִם מָכְרָה וְנָתְנָה — בָּטֵל. שֶׁאֵינָן יְדוּעִין לַבַּעַל — לֹא תִּמְכּוֹר, וְאִם מָכְרָה וְנָתְנָה — קַיָּים.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rabbi Shimon distinguishes between** one type of **property and** another type of **property: Property that is known to the husband she may not sell** once she is married, **and if she sold** it **or gave** it away, the transaction is **void.** Property **that is unknown to the husband she may not sell, but if she sold** it **or gave** it away, the transaction is **valid.**


###### Ketubot 78a:5
[Ketubot 78a:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/78a:5)

**גְּמָ׳** מַאי שְׁנָא רֵישָׁא דְּלָא פְּלִיגִי, וּמַאי שְׁנָא סֵיפָא דִּפְלִיגִי?

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**GEMARA:** The Gemara asks: **What is different** in the **first clause** of the mishna, when she inherited property before she was betrothed, such **that** Beit Shammai and Beit Hillel **do not disagree, and what is different** in **the latter clause,** when she inherited property after betrothal, such **that they disagree?** If the dispute concerns the right to her property after she is betrothed, what difference does it make whether her ownership began before or after the betrothal?


###### Ketubot 78a:6
[Ketubot 78a:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/78a:6)

אָמְרִי דְּבֵי רַבִּי יַנַּאי: רֵישָׁא — בִּזְכוּתָהּ נָפְלוּ. סֵיפָא — בִּזְכוּתוֹ נָפְלוּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara answers that the Sages **of the school of Rabbi Yannai say: In the first clause,** where she inherited the property before her betrothal, the inheritance **was bequeathed** to her during a period when **she** had **rights** to her property, whereas **in the latter clause,** the inheritance **was bequeathed** to her during a period when **he** had **rights** to her property.


###### Ketubot 78a:7
[Ketubot 78a:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/78a:7)

אִם בִּזְכוּתוֹ נָפְלוּ, כִּי מָכְרָה וְנָתְנָה אַמַּאי קַיָּים? אֶלָּא: רֵישָׁא — וַדַּאי בִּזְכוּתָהּ נָפְלוּ. סֵיפָא — אֵימַר בִּזְכוּתָהּ, אֵימַר בִּזְכוּתוֹ. לְכַתְּחִלָּה לֹא תִּמְכּוֹר, אִם מָכְרָה וְנָתְנָה — קַיָּים.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara raises a difficulty: **If,** in the latter clause the property **was bequeathed** to her when **he** had **rights** to it, **why** is the transaction **valid when she sold** it **or gave** it away? **Rather,** in **the first clause,** where she inherited the property before her betrothal, it **certainly was bequeathed** to her when **she** had **rights** to it and it therefore fully belongs to her. However, in **the latter clause,** where she inherited it after her betrothal, one can **say** that perhaps during this time **she has rights** to it, or **say** that perhaps during this time **he has rights** to it. Since the ownership of the property is a matter of uncertainty, Beit Hillel rule that **she may not sell *ab initio*,** but **if she sold** it **or gave** it away, the transaction is **valid.**


###### Ketubot 78a:8
[Ketubot 78a:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Ketubot/r/78a:8)

אָמַר רַבִּי יְהוּדָה, אָמְרוּ לִפְנֵי רַבָּן גַּמְלִיאֵל. אִיבַּעְיָא לְהוּ, רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אַלְּכַתְּחִלָּה, אוֹ אַדִּיעֲבַד?

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ The mishna states that **Rabbi Yehuda said** that the Sages **said before Rabban Gamliel:** Since he acquired the woman herself through betrothal, will he not acquire the property from the moment of their betrothal? **A dilemma was raised before** the Sages: When **Rabbi Yehuda** cited this question of the Sages, was he referring **to** her selling the property ***ab initio*,** which is permitted only according to Beit Shammai, **or** was he referring **to** the sale **after the fact,** which is valid even according to Beit Hillel?