## Kitzur Shulchan Arukh Siman 83

###### Kitzur Shulchan Arukh 83:1
[Kitzur Shulchan Arukh 83:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Kitzur%20Shulchan%20Arukh/r/83:1)

הֶקֵּף מְחִצּוֹת לְטַלְטֵל בְּתוֹכָן, לֹא מַהֲנֵי אֶלָּא כְּשֶׁהֻקַּף לְדִירָה. וּמַהוּ נִקְרָא מֻקָּף לְדִירָה. זֶה שֶׁבָּנָה לוֹ בֵּית דִּירָה, אוֹ שֶׁפָּתַח פֶּתַח מִבֵּיתוֹ וְאַחַר כָּךְ הִקִּיף שָׁם בִּמְחִצּוֹת, כְּדֶרֶךְ שֶׁעוֹשִׂין הַחֲצֵרוֹת לַבָּתִים, אָז אֲפִלּוּ אִם הוּא גָּדוֹל הַרְבֵּה מְאֹד, הֲוֵי רְשׁוּת הַיָּחִיד גְּמוּרָה. אֲבָל כָּל שֶׁהֻקַּף שֶׁלֹּא לְשֵׁם דִּירָה, כְּגוֹן גַּנּוֹת וּפַרְדְּסִים, שֶׁאֵין הַמְּחִצּוֹת עֲשׂוּיוֹת אֶלָּא לִשְׁמוֹר מַה שֶׁבְּתוֹכָן, בְּאֵלּוּ יֵשׁ חִלּוּק בְּגָדְלָן. אִם אֵינוֹ גָּדוֹל מִבֵּית סָאתַיִם (שֶיְבִאַר בְּסָעִיף שֶלְאַחַר זֶה), מֻתָּרִין לְטַלְטֵל בְּתוֹכוֹ (וְעַיֵּן לְקַמָּן סָעִיף ג) אֲבָל אִם הוּא גָדוֹל מִבֵּית סָאתַיִם דִּינוֹ כְּכַרְמְלִית.

**Kitzur Shulchan Aruch, trans. Rabbi Avrohom Davis, Metsudah Pub., 1996:**
Fencing an area with partitions to make carrying in it permissible, will serve that purpose only when the area was fenced around for dwelling purposes. What is meant by "fenced around for dwelling purposes" ? If you built a house to live in, or you opened a door from your house, and fenced the area with partitions, the way courtyards are built for houses, then, even if the [enclosed area] is very large, it is an absolute private domain. But areas that have been fenced around for other than dwelling purposes, such as gardens or orchards,¹ 358: 1 on whether animal dwellings are considered dwellings. whose fences are made only to guard their contents, these are graded by their size. If the area would not require more than two *seahs*² [of seed], you may carry things in it, but if it would require more than two *seahs* [of seed], it is considered a *karmelis*.³ it is a private domain [*Shulchan Aruch Harav* 358]

footnotes:
¹ See Biur Halachah
² See paragraph 2.
³ Rabbinically. But mide’oraisa


###### Kitzur Shulchan Arukh 83:2
[Kitzur Shulchan Arukh 83:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Kitzur%20Shulchan%20Arukh/r/83:2)

כַּמָּה הוּא שִׁעוּר סָאתַיִם. כְּמוֹ שֶׁהָיָה חֲצַר הַמִּשְׁכָּן, מֵאָה אַמָּה אֹרֶךְ וַחֲמִשִּׁים אַמָּה רֹחַב. וְאִם הוּא מְרֻבָּע, עוֹלֶה בַּחֶשְׁבּוֹן שִׁבְעִים אַמָּה וְאַרְבָּעָה טְפָחִים עַל שִׁבְעִים אַמָּה וְאַרְבָּעָה טְפָחִים (וּבְאַמּוֹת שֶׁלָּנוּ חֲמִשִּׁים וְשָׁלֹשׁ עַל חֲמִשִּׁים וְשָׁלֹשׁ וּמְעַט יוֹתֵר). וְאִם הַמָּקוֹם עָגֹל אוֹ בִּשְׁאָר צִיּוּר צְרִיכִין גַּם כֵּן לַחְשׁוֹב כֵּן שֶׁיַּעֲלֶה בְּתִשְׁבֹּרֶת (בִּמְרֻבָּע), חֲמֵשֶׁת אֲלָפִים אַמָּה. (וּבָאַמּוֹת שֶׁלָּנוּ שְׁלשֶׁת אֲלָפִים שְׁבַע מֵאוֹת וַחֲמִשִּׁים). אַךְ אִם אָרְכּוֹ יוֹתֵר עַל פִּי שְׁנַיִם בְּרָחְבּוֹ אֲפִלּוּ רַק אַמָּה אַחַת, אָז נֶחְשָׁב כְּיוֹתֵר מִבֵּית סָאתַיִם כֵּיוָן שֶׁאֵינוֹ דּוֹמֶה לַחֲצַר הַמִּשְׁכָּן.

**Kitzur Shulchan Aruch, trans. Rabbi Avrohom Davis, Metsudah Pub., 1996:**
What is the size of an area requiring two *seahs* [of seed] ? It is the area of the courtyard of the Tabernacle, [which was] one hundred *amos* long by fifty *amos* wide. If the space is a square, it would measure seventy *amos* and four *tefachim* by seventy *amos* and four *tefachim*. (In our *amos* it measures fifty three by fifty three and a little more).⁴ If the area is circular or in any other shape, it should also be calculated to measure 5, 000 square *amos*. (In our *amos* it is 3, 750.)⁵ However, if the length of the area is more than twice its width even if only by one *amah*,⁶ longer it is valid. [*Magein Avraham, Mishnah Berurah*] then it is considered as requiring more than two *seahs* [of seed],⁷. If it is less, you may carry there regardless of its length. [*Peri Megadim, Rabbi Akiva Eiger—Rambam* 16: 4, *Mishnah Berurah* 358: 12] since it does not resemble the courtyard of the Tabernacle.

footnotes:
⁴ The author’s intent here is unclear.
⁵ See preceeding note.
⁶ If it is less than one amah
⁷ This is true only if the area is a beis sa’asayim


###### Kitzur Shulchan Arukh 83:3
[Kitzur Shulchan Arukh 83:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Kitzur%20Shulchan%20Arukh/r/83:3)

מָקוֹם שֶׁמֻּקָּף שֶׁלֹּא לְשֵׁם דִּירָה, וְהוּא אֵינוֹ גָּדוֹל מִבֵּית סָאתַיִם, שֶׁמֻּתָּר לְטַלְטֵל בְּתוֹכוֹ, אִם יֵשׁ בְּסָמוּךְ לוֹ חָצֵר, מֻתָּר גַּם כֵּן לְהוֹצִיא מִתּוֹכוֹ לֶחָצֵר וּמֵחָצֵר לְתוֹכוֹ, כֵּלִים שֶׁשָׁבְתוּ בְּתוֹכוֹ אוֹ בֶּחָצֵר, כִּי נֶחְשָׁב לִרְשׁוּת אַחַת עִם הֶחָצֵר. אֲבָל אֵינוֹ רְשׁוּת אַחַת עִם הַבַּיִת, שֶׁהַכֵּלִים שֶׁשָׁבְתוּ בְּתוֹכוֹ, אָסוּר לְהַכְנִיסָן לְתוֹךְ הַבָּיִת וְהַכֵּלִים שֶׁשָׁבְתוּ בַּבַּיִת, אָסוּר לְהַכְנִיסָן לְשָׁם.

**Kitzur Shulchan Aruch, trans. Rabbi Avrohom Davis, Metsudah Pub., 1996:**
A space which has been fenced around for other than dwelling purposes, and which is not larger than "two *seahs*" so that you are allowed to carry in it, if there is a courtyard next to it, you are also permitted to carry from there into the courtyard and from the courtyard into the enclosed space, because [the enclosure] and the court are considered as one domain. However, it is not considered the same domain as the house, and therefore the vessels in such an enclosed space are forbidden to be carried into the house, and vessels that are in the house are forbidden to be carried into the enclosed space.


###### Kitzur Shulchan Arukh 83:4
[Kitzur Shulchan Arukh 83:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Kitzur%20Shulchan%20Arukh/r/83:4)

מָקוֹם שֶׁהֻקַּף שֶׁלֹּא לְשֵׁם דִּירָה, דְּהַיְנוּ שֶׁמִּתְּחִלָּה הִקִּיף בִּמְחִצּוֹת, וְאַחַר כָּךְ בָּנָה שָׁם בֵּית דִּירָה אוֹ שֶׁפָּתַח לְשָׁם פֶּתַח מִבֵּיתוֹ, מַאי תַּקָּנָתֵיה לַעֲשׂוֹתוֹ מֻקָּף לְדִירָה. יִפְרֹץ בַּמְּחִצּוֹת מָקוֹם יָתֵר עַל עֶשֶׂר אַמּוֹת, (כִּי עֶשֶׂר אַמּוֹת חֲשׁוּבוֹת כְּפֶתַח, וְיָתֵר מִכֵּן הֲוֵי פִּרְצָה), וְנִתְבַּטְּלוּ הַמְּחִצּוֹת, וְאַחַר כָּךְ יִגְּדֹּוֹר אוֹתָהּ, וְנֶחְשָׁב מֻקָּף לְדִירָה.

**Kitzur Shulchan Aruch, trans. Rabbi Avrohom Davis, Metsudah Pub., 1996:**
If you fenced around a space with partions⁸ it seems that this holds true even if you fenced the area with the intention to build or open up the house. The *Peri Megadim* and *Shulchan Aruch Harav* support this view, but the *Mishnah Berurah* 358: 19 tends to be *meikil. Sha’ar Hatziyun* 358: 21 quotes *Rishonim* and *Acharonim* to that effect. for other than dwelling purposes, and afterwards built a dwelling on it, or you made a door in the house leading to it; what can legally be done to change it into an enclosure for dwelling purposes? You should make a break in the partition of more than ten *amos;* because an opening of ten *amos* is considered a door; but if it is more than that, it is considered a break, whereby the partitions will be nullified.⁹ 358: 12. See *Rema* for other methods. After that if you repair the fence,¹⁰ (doorway). [*Peri Megadim* 358: 5] it will be considered as fenced around for dwelling purposes.

footnotes:
⁸ From the Kitzur Shulchan Aruch
⁹ Mishnah Berurah
¹⁰ Or you can make a tzuras hapesach


###### Kitzur Shulchan Arukh 83:5
[Kitzur Shulchan Arukh 83:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Kitzur%20Shulchan%20Arukh/r/83:5)

חָצֵר שֶׁהִיא יוֹתֵר מִבֵּית סָאתַיִם, וְנָטַע בָּהּ אִילָנוֹת, אֲפִלּוּ בְּרֻבָּהּ, לֹא נִתְבַּטְּלָה בָּזֶה הַדִּירָה וַעֲדַיִן חֲשוּבָה מֻקֶּפֶת לָדִּירָה, שֶׁכֵּן דֶּרֶךְ הָאָדָם לְהִסְתּוֹפֵף בְּצֵל אִילָנוֹת. אֲבָל אִם זָרַע בָּהּ זְרָעִים, אִם זֶה בְּרֹב הֶחָצֵר, (אֲפִלּוּ אֵינוֹ בְּמָקוֹם אֶחָד אֶלָּא מְפֻזָר), נִתְבַּטֵּלָה בָּזֶה הַדִּירָה וְחֲשׁוּבָה כֻּלָהּ כְּגִנָּה. וְאִם זֶה בְּמוּעַט הֶחָצֵר, אִם הוּא פָּחוּת מִבֵּית סָאתַיִם, בָּטֵל לְגַבֵּי הֶחָצֵר וְכֻלּוֹ דִּינוֹ כֶּחָצֵר. אֲבָל אִם הוּא יוֹתֵר מִבֵּית סָאתַים (בְּמָקוֹם אֶחָד), הֲרֵי מְקוֹם הַזֶּרַע כְּמוֹ כַּרְמְלִית, וְהַשְּׁאָר מִן הֶחָצֵר הֲרֵי הוּא פָּרוּץ בְּמִלּוּאוֹ לַמָקוֹם הָאָסוּר, וְאָסוּר לְטַלְטֵל גַּם בּוֹ רַק בְּאַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת.

**Kitzur Shulchan Aruch, trans. Rabbi Avrohom Davis, Metsudah Pub., 1996:**
[If you have] a courtyard that is larger than two *seahs*, and you planted trees in it,¹¹ 6, Resp. 48] even in the greater part of it, the status of dwelling is thereby not nullified, and it is still considered as fenced around for dwelling purposes, because people usually spend time in the shade of trees. However, if you planted¹² say that gardens planted for beauty and relaxation are like trees. [*Maharyo Halevi* 2, Resp. 101, *Maharsham* 6, Resp. 48 *Imrei Yosher* 1, Resp. 109. The *Divrei Chaim* 2, *Orach Chaim* Resp. 25 disagrees.] seeds that cover the greater part of the yard (even if it is not in one area, but scattered) the status of dwellings has been nullified¹³ say that planting nullifies the status of dwellings only when the planting was done after the walls were put up, but if you put up a wall around an existing garden for dwelling purposes, the garden does not affect the status of the dwelling. [*Divrei Malkiel* 4 Resp. 3; *Dovev Meisharim* 1 Resp. 2] and the entire [yard] is considered as a garden. If [the planted area] covers less than half of the courtyard; and this area is less than two *seahs*, it is of no consequence compared to the courtyard and the whole area is regarded as a courtyard.¹⁴ 358: 83] But if [the planted area] covers more than two *seahs* (in one place), then the planted area is regarded as a *karmelis*, and the rest of the courtyard is completely open to a place which is forbidden (to carry into), and thus it is forbidden to carry anything in it except within four *amos*.

footnotes:
¹¹ Including non-fruit bearing trees. [Maharsham
¹² Vegetable seeds. Most poskim
¹³ Most poskim
¹⁴ Except that you may not carry vessels from the house to the garden. [Mishnah Berurah


###### Kitzur Shulchan Arukh 83:6
[Kitzur Shulchan Arukh 83:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Kitzur%20Shulchan%20Arukh/r/83:6)

וְכֵן חָצֵר שֶׁאֵין בָּהּ אֶלָּא בֵּית סָאתַיִם אוֹ פָּחוֹת וְזָרַע בְּמִקְצָתָהּ, גַּם כֵּן נִדּוֹן אַחַר הָרֹב. וְאִם רֻבָּהּ זָרוּעַ, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁמֻּתָּרִין לְטַלְטֵל שָׁם, כֵּיוָן שֶׁאֵינָהּ יוֹתֵר מִבֵּית סָאתַיִם, מִכָּל מָקוֹם כֵּלִים שֶׁשָׁבְתוּ בַּבַּיִת, אָסוּר לְהוֹצִיא לְשָׁם (כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתַבְתִּי בְּסָעִיף ג'). וְלָכֵן צָרִיךְ לַעֲשׂוֹת מְחִצָּה בִּפְנֵי הַגִּנָּה, שֶׁיְהֵא מֻתָּר לוֹ לְהוֹצִיא מִן הַבַּיִת אֶל הֶחָצֵר (שנ"ח).

**Kitzur Shulchan Aruch, trans. Rabbi Avrohom Davis, Metsudah Pub., 1996:**
Likewise, a courtyard measuring only two *seahs* or less, part of which has been planted, should also be judged by the greater part of it. If the greater part has been planted, although you are permitted to carry there, since it is not larger than two *seahs*, nevertheless, vessels that are in your house are forbidden to be carried into it. Therefore, it is necessary to make a partition in front of the garden in order that you may carry things from the house into the courtyard.¹⁵ 358: 10, *Mishnah Berurah*.

footnotes:
¹⁵ Shulchan Aruch