## Menachot Daf 104b

###### Menachot 104b:1
[Menachot 104b:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/104b:1)

מִיבַּעְיָא לִי, מַאי: גַּבְרָא לִשְׁנֵי פָּרִים קָא מְכַוֵּין, וְעַד דִּמְמַלֵּי לְהוּ לָא קׇרְבִי, אוֹ דִלְמָא לִשְׁנֵי אֵילִים וְכֶבֶשׂ אֶחָד קָמְכַוֵּוין? תְּרֵי מֵחַד מִינָא וְחַד מֵחַד מִינָא אָמְרִינַן, אוֹ לָא? מַאי? תֵּיקוּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**I ask, what** is the *halakha*? Does **the man** who vowed to bring eleven *log* **intend** to bring an amount of wine corresponding to that which is brought in association with an offering **of two bulls,** i.e., twelve *log*, **and until he accumulates that** amount, the libation **is not brought? Or perhaps he intends** to bring an amount equal to that associated **with two rams and one lamb,** i.e., four for each ram and three for the lamb, totaling eleven. **Do we say** that he intended to bring **two** libations associated **with one type,** i.e., a ram, **and one** libation associated **with another type,** i.e., a lamb, **or not? What** is the *halakha*? The Gemara concludes: The dilemma **shall stand** unresolved.


###### Menachot 104b:2
[Menachot 104b:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/104b:2)

**מַתְנִי׳** מִתְנַדְּבִין יַיִן, וְאֵין מִתְנַדְּבִין שֶׁמֶן, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא. רַבִּי טַרְפוֹן אוֹמֵר: מִתְנַדְּבִין שֶׁמֶן.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**MISHNA:** **One may pledge** to bring independent libations of **wine, but one may not pledge oil** alone; this is **the statement of Rabbi Akiva. Rabbi Tarfon says: One may pledge oil** as well.


###### Menachot 104b:3
[Menachot 104b:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/104b:3)

אָמַר רַבִּי טַרְפוֹן: מָה מָצִינוּ בְּיַיִן, שֶׁהוּא בָּא חוֹבָה וּבָא נְדָבָה, אַף שֶׁמֶן שֶׁהוּא בָּא חוֹבָה בָּא נְדָבָה. אָמַר לוֹ רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא: לֹא, אִם אָמַרְתָּ בְּיַיִן שֶׁכֵּן קָרֵב עִם חוֹבָתוֹ בִּפְנֵי עַצְמוֹ, תֹּאמַר בְּשֶׁמֶן שֶׁאֵינוֹ קָרֵב עִם חוֹבָתוֹ בִּפְנֵי עַצְמוֹ?

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rabbi Tarfon said: Just as we found that wine comes** as **an obligation and comes** as **a gift offering** independent of any offering, **so too,** we find **that oil comes** as **an obligation and comes** as **a gift** offering. **Rabbi Akiva said to him: No, if you said** that this is true **with regard to wine, as** it is **sacrificed with its obligatory** offering **by itself, shall you** also **say** that this is also the case **with regard to oil, which is never sacrificed with its obligatory** offering **by itself but only** mixed with the flour?


###### Menachot 104b:4
[Menachot 104b:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/104b:4)

אֵין שְׁנַיִם מִתְנַדְּבִין עִשָּׂרוֹן אֶחָד, אֲבָל מִתְנַדְּבִין עוֹלָה וּשְׁלָמִים, וְעוֹף – אֲפִילּוּ פְּרֵידָה אַחַת.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The mishna concludes with a ruling concerning a voluntary meal offering: **Two** people **do not pledge** a meal offering of **a tenth** of an ephah as partners, **but they may pledge a burnt offering and a peace offering. And** they may pledge to bring even **an individual bird,** not only a pair.


###### Menachot 104b:5
[Menachot 104b:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/104b:5)

**גְּמָ׳** אָמַר רָבָא: מִדִּבְרֵי שְׁנֵיהֶם נִלְמוֹד, מִתְנַדֵּב אָדָם מִנְחַת נְסָכִים בְּכׇל יוֹם.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**GEMARA:** With regard to the dispute between Rabbi Tarfon and Rabbi Akiva about whether one can pledge oil, **Rava said: From the statements of both of them, we learn** that **a person may pledge a meal offering** like those brought **with the libations** that accompany animal offerings every day.


###### Menachot 104b:6
[Menachot 104b:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/104b:6)

פְּשִׁיטָא? מַהוּ דְּתֵימָא: מִנְחַת נְדָבָה גַּלִּי בַּהּ רַחֲמָנָא – הָנֵי חֲמִשָּׁה מְנָחוֹת אִין, טְפֵי לָא! קָא מַשְׁמַע לַן: הָנֵי מִילֵּי בִּסְתָמָא, אֲבָל הֵיכָא דְּפָרֵישׁ – פָּרֵישׁ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara asks: Isn’t that **obvious?** The Gemara explains: It needed to be said, **lest you say** that **the Merciful One revealed** the nature of **a voluntary meal offering** (see Leviticus, chapter 2). Perhaps only **those five meal offerings** detailed there are **indeed** brought as voluntary offerings, but any **additional** types, such as a meal offering brought with libations, are **not.** Rava therefore **teaches us** that **these matters** in the Torah apply only **where** his pledge of a meal offering was **unspecified, but where he specified** that the oil and flour about which he vows should be brought in the manner of a meal offering with libations, then **he has specified,** and the vow takes effect.


###### Menachot 104b:7
[Menachot 104b:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/104b:7)

אֵין שְׁנַיִם מִתְנַדְּבִין. מַאי טַעְמָא? אִילֵּימָא מִשּׁוּם דִּכְתִיב ״תַּקְרִיב״, עוֹלָה נָמֵי הָא כְּתִיב ״יַקְרִיב״!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ The mishna stated that **two** people **do not pledge** a tenth of an ephah together. The Gemara asks: **What is the reason? If we say** that it is **because it is written:** “And when an individual **brings** a meal offering” (Leviticus 2:1), in the singular, that is not a proof, as with regard to **a burnt offering as well, it is written** in the singular: “When any man of you **brings** an offering” (Leviticus 1:2). Nevertheless, two people may bring a burnt offering together, as stated in the mishna.


###### Menachot 104b:8
[Menachot 104b:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/104b:8)

אֶלָּא עוֹלָה מַאי טַעְמָא, דִּכְתִיב ״לְעֹלֹתֵיכֶם״, מִנְחָה נָמֵי הָא כְּתִיב ״לְמִנְחֹתֵיכֶם״, אֶלָּא מִשּׁוּם דִּכְתִיב בָּהּ ״נֶפֶשׁ״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rather, what is the reason** that **a burnt offering** is brought by two people? The reason is **that it is written** in second person plural: “These you shall offer…beside **your burnt offerings [*le’oloteikhem*],** or your meal offerings, or your drink offerings, or your peace offerings” (Numbers 29:39). The Gemara points out: With regard to **a meal offering,** it is **also written** in the plural: **“Your meal offerings [*leminḥoteikhem*].” Rather,** the reason that one may not bring a meal offering as a partnership is **because it is written:** “And when **an individual** brings a meal offering” (Leviticus 2:1), indicating that only one individual may offer it, but not two together.


###### Menachot 104b:9
[Menachot 104b:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/104b:9)

תַּנְיָא נָמֵי הָכִי, רַבִּי אוֹמֵר: ״אֲשֶׁר יַקְרִיב קׇרְבָּנוֹ לְכׇל נִדְרֵיהֶם וּלְכׇל נִדְבוֹתָם אֲשֶׁר יַקְרִיבוּ לַה׳״ – הַכֹּל בָּאִין בְּשׁוּתָּפוּת, לֹא סִילֵּק הַכָּתוּב אֶלָּא מִנְחָה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״נֶפֶשׁ״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**This is also taught** in a *baraita*: **Rabbi** Yehuda HaNasi **states** an explanation of the following verse: “Anyone **that brings his offering, whether it be any of their vows, or any of their free-will offerings that they sacrifice to the Lord”** (Leviticus 22:18). It is evident from the use of the plural in the second part of the verse that **any** offering can **be brought in a partnership, and the verse excludes only a meal offering** from this principle, **as it is stated:** “And when **an individual** brings a meal offering.”


###### Menachot 104b:10
[Menachot 104b:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/104b:10)

אָמַר רַבִּי יִצְחָק: מִפְּנֵי מָה נִשְׁתַּנֵּית מִנְחָה שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר בָהּ ״נֶפֶשׁ״? אָמַר הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא: מִי דַּרְכּוֹ לְהָבִיא מִנְחָה? עָנִי, מַעֲלֶה אֲנִי עָלָיו כְּאִילּוּ הִקְרִיב נַפְשׁוֹ לְפָנַי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara cites another comment about the fact that the Torah introduces the voluntary meal offering by emphasizing that it is brought by an individual. **Rabbi Yitzḥak says: For what** reason **is the meal offering different** from other offerings in **that** the term **“an individual [*nefesh*]” is stated with regard to it? The Holy One, Blessed be He, said: Whose practice** is it **to bring a meal offering?** It is that of a **poor** individual; and **I will ascribe him** credit **as if he offered up his soul [*nafsho*] in front of Me.**


###### Menachot 104b:11
[Menachot 104b:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/104b:11)

אָמַר רַבִּי יִצְחָק: מָה נִשְׁתַּנֵּית מִנְחָה, (שנאמר) [שֶׁנֶּאֶמְרוּ] בָּהּ חֲמִשָּׁה מִינֵי טִיגּוּן הַלָּלוּ? מָשָׁל לְמֶלֶךְ בָּשָׂר וְדָם שֶׁעָשָׂה לוֹ אוֹהֲבוֹ סְעוּדָה, וְיוֹדֵעַ בּוֹ שֶׁהוּא עָנִי. אָמַר לוֹ: עֲשֵׂה לִי מִן חֲמִשָּׁה מִינֵי טִיגּוּן, כְּדֵי שֶׁאֵהָנֶה מִמְּךָ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ The Gemara cites another comment made by Rabbi Yitzḥak about meal offerings. **Rabbi Yitzḥak says: What is** the reason that the **meal offering is differentiated** from other offerings in **that** the Torah **stated these five types of preparations with oil** with regard to it? The five types of voluntary meal offerings are: A meal offering of fine flour, a meal offering in a shallow pan, a meal offering in a deep pan, a meal offering of loaves baked in an oven, and a meal offering of wafers baked in an oven. All are brought with oil. This can be explained by **a parable of a flesh-and-blood king whose friend made a festive meal for him, but** the king **knows that** the friend **is poor.** The king **said to him: Make for me** foods **from five types of fried** dishes, **so that I may benefit from you.**


###### Menachot 104b:12
[Menachot 104b:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/104b:12)

**הֲדַרַן עֲלָךְ הַמְּנָחוֹת וְהַנְּסָכִים.**


###### Menachot 104b:13
[Menachot 104b:13](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/104b:13)

מַתְנִי׳ **״הֲרֵי עָלַי עִשָּׂרוֹן״** – יָבִיא אֶחָד, ״עֶשְׂרוֹנוֹת״ – יָבִיא שְׁנַיִם, ״פֵּירַשְׁתִּי וְאֵינִי יוֹדֵעַ מָה פֵּירַשְׁתִּי״ – יָבִיא שִׁשִּׁים עִשָּׂרוֹן.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**MISHNA:** One who says: **It** is incumbent **upon me** to bring **a tenth** of an ephah for a meal offering, **must bring** a meal offering of **one**-tenth. If he says: It is incumbent upon me to bring **tenths** of an ephah, **he must bring two**-tenths, as that is the minimum plural amount. If he says: **I specified** several tenths of an ephah **but I do not know which** number **I specified, he must bring sixty-tenths,** as that is the maximum amount of a meal offering. The flour beyond the amount that he actually specified is rendered a voluntary meal offering.


###### Menachot 104b:14
[Menachot 104b:14](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/104b:14)

״הֲרֵי עָלַי מִנְחָה״ – יָבִיא אֵיזוֹ שֶׁיִּרְצֶה. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר: יָבִיא מִנְחַת הַסּוֹלֶת, שֶׁהִיא מְיוּחֶדֶת שֶׁבַּמְּנָחוֹת.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
If one says: **It** is incumbent **upon me** to bring **a meal offering, he may bring whichever** meal offering **that he wishes,** i.e., the fine-flour meal offering, the shallow-pan or deep-pan meal offering, or the meal offering baked in an oven in the form of loaves or wafers. **Rabbi Yehuda says: He must bring the fine-flour meal offering, as it is the** most **notable of the meal offerings.**


###### Menachot 104b:15
[Menachot 104b:15](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/104b:15)

״מִנְחָה״ אוֹ ״מִין הַמִּנְחָה״ – יָבִיא אַחַת. ״מְנָחוֹת״ אוֹ ״מִין מְנָחוֹת״ – יָבִיא שְׁתַּיִם. ״פֵּירַשְׁתִּי וְאֵינִי יוֹדֵעַ אֵיזֶה מֵהֶן פֵּירַשְׁתִּי״ – יָבִיא חֲמִשְׁתָּן.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
If one says: It is incumbent upon me to bring **a meal offering, or:** It is incumbent upon me to bring **a type of meal offering, he must bring one** meal offering. If he says: It is incumbent upon me to bring **meal offerings, or:** It is incumbent upon me to bring **meal offerings of** a certain **type, he must bring two.** If he says: **I specified** a meal offering **but I do not know which** meal offering **I specified, he must bring all five** types of meal offerings.


###### Menachot 104b:16
[Menachot 104b:16](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/104b:16)

פֵּירַשְׁתִּי מִנְחָה שֶׁל עֶשְׂרוֹנִים, וְאֵינִי יוֹדֵעַ כַּמָּה פֵּירַשְׁתִּי – יָבִיא שִׁשִּׁים עִשָּׂרוֹן. רַבִּי אוֹמֵר: יָבִיא מְנָחוֹת שֶׁל עֶשְׂרוֹנוֹת, מֵאֶחָד וְעַד שִׁשִּׁים.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
If one says: **I specified a meal offering of tenths** of an ephah **but I do not know how many** tenths **I specified, he must bring** a meal offering of **sixty-tenths** of an ephah. **Rabbi** Yehuda HaNasi **says:** His obligation is satisfied only when **he brings meal offerings of** all sizes, in increments of **tenths** of an ephah, ranging **from one**-tenth of an ephah **to sixty**-tenths, for a total of sixty meal offerings with a total volume of 1,830 tenths of an ephah, or 183 ephahs. He fulfills his vow with one of the meal offerings, and the rest are rendered voluntary meal offerings.


###### Menachot 104b:17
[Menachot 104b:17](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/104b:17)

**גְּמָ׳** פְּשִׁיטָא! ״עֶשְׂרוֹנוֹת״ – יָבִיא שְׁתַּיִם אִיצְטְרִיכָא לֵיהּ. הָא נָמֵי פְּשִׁיטָא! מִיעוּט עֶשְׂרוֹנוֹת שְׁתַּיִם אִיצְטְרִיכָא לֵיהּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**GEMARA:** The mishna teaches that one who says: It is incumbent upon me to bring a tenth of an ephah for a meal offering, must bring a meal offering of a tenth. The Gemara asks: Isn’t this **obvious?** Why is it necessary to teach this in the mishna? The Gemara answers that it **was necessary** for the mishna to mention this case as a preamble to the following *halakha*, that if one says: It is incumbent upon me to bring **tenths** of an ephah he must **bring two**-tenths. The Gemara asks: Isn’t **this also obvious?** The Gemara answers: **It was necessary** to teach that the **minimum** amount that the word **tenths** is used in reference to is **two**-tenths.


###### Menachot 104b:18
[Menachot 104b:18](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/104b:18)

״פֵּירַשְׁתִּי, וְאֵינִי יוֹדֵעַ מָה פֵּירַשְׁתִּי״ – יָבִיא שִׁשִּׁים עִשָּׂרוֹן. מַאן תַּנָּא?

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ The mishna teaches that if one says: **I specified** several tenths of an ephah **but I do not know what** number **I specified, he must bring sixty-tenths.** The Gemara asks: **Who** is the *tanna* who **taught** this?


###### Menachot 104b:19
[Menachot 104b:19](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/104b:19)

אָמַר חִזְקִיָּה: דְּלָא כְּרַבִּי, דְּאִי רַבִּי, הָאָמַר: יָבִיא מְנָחוֹת שֶׁל עֶשְׂרוֹנוֹת מֵאֶחָד וְעַד שִׁשִּׁים.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Ḥizkiyya said:** This statement is **not in accordance with** the opinion of **Rabbi** Yehuda HaNasi mentioned at the end of the mishna. **As if** it was the opinion of **Rabbi** Yehuda HaNasi, **didn’t he say** that such a person **must bring meal offerings of** all sizes, in increments of **tenths** of an ephah, ranging **from one**-tenth of an ephah **to sixty**-tenths?


###### Menachot 104b:20
[Menachot 104b:20](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/104b:20)

וְרַבִּי יוֹחָנָן אָמַר: אֲפִילּוּ תֵּימָא רַבִּי, בְּאוֹמֵר ״פֵּירַשְׁתִּי עֶשְׂרוֹנוֹת אֲבָל לֹא קְבַעְתִּים בִּכְלִי״, דְּמַיְיתֵי שִׁיתִּין עֶשְׂרוֹנוֹת בְּשִׁיתִּין מָאנֵי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And Rabbi Yoḥanan** disagreed and **said: You** may **even say** that this statement is in accordance with the opinion of **Rabbi** Yehuda HaNasi, because the case at the end of the mishna is a case where one specified that he would bring the tenths of an ephah in a single vessel. In such a case Rabbi Yehuda HaNasi holds that one must bring sixty different amounts in sixty different vessels. By contrast, the former case in the mishna is one **where** the person **says: I specified** several **tenths** of an ephah **but I did not establish** that **they** must be brought **in** one **vessel.** In such a case all agree **that he must bring sixty-tenths** of an ephah **in sixty vessels,** a tenth in each vessel.


###### Menachot 104b:21
[Menachot 104b:21](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/104b:21)

״הֲרֵי עָלַי מִנְחָה״ – יָבִיא אֵיזֶהוּ שֶׁיִּרְצֶה [וְכוּ׳]. תָּנָא: הוֹאִיל וּפָתַח בּוֹ הַכָּתוּב תְּחִלָּה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ The mishna teaches that if one says: **It** is incumbent **upon me** to bring **a meal offering,** the first *tanna* holds **he may bring whichever** meal offering **he wishes,** whereas Rabbi Yehuda maintains that he must bring the fine-flour meal offering, as it is the most notable of the meal offerings. **It is taught** in a *baraita*: Rabbi Yehuda says that he must bring the fine-flour meal offering, **since** in the passage of the Torah that discusses the meal offering (Leviticus, chapter 2) **the verse opens with** the fine-flour meal offering **first,** mentioning it before the other meal offerings.


###### Menachot 104b:22
[Menachot 104b:22](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/104b:22)

אֶלָּא מֵעַתָּה, הָאוֹמֵר ״הֲרֵי עָלַי עוֹלָה״ – יָבִיא בֶּן בָּקָר, הוֹאִיל וּפָתַח בּוֹ הַכָּתוּב

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara challenges: **If that is so, one who says: It** is incumbent **upon me** to bring **a burnt offering,** without specifying which type of animal, **must bring a young bull** as his burnt offering, **since the verse opens with it**