## Menachot Daf 28b

###### Menachot 28b:1
[Menachot 28b:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/28b:1)

שֶׁעָשָׂה מֹשֶׁה, כְּשֵׁרִים לוֹ וּכְשֵׁרִים לְדוֹרוֹת. חֲצוֹצְרוֹת, כְּשֵׁרוֹת לוֹ וּפְסוּלוֹת לְדוֹרוֹת.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**that Moses fashioned** were **fit for his** generation **and** were **fit for** future **generations.** Yet the **trumpets** that Moses fashioned were **fit for his** generation **but** were **unfit for** future **generations.**


###### Menachot 28b:2
[Menachot 28b:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/28b:2)

חֲצוֹצְרוֹת מַאי טַעְמָא? אִילֵימָא דְּאָמַר קְרָא ״עֲשֵׂה לְךָ״, לְךָ וְלֹא לְדוֹרוֹת, אֶלָּא מֵעַתָּה ״וְעָשִׂיתָ לְּךָ אֲרוֹן עֵץ״, הָכִי נָמֵי דִּלְךָ וְלֹא לְדוֹרוֹת?

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara asks: **What is the reason** that the **trumpets** were unfit for future generations? **If we say that** it is because **the verse states: “Make for you** two silver trumpets” (Numbers 10:2), meaning that they are fit **for you, but not for** future **generations,** that is difficult; **if that is so,** then the verse: **“Make for you an Ark of wood”** (Deuteronomy 10:1), should **also** teach **that** the Ark is fit only **for you, but not for** future **generations.** This cannot be the *halakha*, as the *baraita* stated explicitly that all vessels, other than the trumpets, that were fashioned by Moses were fit for future generations.


###### Menachot 28b:3
[Menachot 28b:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/28b:3)

אֶלָּא, אִי לְמַאן דְּאָמַר: ״לְךָ״ – מִשֶּׁלְּךָ, אִי לְמַאן דְּאָמַר: כִּבְיָכוֹל בְּשֶׁלְּךָ אֲנִי רוֹצֶה יוֹתֵר מִשֶּׁלָּהֶם, הַאי נָמֵי מִיבְּעֵי לֵיהּ לְהָכִי. שָׁאנֵי הָתָם, דְּאָמַר קְרָא ״לְךָ״ ״לְךָ״ תְּרֵי זִימְנֵי: ״עֲשֵׂה לְךָ״ ״וְהָיוּ לְךָ״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rather,** the term “for you” that is written with regard to the fashioning of the Ark should be understood **either according to the one who says** that **“for you”** means **from your own** property, **or according to the one who says** that God said to Moses: **I desire, as it were,** that the Ark be fashioned **from your** property **more than** I desire that it be fashioned **from** the property **of** the rest of the nation (see *Yoma* 3b). Accordingly, **here too,** with regard to the trumpets, the term “for you” **should be** understood in **this** manner. The Gemara responds: **There,** with regard to the trumpets, **it is different, as the verse states “for you” twice: “Make for you** two trumpets of silver, of beaten work you shall make them, **and they shall be for you** for the calling of the congregation” (Numbers 10:2).


###### Menachot 28b:4
[Menachot 28b:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/28b:4)

תָּנֵי רַב פָּפָּא בְּרֵיהּ דְּרַב חָנִין קַמֵּיהּ דְּרַב יוֹסֵף: מְנוֹרָה הָיְתָה בָּאָה מִן הָעֶשֶׁת מִן הַזָּהָב, עֲשָׂאָהּ שֶׁל כֶּסֶף – כְּשֵׁרָה, שֶׁל בַּעַץ וְשֶׁל אֲבָר וְשֶׁל גִּיסְטְרוֹן – רַבִּי פּוֹסֵל וְרַבִּי יוֹסֵי בְּרַבִּי יְהוּדָה מַכְשִׁיר, שֶׁל עֵץ וְשֶׁל עֶצֶם וְשֶׁל זְכוּכִית – דִּבְרֵי הַכֹּל פְּסוּלָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ The Gemara relates: **Rav Pappa, son of Rav Ḥanin, taught** a *baraita* **before Rav Yosef:** The **Candelabrum** could be **fashioned from** a complete **block** and **from gold.** If one **fashioned it from silver,** it is **fit.** If one fashioned it **from tin, or from lead, or from other types of metal [*gisteron*], Rabbi** Yehuda HaNasi **deems** it **unfit, and Rabbi Yosei, son of Rabbi Yehuda, deems** it **fit.** If one fashioned it **from wood, or from bone, or from glass, everyone agrees** that it is **unfit.**


###### Menachot 28b:5
[Menachot 28b:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/28b:5)

אֲמַר לֵיהּ: מַאי דַּעְתָּךְ? אֲמַר לֵיהּ: בֵּין מָר וּבֵין מָר כְּלָלֵי וּפְרָטֵי דָּרְשִׁי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Rav Yosef **said to him: What,** in **your opinion,** is the explanation of the dispute between Rabbi Yehuda HaNasi and Rabbi Yosei, son of Rabbi Yehuda? Rav Pappa, son of Rav Ḥanin, **said to him: Both** this **Sage and** that **Sage interpret** the verse: “And you will make a Candelabrum of pure gold; of beaten work will the Candelabrum be made” (Exodus 25:31), by means of the principle of **generalizations and details.** The verse begins with a generalization: “And you will make a Candelabrum,” followed by a detail: “Of pure gold,” which is then followed by a generalization: “Will the Candelabrum be made.” According to the hermeneutic principle of generalizations and details, this teaches that any item that is similar to the detail is also deemed fit.


###### Menachot 28b:6
[Menachot 28b:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/28b:6)

מִיהוּ, מָר סָבַר: מָה הַפְּרָט מְפוֹרָשׁ שֶׁל מַתֶּכֶת – אַף כֹּל שֶׁל מַתֶּכֶת, וּמָר סָבַר: מָה הַפְּרָט מְפוֹרָשׁ דָּבָר חָשׁוּב – אַף כׇּל דָּבָר חָשׁוּב. אֲמַר לֵיהּ: סְמִי דִּידָךְ מִקַּמֵּי דִּידִי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**But** one **Sage,** Rabbi Yosei, son of Rabbi Yehuda, **holds** that **just as** the item mentioned in **the detail** is clearly **defined** as a type **of metal, so too, all** other types **of metal** may be used in fashioning the Candelabrum. **And** one **Sage,** Rabbi Yehuda HaNasi, **holds** that **just as** the item mentioned in **the detail** is clearly **defined** as **an item of substantial value, so too, all items of substantial value** may be used in fashioning the Candelabrum. Rav Yosef **said to him: Remove your** *baraita* **in light of my** *baraita*.


###### Menachot 28b:7
[Menachot 28b:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/28b:7)

דְּתַנְיָא: כְּלֵי שָׁרֵת שֶׁעֲשָׂאָן שֶׁל עֵץ, רַבִּי פּוֹסֵל, וְרַבִּי יוֹסֵי בְּרַבִּי יְהוּדָה מַכְשִׁיר. בְּמַאי קָא מִיפַּלְגִי? רַבִּי דָּרֵישׁ כְּלָלֵי וּפְרָטֵי, וְרַבִּי יוֹסֵי בְּרַבִּי יְהוּדָה דָּרֵישׁ רִיבּוּיֵי וּמִיעוּטֵי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Rav Yosef continued: **As it is taught** in a *baraita*: With regard to Temple **service vessels that** one **fashioned from wood, Rabbi** Yehuda HaNasi **deems** them **unfit and Rabbi Yosei, son of Rabbi Yehuda, deems** them **fit.** According to this *baraita*, their dispute was with regard to a Candelabrum fashioned from wood, not from metal. Rav Yosef explains: **With regard to what** principle **do they disagree? Rabbi** Yehuda HaNasi **interprets** verses by means of the principle of **generalizations and details, and Rabbi Yosei, son of Rabbi Yehuda, interprets** verses by means of the principle of **amplifications and restrictions.**


###### Menachot 28b:8
[Menachot 28b:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/28b:8)

רַבִּי דָּרֵישׁ כְּלָלֵי וּפְרָטֵי, ״וְעָשִׂיתָ מְנֹרַת״ – כָּלַל, ״זָהָב טָהוֹר״ – פָּרַט, ״מִקְשָׁה תֵּיעָשֶׂה הַמְּנוֹרָה״ – חָזַר וְכָלַל, כְּלָל וּפְרָט וּכְלָל, אִי אַתָּה דָן אֶלָּא כְּעֵין הַפְּרָט: מָה הַפְּרָט מְפוֹרָשׁ שֶׁל מַתֶּכֶת, אַף כֹּל שֶׁל מַתֶּכֶת.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rabbi** Yehuda HaNasi **interprets** the verse: “And you will make a Candelabrum of pure gold; of beaten work will the Candelabrum be made” (Exodus 25:31), by means of the principle of **generalizations and details. “And you will make a Candelabrum of”** is **a generalization,** as the material of the Candelabrum is not specified; **“pure gold”** is **a detail,** limiting the material exclusively to gold; and by then stating: **“Of beaten work will the Candelabrum be made,”** the verse **then makes a generalization.** The result is **a generalization and a detail and a generalization,** from which **you may deduce** that the verse is referring **only** to items **similar to the detail,** leading to this conclusion: **Just as** the item mentioned in **the detail** is clearly **defined** as a type **of metal, so too, all** other types **of metal** may be used in fashioning the Candelabrum.


###### Menachot 28b:9
[Menachot 28b:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/28b:9)

רַבִּי יוֹסֵי בְּרַבִּי יְהוּדָה דָּרֵישׁ רִיבּוּיֵי וּמִיעוּטֵי: ״וְעָשִׂיתָ מְנוֹרַת״ – רִיבָּה, ״זָהָב טָהוֹר״ – מִיעֵט, ״מִקְשָׁה תֵּיעָשֶׂה הַמְּנוֹרָה״ – חָזַר וְרִיבָּה. רִיבָּה וּמִיעֵט וְרִיבָּה – רִיבָּה הַכֹּל, וּמַאי רַבִּי? רַבִּי כֹּל מִילֵּי, וּמַאי מַיעֵט? מַיעֵט שֶׁל חֶרֶס.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
By contrast, **Rabbi Yosei, son of Rabbi Yehuda, interprets** the verse by means of the principle of **amplifications and restrictions. “And you will make a Candelabrum of”** is **an amplification,** as the material of the Candelabrum is not specified; **“pure gold”** is **a restriction,** limiting the material exclusively to gold; and by then stating: **“Of beaten work will the Candelabrum be made,”** the verse **repeated and amplified.** There is a hermeneutical principle that when a verse **amplified and** then **restricted and** then **amplified, it amplified** the relevant category to include **everything** except the specific matter excluded in the restriction. **And what did** the verse **include? It includes all materials,** even wood. **And what did** the verse **exclude** with this restriction? **It excluded** a Candelabrum fashioned **from earthenware,** which is furthest in quality from gold.


###### Menachot 28b:10
[Menachot 28b:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/28b:10)

אַדְּרַבָּה, סְמִי דִּידָךְ מִקַּמֵּי דִּידִי! לָא סָלְקָא דַּעְתָּךְ, דְּתַנְיָא: אֵין לוֹ זָהָב מֵבִיא אַף שֶׁל כֶּסֶף, שֶׁל נְחֹשֶׁת, שֶׁל בַּרְזֶל, וְשֶׁל בְּדִיל, וְשֶׁל עוֹפֶרֶת. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי בְּרַבִּי יְהוּדָה מַכְשִׁיר אַף בְּשֶׁל עֵץ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Rav Pappa, son of Rav Ḥanin, said to him: **On the contrary, remove your** *baraita* **in light of my** *baraita*. Rav Yosef responded: That **cannot enter your mind, as it is taught** in another *baraita*: If the one who is fashioning the Candelabrum **has no gold, he may bring even** a Candelabrum made **of silver, of copper, of iron, of tin, or of lead. Rabbi Yosei, son of Rabbi Yehuda, deems** it **fit even** if it was fashioned **from wood.** It is evident from this *baraita* that the dispute pertains only to a Candelabrum fashioned from wood, and Rabbi Yehuda HaNasi agrees that it may be fashioned from other types of metal.


###### Menachot 28b:11
[Menachot 28b:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/28b:11)

וְתַנְיָא אִידַּךְ: לֹא יַעֲשֶׂה אָדָם בַּיִת תַּבְנִית הֵיכָל, אַכְסַדְרָה כְּנֶגֶד אוּלָם, חָצֵר כְּנֶגֶד עֲזָרָה, שֻׁלְחָן כְּנֶגֶד שֻׁלְחָן, מְנוֹרָה כְּנֶגֶד מְנוֹרָה, אֲבָל עוֹשֶׂה הוּא שֶׁל חֲמִשָּׁה וְשֶׁל שִׁשָּׁה וְשֶׁל שְׁמֹנָה, וְשֶׁל שִׁבְעָה לֹא יַעֲשֶׂה, וַאֲפִילּוּ מִשְּׁאָר מִינֵי מַתָּכוֹת.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And it is taught** in **another** *baraita*: **A person may not construct a house** in the exact **form of** the **Sanctuary,** nor **a portico [*akhsadra*] corresponding to** the **Entrance Hall** of the Sanctuary, nor **a courtyard corresponding to** the Temple **courtyard,** nor **a table corresponding to** the **Table** in the Temple, nor **a candelabrum corresponding to** the **Candelabrum** in the Temple. **But one may fashion** a candelabrum **of five or of six or of eight** branches. **And** one **may not fashion** a candelabrum **of seven** branches, **and** this is the *halakha* **even** if he constructs it **from other kinds of metal** rather than gold, since the Candelabrum used in the Temple may be fashioned from other metals.


###### Menachot 28b:12
[Menachot 28b:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/28b:12)

רַבִּי יוֹסֵי בַּר רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר: אַף שֶׁל עֵץ לֹא יַעֲשֶׂה, כְּדֶרֶךְ שֶׁעָשׂוּ מַלְכֵי בֵּית חַשְׁמוֹנַאי. אָמְרוּ לוֹ: מִשָּׁם רְאָיָה? שַׁפּוּדִים שֶׁל בַּרְזֶל הָיוּ, וְחִיפּוּם בְּבַעַץ. הֶעֱשִׁירוּ – עֲשָׂאוּם שֶׁל כֶּסֶף, חָזְרוּ וְהֶעֱשִׁירוּ – עֲשָׂאוּם שֶׁל זָהָב.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The *baraita* continues: **Rabbi Yosei, son of Rabbi Yehuda, says:** One **may not even fashion** a candelabrum **from wood, in the manner that the kings of the Hasmonean monarchy did** in the Temple. The Candelabrum used in the Temple in the time of the Hasmonean kings was fashioned from wood. The Rabbis **said to** Rabbi Yosei, son of Rabbi Yehuda: You seek to bring **a proof from there?** In the time of the Hasmoneans the Candelabrum was not fashioned from wood but from **spits [*shappudim*] of iron, and they covered them with tin.** Later, when **they grew richer** and could afford to fashion a Candelabrum of higher-quality material, **they fashioned** the Candelabrum **from silver.** When **they again grew richer, they fashioned** the Candelabrum **from gold.**


###### Menachot 28b:13
[Menachot 28b:13](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/28b:13)

אָמַר שְׁמוּאֵל מִשְּׁמֵיהּ דְּסָבָא: גּוֹבְהָהּ שֶׁל מְנוֹרָה שְׁמֹנָה עָשָׂר טְפָחִים, הָרַגְלַיִם וְהַפֶּרַח שְׁלֹשָׁה טְפָחִים, וְטִפְחַיִים חָלָק, וְטֶפַח שֶׁבּוֹ גְּבִיעַ וְכַפְתּוֹר וָפֶרַח, וְטִפְחַיִים חָלָק, וְטֶפַח כַּפְתּוֹר.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ **Shmuel says in the name of** a certain **elder: The height of** the **Candelabrum** was **eighteen handbreadths. The base and the flower** that was upon the base were a height of **three handbreadths; and two handbreadths** above that were **bare; and** there was above that **one handbreadth, which** had **a goblet, knob, and flower on it. And two handbreadths** above that were **bare, and** there was above that **one handbreadth** that had **a knob.**


###### Menachot 28b:14
[Menachot 28b:14](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/28b:14)

וּשְׁנֵי קָנִים יוֹצְאִין מִמֶּנּוּ, אֶחָד אֵילָךְ וְאֶחָד אֵילָךְ, וְנִמְשָׁכִין וְעוֹלִין כְּנֶגֶד גּוֹבְהָהּ שֶׁל מְנוֹרָה, וְטֶפַח חָלָק, וְטֶפַח כַּפְתּוֹר וּשְׁנֵי קָנִים יוֹצְאִין מִמֶּנּוּ, אֶחָד אֵילָךְ וְאֶחָד אֵילָךְ, נִמְשָׁכִין וְעוֹלִין כְּנֶגֶד גּוֹבְהָהּ שֶׁל מְנוֹרָה, וְטֶפַח חָלָק, וְטֶפַח כַּפְתּוֹר וּשְׁנֵי קָנִים יוֹצְאִין מִמֶּנּוּ, אֶחָד אֵילָךְ וְאֶחָד אֵילָךְ, וְנִמְשָׁכִין וְעוֹלִין כְּנֶגֶד גּוֹבְהָהּ שֶׁל מְנוֹרָה, וְטִפְחַיִים חָלָק, נִשְׁתַּיְּירוּ שָׁם שְׁלֹשָׁה טְפָחִים שֶׁבָּהֶן שְׁלֹשָׁה גְּבִיעִין וְכַפְתּוֹר וָפֶרַח.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And two branches emerge from** the knob, **one toward this** direction **and one toward that** direction, **and they extend and rise up to the height of the Candelabrum. And one handbreadth** above that was **bare, and** there was above that **one handbreadth** that had **a knob. And two branches emerge from** the knob, **one toward this** direction **and one toward that** direction, **and they extend and rise up to the height of** the **Candelabrum. And** one **handbreadth** above that was **bare, and** there was above that one **handbreadth** that had **a knob. And two branches emerge from** the knob, **one toward this** direction **and one toward that** direction, **and they extend and rise up to the height of** the **Candelabrum. And two handbreadths** above that were **bare.** There then **remained there three handbreadths in which** there were **three goblets, and a knob, and a flower.**


###### Menachot 28b:15
[Menachot 28b:15](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/28b:15)

וּגְבִיעִין לְמָה הֵן דּוֹמִין? כְּמִין כּוֹסוֹת אֲלֶכְּסַנְדְּרִיִּים, כַּפְתּוֹרִים לְמָה הֵן דּוֹמִין? כְּמִין תַּפּוּחֵי הַכְּרֵתִיִּים, פְּרָחִים לְמָה הֵן דּוֹמִין? כְּמִין פִּרְחֵי הָעַמּוּדִין, וְנִמְצְאוּ גְּבִיעִין עֶשְׂרִים וּשְׁנַיִם, כַּפְתּוֹרִים אַחַד עָשָׂר, פְּרָחִים תִּשְׁעָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And** the **goblets** of the Candelabrum, **to what are they similar?** They were **like Alexandrian goblets,** which are long and narrow. The **knobs, to what are they similar?** They were **like** the shape of **the apples of the Cherethites.** The **flowers, to what are they similar?** They were **like the ornaments** that are etched in **columns. And** there **are found to be** a total of **twenty-two goblets, eleven knobs,** and **nine flowers** on the Candelabrum.


###### Menachot 28b:16
[Menachot 28b:16](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/28b:16)

גְּבִיעִים מְעַכְּבִין זֶה אֶת זֶה, כַּפְתּוֹרִים מְעַכְּבִין זֶה אֶת זֶה, פְּרָחִים מְעַכְּבִין זֶה אֶת זֶה, גְּבִיעִים כַּפְתּוֹרִים וּפְרָחִים מְעַכְּבִין זֶה אֶת זֶה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
With regard to the **goblets,** the absence of **each prevents fulfillment of the mitzva with the others;** with regard to the **knobs,** the absence of **each prevents fulfillment of the mitzva with the others;** with regard to the **flowers,** the absence of **each prevents fulfillment of the mitzva with the others.** With regard to the **goblets, knobs, and flowers,** the absence of **each prevents fulfillment of the mitzva with the others.**


###### Menachot 28b:17
[Menachot 28b:17](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/28b:17)

בִּשְׁלָמָא גְּבִיעִים עֶשְׂרִים וּשְׁנַיִם, דִּכְתִיב: ״וּבַמְּנֹרָה אַרְבָּעָה גְבִעִים וְגוֹ׳״, וּכְתִיב: ״שְׁלֹשָׁה גְבִעִים מְשֻׁקָּדִים בַּקָּנֶה הָאֶחָד כַּפְתּוֹר וָפֶרַח וְגוֹ׳״, אַרְבְּעָה דִּידַהּ

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara asks: **Granted,** there were **twenty-two goblets** on the Candelabrum, **as it is written: “And in the Candelabrum four goblets** made like almond blossoms” (Exodus 25:34), **and it is written: “Three goblets made like almond blossoms in one branch, a knob, and a flower;** and three goblets made like almond blossoms in the other branch, a knob, and a flower; so for the six branches going out of the Candelabrum” (Exodus 25:33). Therefore, the Candelabrum contains the **four** goblets **of its** main shaft,