## Menachot Daf 35a

###### Menachot 35a:1
[Menachot 35a:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/35a:1)

אֶלָּא גַּוָּיְיתָא לְבָרַיְיתָא וּבָרַיְיתָא לְגַוָּיְיתָא, אֲבָל גַּוָּיְיתָא לְגַוָּיְיתָא וּבָרַיְיתָא לְבָרַיְיתָא – לֵית לַן בַּהּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**unless** it is a case where one exchanges **an inner** passage **for an outer** one, e.g., he placed the passage of Exodus 13:11–16 to the right of Exodus 13:1–10, **or an outer** passage **for an inner one,** e.g., he placed the passage of Deuteronomy 11:13–21 to the right of Deuteronomy 6:4–9. **But** if one exchanges **an inner** passage **for** the other **inner** one, i.e., he exchanges Exodus 13:11–16 with Deuteronomy 6:4–9, **or an outer** passage **for** the other **outer** one, i.e., he exchanges Exodus 13:1–10 with Deuteronomy 11:13–21, **we have no** problem **with it.**


###### Menachot 35a:2
[Menachot 35a:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/35a:2)

אֲמַר לֵיהּ רָבָא: מַאי שְׁנָא גַּוָּיְיתָא לְבָרַיְיתָא וּבָרַיְיתָא לְגַוָּיְיתָא דְּלָא, דְּהָךְ דְּבָעֵי לְמִיחְזֵי אַוֵּירָא לָא קָא חָזְיָיא, וְהָא דְּלָא קָא בָעֵי לְמִיחְזֵי אַוֵּירָא קָא חָזְיָיא? בָּרַיְיתָא לְבָרַיְיתָא וְגַוָּיְיתָא לְגַוָּיְיתָא נָמֵי – הָךְ דְּבָעֲיָא לְמִיחְזֵי אַוֵּירָא דְּיָמִין קָא חָזְיָא אַוֵּירָא דִּשְׂמֹאל, וְדִשְׂמֹאל קָא חָזְיָא אַוֵּירָא דְּיָמִין! אֶלָּא לָא שְׁנָא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rava said to** Abaye: **What is different** about the cases of exchanging **an inner** passage **for an outer** one, **and an outer** passage **for an inner** one, such **that** the phylacteries are **not** fit? The reason is **that this** passage, **which needs to see the air,** i.e., to be placed on the outer side, **does not see** it, **and that** passage, **which does not need to see the air, does see it.** But in a case where one exchanges **an outer** passage **for** the other **outer** one **or an inner** passage **for** the other **inner** one, it should be unfit **as well,** as **this** passage, **which needs to see the air of** the **right** side, **sees the air of** the **left** side, **and** that passage, which requires to see the air **of** the **left** side, **sees the air of** the **right** side. **Rather,** there **is no difference** between any of these cases, and any change in the order renders the phylacteries unfit.


###### Menachot 35a:3
[Menachot 35a:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/35a:3)

וְאָמַר רַב חֲנַנְאֵל, אָמַר רַב: תִּיתּוּרָא דִּתְפִילִּין הֲלָכָה לְמֹשֶׁה מִסִּינַי. אָמַר אַבָּיֵי: מַעְבַּרְתָּא דִּתְפִילִּין הֲלָכָה לְמֹשֶׁה מִסִּינַי. וְאָמַר אַבָּיֵי: שִׁי״ן שֶׁל תְּפִילִּין הֲלָכָה לְמֹשֶׁה מִסִּינַי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ **And Rav Ḥananel says** that **Rav says:** The requirement to have **the *titora* of phylacteries,** i.e., the base of phylacteries upon which the compartments rest, is **a *halakha*** transmitted **to Moses from Sinai. Abaye said:** The requirement to have **the *ma’ebarta* of phylacteries,** i.e., the passageway through which the straps are inserted, is **a *halakha*** transmitted **to Moses from Sinai. And Abaye says:** The requirement to have a letter ***shin*** protruding **on** the **phylacteries** of one’s head, which is achieved by pressing the hide into the shape of that letter, is **a *halakha*** transmitted **to Moses from Sinai.**


###### Menachot 35a:4
[Menachot 35a:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/35a:4)

וְצָרִיךְ שֶׁיַּגִּיעַ חָרִיץ לִמְקוֹם הַתֶּפֶר, רַב דִּימִי מִנְּהַרְדְּעָא אָמַר: כֵּיוָן דְּמִנְּכַר, לָא צְרִיךְ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Abaye further says: **And there is a requirement that** the **furrow** between each of the compartments of phylacteries of the head **reach the place of the stitches,** i.e., the *titora*, to which the compartments are sewn. **Rav Dimi of Neharde’a says: Once it is noticeable** that there is a furrow between each of the compartments, **it is not necessary** for them to reach all the way to the *titora*.


###### Menachot 35a:5
[Menachot 35a:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/35a:5)

וְאָמַר אַבָּיֵי: הַאי קִילְפָּא דִּתְפִילִּין צָרִיךְ לְמִיבְדְּקֵיהּ, דְּדִילְמָא אִית בַּהּ רֵיעוּתָא, וּבָעֵינָא כְּתִיבָה תַּמָּה וְלֵיכָּא. רַב דִּימִי מִנְּהַרְדְּעָא אָמַר: לָא צְרִיךְ, קוּלְמוֹסָא בָּדֵיק לַהּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And Abaye says:** With regard to **this parchment** upon which one writes the passages **of phylacteries,** the scribe **must examine it** before writing, **as perhaps it has a flaw,** i.e., a perforation, **and complete writing is required, and** that requirement would **not** be fulfilled if a letter were perforated. **Rav Dimi of Neharde’a says: No** prior examination is **required;** rather, **the quill examines it** as one writes, as any perforation which the ink covers is disregarded.


###### Menachot 35a:6
[Menachot 35a:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/35a:6)

אָמַר רַבִּי יִצְחָק: רְצוּעוֹת שְׁחוֹרוֹת הֲלָכָה לְמֹשֶׁה מִסִּינַי. מֵיתִיבִי: תְּפִילִּין אֵין קוֹשְׁרִין אוֹתָן אֶלָּא בְּמִינָן, בֵּין יְרוּקּוֹת בֵּין שְׁחוֹרוֹת בֵּין לְבָנוֹת, אֲדוּמּוֹת לֹא יַעֲשֶׂה, מִפְּנֵי גְּנַאי וְדָבָר אַחֵר.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rabbi Yitzḥak says:** The requirement that the **straps** of the phylacteries be **black** is **a *halakha*** transmitted **to Moses from Sinai.** The Gemara **raises an objection** from a *baraita*: **One may tie phylacteries only** with straps **of their** same **type,** i.e., the straps must be made from hide, and it does not matter **whether** they are **green, or black, or white.** Nevertheless, **one should not make red** straps, **because** this is **deprecatory** to him, as it looks like he has wounds on his head, **and** also due to **something else,** i.e., lest people suspect him of engaging in sexual intercourse with a menstruating woman and getting blood on the straps.


###### Menachot 35a:7
[Menachot 35a:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/35a:7)

אָמַר רַבִּי יְהוּדָה: מַעֲשֶׂה בְּתַלְמִידוֹ שֶׁל רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא שֶׁהָיָה קוֹשֵׁר תְּפִילָּיו בִּלְשׁוֹנוֹת שֶׁל תְּכֵלֶת, וְלָא אָמַר לוֹ דָּבָר. אִיפְשָׁר אוֹתוֹ צַדִּיק רָאָה תַּלְמִידוֹ וְלֹא מִיחָה בּוֹ? אָמַר לוֹ: הֵן, לֹא רָאָה אוֹתוֹ, וְאִם רָאָה אוֹתוֹ לֹא הָיָה מַנִּיחוֹ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara cites the continuation of that *baraita*. **Rabbi Yehuda said:** There was **an incident involving Rabbi Akiva’s student, who would tie his phylacteries with strips of sky**-**blue wool** rather than hide, **and** Rabbi Akiva **did not say anything to him.** Is it **possible** that **that righteous man saw his student** doing something improper **and he did not object to his** conduct? Another Sage **said to** Rabbi Yehuda: **Yes,** it is possible that the student acted improperly, as Rabbi Akiva **did not see him, and if he had seen him, he would not have allowed him** to do so.


###### Menachot 35a:8
[Menachot 35a:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/35a:8)

מַעֲשֶׂה בְּהוּרְקָנוֹס בְּנוֹ שֶׁל רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר בֶּן הוּרְקָנוֹס, שֶׁהָיָה קוֹשֵׁר תְּפִילָּיו בִּלְשׁוֹנוֹת שֶׁל אַרְגָּמָן, וְלֹא אָמַר לוֹ דָּבָר. אִיפְשָׁר אוֹתוֹ צַדִּיק רָאָה בְּנוֹ וְלֹא מִיחָה בּוֹ? אָמְרוּ לוֹ: הֵן, לֹא רָאָה אוֹתוֹ, וְאִם רָאָה אוֹתוֹ לֹא הָיָה מַנִּיחוֹ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The *baraita* continues: There was **an incident involving Hyrcanus, the son of Rabbi Eliezer ben Hyrcanus, who would tie his phylacteries with strips of purple wool, and** his father **did not say anything to him.** Is it **possible** that **that righteous man saw his son** doing something improper **and he did not object to his** conduct? The Sages **said to him: Yes,** it is possible that his son acted improperly, as Rabbi Eliezer **did not see him, and if he had seen him, he would not have allowed him** to do so. This concludes the *baraita*.


###### Menachot 35a:9
[Menachot 35a:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/35a:9)

קָתָנֵי מִיהָא, בֵּין יְרוּקּוֹת בֵּין שְׁחוֹרוֹת וּבֵין לְבָנוֹת. לָא קַשְׁיָא: כָּאן – מִבִּפְנִים, כָּאן – מִבַּחוּץ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara explains the objection from the *baraita*: **In any event,** the *baraita* **teaches** that it does not matter **whether** the straps are **green, or black, or white,** whereas Rabbi Yitzḥak maintains that it is a *halakha* transmitted to Moses from Sinai that the straps of the phylacteries must be black. The Gemara answers that it is **not difficult. Here,** the *baraita* is referring to **the inside** of the straps, which touch the body. These may be any color other than red. Conversely, **there,** when Rabbi Yitzḥak says that the straps of the phylacteries must be black, he is speaking of **the outside** of the straps.


###### Menachot 35a:10
[Menachot 35a:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/35a:10)

אִי מִבִּפְנִים, מַאי גְּנַאי וְדָבָר אַחֵר אִיכָּא? זִימְנִין דְּמִתְהַפְכִין לֵיהּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara raises a difficulty: **If** the *baraita* is discussing **the inside** of the straps, **what deprecatory** matter **or** problem of **something else is there** with straps that are red on the inside? After all, this side is not seen. The Gemara answers: **Sometimes his** straps **become reversed,** and therefore these concerns are applicable.


###### Menachot 35a:11
[Menachot 35a:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/35a:11)

תָּנָא: תְּפִילִּין מְרוּבָּעוֹת – הֲלָכָה לְמֹשֶׁה מִסִּינַי. אָמַר רַב פָּפָּא: בְּתִפְרָן וּבַאֲלַכְסוֹנָן.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
It is **taught** in a *baraita*: The requirement that **phylacteries** be **square** is **a *halakha*** transmitted **to Moses from Sinai. Rav Pappa says** about this *halakha*: Square means **along their seams and their diagonals,** i.e., they must be perfectly square where the compartments are sewn to the *titora*.


###### Menachot 35a:12
[Menachot 35a:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/35a:12)

לֵימָא מְסַיַּיע לֵיהּ: הָעוֹשֶׂה תְּפִילָּתוֹ עֲגוּלָּה – סַכָּנָה וְאֵין בָּהּ מִצְוָה. אָמַר רַב פָּפָּא: מַתְנִיתִין דַּעֲבִידָא כִּי אַמְגּוּזָא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara suggests: **Let us say** that a mishna **supports** this opinion (*Megilla* 24b): **One who fashions his phylacteries** in **a round** shape exposes himself to **danger, and it** does **not** enable him to fulfill the **mitzva** of phylacteries. **Rav Pappa said:** This is no support, as one can say that **the mishna** is referring to phylacteries **that are fashioned like a nut,** i.e., their underside is rounded, and therefore there is a danger that if he strikes his head on a wall the underside will press into his head and injure him. By contrast, if the underside is flat one might have thought that it is fit despite the fact that it is not square. Therefore, the *baraita* teaches that phylacteries must be square.


###### Menachot 35a:13
[Menachot 35a:13](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/35a:13)

אָמַר רַב הוּנָא: תְּפִילִּין, כָּל זְמַן שֶׁפְּנֵי טַבְלָא קַיֶּימֶת – כְּשֵׁירוֹת. רַב חִסְדָּא אָמַר: נִפְסְקוּ שְׁתַּיִם – כְּשֵׁירוֹת, שָׁלֹשׁ – פְּסוּלוֹת.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ **Rav Huna says:** With regard to **phylacteries** of the head, **as long as the surface of outer hide is intact,** i.e., it is not torn, **they are fit,** even if the hide between the compartments has torn. **Rav Ḥisda says:** If **two** of the walls between the compartments **tore,** such phylacteries **are fit,** but if **three** of these inner walls tore, **they are unfit.**


###### Menachot 35a:14
[Menachot 35a:14](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/35a:14)

אָמַר רָבָא: הָא דְּאָמְרַתְּ שְׁתַּיִם כְּשֵׁירוֹת, לָא אֲמַרַן אֶלָּא זֶה שֶׁלֹּא כְּנֶגֶד זֶה, אֲבָל זֶה כְּנֶגֶד זֶה – פְּסוּלוֹת. וְזֶה כְּנֶגֶד זֶה נָמֵי לָא אֲמַרַן אֶלָּא בְּחַדְתָּתָא, אֲבָל בְּעַתִּיקָתָא לֵית לַן בַּהּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rava said:** Concerning **that which you said,** that if **two** of the walls between the compartments tore **they are fit, we said** this **only** if the inner walls that tore are **not aligned with each other,** i.e., they are not adjacent to one another. **But** if the torn walls are **aligned with each other,** the phylacteries **are unfit. And** furthermore, **even** in a case where the torn walls are **aligned with each other, we said** that they are unfit **only with regard to new** phylacteries, as the hide is certainly defective. **But with regard to old** phylacteries, **we have no** problem **with it,** as they tore due to aging.


###### Menachot 35a:15
[Menachot 35a:15](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Menachot/r/35a:15)

אֲמַר לֵיהּ אַבָּיֵי לְרַב יוֹסֵף: הֵיכִי דָּמְיָין חַדְתָּתָא, וְהֵיכִי דָּמְיָין עַתִּיקָתָא? אֲמַר לֵיהּ: כֹּל הֵיכָא כִּי מִיתְּלֵי בֵּיהּ בְּשִׁלְחָא וַהֲדַר חָלֵים – עַתִּיקָתָא, וְאִידַּךְ – חַדְתָּתָא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Abaye said to Rav Yosef: What are the circumstances** of **new** phylacteries, **and what are the circumstances** of **old** phylacteries? Rav Yosef **said to him:** In **any** case **where if one holds the hide and pulls it, it returns to its place [*ḥaleim*],** these phylacteries are considered **old; and** in **the other** case, where hide that was pulled does not return to its place, they are considered **new.**