## Mishnah Kiddushin Chapter 3

###### Mishnah Kiddushin 3:1
[Mishnah Kiddushin 3:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishnah%20Kiddushin/r/3:1)

הָאוֹמֵר לַחֲבֵרוֹ, צֵא וְקַדֵּשׁ לִי אִשָּׁה פְלוֹנִית וְהָלַךְ וְקִדְּשָׁהּ לְעַצְמוֹ, מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת. וְכֵן הָאוֹמֵר לְאִשָּׁה, הֲרֵי אַתְּ מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת לִי לְאַחַר שְׁלשִׁים יוֹם, וּבָא אַחֵר וְקִדְּשָׁהּ בְּתוֹךְ שְׁלשִׁים יוֹם, מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת לַשֵּׁנִי. בַּת יִשְׂרָאֵל לְכֹהֵן, תֹּאכַל בַּתְּרוּמָה. מֵעַכְשָׁיו וּלְאַחַר שְׁלשִׁים יוֹם, וּבָא אַחֵר וְקִדְּשָׁהּ בְּתוֹךְ שְׁלשִׁים יוֹם, מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת וְאֵינָהּ מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת. בַּת יִשְׂרָאֵל לְכֹהֵן אוֹ בַת כֹּהֵן לְיִשְׂרָאֵל, לֹא תֹאכַל בַּתְּרוּמָה:

**Open Mishnah:**
[With regard to] one who says to his fellow, "Go and betroth to me a certain woman," [and] he went and betrothed her for himself, she is betrothed [to the second one]. Similarly, [with regard to] one who says to a woman, "You are hereby betrothed to me after thirty days," and another came and betrothed her within thirty days, she is betrothed to the second one. [If it is] the daughter of a Kohen [becoming betrothed] to an Israelite [i.e., a non-Kohen], she may eat of the *terumah* . [If he said, "You are hereby betrothed to me] from now and after thirty days," and another came and betrothed her within thirty days, she is betrothed and not betrothed. If it is the daughter of an Israelite to a kohen or the daughter of a Kohen to an Israelite, she may not eat of the *terumah*.


###### Mishnah Kiddushin 3:2
[Mishnah Kiddushin 3:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishnah%20Kiddushin/r/3:2)

הָאוֹמֵר לְאִשָּׁה, הֲרֵי אַתְּ מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת לִי עַל מְנָת שֶׁאֶתֵּן לָךְ מָאתַיִם זוּז, הֲרֵי זוֹ מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת וְהוּא יִתֵּן. עַל מְנָת שֶׁאֶתֵּן לָךְ מִכָּאן וְעַד שְׁלשִׁים יוֹם, נָתַן לָהּ בְּתוֹךְ שְׁלשִׁים, מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת. וְאִם לָאו, אֵינָהּ מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת. עַל מְנָת שֶׁיֶּשׁ לִי מָאתַיִם זוּז, הֲרֵי זוֹ מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת וְיֶשׁ לוֹ. עַל מְנָת שֶׁאַרְאֵךְ מָאתַיִם זוּז, הֲרֵי זוֹ מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת וְיַרְאֶה לָהּ. וְאִם הֶרְאָהּ עַל הַשֻּׁלְחָן, אֵינָהּ מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת:

**Open Mishnah:**
[With regard to] one who says to a woman, "You are hereby betrothed to me on condition that I will give you two hundred *zuz* [a specific unit of money]," she is betrothed, and he must give [her the money]. "On condition that I give you [two hundred *zuz*] from now and until thirty days," if he gave it to her within thirty days, she is betrothed; and if not, she is not betrothed. "On condition that I have two hundred *zuz*," she is betrothed, [as long as] he has it. "On condition that I will show you [two hundred *zuz*]," she is betrothed and he must show it to her. and if he showed it to her on the [money-changer's] table, she is not betrothed.


###### Mishnah Kiddushin 3:3
[Mishnah Kiddushin 3:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishnah%20Kiddushin/r/3:3)

עַל מְנָת שֶׁיֶּשׁ לִי בֵית כּוֹר עָפָר, הֲרֵי זוֹ מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת וְיֶשׁ לוֹ. עַל מְנָת שֶׁיֶּשׁ לִי בְמָקוֹם פְּלוֹנִי, אִם יֶשׁ לוֹ בְאוֹתוֹ מָקוֹם, מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת. וְאִם לָאו, אֵינָהּ מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת. עַל מְנָת שֶׁאַרְאֵךְ בֵּית כּוֹר עָפָר, הֲרֵי זוֹ מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת וְיַרְאֶנָּה. וְאִם הֶרְאָהּ בַּבִּקְעָה, אֵינָהּ מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת:

**Open Mishnah:**
"On condition that I own a *beit kor* [a measure of area, equivalent to that area of land large enough to require a *kor* of seeds to sow it] of dirt [i.e., a field]," she is betrothed, [as long as] he has it. "On condition that I have [a *beit kor*] in a certain place," if he has it in that place, she is betrothed; if not, she is not betrothed. "On condition that I will show you a *beit kor*," she is betrothed, and he must show it to her. If he showed it to her in the valley, she is not betrothed.


###### Mishnah Kiddushin 3:4
[Mishnah Kiddushin 3:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishnah%20Kiddushin/r/3:4)

רַבִּי מֵאִיר אוֹמֵר, כָּל תְּנַאי שֶׁאֵינוֹ כִתְנַאי בְּנֵי גָד וּבְנֵי רְאוּבֵן, אֵינוֹ תְנַאי, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (במדבר לב), וַיֹּאמֶר משֶׁה אֲלֵהֶם אִם יַעַבְרוּ בְנֵי גָד וּבְנֵי רְאוּבֵן, וּכְתִיב, וְאִם לֹא יַעַבְרוּ חֲלוּצִים. רַבִּי חֲנִינָא בֶן גַּמְלִיאֵל אוֹמֵר, צָרִיךְ הָיָה הַדָּבָר לְאָמְרוֹ, שֶׁאִלְמָלֵא כֵן, יֵשׁ בְּמַשְׁמַע שֶׁאֲפִלּוּ בְאֶרֶץ כְּנַעַן לֹא יִנְחָלוּ:

**Open Mishnah:**
Rabbi Meir says, "Any condition that is not like the condition of the men of [the tribe of] Reuven and the men of [the tribe of] Gad is not a [valid] condition; as it says, "Moses said to them, 'If the men of Reuven and the men of Gad will cross with you,'" and it is written, "If they will not cross armed with you" (Numbers 32:29–30). Rabbi Hananiah, son of Gamliel says, "The matter needed to be stated, for if not so, it would be implied that even in the Land of Canaan they would not inherit [a portion of land]."


###### Mishnah Kiddushin 3:5
[Mishnah Kiddushin 3:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishnah%20Kiddushin/r/3:5)

הַמְקַדֵּשׁ אֶת הָאִשָּׁה וְאָמַר, כְּסָבוּר הָיִיתִי שֶׁהִיא כֹהֶנֶת וַהֲרֵי הִיא לְוִיָּה, לְוִיָּה וַהֲרֵי הִיא כֹהֶנֶת, עֲנִיָּה וַהֲרֵי הִיא עֲשִׁירָה, עֲשִׁירָה וַהֲרֵי הִיא עֲנִיָּה, הֲרֵי זוֹ מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁלֹּא הִטְעַתּוּ. הָאוֹמֵר לְאִשָּׁה, הֲרֵי אַתְּ מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת לִי לְאַחַר שֶׁאֶתְגַּיֵּר אוֹ לְאַחַר שֶׁתִּתְגַּיְּרִי, לְאַחַר שֶׁאֶשְׁתַּחְרֵר אוֹ לְאַחַר שֶׁתִּשְׁתַּחְרְרִי, לְאַחַר שֶׁיָּמוּת בַּעֲלֵךְ אוֹ לְאַחַר שֶׁתָּמוּת אֲחוֹתֵךְ, לְאַחַר שֶׁיַּחֲלֹץ לָךְ יְבָמֵךְ, אֵינָהּ מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת. וְכֵן הָאוֹמֵר לַחֲבֵרוֹ, אִם יָלְדָה אִשְׁתְּךָ נְקֵבָה הֲרֵי הִיא מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת לִי, אֵינָהּ מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת. אִם הָיְתָה אֵשֶׁת חֲבֵרוֹ מְעֻבֶּרֶת וְהֻכַּר עֻבָּרָהּ, דְּבָרָיו קַיָּמִין, וְאִם יָלְדָה נְקֵבָה, מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת:

**Open Mishnah:**
[With regard to] one who betroths a woman, and [later] says, "I had thought that she was a Kohenet [daughter of a Kohen] and behold she is a Levite;" "A Levite, and behold she is a Kohenet;" "Poor, and behold she is rich;" "Rich, and behold she is poor;" [in all these cases] she is betrothed, because she did not deceive him. [With regard to] one who says to a woman, "You are hereby betrothed to me after I convert;" "After you convert;" "After I am freed;" "After you are freed;" "After your husband dies;" "After your sister dies;" "After your *yavam* performs *chalitzah* [the ceremony performed to release a widow of a childless man from the obligation of levirate marriage];" [in all these cases] she is not betrothed. Similarly, [with regard to] one who says to his fellow, "If your wife gives birth to a female, [the child] is hereby betrothed to me," she is not betrothed. If his fellow's wife was visibly pregnant, his words are valid; and if she gives birth to a female, she is betrothed.


###### Mishnah Kiddushin 3:6
[Mishnah Kiddushin 3:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishnah%20Kiddushin/r/3:6)

הָאוֹמֵר לְאִשָּׁה הֲרֵי אַתְּ מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת לִי עַל מְנָת שֶׁאֲדַבֵּר עָלַיִךְ לַשִּׁלְטוֹן וְאֶעֱשֶׂה עִמָּךְ כְּפוֹעֵל, דִּבֶּר עָלֶיהָ לַשִּׁלְטוֹן וְעָשָׂה עִמָּהּ כְּפוֹעֵל, מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת. וְאִם לָאו, אֵינָהּ מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת. עַל מְנָת שֶׁיִּרְצֶה אַבָּא, רָצָה הָאָב, מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת. וְאִם לָאו אֵינָה מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת. מֵת הָאָב, הֲרֵי זוֹ מְקֻדֶּשֶׁת. מֵת הַבֵּן, מְלַמְּדִין הָאָב לוֹמַר שֶׁאֵינוֹ רוֹצֶה:

**Open Mishnah:**
[With regard to] one who says to a woman, "You are hereby betrothed to me on condition that I speak on your behalf to the ruler," or "that I work for you as a laborer." If he speaks on her behalf to the ruler, or works for her as a laborer, she is betrothed; if not, she is not betrothed. "On condition that father is willing." If the father is willing, she is betrothed; if not, she is not betrothed. If the father died, she is betrothed. If the son died, we instruct the father to say that he is not willing.


###### Mishnah Kiddushin 3:7
[Mishnah Kiddushin 3:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishnah%20Kiddushin/r/3:7)

קִדַּשְׁתִּי אֶת בִּתִּי וְאֵינִי יוֹדֵעַ לְמִי קִדַּשְׁתִּיהָ, וּבָא אֶחָד וְאָמַר אֲנִי קִדַּשְׁתִּיהָ, נֶאֱמָן. זֶה אָמַר אֲנִי קִדַּשְׁתִּיהָ וְזֶה אָמַר אֲנִי קִדַּשְׁתִּיהָ, שְׁנֵיהֶם נוֹתְנִים גֵּט. וְאִם רָצוּ, אֶחָד נוֹתֵן גֵּט וְאֶחָד כּוֹנֵס:

**Open Mishnah:**
[One who says,] "I had my daughter betrothed, but I do not know to whom I had her betrothed;" and another comes and says, "I betrothed her," he is believed. [If] this one says, "I betrothed her," and this [other] one says, "I betrothed her," they both [must] give a bill of divorce. And if they desire, one gives a bill of divorce and one marries her.


###### Mishnah Kiddushin 3:8
[Mishnah Kiddushin 3:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishnah%20Kiddushin/r/3:8)

קִדַּשְׁתִּי אֶת בִּתִּי, קִדַּשְׁתִּיהָ וְגֵרַשְׁתִּיהָ כְּשֶׁהִיא קְטַנָּה, וַהֲרֵי הִיא קְטַנָּה, נֶאֱמָן. קִדַּשְׁתִּיהָ וְגֵרַשְׁתִּיהָ כְּשֶׁהִיא קְטַנָּה, וַהֲרֵי הִיא גְדוֹלָה, אֵינוֹ נֶאֱמָן. נִשְׁבֵּית וּפְדִיתִיהָ, בֵּין שֶׁהִיא קְטַנָּה בֵּין שֶׁהִיא גְדוֹלָה, אֵינוֹ נֶאֱמָן. מִי שֶׁאָמַר בִּשְׁעַת מִיתָתוֹ, יֶשׁ לִי בָנִים, נֶאֱמָן. יֶשׁ לִי אַחִים, אֵינוֹ נֶאֱמָן. הַמְקַדֵּשׁ אֶת בִּתּוֹ סְתָם, אֵין הַבּוֹגְרוֹת בִּכְלָל:

**Open Mishnah:**
[If one says,] "I had my daughter betrothed," or, "I had her betrothed and divorced when she was a minor," and she is [still] a minor, he is believed. "I had her betrothed and divorced when she was a minor" and she is [currently] an adult, he is not believed. "She was captured and I redeemed her," whether she is a minor or an adult, he is not believed. One who said at his time of death, "I have sons," is believed; "I have brothers," he is not believed. One who has his daughter betrothed without specifying [which one], adult daughters are not included.


###### Mishnah Kiddushin 3:9
[Mishnah Kiddushin 3:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishnah%20Kiddushin/r/3:9)

מִי שֶׁיֶּשׁ לוֹ שְׁתֵּי כִתֵּי בָנוֹת מִשְּׁתֵּי נָשִׁים, וְאָמַר קִדַּשְׁתִּי אֶת בִּתִּי הַגְּדוֹלָה וְאֵינִי יוֹדֵעַ אִם גְּדוֹלָה שֶׁבַּגְּדוֹלוֹת אוֹ גְדוֹלָה שֶׁבַּקְּטַנּוֹת, אוֹ קְטַנָּה שֶׁבַּגְּדוֹלוֹת שֶׁהִיא גְדוֹלָה מִן הַגְּדוֹלָה שֶׁבַּקְּטַנּוֹת, כֻּלָּן אֲסוּרוֹת, חוּץ מִן הַקְּטַנָּה שֶׁבַּקְּטַנּוֹת, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי מֵאִיר. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר, כֻּלָּן מֻתָּרוֹת, חוּץ מִן הַגְּדוֹלָה שֶׁבַּגְּדוֹלוֹת. קִדַּשְׁתִּי אֶת בִּתִּי הַקְּטַנָּה וְאֵינִי יוֹדֵעַ אִם קְטַנָּה שֶׁבַּקְּטַנּוֹת אוֹ קְטַנָּה שֶׁבַּגְּדוֹלוֹת, אוֹ גְדוֹלָה שֶׁבַּקְּטַנּוֹת שֶׁהִיא קְטַנָּה מִן הַקְּטַנּוֹת שֶׁבַּגְּדוֹלוֹת, כֻּלָּן אֲסוּרוֹת, חוּץ מִן הַגְּדוֹלָה שֶׁבַּגְּדוֹלוֹת, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי מֵאִיר. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר, כֻּלָּן מֻתָּרוֹת, חוּץ מִן הַקְּטַנָּה שֶׁבַּקְּטַנּוֹת:

**Open Mishnah:**
[With regard to] one who has two sets of daughters from two wives, and says, "I had my older daughter betrothed, but I do not know if it was the older of the older ones, or the older of the younger ones, or the younger of the older ones who is older than the older of the younger ones;" they are all forbidden, except for the youngest of the younger ones. These are the words of Rabbi Meir. Rabbi Yose says, "They are all permitted, except for the older of the older ones." [If he says,] "I had my younger daughter betrothed, but I do not know if it was the younger of the younger ones, or the younger of the older ones, or the older of the younger ones who is younger than the younger of the older ones, they are all forbidden, except for the oldest of the older ones. These are the words of Rabbi Meir. Rabbi Yossi says, "They are all permitted, except for the younger of the younger ones."


###### Mishnah Kiddushin 3:10
[Mishnah Kiddushin 3:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishnah%20Kiddushin/r/3:10)

הָאוֹמֵר לְאִשָּׁה, קִדַּשְׁתִּיךְ, וְהִיא אוֹמֶרֶת לֹא קִדַּשְׁתָּנִי, הוּא אָסוּר בִּקְרוֹבוֹתֶיהָ, וְהִיא מֻתֶּרֶת בִּקְרוֹבָיו. הִיא אוֹמֶרֶת קִדַּשְׁתָּנִי וְהוּא אוֹמֵר לֹא קִדַּשְׁתִּיךְ, הוּא מֻתָּר בִּקְרוֹבוֹתֶיהָ, וְהִיא אֲסוּרָה בִקְרוֹבָיו. קִדַּשְׁתִּיךְ, וְהִיא אוֹמֶרֶת לֹא קִדַּשְׁתָּ אֶלָּא בִתִּי, הוּא אָסוּר בִּקְרוֹבוֹת גְּדוֹלָה, וּגְדוֹלָה מֻתֶּרֶת בִּקְרוֹבָיו. הוּא מֻתָּר בִּקְרוֹבוֹת קְטַנָּה, וּקְטַנָּה מֻתֶּרֶת בִּקְרוֹבָיו:

**Open Mishnah:**
[With regard to] one who says to a woman, "I betrothed you," and she says, "You did not betroth me;" he is forbidden to [marry] her relatives, and she is permitted to [marry] his relatives. [With regard to one who says to a man,] "You betrothed me," and he says, "I did not betroth you;" he is permitted to [marry] her relatives, and she is forbidden to [marry] his relatives. [With regard to one who says to a woman,] "I betrothed you," and she says, "You betrothed none other than my daughter," he is forbidden to [marry] the relatives of the older one [i.e., the mother], and the older one is permitted to [marry] his relatives; he is permitted to [marry] the relatives of the younger one, and the younger one is permitted to [marry] his relatives.


###### Mishnah Kiddushin 3:11
[Mishnah Kiddushin 3:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishnah%20Kiddushin/r/3:11)

קִדַּשְׁתִּי אֶת בִּתֵּךְ, וְהִיא אוֹמֶרֶת לֹא קִדַּשְׁתָּ אֶלָּא אוֹתִי, הוּא אָסוּר בִּקְרוֹבוֹת קְטַנָּה, וּקְטַנָּה מֻתֶּרֶת בִּקְרוֹבָיו, הוּא מֻתָּר בִּקְרוֹבוֹת גְּדוֹלָה, וּגְדוֹלָה אֲסוּרָה בִקְרוֹבָיו:

**Open Mishnah:**
[With regard to one who says to a woman,] "I betrothed your daughter," and she says, "You betrothed none other than myself," he is forbidden to [marry] the relatives of the younger one, and the younger one is permitted to [marry] his relatives; he is permitted to [marry] the relatives of the older one, and the older one is forbidden to [marry] his relatives.


###### Mishnah Kiddushin 3:12
[Mishnah Kiddushin 3:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishnah%20Kiddushin/r/3:12)

כָּל מָקוֹם שֶׁיֵּשׁ קִדּוּשִׁין וְאֵין עֲבֵרָה, הַוָּלָד הוֹלֵךְ אַחַר הַזָּכָר. וְאֵיזֶה, זוֹ כֹהֶנֶת, לְוִיָּה וְיִשְׂרְאֵלִית שֶׁנִּשְּׂאוּ לְכֹהֵן וּלְלֵוִי וּלְיִשְׂרָאֵל. וְכָל מָקוֹם שֶׁיֵּשׁ קִדּוּשִׁין וְיֵשׁ עֲבֵרָה, הַוָּלָד הוֹלֵךְ אַחַר הַפָּגוּם. וְאֵיזוֹ, זוֹ אַלְמָנָה לְכֹהֵן גָּדוֹל, גְּרוּשָׁה וַחֲלוּצָה לְכֹהֵן הֶדְיוֹט, מַמְזֶרֶת וּנְתִינָה לְיִשְׂרָאֵל, בַּת יִשְׂרָאֵל לְמַמְזֵר וּלְנָתִין. וְכָל מִי שֶׁאֵין לָהּ עָלָיו קִדּוּשִׁין אֲבָל יֶשׁ לָהּ עַל אֲחֵרִים קִדּוּשִׁין, הַוָּלָד מַמְזֵר. וְאֵיזֶה, זֶה הַבָּא עַל אַחַת מִכָּל הָעֲרָיוֹת שֶׁבַּתּוֹרָה. וְכָל מִי שֶׁאֵין לָהּ לֹא עָלָיו וְלֹא עַל אֲחֵרִים קִדּוּשִׁין, הַוָּלָד כְּמוֹתָהּ. וְאֵיזֶה, זֶה וְלַד שִׁפְחָה וְנָכְרִית:

**Open Mishnah:**
Wherever there is [a valid] betrothal and no sin, the child follows the male [with regard to familial status]. Which is this? This is a Kohenet, a Levite woman, or an Israelite woman who married a Kohen, a Levite or an Israelite. Wherever there is [a valid] betrothal and there is a sin, the child follows the defective one. Which is this? This is a widow married to the Kohen Gadol [High Priest], a divorcee or a *chalutzah* [the widow of a childless man released from the obligation of levirate marriage by a ceremony performed by her brother-in-law] [married] to an ordinary Kohen, a *mamzeret* [the female offspring of certain prohibited relationships who may not marry into the general Jewish population] or a *Netina* [female Gibeonite] to an Israelite, a female Israelite to a *mamzer* or *Netina*. [With] any [woman] for whom there is no betrothal to him, but there is betrothal to others, the child is a *mamzer*. Which is this? This is one who has sexual intercourse with any one of the forbidden sexual relations [mentioned] in the Torah. Any [woman] for whom there is no betrothal either to him or to others, the child is like her. Which is this? This is the child of a [non-Jewish] maidservant or a non-Jewish woman.


###### Mishnah Kiddushin 3:13
[Mishnah Kiddushin 3:13](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishnah%20Kiddushin/r/3:13)

רַבִּי טַרְפוֹן אוֹמֵר, יְכוֹלִין מַמְזֵרִים לִטַּהֵר. כֵּיצַד. מַמְזֵר שֶׁנָּשָׂא שִׁפְחָה, הַוָּלָד עֶבֶד. שִׁחְרְרוֹ, נִמְצָא הַבֵּן בֶּן חוֹרִין. רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר אוֹמֵר, הֲרֵי זֶה עֶבֶד מַמְזֵר:

**Open Mishnah:**
Rabbi Tarfon says, "It is possible for *mamzerim*" to be purified [from their status]. How so? A *mamzer* who married a [non-Jewish] maidservant, the child is a [non-Jewish] slave. If they were freed, the son becomes a free [ordinary Jew]. Rabbi Eliezer says: This [child] is a *mamzer* slave.