## Mishnah Menachot Chapter 7

###### Mishnah Menachot 7:1
[Mishnah Menachot 7:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishnah%20Menachot/r/7:1)

הַתּוֹדָה הָיְתָה בָאָה חָמֵשׁ סְאִין יְרוּשַׁלְמִיּוֹת, שֶׁהֵן שֵׁשׁ מִדְבָּרִיּוֹת, שְׁתֵּי אֵיפוֹת, הָאֵיפָה שָׁלשׁ סְאִין, עֶשְׂרִים עִשָּׂרוֹן, עֲשָׂרָה לֶחָמֵץ וַעֲשָׂרָה לַמַּצָּה. עֲשָׂרָה לֶחָמֵץ, עִשָּׂרוֹן לְחַלָּה. וַעֲשָׂרָה לַמַּצָּה, וּבַמַּצָּה שְׁלשָׁה מִינִין, חַלּוֹת וּרְקִיקִים וּרְבוּכָה. נִמְצְאוּ שְׁלשָׁה עֶשְׂרוֹנוֹת וּשְׁלִישׁ לְכָל מִין, שָׁלשׁ חַלּוֹת לְעִשָּׂרוֹן. בְּמִדָּה יְרוּשַׁלְמִית הָיוּ שְׁלשִׁים קַב, חֲמִשָּׁה עָשָׂר לֶחָמֵץ, וַחֲמִשָּׁה עָשָׂר לַמַּצָּה. חֲמִשָּׁה עָשָׂר לֶחָמֵץ, קַב וָחֵצִי לְחַלָּה. וַחֲמִשָּׁה עָשָׂר לַמַּצָּה, וְהַמַּצָּה שְׁלשָׁה מִינִין, חַלּוֹת וּרְקִיקִים וּרְבוּכָה, נִמְצְאוּ חֲמֵשֶׁת קַבִּים לְכָל מִין, שְׁתֵּי חַלּוֹת לְקָב:

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The flour for the loaves accompanying **the thanks offering would come** from a measure of **five Jerusalem *se’a* offering, which are** equivalent to **six wilderness** *se’a*. The *se’a* referred to in the Bible when the Jewish people were in the wilderness is smaller than the *se’a* used later in Jerusalem. This is equivalent to **two ephahs,** each **ephah** being **three** wilderness ***se’a*.** These two ephahs are **twenty** measures of **a tenth** of an ephah. **Ten** of these tenths were used **to** make **leavened** loaves **and ten** of these tenths were used **to** make unleavened loaves, i.e., ***matza*.** The mishna elaborates: There are **ten** tenths **for the** loaves of **leavened bread, a tenth** of an ephah **per loaf. And** there are **ten** tenths **for the** loaves of ***matza*. And among** the loaves of ***matza*** there are **three types: Loaves, wafers, and** those **poached in water,** ten loaves of each type. **Consequently,** there are **three-and-one-third tenths** of an ephah **for each and every type, three loaves per tenth** of an ephah. **And in the Jerusalem measure there were thirty *kav*, fifteen** *kav* **for** the loaves of **leavened bread and fifteen for** the loaves of ***matza*.** The mishna elaborates: There are **fifteen** *kav* **for** the loaves of **leavened bread, one and one-half *kav* per loaf.** And there are **fifteen** *kav* **for** the loaves of ***matza*. And among** the loaves of ***matza*** there are **three types: Loaves, wafers, and** those **poached in water. Consequently,** there are **five *kav* for each and every type, two loaves per *kav*.**


###### Mishnah Menachot 7:2
[Mishnah Menachot 7:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishnah%20Menachot/r/7:2)

הַמִּלּוּאִים הָיוּ בָאִים כַּמַּצָּה שֶׁבַּתּוֹדָה, חַלּוֹת וּרְקִיקִים וּרְבוּכָה. הַנְּזִירוּת הָיְתָה בָאָה שְׁתֵּי יָדוֹת בַּמַּצָּה שֶׁבַּתּוֹדָה, חַלּוֹת וּרְקִיקִים, וְאֵין בָּהּ רְבוּכָה, נִמְצְאוּ עֲשָׂרָה קַבִּים יְרוּשַׁלְמִיּוֹת, שֶׁהֵן שִׁשָּׁה עֶשְׂרוֹנוֹת וַעֲדוּיָן. וּמִכֻּלָּן הָיָה נוֹטֵל אֶחָד מֵעֲשָׂרָה תְּרוּמָה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (ויקרא ז), וְהִקְרִיב מִמֶּנּוּ אֶחָד מִכָּל קָרְבָּן תְּרוּמָה לַה'. אֶחָד, שֶׁלֹּא יִטֹּל פָּרוּס. מִכָּל קָרְבָּן, שֶׁיְּהוּ כָל הַקָּרְבָּנוֹת שָׁוִין, וְשֶׁלֹּא יִטֹּל מִקָּרְבָּן לַחֲבֵרוֹ. לַכֹּהֵן הַזֹּרֵק אֶת דַּם הַשְּׁלָמִים לוֹ יִהְיֶה, וְהַשְּׁאָר נֶאֱכָל לַבְּעָלִים:

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The loaves that accompanied the ram of **the inauguration** of the Tabernacle **would come parallel to the** three types of ***matza* that** accompany **the thanks offering: Loaves, wafers, and** loaves **poached** in water and made with oil (see Leviticus 8:26). The loaves of leavened bread that accompany the thanks offering were not brought with the ram of inauguration. The loaves that accompany the offering that the nazirite brings upon completion of his period of **naziriteship would come** with only **two parts** of the three types of *matza* that accompany the thanks offering, namely, **loaves and wafers, but there is no** *matza* **poached** in water (see Numbers 6:15). **Consequently,** the loaves of the offering of a nazirite are from **ten *kav*** of fine flour according to the **Jerusalem** measure, as taught in the previous mishna that each type of the loaves of *matza* comes from five *kav* of flour, **which** equal **six-and-two-thirds tenths** of an ephah according to the wilderness measure, as each type of the loaves of *matza* comes from three-and-one-third tenths of an ephah. **From all** of the four types of loaves accompanying the thanks offering, **one takes one** loaf **from** each set of **ten as *teruma*,** to be given to a priest, **as it is stated: “And he shall present from it one of each offering as a *teruma* unto the Lord;** to the priest that sprinkles the blood of the peace offerings against the altar it shall be given” (Leviticus 7:14). The verse is analyzed: **“One”** indicates **that one should not take a sliced** loaf; **“of each offering”** indicates **that all the offerings should be equal,** i.e., **that one should not take** a loaf **from** one type of **offering for another** type; **“to the priest that sprinkles the blood of the peace offerings against the altar it shall be given,” and the rest** of the loaves are **eaten by the owner.**


###### Mishnah Menachot 7:3
[Mishnah Menachot 7:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishnah%20Menachot/r/7:3)

הַשּׁוֹחֵט אֶת הַתּוֹדָה בִּפְנִים, וְלַחְמָהּ חוּץ לַחוֹמָה, לֹא קָדַשׁ הַלָּחֶם. שְׁחָטָהּ עַד שֶׁלֹּא קָרְמוּ בַתַּנּוּר, וַאֲפִלּוּ קָרְמוּ כֻלָּן חוּץ מֵאַחַד מֵהֶן, לֹא קָדַשׁ הַלָּחֶם. שְׁחָטָהּ חוּץ לִזְמַנָּהּ וְחוּץ לִמְקוֹמָהּ, קָדַשׁ הַלָּחֶם. שְׁחָטָהּ וְנִמְצֵאת טְרֵפָה, לֹא קָדַשׁ הַלָּחֶם. שְׁחָטָהּ וְנִמְצֵאת בַּעֲלַת מוּם, רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר אוֹמֵר, קָדָשׁ, וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים, לֹא קָדַשׁ. שְׁחָטָהּ שֶׁלֹּא לִשְׁמָהּ, וְכֵן אֵיל הַמִּלוּאִים וְכֵן שְׁנֵי כִבְשֵׂי עֲצֶרֶת שֶׁשְּׁחָטָן שֶׁלֹּא לִשְׁמָן, לֹא קָדַשׁ הַלָּחֶם:

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
In the case of **one who slaughters the thanks offering** in its proper place **inside** the Temple courtyard, **and** at that time **its** forty **loaves were outside the wall, the loaves were not consecrated.** Likewise, **if he slaughtered** the thanks offering **before the surface** of the loaves **formed a crust in the oven, and even** if the surface of all the loaves **formed a crust except for one of them, the loaves were not consecrated.** If one **slaughtered** the thanks offering with the intent to partake of it or to burn the sacrificial portions **beyond its** designated **time or outside its** designated **area,** and the offering was rendered *piggul* or was disqualified, respectively, **the loaves were consecrated** and either rendered *piggul* or disqualified. If one **slaughtered** the thanks offering **and it was discovered** that it was **an animal with a wound that would have caused it to die within twelve months [*tereifa*], the loaves were not consecrated,** as the cause of the animal’s disqualification preceded its slaughter. If one **slaughtered** the thanks offering **and it was discovered** that it is **a blemished** animal that may not be sacrificed *ab initio* but if it ascended the altar it may be sacrificed, **Rabbi Eliezer says:** He has **consecrated** the loaves, since if the offering ascends the altar it is sacrificed. **And the Rabbis say:** He has **not consecrated** the loaves, since it may not be sacrificed *ab initio*. If one **slaughtered** the thanks offering **not for its sake** but for the sake of another offering, **and likewise,** if one slaughtered **the ram of inauguration** not for its sake, **and likewise,** if one **slaughtered the** communal peace offering of **two sheep** that accompany the two loaves on ***Shavuot* not for their sake, the loaves were not consecrated.**


###### Mishnah Menachot 7:4
[Mishnah Menachot 7:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishnah%20Menachot/r/7:4)

נְסָכִין שֶׁקָּדְשׁוּ בִכְלִי וְנִמְצָא הַזֶּבַח פָּסוּל, אִם יֶשׁ שָׁם זֶבַח אַחֵר, יִקְרְבוּ עִמּוֹ. וְאִם לָאו, יִפָּסְלוּ בְלִינָה. וְלַד תּוֹדָה וּתְמוּרָתָהּ, וְהַמַּפְרִישׁ תּוֹדָתוֹ וְאָבְדָה וְהִפְרִישׁ אַחֶרֶת תַּחְתֶּיהָ, אֵינָן טְעוּנִים לֶחֶם, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (ויקרא ז), וְהִקְרִיב עַל זֶבַח הַתּוֹדָה, הַתּוֹדָה טְעוּנָה לֶחֶם, וְלֹא וְלָדָהּ וְלֹא חֲלִיפָתָהּ וְלֹא תְמוּרָתָהּ טְעוּנִין לָחֶם:

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
In a case where **the libations** that accompany the offerings **were sanctified in** a service **vessel** when the animal was slaughtered **and the offering was discovered** to be **unfit, if there is another offering** that was slaughtered and requires libations, the libations **should be sacrificed with** that offering; **and if not, they should be disqualified by** being **left overnight,** and then burned. With regard to **the offspring** of an animal designated as **a thanks offering, or** an animal that is **its substitute;** or in a case where **one separated** an animal as **a thanks offering and it was lost and he separated another in its stead,** and the first animal was then found, in all three cases, the second animal, i.e., the offspring, the substitute, or the replacement, is sacrificed, but it **does not require** the bringing of accompanying **loaves.** This is **as it is stated:** “If he sacrifices it for a thanks offering, **then he shall sacrifice with the thanks offering** unleavened cakes mingled with oil, and unleavened wafers spread with oil, and cakes mingled with oil, of fine flour poached” (Leviticus 7:12). The verse indicates that **the** initial **thanks offering requires loaves, but neither its offspring, nor its replacement, nor its substitute requires loaves.**


###### Mishnah Menachot 7:5
[Mishnah Menachot 7:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishnah%20Menachot/r/7:5)

הָאוֹמֵר הֲרֵי עָלַי תּוֹדָה, יָבִיא הִיא וְלַחְמָהּ מִן הַחֻלִּין. תּוֹדָה מִן הַחֻלִּין וְלַחְמָהּ מִן הַמַּעֲשֵׂר, יָבִיא הִיא וְלַחְמָהּ מִן הַחֻלִּין. תּוֹדָה מִן הַמַּעֲשֵׂר וְלַחְמָהּ מִן הַחֻלִּין, יָבִיא. הַתּוֹדָה הִיא וְלַחְמָהּ מִן הַמַּעֲשֵׂר, יָבִיא. וְלֹא יָבִיא מֵחִטֵּי מַעֲשֵׂר שֵׁנִי, אֶלָּא מִמְּעוֹת מַעֲשֵׂר שֵׁנִי:

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**One who says: It** is incumbent **upon me** to bring **a thanks offering, must bring it and its loaves from non-sacred** money in his possession and not second-tithe money. Since he said: It is incumbent upon me, bringing the offering is an obligation, and one may not fulfill an obligation with second-tithe money. If one said: It is incumbent **upon me** to bring **a thanks offering from non-sacred** money **and its loaves from** second-**tithe** money, **he must bring** the thanks offering **and its loaves from non-sacred** money. If one said: It is incumbent upon me to bring **a thanks offering from** second-**tithe** money **and its loaves from non-sacred** money, **he may bring** it in that manner. Likewise, if one said: It is incumbent upon me to bring a thanks offering **and its loaves from** second-**tithe** money, **he may bring** it in that manner. **And he may not bring** the loaves **from second-tithe wheat; rather,** he purchases the flour **with second-tithe money.**


###### Mishnah Menachot 7:6
[Mishnah Menachot 7:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishnah%20Menachot/r/7:6)

מִנַּיִן לָאוֹמֵר הֲרֵי עָלַי תּוֹדָה, לֹא יָבִיא אֶלָּא מִן הַחֻלִּין, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (דברים טז), וְזָבַחְתָּ פֶּסַח לַה' אֱלֹהֶיךָ צֹאן וּבָקָר, וַהֲלֹא אֵין פֶּסַח בָּא אֶלָּא מִן הַכְּבָשִׂים וּמִן הָעִזִּים. אִם כֵּן, לָמָּה נֶאֱמַר צֹאן וּבָקָר. אֶלָּא לְהָקִישׁ כֹּל הַבָּא מִן הַבָּקָר וּמִן הַצֹּאן לַפֶּסַח, מַה הַפֶּסַח, שֶׁהוּא בָא בְחוֹבָה, אֵינוֹ בָא אֶלָּא מִן הַחֻלִּין, אַף כָּל דָּבָר שֶׁהוּא בָא בְחוֹבָה, לֹא יָבֹא אֶלָּא מִן הַחֻלִּין. לְפִיכָךְ, הָאוֹמֵר הֲרֵי עָלַי תּוֹדָה, הֲרֵי עָלַי שְׁלָמִים, הוֹאִיל וְהֵם בָּאִים חוֹבָה, לֹא יָבֹאוּ אֶלָּא מִן הַחֻלִּין. וְהַנְּסָכִים בְּכָל מָקוֹם לֹא יָבֹאוּ אֶלָּא מִן הַחֻלִּין:

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**From where** is it derived with regard to **one who says: It** is incumbent **upon me** to bring **a thanks offering, that he may bring** it **only from non-sacred** money? It is derived from a verse, as **the verse states: “And you shall sacrifice the Paschal offering to the Lord your God, of the flock and the herd”** (Deuteronomy 16:2). The verse is difficult: **Doesn’t the Paschal offering come only from lambs and goats? If so, why does the verse state: “The flock and the herd”?** It is **to juxtapose all** offerings **that come from the flock and from the herd to** the **Paschal offering,** teaching that **just as** the **Paschal offering** is **a matter of obligation and comes only from non-sacred** money, **so too any matter of obligation comes only from non-sacred** money. **Therefore,** in the case of **one who says: It** is incumbent **upon me** to bring **a thanks offering,** or: **It** is incumbent **upon me** to bring **a peace offering, since** these offerings **come** as **an obligation** due to his vow, **they may be brought only from non-sacred** money. **And libations, in any case, may be brought only from non-sacred** money, and not from second-tithe money, because second-tithe money must be used to purchase items eaten by people, while libations are poured out next to the altar.