## Mishnah Zevachim Chapter 10

###### Mishnah Zevachim 10:1
[Mishnah Zevachim 10:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishnah%20Zevachim/r/10:1)

כֹּל הַתָּדִיר מֵחֲבֵרוֹ, קוֹדֵם אֶת חֲבֵרוֹ. הַתְּמִידִים קוֹדְמִים לַמּוּסָפִין, מוּסְפֵי שַׁבָּת קוֹדְמִין לְמוּסְפֵי רֹאשׁ חֹדֶשׁ, מוּסְפֵי רֹאשׁ חֹדֶשׁ קוֹדְמִין לְמוּסְפֵי רֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (במדבר כח), מִלְּבַד עֹלַת הַבֹּקֶר אֲשֶׁר לְעֹלַת הַתָּמִיד תַּעֲשׂוּ אֶת אֵלֶּה:

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Any** offering **that is** more **frequent than another precedes the other** offering. Therefore, **the daily offerings precede the additional offerings,** which are sacrificed only on certain days. When Shabbat and the New Moon coincide, the **additional Shabbat offerings precede** the **additional New Moon offerings.** Likewise, the **additional New Moon offerings precede** the **additional New Year offerings.** The mishna cites the source for the principle that the frequent precedes the less frequent: **As it is stated** with regard to the additional offerings of the first day of Passover: **“Besides the burnt offering of the morning, which is for a daily burnt offering, you shall offer these”** (Numbers 28:23). The verse indicates that the daily offering is sacrificed first, and then the additional offerings are sacrificed.


###### Mishnah Zevachim 10:2
[Mishnah Zevachim 10:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishnah%20Zevachim/r/10:2)

וְכֹל הַמְקֻדָּשׁ מֵחֲבֵרוֹ, קוֹדֵם אֶת חֲבֵרוֹ. דַּם חַטָּאת קוֹדֵם לְדַם עוֹלָה, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוּא מְרַצֶּה. אֵבְרֵי עוֹלָה קוֹדְמִין לְאֵמוּרֵי חַטָּאת, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהֵן כָּלִיל לָאִשִּׁים. חַטָּאת קוֹדֶמֶת לְאָשָׁם, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁדָּמָהּ נִתָּן עַל אַרְבַּע קְרָנוֹת וְעַל הַיְּסוֹד. אָשָׁם קוֹדֵם לְתוֹדָה וּלְאֵיל נָזִיר, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוּא קָדְשֵׁי קָדָשִׁים. הַתּוֹדָה וְאֵיל נָזִיר קוֹדְמִין לִשְׁלָמִים, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהֵן נֶאֱכָלִין לְיוֹם אֶחָד, וּטְעוּנִים לָחֶם. שְׁלָמִים קוֹדְמִין לִבְכוֹר, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהֵם טְעוּנִין מַתַּן אַרְבַּע, וּסְמִיכָה וּנְּסָכִים וּתְנוּפַת חָזֶה וָשׁוֹק:

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Any** offering **that is** more **sacred than another precedes the other** offering. The mishna elaborates: If there is blood of a sin offering and blood of a burnt offering to be presented, **the blood of the sin offering precedes the blood of the burnt offering because it effects acceptance,** i.e., atonement, for severe transgressions punishable by *karet*. Likewise, if there are limbs of a burnt offering and portions of a sin offering to be burned on the altar, the burning of **the limbs of** the **burnt offering precedes the portions of** the **sin offering, because** the burnt offering **is entirely** burned **in the flames** on the altar, whereas only part of the sin offering is burned. Similarly, although both effect atonement, **a sin offering precedes a guilt offering due to** the fact **that its blood is placed on** the **four corners** of the altar and the remnants of its blood are poured **on the base** of the altar, whereas the blood of the guilt offering is sprinkled on only two corners of the altar. **A guilt offering precedes a thanks offering and** the **nazirite’s ram due to** the fact **that it is an offering of the most sacred order,** and the others are offerings of lesser sanctity. **A thanks offering and a nazirite’s ram precede a peace offering due to** the fact **that they are eaten for one day,** like offerings of the most sacred order, whereas a peace offering is eaten for two days, **and** the thanks offering and nazirite’s ram **require loaves** to be brought with them, four types with the thanks offering and two types with the nazirite’s ram. Sacrifice of **the peace offering precedes** sacrifice of **the firstborn** offering **due to** the fact **that** the peace offering **requires placing** the blood on the altar, in the form of two placements that are **four, and placing hands** on the head of the offering, **and libations, and the wavings of** the **breast and the thigh** by the priest and the owner; none of which is required for the firstborn offering.


###### Mishnah Zevachim 10:3
[Mishnah Zevachim 10:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishnah%20Zevachim/r/10:3)

הַבְּכוֹר קוֹדֵם לַמַּעֲשֵׂר מִפְּנֵי שֶׁקְּדֻשָּׁתוֹ מֵרֶחֶם, וְנֶאֱכָל לַכֹּהֲנִים. הַמַּעֲשֵׂר קוֹדֵם לָעוֹפוֹת, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוּא זֶבַח וְיֶשׁ בּוֹ קָדְשֵׁי קָדָשִׁים, דָּמוֹ וְאֵמוּרָיו:

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**The firstborn** offering **precedes the** animal **tithe** offering **because it is sanctified from** the **womb,** i.e., unlike the animal tithe offering it does not require consecration, **and it is eaten by the priests,** whereas everyone may partake of the animal tithe offering. **The** animal **tithe** offering **precedes bird** offerings **due to** the fact **that it** requires **slaughtering,** whereas the bird’s nape is pinched; **and there are** two elements **of** the animal tithe offering that have the status of **offerings of the most sacred order: Its blood** that is presented on the altar **and its portions** that are burned on the altar, whereas with regard to bird offerings only the blood is presented on the altar.


###### Mishnah Zevachim 10:4
[Mishnah Zevachim 10:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishnah%20Zevachim/r/10:4)

הָעוֹפוֹת קוֹדְמִין לַמְּנָחוֹת, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהֵן מִינֵי דָמִים. מִנְחַת חוֹטֵא קוֹדֶמֶת לְמִנְחַת נְדָבָה, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהִיא בָאָה עַל חֵטְא. חַטַּאת הָעוֹף קוֹדֶמֶת לְעוֹלַת הָעוֹף. וְכֵן בְּהֶקְדֵּשָׁהּ:

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**The bird** offerings **precede meal offerings due to** the fact **that they are types** whose **blood** is presented, and atonement is effected by the blood. The **meal offering of a sinner precedes a voluntary meal offering due to** the fact **that it comes** to atone **for a sin.** For the same reason the sacrifice of **the bird sin offering precedes** the sacrifice of **the bird burnt offering, and likewise with regard to its consecration,** the sin offering takes precedence.


###### Mishnah Zevachim 10:5
[Mishnah Zevachim 10:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishnah%20Zevachim/r/10:5)

כָּל הַחַטָּאוֹת שֶׁבַּתּוֹרָה, קוֹדְמוֹת לָאֲשָׁמוֹת, חוּץ מֵאֲשַׁם מְצֹרָע, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוּא בָא עַל יְדֵי הֶכְשֵׁר. כָּל הָאֲשָׁמוֹת שֶׁבַּתּוֹרָה בָּאִין בְּנֵי שְׁתַּיִם וּבָאִין בְּכֶסֶף שְׁקָלִים, חוּץ מֵאֲשַׁם נָזִיר וַאֲשַׁם מְצֹרָע, שֶׁהֵן בָּאִין בְּנֵי שְׁנָתָן וְאֵינָן בָּאִין בְּכֶסֶף שְׁקָלִים:

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**All the sin offerings** mandated **by the Torah take precedence over the guilt offerings,** as explained in the previous mishna (89a), **except for the guilt offering of a leper, because it comes to** render one **fit.** One who has been cured of leprosy must undergo a process through which he is rendered ritually pure before coming into contact with consecrated items. Although he must also bring a sin offering, his guilt offering is more central to that process of purification and therefore it takes precedence over the sin offering. **All the guilt offerings** mandated **by the Torah come** as rams **in their second year, and come worth** two **silver shekels, except for the guilt offering of a nazirite and the guilt offering of a leper, as they come** from sheep **in their** first **year, and do not** need to **come worth** two **silver shekels,** as they have no fixed value.


###### Mishnah Zevachim 10:6
[Mishnah Zevachim 10:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishnah%20Zevachim/r/10:6)

כְּשֵׁם שֶׁהֵן קוֹדְמִים בְּהַקְרָבָתָן, כָּךְ הֵן קוֹדְמִים בַּאֲכִילָתָן. שְׁלָמִים שֶׁל אֶמֶשׁ וּשְׁלָמִים שֶׁל הַיּוֹם, שֶׁל אֶמֶשׁ קוֹדְמִין. שְׁלָמִים שֶׁל אֶמֶשׁ וְחַטָּאת וְאָשָׁם שֶׁל הַיּוֹם, שְׁלָמִים שֶׁל אֶמֶשׁ קוֹדְמִין, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי מֵאִיר. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים, הַחַטָּאת קוֹדֶמֶת, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהִיא קָדְשֵׁי קָדָשִׁים:

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Just as** the more sacred offerings **precede** other offerings **with regard to their sacrifice,** as taught in the previous mishna (89a), **they** also **precede** the others **with regard to their consumption.** If one has **a peace offering from yesterday and a peace offering from today,** the peace offering **from yesterday precedes** the peace offering **from today.** If one has **a peace offering from yesterday** and **a sin offering or a guilt offering from today,** the **peace offering from yesterday precedes** the others; this is **the statement of Rabbi Meir. And the Rabbis say:** The **sin offering precedes** the peace offering, **due to** the fact **that it is an offering of the most sacred order.** Likewise, the guilt offering precedes the peace offering, as it is also of the most sacred order.


###### Mishnah Zevachim 10:7
[Mishnah Zevachim 10:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishnah%20Zevachim/r/10:7)

וּבְכֻלָּם, הַכֹּהֲנִים רַשָּׁאִין לְשַׁנּוֹת בַּאֲכִילָתָן, לְאָכְלָן צְלוּיִים, שְׁלוּקִים, וּמְבֻשָּׁלִים, וְלָתֵת לְתוֹכָן תִּבְלֵי חֻלִּין וְתִבְלֵי תְרוּמָה, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן. רַבִּי מֵאִיר אוֹמֵר, לֹא יִתֵּן לְתוֹכָן תִּבְלֵי תְרוּמָה, שֶׁלֹּא יָבִיא אֶת הַתְּרוּמָה לִידֵי פְסוּל:

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And** with regard to **all of** the offerings that are eaten, **the priests are permitted to alter** the manner of **their consumption** and eat them as they choose. Therefore, the priests are permitted **to eat them roasted, or boiled, or cooked,** and **to place in** the cooking pot **non-sacred spices or *teruma* spices.** This is **the statement of Rabbi Shimon. Rabbi Meir says: One may not place *teruma* spices in it,** so **that he will not bring the *teruma* to** a state **of disqualification.** Consumption of consecrated foods is permitted only for a limited period, after which they are disqualified and burned. Adding *teruma* spices might cause those spices to be similarly disqualified.


###### Mishnah Zevachim 10:8
[Mishnah Zevachim 10:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishnah%20Zevachim/r/10:8)

אָמַר רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן, אִם רָאִיתָ שֶׁמֶן שֶׁהוּא מִתְחַלֵּק בָּעֲזָרָה, אֵין אַתָּה צָרִיךְ לִשְׁאוֹל מַה הוּא, אֶלָּא מוֹתַר רְקִיקֵי מִנְחוֹת יִשְׂרָאֵל, וְלֹג שֶׁמֶן שֶׁל מְצֹרָע. אִם רָאִיתָ שֶׁמֶן שֶׁהוּא נָתוּן עַל גַּבֵּי הָאִשִּׁים, אֵין אַתָּה צָרִיךְ לִשְׁאוֹל מַה הוּא, אֶלָּא מוֹתַר רְקִיקֵי מִנְחוֹת כֹּהֲנִים, וּמִנְחַת כֹּהֵן הַמָּשִׁיחַ. שֶׁאֵין מִתְנַדְּבִים שָׁמֶן. רַבִּי טַרְפוֹן אוֹמֵר, מִתְנַדְּבִים שָׁמֶן:

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rabbi Shimon said: If you saw oil that is being distributed in the Temple courtyard** for consumption by the priests and you seek to ascertain its nature, you **do not need to ask what it is. Rather,** it is **left over** from the oil **of the wafers of the meal offerings of Israelites** after they smeared a bit of oil on them, **or** it is left over from the ***log* of oil of a leper** after a small amount of the oil was placed on him. **If you saw oil that is placed on the flames** of the altar in the manner of an offering, you **do not need to ask what it is. Rather,** it is **left over** from the oil **of the wafers of the meal offering of priests, or** it is the leftover oil from **the meal offering of the anointed priest,** which requires a great deal of oil and which is burned in its entirety on the altar. The mishna adds: One can-not say that the oil distributed to priests or burned on the altar was brought as a gift offering, **as one may not contribute oil** as a gift offering. **Rabbi Tarfon says: One may contribute oil** as a gift offering.