## Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings Chapter 3

###### Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:1
[Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishneh%20Torah%2C%20Heave%20Offerings/r/3:1)

תְּרוּמָה גְּדוֹלָה אֵין לָהּ שִׁעוּר מִן הַתּוֹרָה. שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (דברים יח ד) "רֵאשִׁית דְּגָנְךָ" כָּל שֶׁהוּא אֲפִלּוּ חִטָּה אַחַת פּוֹטֶרֶת הַכְּרִי. וּלְכַתְּחִלָּה לֹא יַפְרִישׁ אֶלָּא כַּשִּׁעוּר שֶׁנָּתְנוּ חֲכָמִים. וּבַזְּמַן הַזֶּה שֶׁהִיא עוֹמֶדֶת לִשְׂרֵפָה מִפְּנֵי הַטֻּמְאָה יֵשׁ לוֹ לְהַפְרִישׁ כָּל שֶׁהוּא לְכַתְּחִלָּה:

**Mishneh Torah, trans. by Eliyahu Touger. Jerusalem, Moznaim Pub. c1986-c2007:**
There is no minimum requirement for the great *terumah* according to Scriptural Law, as [implied by Deuteronomy 18:4]: "The first of your grain," i.e., even the slightest amount. Even one kernel of grain fulfills the requirement for the entire grain heap. Idealy, one should separate only according to the measures specified by our Sages. In the present age, when [the *terumah*] will be burnt because of impurity, a person may separate even the smallest amount as an initial and prefatory measure.¹, because they use it as fuel. Why then shouldn't they be given a full measure of impure *terumah*? He explains that since this is not the primary use of *terumah*, our Sages did not feel that for the minimal benefit the priest receives from burning the *terumah*, it was necessary to require the people to separate a larger amount.

footnotes:
¹ Since the produce will ultimately be burnt, there is no purpose in setting aside more than the very minimum. The Radbaz notes that the priests are also given the opportunity to benefit from impure terumah


###### Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:2
[Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishneh%20Torah%2C%20Heave%20Offerings/r/3:2)

וְכַמָּה הוּא שִׁעוּרָהּ שֶׁנָּתְנוּ חֲכָמִים. עַיִן יָפָה אֶחָד מֵאַרְבָּעִים. וְהַבֵּינוֹנִית אֶחָד מֵחֲמִשִּׁים. רָעָה אֶחָד מִשִּׁשִּׁים. וְלֹא יִפְחֹת מֵאֶחָד מִשִּׁשִּׁים:

**Mishneh Torah, trans. by Eliyahu Touger. Jerusalem, Moznaim Pub. c1986-c2007:**
What is the measure that our Sages established? A generous measure is one fourtieth [of the crop]. The average [measure] is one fiftieth and a parsimonious measure is one sixtieth.


###### Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:3
[Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishneh%20Torah%2C%20Heave%20Offerings/r/3:3)

כָּל תְּרוּמָה שֶׁאֵין הַכֹּהֲנִים מַקְפִּידִין עָלֶיהָ כְּגוֹן תְּרוּמוֹת הֶחָרוּבִין וְהַקְּלִיסִין נִטֶּלֶת לְכַתְּחִלָּה אֶחָד מִשִּׁשִּׁים. וְאֵלּוּ נִטָּלִין אֶחָד מִשִּׁשִּׁים. תְּרוּמַת גִּדּוּלֵי תְּרוּמָה וְעֵרוּבֵי תְּרוּמָה וּתְרוּמָה טְמֵאָה שֶׁהָיְתָה הַטֻּמְאָה בְּאֹנֶס אוֹ בִּשְׁגָגָה וּתְרוּמַת הֶקְדֵּשׁ וּתְרוּמַת חוּצָה לָאָרֶץ וּתְרוּמַת הַקֶּצַח וְהַקְּלִיסִין וְהֶחָרוּבִין וְהַגִּמְזִיּוֹת וְהַתֻּרְמוֹסִין וּשְׂעוֹרִים אֲדוֹמִיּוֹת וְכַיּוֹצֵא בָּהֵן וּפֵרוֹת עָצִיץ שֶׁאֵינוֹ נָקוּב. וְכֵן הָאַפּוֹטְרוֹפְּסִין כְּשֶׁתּוֹרְמִין פֵּרוֹת יְתוֹמִים תּוֹרְמִין אֶחָד מִשִּׁשִּׁים:

**Mishneh Torah, trans. by Eliyahu Touger. Jerusalem, Moznaim Pub. c1986-c2007:**
Idealy, we may separate one sixtieth [of the crop] as *terumah* from species to which the priests do not pay attention, e.g., carobs² 1:3, there are certain species of carobs which are generally not eaten by humans. There is no obligation to separate *terumah* from them according to Scriptural Law. Here we are speaking about carobs from which one is obligated to separate *terumah* according to Scriptural Law. Nevertheless, since they are not considered important by the priests, there is no need to separate more than the minimal amount. and *kilisin* beans.
[Similarly,] we [may separate] one sixtieth [of the crop as *terumah*] in the following situations: *terumah* separated from produce grown from *terumah*,³ is sown, according to Scriptural Law, the produce which grows is ordinary produce and *terumah* and tithes must be separated from it. Nevertheless, our Sages were stringent and declared that the entire crop should be considered as *terumah* and sold to the priests (at a price substantially less than that of ordinary produce). Since the owners are required to consider the entire crop as *terumah*, our Sages did not require them to separate more than a sixtieth to be given as *terumah* (*Tosefta, Terumot*, ch. 5). *terumah* that is mixed [with *tevel*],⁴ is produce from which *terumah* and tithes were not separated. As indicated by Chapter 13, Halachah 1, if there are more than 100 times the amount of *tevel* as *terumah,* it is necessary to remove the amount of *terumah* that became mixed with the *tevel* and then separate the *terumah*. Since the person is already separating the amount of *terumah* from the mixture, our Sages did not require him to separate a large quantity of *terumah* from the *tevel*. As noted in Chapter 13, Halachah 2, more stringent laws apply when *terumah* becomes mixed with less than 100 times the amount of other produce. or impure *terumah* that became impure against one's will or inadvertently,⁵ as is the practice in the present age (Halachah 1)? He explains that in the present age, all *terumah* will become ritually impure. Hence, there is no need to give a significant amount at all. In the time of the Talmud, by contrast, significant amounts of *terumah* that is pure must be separated. If an inconsequential amount of impure *terumah* would be separated, people might refrain from giving an appropriate amount of pure *terumah*. *terumah* taken from consecrated crops,⁶ became incumbent upon them), but from which *terumah* was not actually separated. There is no need to separate *terumah* from crops that grew in a field belonging to the Temple treasury. *terumah* [separated in] the Diaspora, *terumah* from *ketzach, kilisin,* carobs,⁷ 1:3. poor quality wild figs, red barley kernels, and the like,⁸ and produce grown in a flower-pot that does not have a hole.⁹ from such produce is merely Rabbinic in origin. Hence it is sufficient to separate one-sixtieth as an initial measure.
Similarly, when guardians separate [*terumah*] from the produce of orphans, they should separate one sixtieth.¹⁰

footnotes:
² As stated in Hilchot Ma'aser Sheni
³ As explained in Chapter 11, Halachot 21 and 27, when produce that is terumah
⁴ Tevel
⁵ The Radbaz questions: Why is it not sufficient to separate the slightest amount as terumah
⁶ I.e., crops that were consecrated after the work involving their harvest was completed (at which time the obligation to separate terumah
⁷ Note, however, Hilchot Ma'aser Sheni
⁸ I.e., all of these species are types of produce that are not usually considered valuable.
⁹ This leniency is granted for the obligation to separate terumah
¹⁰ Because special consideration is given to the orphans' property.


###### Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:4
[Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishneh%20Torah%2C%20Heave%20Offerings/r/3:4)

אֵין תּוֹרְמִין תְּרוּמָה זוֹ לֹא בְּמִדָּה וְלֹא בְּמִשְׁקָל וְלֹא בְּמִנְיָן לְפִי שֶׁלֹּא נֶאֱמַר בָּהּ שִׁעוּר אֶלָּא אֹמֶד וּמַפְרִישׁ בְּדַעְתּוֹ כְּמוֹ אֶחָד (מִשִּׁשִּׁים) [מֵחֲמִשִּׁים]. אֲבָל תּוֹרֵם הוּא אֶת הַמָּדוּד וְאֶת הַשָּׁקוּל וְאֶת הַמָּנוּי. וְלֹא יִתְרֹם בְּסַל וּבְקֻפָּה שֶׁמִּדָּתָן יְדוּעָה. אֲבָל תּוֹרֵם הוּא בָּהֶן חֶצְיָן אוֹ שְׁלִישָׁן. וְלֹא יִתְרֹם בִּסְאָה חֶצְיָהּ שֶׁהַחֶצְיָהּ מִדָּה:

**Mishneh Torah, trans. by Eliyahu Touger. Jerusalem, Moznaim Pub. c1986-c2007:**
One should not¹¹ 1:7), Rambam states that separating *terumah* in this manner is "forbidden." The commentaries question whether his use of different wording in this halachah indicates a change of position or not. separate this *terumah* with a measure, a scale, or by number, because [the Torah] did not specify a measure for this [allocation]. Instead, one makes an estimation and separates one fiftieth¹². The standard printed text reads "one sixtieth." according to his conception.¹³ 1:7) derives this from Numbers 18:27: "And your *terumah* will be considered for you...." *Venechshav* translated as "considered" shares the root *chashav* meaning "thought" or "estimate." Implied is that *terumah* should be given by estimation. Although this verse is speaking about *terumat ma'aser* which must be separated by exact measure (see Halachah 10), we follow the principle (see Rashi, *Pesachim* 24a): If a concept explicitly stated with regard to *terumat ma'aser* cannot be applied to it, we assume that it is referring to the great *terumah* [the Rambam's Commentary to the Mishnah (*loc. cit.*)]. One may, however, separate *terumah* from [produce that is] measured, weighed, or counted.¹⁴ by estimation (*ibid.*). He should not separate *terumah* using a basket or a container whose measure is known.¹⁵ He may, however, separate *terumah* by [filling] half or a third of their measure. One should not separate *terumah* [by using] half [a measure of] a *se'ah*, because its half is also a measure.

footnotes:
¹¹ In his Commentary to the Mishnah (Terumot
¹² This is the average measure. Our translation follows authoritative manuscripts of the Mishneh Torah
¹³ The Jerusalem Talmud (Terumah
¹⁴ I.e., one measures the produce and then separates terumah
¹⁵ For that is obviously equivalent to separating with a measure.


###### Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:5
[Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishneh%20Torah%2C%20Heave%20Offerings/r/3:5)

הַמַּרְבֶּה בִּתְרוּמָה הוֹאִיל וְשִׁיֵּר מִקְצָת חֻלִּין הֲרֵי זוֹ תְּרוּמָה. אֲבָל אִם אָמַר כָּל הַפֵּרוֹת הָאֵלּוּ תְּרוּמָה לֹא אָמַר כְּלוּם. הַמִּתְכַּוֵּן לִתְרֹם אֶחָד מֵעֲשָׂרָה וְעָלְתָה בְּיָדוֹ אֶחָד מִשִּׁשִּׁים תְּרוּמָתוֹ תְּרוּמָה. נִתְכַּוֵּן לִתְרֹם אֶחָד מִשִּׁשִּׁים וְעָלְתָה בְּיָדוֹ אֶחָד מֵחֲמִשִּׁים אֵינוֹ תְּרוּמָה:

**Mishneh Torah, trans. by Eliyahu Touger. Jerusalem, Moznaim Pub. c1986-c2007:**
When a person separates a large measure of *terumah*,¹⁶ as long as he leaves a certain portion as ordinary produce,¹⁷. [the separated portion] is *terumah*. If, however, he said: "All of this produce is *terumah*," his statements are of no consequence.¹⁸ 4:5, based on the Jerusalem Talmud)].
If a person intended to separate one tenth [of his crop] as *terumah*, but it happened that he actually set aside one sixtieth, [the separated portion] is *terumah*.¹⁹ (*Kessef Mishneh*). And when giving *terumah*, one's deed must be aligned - at least partially - with his intent. Since the *terumah* is acceptable, there is no need for the person to supplement the amount separated and give the amount he originally intended (Radbaz). If, however, he intended to give the sixtieth as *terumah*, but it happened that he actually set aside one fiftieth, [the separated portion] is not *terumah*.²⁰ (*ibid.*).

footnotes:
¹⁶ I.e., a measure above that stated by the Sages.
¹⁷ I.e., he did not designate the entire crop as terumah
¹⁸ For Numbers 15:21 speaks of giving "from the first of your kneading." Implied is that one must give "from the first," but not all the first [the Rambam's Commentary to the Mishnah (Terumot
¹⁹ For he had intended to give this amount of produce - and more - as terumah
²⁰ For he had not intended to give this amount as terumah


###### Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:6
[Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishneh%20Torah%2C%20Heave%20Offerings/r/3:6)

הַמַּפְרִישׁ תְּרוּמָה וְעָלְתָה בְּיָדוֹ אֲפִלּוּ אֶחָד מֵעֶשְׂרִים תְּרוּמָתוֹ תְּרוּמָה. תָּרַם וְעָלְתָה בְּיָדוֹ אֶחָד מִשִּׁשִּׁים וְחָזַר וְהוֹסִיף לְשֵׁם תְּרוּמָה אוֹתָהּ הַתּוֹסֶפֶת חַיֶּבֶת בְּמַעַשְׂרוֹת וּמַפְרִישׁ מִמֶּנָּה הַכֹּהֵן הַמַּעַשְׂרוֹת וְאַחַר כָּךְ יֹאכְלֶנָּה. תָּרַם וְעָלְתָה בְּיָדוֹ אֶחָד מִשִּׁשִּׁים וְאֶחָד הֲרֵי זוֹ תְּרוּמָה וְיַחֲזֹר וְיִתְרֹם פַּעַם שְׁנִיָּה כְּדֵי לְהַשְׁלִים הַשִּׁעוּר שֶׁבְּדַעְתּוֹ. וְהַתּוֹסֶפֶת הַזֹּאת יֵשׁ לוֹ לְהַפְרִישָׁהּ בְּמִדָּה אוֹ בְּמִשְׁקָל אוֹ בְּמִנְיָן אֲבָל לֹא יַפְרִישֶׁנָּה אֶלָּא מִן הַמֻּקָּף כָּרִאשׁוֹנָה:

**Mishneh Torah, trans. by Eliyahu Touger. Jerusalem, Moznaim Pub. c1986-c2007:**
When a person sets aside *terumah* and it happened that he gave one twentieth [of his crop],²¹ [the separated portion] is *terumah*.²² does not disqualify his gift. If he set aside *terumah* and it happened that he gave one sixtieth [of his crop] and hence, he added more produce for the sake of *terumah*,²³ the tithes must be separated from that additional amount.²⁴, since the portion he separated originally fulfilled his obligation, it immediately became necessary to separate tithes from the remainder of the produce. The priest must separate them and only then may he partake of it.²⁵.
If a person set aside *terumah*²⁶ and it happened that he gave one sixty-first [of his crop], [the separated portion] is *terumah*, but he must set aside a second portion to complete the measure that he originally intended to give. This additional measure may be set aside with a measure, a scale, or by number.²⁷ as stated in Halachah 4, in this instance, he is required to give a measured amount so that he will give the amount that he originally intended. He should set aside [the *terumah*] only from the produce that is encompassed [in the same area] as is true with regard to the initial separation [of *terumah*].²⁸

footnotes:
²¹ I.e., without either desiring to give this amount or having a desire to give a lesser amount. Note the gloss of the Radbaz who suggests that there is a printing error in the text.
²² The fact that he gave a larger measure than usual as terumah
²³ So that he would not be giving a parsimonious measure.
²⁴ Although normally, there is no obligation to separate tithes from terumah
²⁵ He must observe all the obligations required when partaking of terumah
²⁶ With the intent of giving the measure required by our Sages.
²⁷ Although initially, one should not give a measured amount of terumah
²⁸ As is required by Halachah 17, as an initial and preferable measure.


###### Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:7
[Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishneh%20Torah%2C%20Heave%20Offerings/r/3:7)

הַמַּפְרִישׁ מִקְצָת הַתְּרוּמָה אוֹתוֹ הַמִּקְצָת אֵינוֹ תְּרוּמָה וַהֲרֵי הוּא כְּחוֹלֵק הַכְּרִי. וְאַף עַל פִּי כֵן צָרִיךְ לְהַפְרִישׁ תְּרוּמַת אוֹתוֹ מִקְצָת מִמֶּנּוּ. וְלֹא יַפְרִישׁ עָלָיו מִפֵּרוֹת אֲחֵרוֹת:

**Mishneh Torah, trans. by Eliyahu Touger. Jerusalem, Moznaim Pub. c1986-c2007:**
When a person separates a portion of the *terumah* [that he originally intended to separate], that portion does not have the status of *terumah*.²⁹. Nevertheless, the *terumah* from that portion³⁰ and *terumah* must be separated from it. Since it was set aside as a separate portion, the *terumah* should be separated from it and not from other produce. See the Rambam's Commentary to the Mishnah (*Terumot* 4:1).
The Ra'avad differs with the Rambam's interpretation of that mishnah and maintains that the separated produce is in fact *terumah*. The *Kessef Mishneh* justifies the Rambam's interpretation. should be separated from it and not from other produce.

footnotes:
²⁹ In contrast to the situation described in the previous halachah, in this instance, the person originally intended to separate more. Hence, what he separated is not considered as terumah
³⁰ Since the separation was not effective, that portion is considered as tevel


###### Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:8
[Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishneh%20Torah%2C%20Heave%20Offerings/r/3:8)

הַמַּפְרִישׁ מִקְצָת תְּרוּמָה מִכְּרִי זֶה וּמִקְצָת תְּרוּמָה מִכְּרִי אַחֵר מִמִּינוֹ. הֲרֵי זֶה לֹא יִתְרֹם מִזֶּה עַל זֶה. האוֹמֵר תְּרוּמַת הַכְּרִי זֶה לְתוֹכוֹ אִם אָמַר בִּצְפוֹנוֹ אוֹ בִּדְרוֹמוֹ קָרָא שֵׁם וְחַיָּב לְהַפְרִישׁ מִמֶּנּוּ תְּרוּמָתוֹ וְאִם לֹא צִיֵּן בְּמָקוֹם לֹא אָמַר כְּלוּם:

**Mishneh Torah, trans. by Eliyahu Touger. Jerusalem, Moznaim Pub. c1986-c2007:**
When a person separates a portion of *terumah* from one grain heap and a portion of *terumah* from a second grain heap of the same species, he should not separate *terumah* from one grain heap for the other.³¹ from the grain for which it is being separated and not from other grain.
[The following rules apply when a person] says: "The *terumah* for this grain heap is in its midst." If he specified a place - on the north side or the south - he has designated *terumah* and is obligated to separate *terumah* from that [portion of the grain heap]. If he did not specify a place, his statements are of no consequence.³² from other produce. The rationale is that *terumah* is called "the first." Implied is that it must be set aside from produce that is not "first" and in this instance, that has not been done (*Siftei Cohen* 331:45).

footnotes:
³¹ For as mentioned above and in Halachah 17, preferably, one should separate terumah
³² And he may separate terumah


###### Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:9
[Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishneh%20Torah%2C%20Heave%20Offerings/r/3:9)

אָמַר תְּרוּמַת הַכְּרִי זֶה וְהַכְּרִי הַזֶּה כָּזֶה מָקוֹם שֶׁנִּסְתַּיְּמָה תְּרוּמָתוֹ שֶׁל רִאשׁוֹן שָׁם נִסְתַיְּמָה תְּרוּמָתוֹ שֶׁל שֵׁנִי:

**Mishneh Torah, trans. by Eliyahu Touger. Jerusalem, Moznaim Pub. c1986-c2007:**
If [a person separating *terumah*] said: "The *terumah* for this grain heap is this³³. and the *terumah* for this grain heap is like that one,"³⁴ for the second grain heap should be separated in a way entirely parallel to the separation from the first. It should be taken from an equivalent place and have the measure. Our translation is based on the version of the *Mishneh Torah* possessed by the Radbaz and the *Kessef Mishneh* and their interpretations of that text. There are other slightly different versions of the text. at the place where the *terumah* for the first grain heap ended, the *terumah* for the second grain heap also ended.

footnotes:
³³ I.e., he designated a certain portion of the first grain heap as terumah
³⁴ I.e., the terumah


###### Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:10
[Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishneh%20Torah%2C%20Heave%20Offerings/r/3:10)

תְּרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר אֵין מַפְרִישִׁין אוֹתָהּ בְּאֹמֶד. אֶלָּא מְדַקְדֵּק בְּשִׁעוּרָהּ וַאֲפִלּוּ בַּזְּמַן הַזֶּה. שֶׁהֲרֵי שִׁעוּרָהּ מְפֹרָשׁ בַּתּוֹרָה:

**Mishneh Torah, trans. by Eliyahu Touger. Jerusalem, Moznaim Pub. c1986-c2007:**
*Terumat Ma'aser*³⁵. may not be separated by estimation.³⁶," as mentioned in Halachah 4.
As stated in the notes to that halachah, a verse ostensibly referring to *terumat ma'aser* (Numbers 18:27 states: "And your *terumah* will be considered for you...." *Venechshav* translated as "considered" shares the root *chashav* meaning "thought" or "estimate." Implied is that *terumah* should be given by estimation. Nevertheless, according to the Jerusalem Talmud (*Terumah* 1:7), that verse refers to the great *terumah* and not to *terumat ma'aser* (Radbaz). [Instead,] one must be precise in its measure, even in the present age,³⁷ because its measure is explicitly stated in the Torah.

footnotes:
³⁵ As stated in Halachah 12, after a tenth of the produce is given to the Levites, they must separate a tenth of that tenth and give it to the priests as terumat ma'aser
³⁶ I.e., in contrast to "the great terumah
³⁷ When it will be destroyed because of impurity.


###### Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:11
[Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishneh%20Torah%2C%20Heave%20Offerings/r/3:11)

דָּבָר שֶׁדַּרְכּוֹ לִמְדֹּד מוֹדֵד. וְדָבָר הַנִּשְׁקָל שׁוֹקֵל. דָּבָר שֶׁאֶפְשָׁר לִמְנוֹתוֹ מוֹנֶה. הָיָה אֶפְשָׁר לִמְנוֹתוֹ וּלְשָׁקְלוֹ וּלְמָדְדוֹ הַמּוֹנֶה מְשֻׁבָּח וְהַמּוֹדֵד מְשֻׁבָּח מִמֶּנּוּ וְהַשּׁוֹקֵל מְשֻׁבָּח מִשְּׁנֵיהֶן:

**Mishneh Torah, trans. by Eliyahu Touger. Jerusalem, Moznaim Pub. c1986-c2007:**
[Produce] that is usually measured in volume, should be measured in volume. [Produce] that is weighed should be weighed and if it can [easily] be counted, it should be counted. If it could [easily] be counted, weighed, or measured in volume, it is praiseworthy to count it,³⁸ after counting it is praiseworthy [the Rambam's Commentary to the Mishnah (*Terumot* 4:6)]. more praiseworthy to measure its volume, and most praiseworthy to weigh it.³⁹

footnotes:
³⁸ I.e., separating the terumat ma'aser
³⁹ For in this way, the measurement is most precise.


###### Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:12
[Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishneh%20Torah%2C%20Heave%20Offerings/r/3:12)

מִצְוַת תְּרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר שֶׁיַּפְרִישׁ אוֹתָן בֶּן לֵוִי מִמַּעַשְׂרוֹ. שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (במדבר יח כו) "וְכִי תִקְחוּ מֵאֵת בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל אֶת הַמַּעֲשֵׂר". וְיֵשׁ לְיִשְׂרָאֵל לְהַפְרִישׁ אוֹתָהּ וְלִתְּנָהּ לַכֹּהֵן. וְיִתֵּן הַמַּעֲשֵׂר לַלֵּוִי אַחַר שֶׁיַּפְרִישׁ מִמֶּנּוּ תְּרוּמָתוֹ שֶׁהִיא מַעֲשֵׂר מִן הַמַּעֲשֵׂר:

**Mishneh Torah, trans. by Eliyahu Touger. Jerusalem, Moznaim Pub. c1986-c2007:**
The mitzvah [to separate] *terumat ma'aser* is for a Levite to separate it from the tithe [given] him, as [Numbers 18:26] states: "When you take the tithe from the children of Israel...."⁴⁰ (positive commandment 129) and *Sefer HaChinuch* (mitzvah 396) include this commandment among the 613 mitzvot of the Torah. An Israelite may separate *terumat ma'aser* and give it to a priest⁴¹. Nevertheless, if the Israelite desires to fulfill this mitzvah, he has the option. It is not considered as if he is usurping the Levite's right.
The Radbaz notes that the source for this concept (*Gittin* 30b) also implies that *terumat ma'aser* can be separated by estimation and finds it somewhat problematic to derive one concept from that source, but not the second. Nevertheless, he concludes that this is in fact the Talmud's conclusion. and then give the tithes to a Levite after separating the *terumat [ma'aser]* from it, i.e., a tenth of a tenth.

footnotes:
⁴⁰ Sefer HaMitzvot
⁴¹ I.e., the Torah's requirement is for the Israelite to give the tithes to the Levite and for the Levite to separate one tenth of the tithes as terumat ma'aser


###### Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:13
[Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:13](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishneh%20Torah%2C%20Heave%20Offerings/r/3:13)

יִשְׂרָאֵל שֶׁהִפְרִישׁ מַעֲשֵׂר רִאשׁוֹן כְּשֶׁהוּא שִׁבֳּלִים קֹדֶם שֶׁיָּדוּשׁ וְיַפְרִישׁ תְּרוּמָה גְּדוֹלָה וּנְתָנוֹ לְלֵוִי. אֵין הַלֵּוִי חַיָּב לְהַפְרִישׁ מִמֶּנּוּ תְּרוּמָה גְּדוֹלָה אַחַר שֶׁיְּדוּשֶׁנּוּ אֶלָּא תְּרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר בִּלְבַד. אֲבָל אִם דַּשׁ יִשְׂרָאֵל וְהִפְרִישׁ הַמַּעֲשֵׂר מִן הַדָּגָן קֹדֶם שֶׁיַּפְרִישׁ תְּרוּמָה גְּדוֹלָה [וּנְתָנוֹ לְלֵוִי חַיָּב הַלֵּוִי לְהַפְרִישׁ מִמֶּנּוּ תְּרוּמָה גְּדוֹלָה] וּתְרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר מֵאַחַר שֶׁנַּעֲשָׂה דָּגָן נִתְחַיֵּב בִּתְרוּמָה שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (דברים יח ד) "רֵאשִׁית דְּגָנְךָ":

**Mishneh Torah, trans. by Eliyahu Touger. Jerusalem, Moznaim Pub. c1986-c2007:**
When an Israelite separates the first tithe while the crop is still stalks [of grain] and gives it to the Levite before it was threshed and before he separated the great *terumah*, the Levite is not required to separate the great *terumah* from it after he threshes it, only *terumat ma'aser*.⁴² 47a derives this concept from the exegesis of Numbers 18:26 which speaks of taking "a tenth from the tithe." Implied is that only a tenth is separated from the tithe and nothing more.
If, however, the Israelite threshed [the crop]⁴³ and separated a tithe of the grain and gave it to the Levite before he separated the great *terumah*, the Levite is obligated to separate the great *terumah* and *terumat ma'aser*, since [the crop] has already been [separated into kernels of] grain, the obligation [to separate] *terumah* has fallen upon it, as [implied by the phrase]: "The first of your grain."⁴⁴ takes effect. Hence, the Levite must separate *terumah* from the tithe as well as *terumat ma'aser*.

footnotes:
⁴² Berachot
⁴³ And completed all the other tasks to make it obligated for tithing.
⁴⁴ I.e., once produce has been reduced to kernels of grain, the obligation to separate terumah


###### Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:14
[Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:14](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishneh%20Torah%2C%20Heave%20Offerings/r/3:14)

בֶּן לֵוִי שֶׁלָּקַח מַעֲשַׂר שִׁבֳּלִים לֹא יִתֵּן תְּרוּמָתוֹ לַכֹּהֵן שִׁבֳּלִים אֶלָּא קוֹנְסִין אוֹתוֹ לָדוּשׁ וְלִזְרוֹת וְלִתֵּן לוֹ מַעֲשֵׂר מִן הַמַּעֲשֵׂר מִן הַדָּגָן. וְאֵינוֹ חַיָּב לִתֵּן לוֹ מַעֲשֵׂר מִן הַתֶּבֶן אוֹ הָעֵצָה. וְאִם הִפְרִישׁ תְּרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר שִׁבֳּלִים כְּמוֹ שֶׁנָּתְנוּ לוֹ הֲרֵי זֶה כּוֹתֵשׁ וְנוֹתֵן לַכֹּהֵן אֶת הַזֶּרַע וְאֶת הַתֶּבֶן. וּמִפְּנֵי מָה קְנָסוּהוּ לִכְתּשׁ מִפְּנֵי שֶׁלָּקַח הַמַּעֲשֵׂר שִׁבֳּלִים וְהִפְקִיעַ מִמֶּנּוּ תְּרוּמָה גְּדוֹלָה:

**Mishneh Torah, trans. by Eliyahu Touger. Jerusalem, Moznaim Pub. c1986-c2007:**
When a Levite took grain while it was in stalks, he should not give the *terumah* to the priest in stalks. Instead, we penalize him [and require him] to thresh [the crop], winnow it, and give the priest a tenth of a tenth of the kernels of the grain.⁴⁵ He is not required to give him a tenth of the straw or the chaff.⁴⁶ If he set aside *terumat ma'aser* while the crop was in stalks as it was given to him, he must crush it and give the priest the kernels and the straw.⁴⁷ while it was in its stalks. That sacred designation does not depart from the chaff when the kernels are separated from it.
Why did they penalize him and make him crush it? Because he accepted the tithe while it was in the stalks and thus precluded the separation of the great *terumah*.

footnotes:
⁴⁵ I.e., he is penalized by being required to perform the work necessary to process the stalks of grain until they are reduced to kernels.
⁴⁶ For the obligation to tithe is incumbent only on the food and not on the other parts of the plant.
⁴⁷ He is required to perform the tasks necessary to process the grain for the reasons mentioned above. Nevertheless, he must give the priest the chaff because he designated it as terumah


###### Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:15
[Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:15](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishneh%20Torah%2C%20Heave%20Offerings/r/3:15)

בֶּן יִשְׂרָאֵל שֶׁאָמַר לְלֵוִי כָּךְ אָמַר לִי אַבָּא מַעֲשֵׂר לְךָ בְּיָדִי אֵין חוֹשְׁשִׁין לִתְרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר שֶׁבּוֹ. שֶׁהֲרֵי אָבִיו הִפְרִישׁ תְּרוּמָתוֹ וּלְפִיכָךְ צִוָּהוּ שֶׁזֶּה הַמַּעֲשֵׂר לִפְלוֹנִי הַלֵּוִי. וְאִם אָמַר לוֹ כָּךְ אָמַר לִי אַבָּא כּוֹר מַעֲשֵׂר יֵשׁ לְךָ בְּיָדִי חוֹשְׁשִׁין לִתְרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר שֶׁבּוֹ:

**Mishneh Torah, trans. by Eliyahu Touger. Jerusalem, Moznaim Pub. c1986-c2007:**
When an Israelite tells a Levite: "My father told me: 'I have *ma'aser* for you in my possession,' we are not concerned about [the possibility of] it containing *terumat ma'aser*. [We are confident] that his father separated the *terumat ma'aser*. Therefore he commanded him that the [entire] tithe should be given to the Levite.⁴⁸.
If [the Israelite] told [the Levite]: "My father told me: 'I have a *kor*⁴⁹ required for this measure.
The Ra'avad challenges the Rambam's ruling, noting that it is the opposite of the standard text of the Talmud (*Gittin* 30b). The Radbaz and the *Kessef Mishneh* state that the version of the Talmud possessed by the Rambam differed from the standard version and indeed, possesses an advantage over it. of *ma'aser* for you in my possession,' we are concerned about [the possibility of] it containing *terumat ma'aser*.

footnotes:
⁴⁸ I.e., his statements indicate that his father desired that the entire tithe be given to the Levite. Hence, we assume that he already separated the terumat ma'aser
⁴⁹ The mention of a measure indicates that he expects the Levite to separate the terumat ma'aser


###### Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:16
[Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:16](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishneh%20Torah%2C%20Heave%20Offerings/r/3:16)

תְּרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר שֶׁהָיָה בָּהּ אֶחָד מִשְּׁמוֹנָה בִּשְׁמִינִית מוֹלִיכָהּ לַכֹּהֵן. פָּחוֹת מִכֵּן אֵינוֹ מְטַפֵּל לְהוֹלִיכָהּ אֶלָּא מַשְׁלִיכָהּ בָּאוּר וְשׂוֹרְפָהּ. וּבְיַיִן וּבְשֶׁמֶן אֲפִלּוּ כָּל שֶׁהוּא מוֹלִיכָהּ לַכֹּהֵן. וּבִלְבַד שֶׁתְּהֵא תְּרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר וַדָּאִית וּטְהוֹרָה. אֲבָל אִם הָיְתָה טְמֵאָה אוֹ שֶׁהָיְתָה שֶׁל דְּמַאי אִם אֵין בָּהּ כַּשִּׁעוּר אֵינוֹ מְטַפֵּל בָּהּ אֶלָּא שׂוֹרְפָהּ:

**Mishneh Torah, trans. by Eliyahu Touger. Jerusalem, Moznaim Pub. c1986-c2007:**
*Terumat ma'aser* that is an eighth of an eighth [of a *log*]⁵⁰, is slightly less than 5 cc. according to *Shiurei Torah* and approximately 9.5 cc. according to *Chazon Ish*. should be brought to a priest. For less than that, [we do not trouble him] to bring it to a priest.⁵¹ 11:4), the Ra'avad questions the Rambam's ruling, maintaining that even the slightest amount of pure grain should also be brought to a priest if there was a definite obligation to tithe. The Radbaz and the *Kessef Mishneh* acknowledge the validity of Ra'avad's questions, but offer possible resolutions for the Rambam's approach. Instead, he may throw it into the fire and burn it.⁵² With regard to wine and oil, by contrast, even the smallest amount [of *terumat ma'aser*] should be brought to a priest⁵³ provided it is definitely *terumat ma'aser* and ritually pure.⁵⁴ If it was ritually impure or if it was *demai*,⁵⁵ if it does not contain [the above] measure, he is not required to trouble himself with it. Instead, he should burn it.

footnotes:
⁵⁰ This measure, a kortov
⁵¹ Because such a small amount is of little value.On the basis of the Jerusalem Talmud (Terumot
⁵² He must, however, separate it. Otherwise, it is forbidden to benefit from the tithes.
⁵³ For even a small amount of these substances is of value for a priest (Radbaz).
⁵⁴ If it was not ritually pure, it would be of little benefit to the priest, for he could use it only as fuel. Hence we do not require that it be brought to him.
⁵⁵ Produce from which we are uncertain whether the tithes had been separated and hence, require that the tithes be separated again. Since the tithes are being separated merely as a safeguard and thus it is possible that there is no Scriptural obligation from this crop, we do not trouble him to bring a priest a very small amount.


###### Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:17
[Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:17](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishneh%20Torah%2C%20Heave%20Offerings/r/3:17)

אֵין תּוֹרְמִין תְּרוּמָה גְּדוֹלָה אֶלָּא מִן הַמֻּקָּף. כֵּיצַד. הָיוּ לוֹ חֲמִשִּׁים סְאָה בְּבַיִת זֶה וַחֲמִשִּׁים סְאָה בְּבַיִת אַחֵר לֹא יַפְרִישׁ מֵאֶחָד מֵהֶן שְׁתֵּי סְאִים עַל הַמֵּאָה. שֶׁנִּמְצָא מַפְרִישׁ מִמָּקוֹם זֶה עַל מָקוֹם אַחֵר. וְאִם הִפְרִישׁ שֶׁלֹּא מִן הַמֻּקָּף תְּרוּמָתוֹ תְּרוּמָה וְהוּא שֶׁיִּהְיֶה הַמֻּפְרָשׁ שָׁמוּר אֲבָל אִם הָיָה טָעוּן כַּדֵּי יַיִן אוֹ שֶׁמֶן וְרָאָה שֶׁמִּשְׁתַּבְּרִין וְאָמַר הֲרֵי הֵן תְּרוּמָה עַל פֵּרוֹת שֶׁבְּבֵיתִי לֹא אָמַר כְּלוּם:

**Mishneh Torah, trans. by Eliyahu Touger. Jerusalem, Moznaim Pub. c1986-c2007:**
We should separate the great *terumah* only from [produce] in the same location.⁵⁶ 1:9). Note the contrast to *terumat ma'aser* as stated in Halachah 20. What is implied? A person had 50 *se'ah* in one room⁵⁷ based on the gloss of the *Kessef Mishneh* to Halachah 18 where he explains that when one grain heap is in a room and another in the loft of the same building, they are considered as being in the same place. This interpretation enables us to understand an otherwise difficult passage in the *Tosefta, Terumot* 3:9. and 50 *se'ah* in another,⁵⁸ he should not separate two *se'ah* from one room for the entire 100 *se'ah*, for he would be separating produce from one location for produce from another.
[After the fact,] if one separated *terumah* from one location for produce in another, the separation is effective,⁵⁹ 331:49 explains the rationale for the above restriction and why it is not binding after the fact. As mentioned above, according to Rabbinic Law, one must separate between one fortieth and one sixtieth of the crop as *terumah* and that separation must be made by estimation. Hence, in order to make an appropriate estimation, one must be in the same place as the produce. Nevertheless, since according to Scriptural Law, one fulfills his obligation with even one grain, after the fact, such a separation is not disqualified. 
 provided the produce separated [as *terumah*] is protected. If, however, a person possessed jugs of oil and/or wine and saw that they were breaking, should he say: "These are *terumah* for the produce in my home,"⁶⁰ his words are of no consequence.⁶¹ (*Yoreh De'ah* 331:25) states that in the present age, when *terumah* is destroyed regardless because of its impurity, even when the jugs are breaking, the separation is effective.

footnotes:
⁵⁶ Our translation is taken from the Rambam's Commentary to the Mishnah (Challah
⁵⁷ We have chosen this translation for bayit
⁵⁸ Everything that is in the same room is considered as being in the same location even if the two piles of produce are not touching each other (Radbaz; see the following halachah).
⁵⁹ The Siftei Cohen
⁶⁰ And thus try to receive something of value for the wine and/or oil that will be spilled.
⁶¹ Since the jugs are breaking, we considered them as having been broken already and the produce as having been spilled. When quoting this law, the Shulchan Aruch


###### Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:18
[Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:18](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishneh%20Torah%2C%20Heave%20Offerings/r/3:18)

פֵּרוֹת הַמְפֻזָּרִין בְּתוֹךְ הַבַּיִת אוֹ שְׁתֵּי מְגוּרוֹת שֶׁבְּבַיִת אֶחָד תּוֹרֵם מֵאֶחָד עַל הַכּל. שַׂקֵּי תְּבוּאָה וְעִגּוּלֵי דְּבֵלָה וְחָבִיּוֹת שֶׁל גְּרוֹגָרוֹת אִם הָיוּ בַּהֲקֵיפָה אַחַת תּוֹרֵם מֵאַחַת עַל הַכּל. חָבִיּוֹת שֶׁל יַיִן עַד שֶׁלֹּא סָתַם אֶת פִּיהֶן תּוֹרֵם מֵאֶחָד עַל הַכּל. מִשֶּׁסָּתַם תּוֹרֵם מִכָּל אַחַת וְאַחַת:

**Mishneh Torah, trans. by Eliyahu Touger. Jerusalem, Moznaim Pub. c1986-c2007:**
When produce is scattered in a room or there are two granaries in the same room,⁶² 1:9). Note the contrast to *terumat ma'aser* as stated in Halachah 20. one may separate *terumah* from one for the entire amount.⁶³ When sacks of grain, spheres of dried figs, or jugs of figs are in the same place, one may separate from one for the entire amount. With regard to jugs of wine, until one has sealed their lids closed, he may separate *terumah* from one for the entire amount.⁶⁴ 3:12)]. After they have been sealed, he must separate *terumah* from each one individually.⁶⁵

footnotes:
⁶² Our translation is taken from the Rambam's Commentary to the Mishnah (Challah
⁶³ Since they are in the same room, they are considered as being in the same place.
⁶⁴ It is considered as if they were all mixed together [see the Rambam's Commentary to the Mishnah (Ma'aser Sheni
⁶⁵ Each closed jug is considered as a separate entity, even though they are all in the same room.


###### Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:19
[Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:19](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishneh%20Torah%2C%20Heave%20Offerings/r/3:19)

הָיָה מְלַקֵּט גַּפֵּי יָרָק וּמַנִּיחַ בַּגִּנָּה תּוֹרֵם מֵאֶחָד עַל הַכּל. הֵבִיא מִין אֶחָד בֵּינֵיהֶן תּוֹרֵם מִכָּל אֶחָד וְאֶחָד. הֵבִיא מִינִין הַרְבֵּה בַּקֻּפָּה כְּרוּב מִלְּמַעְלָה וּכְרוּב מִלְּמַטָּה וּמִין אַחֵר בָּאֶמְצַע לֹא יִתְרֹם מִן הָעֶלְיוֹן עַל הַתַּחְתּוֹן. וְאִם הִקִּיף חֲמִשָּׁה צִבּוּרִים בְּגֹרֶן תּוֹרֵם מֵאֶחָד עַל הַכּל בִּזְמַן שֶׁעִקַּר הַגֹּרֶן קַיָּם. אֵין עִקַּר הַגֹּרֶן קַיָּם תּוֹרֵם מִכָּל אֶחָד וְאֶחָד:

**Mishneh Torah, trans. by Eliyahu Touger. Jerusalem, Moznaim Pub. c1986-c2007:**
When a person was gathering bunches of vegetables and leaving them in [his] garden, he may separate *terumah* from one for the entire amount.⁶⁶ If he brings another type of produce between them, he must separate *terumah* from each one individually. If he brought several species together in a container, e.g., cabbage on top, cabbage on bottom, and another species in between, he should not separate *terumah* from the top head for the bottom head.⁶⁷
If he collected five piles in one granary, he may separate *terumah* from one for the entire amount⁶⁸ provided the fundamental collection is intact.⁶⁹ If the fundamental collection is not intact, he must separate *terumah* from each one individually.

footnotes:
⁶⁶ For the entire garden is considered as a single entity.
⁶⁷ Since there are other species between them, they are not considered as of the same group.
⁶⁸ The fact that they are in the same granary causes them to be considered as a single entity.
⁶⁹ I.e., provided he has not begun removing produce from the granary.


###### Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:20
[Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:20](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishneh%20Torah%2C%20Heave%20Offerings/r/3:20)

תְּרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר מַפְרִישִׁין אוֹתוֹ שֶׁלֹּא מִן הַמֻּקָּף שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (במדבר יח כח כט) "מִכָּל מַעְשְׂרֹתֵיכֶם תָּרִימוּ תְּרוּמָה" אֲפִלּוּ מַעֲשֵׂר אֶחָד בִּמְדִינָה זוֹ וּמַעֲשֵׂר אֶחָד בִּמְדִינָה אַחֶרֶת מַפְרִישׁ תְּרוּמָה מֵאֶחָד עַל הַכּל. וְתַלְמִידֵי חֲכָמִים אֵין תּוֹרְמִין אֶלָּא מִן הַמֻּקָּף וַאֲפִלּוּ תְּרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר:

**Mishneh Torah, trans. by Eliyahu Touger. Jerusalem, Moznaim Pub. c1986-c2007:**
*Terumat ma'aser* may be separated even if [the produce] is not in the same location. [This is implied by Numbers 18:28]: Separate *terumah* "from all of your tithes."⁷⁰ [Implied is that] even if there is one [collection of] tithes in one city and another [collection of] tithes in another city, one may separate *terumat [ma'aser]* once for all of them. Torah scholars separate even *terumat ma'aser* only from [produce] in one location.⁷¹ 331:48 describes this as the most choice way of observing the mitzvah. The Radbaz emphasizes that this is a stringency that Torah scholars have accepted upon themselves and, according to the Rambam, is not even a Rabbinic obligation. The Ra'avad explains that an Israelite need not separate *terumat ma'aser* from produce that is in one place, but a Levite must. The *Kessef Mishneh* does not accept that position and quotes sources in support of the Rambam's view.

footnotes:
⁷⁰ The Rambam is not quoting the verse as it appears in the Torah.
⁷¹ The Siftei Cohen


###### Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:21
[Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:21](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishneh%20Torah%2C%20Heave%20Offerings/r/3:21)

בֶּן לֵוִי שֶׁהָיָה לוֹ מַעֲשֵׂר רִאשׁוֹן שֶׁלֹּא נִטְּלָה מִמֶּנּוּ תְּרוּמָתוֹ וְהִנִּיחוֹ לִהְיוֹת מַפְרִישׁ עָלָיו וְהוֹלֵךְ וְהוּא בְּטִבְלוֹ מַה שֶּׁעָשָׂה עָשׂוּי. שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (במדבר יח כד) "כִּי אֶת מַעְשַׂר בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל אֲשֶׁר יָרִימוּ לַה' תְּרוּמָה" מְלַמֵּד שֶׁהוּא עוֹשֶׂה אֶת כֻּלּוֹ תְּרוּמָה לְאַחֵר:

**Mishneh Torah, trans. by Eliyahu Touger. Jerusalem, Moznaim Pub. c1986-c2007:**
When a Levite possessed [produce from] the first tithe from which *terumat ma'aser* was not separated and he left it so that he could continuously separate *terumat ma'aser* [for other crops] from it while it is still *tevel*, his actions are viable. [This is derived from Numbers 18:24]: "For the tithes of the children of Israel [from] which they will separate *terumah*...." Implied is that [the tithes] can be transformed into *terumat [ma'aser]* in their entirety.


###### Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:22
[Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:22](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishneh%20Torah%2C%20Heave%20Offerings/r/3:22)

הִפְרִישׁ מִמֶּנּוּ תְּרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר תְּחִלָּה וְאַחַר כָּךְ הִנִּיחוֹ לִהְיוֹת מַפְרִישׁ עָלָיו וְהוֹלֵךְ עַד שֶׁיַּעֲשֶׂה כֻּלּוֹ תְּרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר וְיִתְּנוֹ לַכֹּהֵן לֹא עָשָׂה כְּלוּם. שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (במדבר יח כט) "אֶת מִקְדְּשׁוֹ מִמֶּנּוּ" בִּזְמַן שֶׁקָּדָשָׁיו בְּתוֹכוֹ עוֹשֶׂה אוֹתוֹ תְּרוּמָה לַאֲחֵרִים. אֵין קָדָשָׁיו בְּתוֹכוֹ אֵינוֹ עוֹשֶׂה אוֹתוֹ תְּרוּמָה לַאֲחֵרִים. וְכֵן הַמַּנִּיחַ פֵּרוֹת לִהְיוֹת מַפְרִישׁ עֲלֵיהֶם תְּרוּמָה גְּדוֹלָה צָרִיךְ שֶׁיִּהְיוּ טְבוּלִין לִתְרוּמָה. וְאִם הִנִּיחָן לִהְיוֹת מַפְרִישׁ עֲלֵיהֶן מַעֲשֵׂר צָרִיךְ שֶׁיִּהְיוּ טְבוּלִין לְמַעֲשֵׂר:

**Mishneh Torah, trans. by Eliyahu Touger. Jerusalem, Moznaim Pub. c1986-c2007:**
If one separated *terumat ma'aser* first and then left [the produce] so that one could continually separate *terumat ma'aser* for other produce from it until it becomes *terumat ma'aser* in its entirety, at which he would give it to a priest, his actions are of no consequence.⁷² has never been separated for the produce for which he intended that it serve that purpose. [This is derived from *ibid.*:29]: "The sacred portion from it." Implied is that when its sacred portion is in it,⁷³ has not yet been separated. it can be made *terumat [ma'aser]* for other [crops]. If its sacred portion is no longer in it, it cannot be made *terumat [ma'aser]* for other [crops]. Similarly, when a person sets aside crops to separate the great *terumah* from them, they must be *tevel* with regard to *terumah*.⁷⁴ has never been separated from them. See Chapter 5, Halachah 12. If a person sets aside crops to separate the tithes from them, they must be *tevel* with regard to the tithes.⁷⁵ 1:7.

footnotes:
⁷² And it is as if terumat ma'aser
⁷³ I.e., terumat ma'aser
⁷⁴ I.e., terumah
⁷⁵ I.e., the tithes have never been separated from them. See Hilchot Ma'aser


###### Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:23
[Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:23](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishneh%20Torah%2C%20Heave%20Offerings/r/3:23)

כְּשֶׁמַּפְרִישִׁין תְּרוּמָה וּמַעֲשֵׂר מַפְרִישִׁין אוֹתָן עַל הַסֵּדֶר. כֵּיצַד. מַפְרִישׁ בִּכּוּרִים תְּחִלָּה לַכּל. וְאַחַר כָּךְ תְּרוּמָה גְּדוֹלָה. וְאַחַר כָּךְ מַעֲשֵׂר רִאשׁוֹן. וְאַחַר כָּךְ מַעֲשֵׂר שֵׁנִי אוֹ מַעֲשֵׂר עָנִי. וְהַמַּקְדִּים שֵׁנִי לָרִאשׁוֹן. אוֹ מַעֲשֵׂר לִתְרוּמָה. אוֹ תְּרוּמָה לְבִכּוּרִים. אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁעָבַר עַל לֹא תַּעֲשֶׂה מַה שֶּׁעָשָׂה עָשׂוּי. וּמִנַּיִן שֶׁהוּא בְּלֹא תַּעֲשֶׂה שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (שמות כב כח) "מְלֵאָתְךָ וְדִמְעֲךָ לֹא תְאַחֵר". לֹא תְּאַחֵר דָּבָר שֶׁרָאוּי לְהַקְדִּימוֹ. וְאֵין לוֹקִין עַל לָאו זֶה:

**Mishneh Torah, trans. by Eliyahu Touger. Jerusalem, Moznaim Pub. c1986-c2007:**
When *terumah* and the tithes are separated, we separate them in proper sequence.
What is implied? Before everything, one separates *bikkurim*.⁷⁶ Afterwards, [he separates] the great *terumah*, the first tithe, then the second tithe or the tithe for the poor.⁷⁷ If a person separated the second [tithe] before the first, or the tithes before *terumah*, or *terumah* before *bikkurim*, his actions are effective despite the fact that he has transgressed a negative commandment.⁷⁸ (negative commandment 154) and *Sefer HaChinuch* (mitzvah 72) include this commandment among the 613 mitzvot of the Torah.
What is the source which teaches that a negative commandment is involved? [Exodus 22:28] states: "Do not delay your fullness offering or your priestly heave-offering."⁷⁹ for they are separated when the produce becomes full. "Your priestly heave-offering" refers to *terumah*. Thus the *bikkurim* precede *terumah*. See also *Terumot* 3:6-7. [Implied is a command] not to delay [the separation of produce] that should come first. Lashes are not given [as punishment for the violation] of this prohibition.⁸⁰ 4b explains that this prohibition is considered as correctable by the fulfillment of a positive commandment, for one may make separations in the proper order. See the gloss of Radbaz.

footnotes:
⁷⁶ The first fruits.
⁷⁷ I.e., either one or the other. For in the year the second tithe is separated, the tithe for the poor is not separated.
⁷⁸ Sefer HaMitzvot
⁷⁹ "Your fullness offering" refers to bikkurim
⁸⁰ Temurah


###### Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:24
[Mishneh Torah, Heave Offerings 3:24](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishneh%20Torah%2C%20Heave%20Offerings/r/3:24)

הָרוֹצֶה לְהַפְרִישׁ תְּרוּמָה גְּדוֹלָה וּתְרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר כְּאֶחָד מַפְרִישׁ אֶחָד מִשְּׁלֹשִׁים וּשְׁלֹשָׁה וּשְׁלִישׁ. וְאוֹמֵר אֶחָד מִמֵּאָה שֶׁיֵּשׁ כָּאן הֲרֵי הוּא בְּצַד זֶה שֶׁהִפְרַשְׁתִּי וַהֲרֵי הוּא חֻלִּין. וְהַנִּשְׁאָר מִזֶּה שֶׁהִפְרַשְׁתִּי הוּא תְּרוּמָה עַל הַכּל. וְהַמַּעֲשֵׂר שֶׁרָאוּי לִהְיוֹת לְמֵאָה חֻלִּין אֵלּוּ הֲרֵי הוּא בְּצַד זֶה שֶׁהִפְרַשְׁתִּי. וְזֶה הַנִּשְׁאָר יֶתֶר עַל הַתְּרוּמָה מִמַּה שֶּׁהִפְרַשְׁתִּי הֲרֵי הוּא תְּרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר עַל הַכּל:

**Mishneh Torah, trans. by Eliyahu Touger. Jerusalem, Moznaim Pub. c1986-c2007:**
When a person desires to separate the great *terumah* and *terumat ma'aser* at the same time, he should separate 1/33.33 of his crop.⁸¹ is one fifitieth, two hundredths. And *terumat ma'aser* is one tenth of the first tithe, another hundredth. See the Rambam's Commentary to the Mishnah (*Demai* 5:2). He should say: "One hundredth of [the produce] that is here - i.e., on the side of the produce which I set aside - is ordinary produce.⁸². Initially, it is to remain as ordinary produce, so that the prohibition against making the separations in improper sequence is not violated. See Ra'avad. The remainder of what I separated is *terumah* for the entire crop. The tithes which are necessary to be separated for these hundred portions⁸³. of ordinary produce are at the side of [the produce] that I separated. The remainder of what I separated aside from the *terumah* is *terumat ma'aser* on the entire amount."⁸⁴, the tithes, and *terumat ma'aser* in proper sequence.

footnotes:
⁸¹ I.e., three hundredths of his crop. An average donation of terumah
⁸² This refers to the portion that will be separated as terumat ma'aser
⁸³ I.e., including that which was separated as terumah
⁸⁴ In this way, he will have separated terumah