## Mishneh Torah, Tithes Chapter 8

###### Mishneh Torah, Tithes 8:1
[Mishneh Torah, Tithes 8:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishneh%20Torah%2C%20Tithes/r/8:1)

הַפֵּרוֹת שֶׁהוּרַם מֵהֶן תְּרוּמָה גְּדוֹלָה וּתְרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר הֵן הַנִּקְרָאִין חֻלִּין. וְאִם הִפְרִישׁ מֵהֶן שְׁאָר מַעַשְׂרוֹתֵיהֶן הֵן הַנִּקְרָאִין חֻלִּין מְתֻקָּנִין בְּכָל מָקוֹם:

**Mishneh Torah, trans. by Eliyahu Touger. Jerusalem, Moznaim Pub. c1986-c2007:**
Produce from which the great *terumah* and *terumat ma'aser* have been separated are referred to as "ordinary produce."¹ 7:7)]. *Terumat ma'aser* should not be separated before the tithes themselves. Nevertheless, if one made such a separation, it is acceptable (Chapter 9, Halachah 5). When the other tithes have been separated from it, it is universally called "ordinary produce that has been made acceptable."

footnotes:
¹ I.e., because the elements of the produce that are sacred have been removed from it [the Rambam's Commentary to the Mishnah (Demai


###### Mishneh Torah, Tithes 8:2
[Mishneh Torah, Tithes 8:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishneh%20Torah%2C%20Tithes/r/8:2)

טֶבֶל שֶׁנִּתְעָרֵב בְּחֻלִּין מְתֻקָּנִין מִין בְּמִינוֹ שֶׁאִי אֶפְשָׁר לְהַלֵּךְ אַחַר הַטַּעַם. אִם יֵשׁ לוֹ פֵּרוֹת אֲחֵרוֹת מוֹצִיא עַל אוֹתוֹ טֶבֶל תְּרוּמָה וּמַעַשְׂרוֹת לְפִי חֶשְׁבּוֹן. וְאִם אֵין לוֹ פֵּרוֹת אֲחֵרוֹת לְהוֹצִיא עַל אוֹתוֹ טֶבֶל הֲרֵי הַכּל אָסוּר עַד שֶׁיַּפְרִישׁ. וּכְשֶׁהוּא מַפְרִישׁ מַפְסִיד מִן הַחֻלִּין הַמְתֻקָּנִין כְּדֵי תְּרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר שֶׁבַּטֶּבֶל:

**Mishneh Torah, trans. by Eliyahu Touger. Jerusalem, Moznaim Pub. c1986-c2007:**
[The following laws apply when] *tevel*² refers to produce from which the tithes and *terumat ma'aser* have not been separated. Although the term has a more inclusive meaning, from the continuation of the Rambam's words, this appears to be the intent here. becomes mixed together with the same species of ordinary produce that has been made acceptable in which instance, [the *tevel* cannot be considered insignificant] because its flavor [cannot be detected].³ to be of another type of produce than the ordinary produce, the question of whether or not it is considered insignificant would depend on whether its flavor is detectable. In this situation, however, the two collections of produce are of the same species, so taste is not a factor and the *tevel* cannot be considered as insignificant.
When *tevel* is mixed with its own species, it is never nullified even if it is mixed with far more than its own size. The rationale is that it is a *devar sheyeish lo matirin*, i.e., the prohibition can be corrected by making the appropriate separations (*Hilchot Issurei Ma'achalot* 15:6). If he has other produce, he should separate the *terumat [ma'aser]* and the tithes for the *tevel* according to the appropriate reckoning.⁴ If he does not have other produce from which to make the separations for that *tevel*, the entire mixture is forbidden until he makes separations from it. When he makes these separations, he forfeits a portion from the ordinary produce that has been made acceptable that is equivalent to the *terumat ma'aser* that must be separated from the *tevel*.⁵. The Rambam explains what he means by forfeiting this amount and why one must do so in the following halachah.

footnotes:
² In this instance, the term tevel
³ I.e., were the tevel
⁴ I.e., if he knows how much produce was mixed in, he can make the appropriate separations even if the produce itself is not distinct.
⁵ I.e., one hundredth of the tevel


###### Mishneh Torah, Tithes 8:3
[Mishneh Torah, Tithes 8:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishneh%20Torah%2C%20Tithes/r/8:3)

כֵּיצַד. מֵאָה סְאָה שֶׁל טֶבֶל שֶׁנִּתְעָרֵב בְּמֵאָה סְאָה שֶׁל חֻלִּין מְתֻקָּנִין מַפְרִישׁ מִן הַכּל אֶחָד וּמֵאָה. וְכָל שֶׁהִפְרִישׁ טֶבֶל וְיִשָּׁאֵר צ"ט חֻלִּין מְתֻקָּנִין נִמְצָא מַפְסִיד סְאָה אַחַת. וְכֵן אִם הָיָה אוֹתוֹ טֶבֶל טָבוּל לִתְרוּמָה מַפְסִיד מִן הַחֻלִּין הַמְתֻקָּנִין כְּדֵי תְּרוּמָה וּתְרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר. וְלָמָּה מַפְסִיד סְאָה זוֹ כְּדֵי שֶׁלֹּא יֹאמַר מֵאָה שֶׁהִפְרִישׁ הֵן מֵאָה שֶׁל חֻלִּין וְהַמֵּאָה שֶׁנִּשְׁאֲרוּ הוּא הַטֶּבֶל. וְכֵן אִם הָיָה הַטֶּבֶל פָּחוֹת מִן הַחֻלִּין אוֹ מְרֻבֶּה עַל הַחֻלִּין מַגְבִּיהַּ הַטֶּבֶל וּכְדֵי תְּרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר שֶׁבַּטֶּבֶל מִן הַחֻלִּין אוֹ כְּדֵי תְּרוּמָה וּתְרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר אִם הָיָה הַטֶּבֶל טָבוּל לִתְרוּמָה:

**Mishneh Torah, trans. by Eliyahu Touger. Jerusalem, Moznaim Pub. c1986-c2007:**
What is implied? If 100 *se'ah* of *tevel* is mixed with 100 *se'ah* of ordinary produce that has been made acceptable, he should separate 101 [*se'ah*] from the entire mixture. Everything that he sets aside is considered as *tevel*. Thus 99 *se'ah* of ordinary produce that has been made acceptable remain. He has thus lost a *se'ah* [of the ordinary produce].⁶ of *terumat ma'aser* fell into the ordinary produce in which instance, it would be necessary to remove one *se'ah* from the mixture [the Rambam's Commentary to the Mishnah (*Demai* 7:7)]. Similarly, if *terumah* had also not been separated from the *tevel*, he must forfeit an amount from the ordinary produce that has been made acceptable that is equivalent to the *terumah* and *terumat ma'aser* [to be separated from the *tevel*].⁷, two *se'ah* for the great *terumah* and one *se'ah* for the *terumat ma'aser.*
Why must he forfeit this *se'ah*?⁸ that will ultimately be separated from the *tevel* can be considered as the *se'ah* that must be removed from the ordinary produce (*ibid.*). So that he will not say: "The 100 *se'ah* that I set aside are ordinary produce and the 100 that remain are *tevel*."⁹). Similarly, if the amount of the *tevel* exceeded or was less than ordinary produce, one should separate [an amount equivalent] to the *tevel* and [an amount] from the ordinary produce [equivalent] to the *terumat ma'aser* [to be separated from the *tevel*] or equivalent to the *terumah* and *terumat ma'aser* [to be separated] if it was *tevel* from which *terumah* was not separated.

footnotes:
⁶ I.e., it is considered as if the se'ah
⁷ I.e., three se'ah
⁸ For the se'ah
⁹ For the opposite is true, the produce that remains is the ordinary produce (ibid.


###### Mishneh Torah, Tithes 8:4
[Mishneh Torah, Tithes 8:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishneh%20Torah%2C%20Tithes/r/8:4)

וְכֵן אִם נִתְעָרֵב מַעֲשֵׂר טָבוּל בְּחֻלִּין מְתֻקָּנִין אוֹסֵר בְּכָל שֶׁהוּא. אִם יֵשׁ לוֹ מַעֲשֵׂר אַחֵר מוֹצִיא אוֹתוֹ עַל מַעֲשֵׂר הַטָּבוּל תְּרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר לְפִי חֶשְׁבּוֹן. וְאִם אֵין לוֹ מַעֲשֵׂר מַגְבִּיהַּ הַמַּעֲשֵׂר שֶׁנִּתְעָרֵב וּמַפְסִיד מִן הַחֻלִּין הַמְתֻקָּנִין כְּדֵי תְּרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר שֶׁבַּמַעֲשֵׂר הַטָּבוּל:

**Mishneh Torah, trans. by Eliyahu Touger. Jerusalem, Moznaim Pub. c1986-c2007:**
Similarly, if tithes¹⁰ had been separated. that were *tevel*¹¹ from them as of yet. became mixed with ordinary produce that has been made acceptable, even the slightest amount causes the mixture to be prohibited. If the person has other tithes, he should make a separation for the *terumat ma'aser* for the tithes that require this according to the appropriate proportion.¹² If he does not have other tithes,¹³ he should remove the tithes and forfeit from the ordinary produce that has been made acceptable an amount equal to the *terumat ma'aser* in the tithes.¹⁴

footnotes:
¹⁰ I.e., produce that had been separated as the tithes. Beforehand, terumah
¹¹ I.e., a person separated tithes and gave them to a Levite who did not separate terumat ma'aser
¹² Setting aside one tenth of the quantity of the tithes. This is the desired approach, because then the necessary separations are being made without losing anything.
¹³ And thus cannot exercise the above option.
¹⁴ I.e., one tenth of the tithes.


###### Mishneh Torah, Tithes 8:5
[Mishneh Torah, Tithes 8:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishneh%20Torah%2C%20Tithes/r/8:5)

כֵּיצַד. מֵאָה מַעֲשֵׂר שֶׁנִּתְעָרֵב בְּמֵאָה חֻלִּין מְתֻקָּנִין מַפְרִישׁ מִן הַכּל מֵאָה וְעֶשֶׂר וְכָל שֶׁהִפְרִישׁ מַעֲשֵׂר וְהַתִּשְׁעִים הַנִּשְׁאָרוֹת הֵן חֻלִּין כְּשֶׁהָיוּ. וְכֵן אִם הָיוּ הַחֻלִּין מְרֻבִּין עַל הַמַּעֲשֵׂר הַטָּבוּל אוֹ פְּחוּתִים מִמֶּנּוּ מַפְרִישׁ הַמַּעֲשֵׂר וּכְדֵי תְּרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר שֶׁבַּמַעֲשֵׂר הַטָּבוּל מִן הַחֻלִּין:

**Mishneh Torah, trans. by Eliyahu Touger. Jerusalem, Moznaim Pub. c1986-c2007:**
What is implied? 100 [*se'ah* of] tithes become mixed with 100 [*se'ah* of] ordinary produce that has been made acceptable. He should separate 110 *se'ah* from the entire mixture. Everything that he separates is considered as the tithes. The 90 [*se'ah*] that remain are ordinary produce as before. Similarly, if the amount of the ordinary produce exceeds or is less than that of these tithes, he should separate the tithes and from the ordinary produce, an amount equivalent to the *terumat ma'aser* in the tithes.¹⁵), the Rambam explains that this ruling is given because the situation at hand is an intermediate level between an instance where *terumat ma'aser* becomes mixed with ordinary produce (in which instance 101 times the amount of *terumat ma'aser* would be necessary) and a situation where the *terumat ma'aser* need not be considered at all. There is a basis for such leniency, since ultimately, no separation had been made and *terumat ma'aser* was never mixed with the produce. On the other hand, since a tenth of the tithes is fit to be separated as *terumat ma'aser*, some recognition should be made. Hence our Sages arrived at the above compromise.

footnotes:
¹⁵ In his Commentary to the Mishnah (op. cit.


###### Mishneh Torah, Tithes 8:6
[Mishneh Torah, Tithes 8:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishneh%20Torah%2C%20Tithes/r/8:6)

טֶבֶל שֶׁנִּתְעָרֵב בְּמַעֲשֵׂר טָבוּל אִם הָיָה הַטֶּבֶל כַּמַעֲשֵׂר מַפְסִיד מִן הַטֶּבֶל כְּדֵי תְּרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר שֶׁבּוֹ. כֵּיצַד. מֵאָה סְאָה טֶבֶל שֶׁנִּתְעָרֵב בְּמֵאָה סְאָה מַעֲשֵׂר מַפְרִישׁ אֶחָד וּמֵאָה וְזֶה שֶׁהִפְרִישׁ מַעֲשֵׂר וְתִשְׁעִים וְתֵשַׁע הַנִּשְׁאָרוֹת טֶבֶל. הָיָה הַטֶּבֶל מְרֻבֶּה עַל הַמַּעֲשֵׂר מַפְרִישׁ הַמַּעֲשֵׂר בִּלְבַד. וְלֹא יַפְסִיד מִן הַטֶּבֶל כְּלוּם שֶׁאִם יִקְרָא שֵׁם לִתְרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר שֶׁנִּטְבַּל נִמְצָא הַמַּעֲשֵׂר מְדֻמָּע בִּתְרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר שֶׁל טֶבֶל שֶׁעָלְתָה עִמּוֹ. הָיָה הַמַּעֲשֵׂר מְרֻבֶּה עַל הַטֶּבֶל קוֹרֵא שֵׁם לִתְרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר [שֶׁבַּטֶּבֶל] וּמַפְרִישׁ הַטֶּבֶל וּכְדֵי תְּרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר שֶׁל טִבְלוֹ אֶחָד מִמֵּאָה מִן הַמַּעֲשֵׂר וְיִהְיֶה הַטֶּבֶל כֻּלּוֹ מְדֻמָּע וְיִמְכְּרֶנָּה לְכֹהֵן חוּץ מִדְּמֵי שְׁתֵּי תְּרוּמוֹת שֶׁבּוֹ וְנִמְצָא מַפְסִיד מִן הַמַּעֲשֵׂר אֶחָד מִמֵּאָה שֶׁבּוֹ שֶׁהוּא כְּמוֹ תְּרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר שֶׁבַּטֶּבֶל. כֵּיצַד. מֵאָה טֶבֶל עִם מָאתַיִם מַעֲשֵׂר מַפְרִישׁ מֵאָה וְשָׁלֹשׁ וְהַשָּׁלֹשׁ הֵן תְּרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר שֶׁל מֵאָה טֶבֶל וְשִׁעוּר תְּרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר מִמָּאתַיִם כְּדֵי שֶׁלֹּא יָבוֹא לִטְעוֹת אִם נִתְעָרְבוּ בִּכְמוֹתוֹ וְיִשָּׁאֵר קצ"ז וְהֵם מַעֲשֵׂר כְּשֶׁהָיוּ:

**Mishneh Torah, trans. by Eliyahu Touger. Jerusalem, Moznaim Pub. c1986-c2007:**
[The following laws apply when] *tevel* becomes mixed together with tithes¹⁶ had been separated. that were *tevel*.¹⁷ from them as of yet. If the amount of *tevel* was equivalent to the amount of the tithes, he must forfeit from the *tevel* an amount equivalent to the *terumat ma'aser* it contains.¹⁸.
What is implied? There were 100 *se'ah* of *tevel* that became mixed with 100 *se'ah* of tithes. He should separate 101 [*se'ah*]; they are considered as tithes.¹⁹ of *terumat ma'aser* from the *tevel* that is added is considered as mixed in with the tithes (ordinary) produce and therefore *betal*, subsumed, in it. Hence the person can make use of the produce in the ordinary manner. The 99 remaining are considered as *tevel*.²⁰
If there was more *tevel* than tithes, he should separate the tithes alone and he does not forfeit anything from the *tevel*. For if he would designate the *terumat ma'aser* of the *tevel*,²¹ the tithes would be *meduma*,²² and ordinary produce. An ordinary person cannot benefit from such a mixture. Instead, it must be sold to a priest at the price of *terumah* with the exception of the price of the portion that is *terumat ma'aser*, as the Rambam continues to explain. The tithes would be *meduma*, because there would not be enough ordinary produce for the *terumat ma'aser* to be subsumed within them. a mixture of [the tithes]²³ and the *terumat ma'aser* from the tithes which are separated together.
If there were more tithes than *tevel*, he should designate the *terumat ma'aser* in the *tevel*, setting aside the *tevel* and an amount equivalent to the *terumat ma'aser* for the *tevel*, i.e., one one-hundredth of the tithe. The *tevel* should be considered as if it is all *meduma* and sold to a priest with the exception of the worth of the two [portions of] *terumah* in it. Thus he will forfeit one hundredth of the tithes which is equivalent to the *terumat ma'aser* in the *tevel*.
What is implied? If there were 100 [*se'ah*] *tevel* with 200 [*se'ah*] of the tithes, he should set aside 103. The three [*se'ah*] are the *terumat ma'aser* of the 100 [*se'ah*] of *tevel* and the measure of *terumat ma'aser* for the 200 [*se'ah* of the tithes]. [This separation is necessary] so that people will not come to err if [the tithes] became mixed with an equivalent amount [of *tevel*]. Therefore he should leave 197 [*se'ah*] which will remain tithes as they were.²⁴ in the tithes and the amount of *terumat ma'aser* in the *tevel*. The Ra'avad differs with the Rambam and the commentaries support the Rambam's decision.

footnotes:
¹⁶ I.e., produce that had been separated as the tithes. Beforehand, terumah
¹⁷ I.e., a person separated tithes and gave them to a Levite who did not separate terumat ma'aser
¹⁸ I.e., 1/100th of the tevel
¹⁹ The se'ah
²⁰ The Ra'avad differs with the Rambam. The commentaries justify the Rambam's view.
²¹ And thus separate an additional amount.
²² A mixture of terumah
²³ Which are ordinary produce.
²⁴ In this way, he is forfeiting from the tithes the amount of terumat ma'aser


###### Mishneh Torah, Tithes 8:7
[Mishneh Torah, Tithes 8:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishneh%20Torah%2C%20Tithes/r/8:7)

מִי שֶׁהָיוּ לוֹ עֶשֶׂר שׁוּרוֹת שֶׁל עֶשֶׂר עֶשֶׂר כַּדֵּי יַיִן וְקָבַע כַּד אֶחָד מִשּׁוּרָה הַחִיצוֹנָה מַעֲשֵׂר עַל מָקוֹם אַחֵר וְאֵין יָדוּעַ אֵי זוֹ שׁוּרָה הַחִיצוֹנָה הִיא. נוֹטֵל שְׁתֵּי חָבִיּוֹת בַּאֲלַכְסוֹן וּמְעָרֵב שְׁתֵּיהֶן וּמַפְרִישׁ מֵהֶן:

**Mishneh Torah, trans. by Eliyahu Touger. Jerusalem, Moznaim Pub. c1986-c2007:**
[The following laws apply when a person] has [a stack with] ten lines, each containing ten barrels of wine and [the owner] allocated²⁵ one barrel of the outer line²⁶ 7:8)]. as tithes for other wine,²⁷) speak about only one barrel of wine as tithes for 100 barrels (Radbaz)? but he does not know which outer line [he intended]. He should take two barrels from [the corners] on a diagonal,²⁸). The intent is that each of the barrels on the corners is part of two surfaces. Since he is taking a barrel from opposite corners, he will have certainly taken a barrel from the surface he intended. Nevertheless, since he does not know which one of the two is appropriate, he should mix them together. mix them, and separate [the tithes] from them.²⁹).

footnotes:
²⁵ The commentaries explain that we are not speaking about an instance where he actually set aside the barrel as tithes, for the Rambam concludes the halachah by saying that he should set aside the tithes. Instead, he merely pledged to separate a barrel from that surface for ten barrels of other wine.
²⁶ I.e., one of the external surfaces of the cube that is the pile [the Rambam's Commentary to the Mishnah (Demai
²⁷ The Rambam mentions this point, because otherwise, one could rightly ask: Why does the Mishnah (ibid.
²⁸ Our translation is taken from the Rambam's Commentary to the Mishnah (ibid.
²⁹ Preferably, he should also use the remaining amount as tithes for other produce. Thus the barrel separated will be used entirely as tithes (Kin'at Eliyahu


###### Mishneh Torah, Tithes 8:8
[Mishneh Torah, Tithes 8:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishneh%20Torah%2C%20Tithes/r/8:8)

קְבָעָהּ בַּחֲצִי שׁוּרָה הַחִיצוֹנָה וְאֵין יָדוּעַ אֵי זוֹ חֲצִי שׁוּרָה הִיא נוֹטֵל אַרְבַּע חָבִיּוֹת מֵאַרְבַּע זָוִיּוֹת. קְבָעָהּ בְּשׁוּרָה אַחַת מֵהֶן וְאֵין יָדוּעַ אֵי זוֹ שׁוּרָה הִיא נוֹטֵל שׁוּרָה אַחַת בַּאֲלַכְסוֹן. קְבָעָהּ בַּחֲצִי שׁוּרָה וְאֵין יָדוּעַ אֵי זוֹ חֲצִי שׁוּרָה הִיא נוֹטֵל שְׁתֵּי שׁוּרוֹת בַּאֲלַכְסוֹן שֶׁהֲרֵי נָטַל חָבִית מִכָּל חֲצִי שׁוּרָה וּמְעָרֵב וּמַפְרִישׁ:

**Mishneh Torah, trans. by Eliyahu Touger. Jerusalem, Moznaim Pub. c1986-c2007:**
If he allocated [one barrel from] the half³⁰). of an outer row [as tithes], but does not know from which [outer] half a row, he should take four barrels, [one] from each of the corners.³¹ If he allocated [a barrel from] one row, but does not know which row, he should take [a barrel] from a diagonal row.³² If he allocated [a barrel from] half a row, but does not know which half a row, he should take [a barrel] from two diagonal rows.³³ Thus he will be taking a barrel from each half row. He should then mix them together and separate [the tithes].

footnotes:
³⁰ These and the following bracketed additions are made on the basis of the Rambam's Commentary to the Mishnah (loc. cit.
³¹ Each of the barrels is part of two outer half rows, so that the barrel he intended to allocate is certainly among these four barrels.
³² By doing so, he will have taken a barrel from every row.
³³ In a criss-cross as depicted in the accompanying diagram.


###### Mishneh Torah, Tithes 8:9
[Mishneh Torah, Tithes 8:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Mishneh%20Torah%2C%20Tithes/r/8:9)

קָבַע הַמַּעֲשֵׂר בְּכַד אַחַת מֵהֶן וְאֵין יָדוּעַ אֵי זוֹ הִיא נוֹטֵל מִכָּל כַּד וְכַד מִן הַמֵּאָה וּמְעָרֵב וּמַפְרִישׁ כְּדֵי כַּד אַחַת וּמְעַשֵּׂר:

**Mishneh Torah, trans. by Eliyahu Touger. Jerusalem, Moznaim Pub. c1986-c2007:**
If he allocated one barrel as tithes but does not know which barrel it is, he should take [some wine] from each of the 100 barrels, mix it together, and separate enough for one barrel as tithes.