## Nazir Daf 40a

###### Nazir 40a:1
[Nazir 40a:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Nazir/r/40a:1)

שֶׁאֵין דָּנִין קַל מֵחָמוּר לְהַחְמִיר עָלָיו.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**as one does not derive** a *halakha* in **a lenient** case **from** the *halakha* in a more **stringent** one in a manner that would cause one **to be stringent** in the more lenient case. Since the case of a leper is more stringent than that of a nazirite, as a leper must shave his entire body, one cannot derive from the *halakhot* of a leper that a stringent *halakha* applies to a nazirite. It is therefore necessary for the verse to specify that a nazirite’s final shaving must be performed with a razor.


###### Nazir 40a:2
[Nazir 40a:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Nazir/r/40a:2)

רַבִּי אוֹמֵר: אֵינוֹ צָרִיךְ, הֲרֵי הוּא אוֹמֵר ״תַּעַר לֹא יַעֲבוֹר עַל רֹאשׁוֹ עַד מְלֹאת״, הַתּוֹרָה אָמְרָה: ״אַחַר מְלֹאת״ — לֹא תְּהֵא תִּגְלַחַת אֶלָּא בְּתַעַר.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rabbi** Yehuda HaNasi **says** that the term “razor” itself **is not necessary** to teach that a nazirite’s final shaving must be performed with a razor, **as** the verse **states: “A razor shall not come upon his head until the completion** of the days that he vowed naziriteship to God” (Numbers 6:5). This full sentence indicates that **the Torah said: After the completion** of his term **the shaving must be** performed **only with a razor.**


###### Nazir 40a:3
[Nazir 40a:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Nazir/r/40a:3)

וְהָכְתִיב ״תַּעַר לֹא יַעֲבוֹר עַל רֹאשׁוֹ״!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara comments: Rabbi Yehuda HaNasi claims that the term “razor” indicates that shaving, in this case that of a nazirite after the completion of his term, may be performed only with a razor. If so, the verse should be understood in the same manner with regard to the prohibition of shaving. **But** if one examines the first part of the verse by itself, **isn’t it written: “A razor shall not come upon his head”** (Numbers 6:5), and the first *tanna*, whose opinion Rabbi Yehuda HaNasi does not dispute, derives from this verse that he is prohibited from shaving by other means as well, notwithstanding the explicit mention of a razor.


###### Nazir 40a:4
[Nazir 40a:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Nazir/r/40a:4)

לַעֲבוֹר עָלָיו בִּשְׁנֵי לָאוִין.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara explains that the phrase “shall not come upon his head” teaches that a nazirite may not remove his hair in any manner. As for the mention of razor in this context, it serves to teach **that he will violate two prohibitions for this** action of using a razor, one for removing his hair and one for doing so with a razor.


###### Nazir 40a:5
[Nazir 40a:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Nazir/r/40a:5)

אָמַר רַב חִסְדָּא: לִלְקוֹת — בְּאַחַת, לְעַכֵּב — בִּשְׁתַּיִם, לִסְתּוֹר — אֵינוֹ סוֹתֵר אֶלָּא בְּרוֹב רֹאשׁוֹ וּבְתַעַר.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ Concerning a nazirite who shaves his hair, **Rav Ḥisda says:** With regard **to flogging,** a nazirite who shaved his hair is flogged **for** shaving even **one** hair; with regard **to invalidation,** i.e., the ritual shaving of his hair at the end of his naziriteship, the shaving is **invalidated** if he failed **to** remove **two** hairs; and as **for negating** his naziriteship, shaving during his term **negates** it **only if** he shaved **most of his head. And** this applies only if he removed his hair **with a razor.**


###### Nazir 40a:6
[Nazir 40a:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Nazir/r/40a:6)

בְּתַעַר — אִין, בְּמִידֵּי אַחֲרִינָא — לָא? וְהָקָתָנֵי: מִנַּיִן לְרַבּוֹת אֶת כׇּל הַמַּעֲבִירִין! אֶלָּא אֵימָא: כְּעֵין תַּעַר.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara asks: This indicates that according to the opinion of Rav Ḥisda, a nazirite who shaved **with a razor, yes,** he negates thirty days, whereas if he did so **with anything else, no,** he does not negate days. **But isn’t it taught: From where** is it derived **to include all** implements **that remove** hair, i.e., that a nazirite is liable if he uses any of them? The verse states: “Shall not come upon his head,” meaning in any manner. This indicates that a nazirite must add days to his term of naziriteship even if he shaved with an implement other than a razor. **Rather, say** that Rav Ḥisda meant: **In the manner of a razor.** That is, the nazirite negates his naziriteship only if he removes his hair as one does with a razor, without leaving any part of it.


###### Nazir 40a:7
[Nazir 40a:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Nazir/r/40a:7)

תַּנְיָא נָמֵי הָכִי: נָזִיר שֶׁתָּלַשׁ, מֵירַט, סִיפְסֵף כׇּל שֶׁהוּא — אֵינוֹ סוֹתֵר אֶלָּא בְּרוֹב רֹאשׁוֹ וּבְתַעַר. רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר מִשּׁוּם רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן: כְּשֵׁם שֶׁשְׁתֵּי שְׂעָרוֹת מְעַכְּבוֹת בּוֹ, כָּךְ שְׁתֵּי שְׂעָרוֹת סוֹתְרוֹת בּוֹ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**This** opinion **is also taught** in a *baraita* (*Tosefta* 4:3): With regard to **a nazirite who tore out, uprooted,** or **pulled out any amount** of hair, this **negates** days of his naziriteship **only if** he shaved **most of his head, and** only if he did so **in** the manner of **a razor. Rabbi Shimon ben Yehuda says in the name of Rabbi Shimon: Just as** leaving **two hairs invalidates his** shaving of ritual purity at the end of his term, and the act is considered incomplete, **so too,** leaving a mere **two hairs negates** days of **his** naziriteship, if he shaved during his term.


###### Nazir 40a:8
[Nazir 40a:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Nazir/r/40a:8)

תְּנַן הָתָם: שְׁלֹשָׁה מְגַלְּחִין, וְתִגְלַחְתָּן מִצְוָה: נָזִיר, וּמְצוֹרָע, וּלְוִיִּם. וְכוּלָּן שֶׁגִּילְּחוּ שֶׁלֹּא בְּתַעַר, אוֹ שֶׁשִּׁיְּירוּ שְׁתֵּי שְׂעָרוֹת — לֹא עָשׂוּ וְלֹא כְּלוּם.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ **We learned** in a mishna **there** (*Nega’im* 14:4): **Three** types of people must **shave** their hair, **and their shaving** is **a mitzva: A nazirite; and a leper,** as it is stated: “And he who is to be cleansed shall wash his clothes, and shave off all his hair” (Leviticus 14:8–9). **And** the third category is **Levites,** when they were first sanctified for their service, as it is stated: “And this you shall do to them to cleanse them: Sprinkle the water of purification upon them, and let them cause a razor to pass over all their flesh” (Numbers 8:7). **And** with regard to **all of them, if they shaved with** an implement **other than a razor, or if they left two hairs** uncut, **they have done nothing,** i.e., they have not fulfilled their obligation.


###### Nazir 40a:9
[Nazir 40a:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Nazir/r/40a:9)

אָמַר מָר: שְׁלֹשָׁה מְגַלְּחִין וְתִגְלַחְתָּן מִצְוָה. פְּשִׁיטָא! מַהוּ דְּתֵימָא מִשּׁוּם עַבּוֹרֵי שֵׂעָר הוּא, וַאֲפִילּוּ סָךְ נָשָׁא, קָא מַשְׁמַע לַן דְּלָא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara analyzes this mishna. **The Master said** there: **Three** types of people must **shave** and cut their hair, **and their shaving** is **a mitzva.** The Gemara asks: This **is obvious;** after all, doesn’t the Torah command all three to shave? The Gemara answers: The statement of the mishna is necessary, **lest you say** that the mitzva **is due to** and aimed at the **removal of hair, and** therefore **even one who applied a depilatory [*nasha*]** to remove his hair has fulfilled his obligation. The mishna therefore **teaches us that** this is **not** so, as the mitzva must be performed by shaving.


###### Nazir 40a:10
[Nazir 40a:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Nazir/r/40a:10)

קָתָנֵי: וְכוּלָּן שֶׁגִּילְּחוּ שֶׁלֹּא בְּתַעַר. בִּשְׁלָמָא גַּבֵּי נָזִיר, כְּתִיב: ״תַּעַר לֹא יַעֲבוֹר עַל רֹאשׁוֹ״. וְגַבֵּי לְוִיִּם כְּתִיב: ״וְהֶעֱבִירוּ תַעַר עַל כׇּל בְּשָׂרָם״. אֶלָּא מְצוֹרָע בְּתַעַר, מְנָלַן?

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The mishna further **teaches: And** with regard to **all of them, if they shaved with** an implement **other than a razor,** they have done nothing. The Gemara asks: **Granted, with regard to a nazirite** the source of this *halakha* is clear, as **it is written: “A razor shall not come upon his head”** (Numbers 6:5), which indicates that when he does shave he must do so with a razor. **And** similarly, **with regard to** the **Levites it is written: “And let them cause a razor to pass over all their flesh”** (Numbers 8:7). **However, from where do we** derive that **a leper** must be shaved **with a razor** for his ritual purification?


###### Nazir 40a:11
[Nazir 40a:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Nazir/r/40a:11)

וְכִי תֵימָא, תֵּיתֵי מִלְּוִיִּם: מָה לְוִיִּם שֶׁכֵּן טְעוּנִין תִּגְלַחַת, וְאֵין תִּגְלַחְתָּן אֶלָּא בְּתַעַר — אַף אֲנִי אָבִיא אֶת הַמְצוֹרָע שֶׁהוּא טָעוּן תִּגְלַחַת, וְאֵין תִּגְלַחְתּוֹ אֶלָּא בְּתַעַר. אִיכָּא לְמִיפְרַךְ: מָה לִלְוִיִּם שֶׁכֵּן טְעוּנִין תְּנוּפָה בְּגוּפָם, תֹּאמַר בִּמְצוֹרָע דְּלָא!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And if you would say** that this *halakha* **is derived from** the case of the **Levites,** as, **just as Levites require shaving and their shaving is only with a razor, so too, I will bring** the case of **a leper, who requires shaving and** say that **his shaving** can likewise be performed **only with a razor,** then this comparison **can be refuted. What** is unique **about Levites** is **that** they have an extra stringency, in that **they require waving of their bodies,** i.e., Aaron was required to pick up and wave the bodies of the Levites as part of the ritual of their sanctification (see Numbers 8:11). Will **you say** the same **with regard to a leper, who** does **not** require waving?


###### Nazir 40a:12
[Nazir 40a:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Nazir/r/40a:12)

אֶלָּא תֵּיתֵי מִנָּזִיר: מָה לְנָזִיר שֶׁכֵּן קׇרְבָּנוֹ טָעוּן לֶחֶם, תֹּאמַר בִּמְצוֹרָע דְּלָא. אֶלָּא מֵחֲדָא לָא אָתְיָא, תֵּיתֵי מִתַּרְוֵיהוֹן.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rather,** the *halakha* that a leper must use a razor is **derived from** the case of **a nazirite,** who does not require waving either. However, this comparison can also be refuted: **What** is unique **about the nazirite** is **that his offering requires bread. Will you say** the same **with regard to a leper,** who does **not** require bread as part of his purification process? **Rather,** clearly the *halakha* of a leper is **not derived** from either **one** of the above cases, that of the Levites or the nazirite. Therefore, **let it be derived from the two of them.**


###### Nazir 40a:13
[Nazir 40a:13](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Nazir/r/40a:13)

מֵהֵי תֵּיתֵי? תֵּיתֵי מִלְּוִיִּם, מָה לִלְוִיִּם שֶׁכֵּן טְעוּנִין תְּנוּפָה בְּגוּפָן. נָזִיר יוֹכִיחַ, מָה לְנָזִיר שֶׁכֵּן קׇרְבָּנוֹ טָעוּן לֶחֶם. לְוִיִּם יוֹכִיחוּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara elaborates: As stated previously, **from which** single case **can it be derived?** If you say it **can be derived from** the **Levites, what** is unique **about Levites** is **that they require waving of their bodies.** This suggestion can be countered by saying that the case of **a nazirite proves** that this stringency is not the decisive factor leading to the requirement of a razor, as a nazirite is not waved and yet he must be shaved with a razor. And if you respond: **What** is unique **about the nazirite** is **that his offering requires bread,** one can similarly argue that the **Levites prove** that this stringency does not lead to the *halakha* of shaving with a razor, as the offering of the Levites does not require bread and nevertheless they must be shaved with a razor.


###### Nazir 40a:14
[Nazir 40a:14](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Nazir/r/40a:14)

וְחָזַר הַדִּין, לֹא רְאִי זֶה כִּרְאִי זֶה, וְלֹא רְאִי זֶה כִּרְאִי זֶה. הַצַּד הַשָּׁוֶה שֶׁבָּהֶם שֶׁהֵן טְעוּנִין תִּגְלַחַת, וְתִגְלַחְתָּן בְּתַעַר. אַף אֲנִי אָבִיא אֶת הַמְצוֹרָע שֶׁהוּא טָעוּן תִּגְלַחַת, וְתִגְלַחְתּוֹ בְּתַעַר.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And** in this manner **the derivation has reverted** to its starting point. However, at this stage the *halakha* is derived from a combination of the two sources: **The aspect of this** case **is not like the aspect of that** case, **and the aspect of that is not like the aspect of this;** each case has its own special features. **The common denominator is that they require shaving and their shaving is with a razor.** Therefore, **I will also bring** the case of **the leper, who requires shaving, and** say that **his shaving** must be **with a razor.**


###### Nazir 40a:15
[Nazir 40a:15](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Nazir/r/40a:15)

אֲמַר לֵיהּ רָבָא מִבַּרְנִישׁ לְרַב אָשֵׁי, וְלִיפְרוֹךְ: מָה לְהַצַּד הַשָּׁוֶה שֶׁבָּהֶן, שֶׁכֵּן

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rava of Barnish said to Rav Ashi: And let us refute** this derivation in the following manner: **What** is the common denominator between the Levites and the nazirite? **Their common denominator is that**