## Nazir Daf 65a

###### Nazir 65a:1
[Nazir 65a:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Nazir/r/65a:1)

בּוֹדֵק הֵימֶנּוּ וּלְהַלָּן עֶשְׂרִים אַמָּה, מָצָא אֶחָד בְּסוֹף עֶשְׂרִים אַמָּה — בּוֹדֵק הֵימֶנּוּ וּלְהַלָּן עֶשְׂרִים אַמָּה. שֶׁרַגְלַיִם לַדָּבָר. שֶׁאִילּוּ תְּחִילָּה מְצָאוֹ — נוֹטְלוֹ וְאֶת תְּפוּסָתוֹ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
One must therefore **examine from that** spot **outward** for **twenty cubits.** If one **finds** another corpse **at the end of twenty cubits,** he **examines** from that spot **outward twenty cubits, as there is a basis for** anticipating **the matter.** It is likely that he has stumbled upon an ancient gravesite. He is not permitted to relocate the corpses, despite the fact **that if he had found** the single corpse by itself **at first** he could have **removed it and its surrounding** earth.


###### Nazir 65a:2
[Nazir 65a:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Nazir/r/65a:2)

**גְּמָ׳** אָמַר רַב יְהוּדָה: מָצָא — פְּרָט לְמָצוּי. מֵת — פְּרָט לְהָרוּג. מוּשְׁכָּב — פְּרָט לְיוֹשֵׁב. כְּדַרְכּוֹ — פְּרָט לְשֶׁרֹאשׁוֹ מוּנָּח בֵּין יַרְכוֹתָיו.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**GEMARA:** **Rav Yehuda said** the following inferences from the mishna: The phrase: He **found, excludes** a corpse **that** already had **been found.** If it was known that there was one corpse buried in a certain place, the discovery of two previously unknown corpses does not raise the concern that perhaps it is a forgotten graveyard. Similarly, the term **corpse [*met*] excludes a killed [*harug*]** person. Even if there were three corpses found, if there are signs that these people were killed, the area is not assumed to be a graveyard, as they may have been buried where they were found killed. Likewise, the term **lying excludes a sitting** person, as Jews were not generally buried in a seated position. The phrase: **In** the usual **manner, excludes** one **whose head was placed between his thighs,** as that is not the way Jews are buried.


###### Nazir 65a:3
[Nazir 65a:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Nazir/r/65a:3)

תָּנֵי עוּלָּא בַּר חֲנִינָא: מֵת שֶׁחָסַר, אֵין לוֹ תְּפוּסָה וְלֹא שְׁכוּנַת קְבָרוֹת. וְכׇל הָנֵי מַאי טַעְמָא לָא? אָמְרִינַן דִּילְמָא גּוֹי הוּא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Ulla bar Ḥanina taught** a *baraita* (*Tosefta*, *Oholot* 16:2): **A corpse that is lacking** a part of his body indispensable to life **has no** *halakha* of **surrounding** earth, i.e., there is no need to remove the nearby earth along with the corpse. **Nor** does it have the *halakha* of **a graveyard,** i.e., it does not join with two other corpses to establish this site as a cemetery. The Gemara asks: **And** with regard to **all these** listed above, i.e., a corpse that was buried in a sitting position or with its head between its thighs, **what is the reason** that they are **not** considered part of a graveyard? The Gemara answers: **We say** that **perhaps** the deceased **was a gentile,** as Jews are not usually buried in these ways.


###### Nazir 65a:4
[Nazir 65a:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Nazir/r/65a:4)

מָצָא שְׁנַיִם, רֹאשׁוֹ שֶׁל זֶה בְּצַד מַרְגְּלוֹתָיו שֶׁל זֶה, וְרֹאשׁוֹ שֶׁל זֶה בְּצַד מַרְגְּלוֹתָיו שֶׁל זֶה — אֵין לָהֶן תְּפוּסָה וְלֹא שְׁכוּנַת קְבָרוֹת. מָצָא שְׁלֹשָׁה, הָאֶחָד יָדוּעַ וּשְׁנַיִם תְּחִילָּה, אוֹ שְׁנַיִם תְּחִילָּה וּשְׁנַיִם יְדוּעִים — אֵין לָהֶם תְּפוּסָה, וְאֵין לָהֶם שְׁכוּנַת קְבָרוֹת.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The *baraita* further states: If one **found two** corpses, with **the head of this** one **by the feet of that** one **and the head of that** one **by the feet of this** one, **they do not have** the *halakha* of **surrounding earth, nor** do they have the *halakha* of **a graveyard.** This is not the way Jews are buried, as corpses in a Jewish cemetery always face the same direction. If one **found three** corpses, **one** of which was previously **known, while** the other **two** were found **for the first** time now, **or** if one found **two for the first** time **and two** that were **known, they do not have** the *halakha* of **surrounding** earth, **and they** also **do not have** the *halakha* of **a graveyard.** One does not view these corpses as connected.


###### Nazir 65a:5
[Nazir 65a:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Nazir/r/65a:5)

מַעֲשֶׂה בְּרַבִּי יְשֵׁבָב שֶׁבָּדַק וּמָצָא שְׁנַיִם יְדוּעִין וְאֶחָד תְּחִילָּה, וּבִיקֵּשׁ לַעֲשׂוֹתָן שְׁכוּנַת קְבָרוֹת. אָמַר לוֹ רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא: כׇּל שֶׁיָּגַעְתָּ — לָרִיק יָגַעְתָּ. לֹא אָמְרוּ שְׁכוּנַת קְבָרוֹת אֶלָּא לִשְׁלֹשָׁה יְדוּעִין, אוֹ לִשְׁלֹשָׁה תְּחִילָּה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The *baraita* relates: **An incident** occurred **involving Rabbi Yeshevav, who examined and found two known** corpses **and one** corpse discovered **for the first** time, **and he wished to deem** the three corpses **a graveyard. Rabbi Akiva said to him: All your toil is in vain. They said** it is **a graveyard only** in a case **of three known** corpses buried in one spot **or three** corpses found **for the first** time. However, if some were known and others were discovered for the first time, one does not combine them.


###### Nazir 65a:6
[Nazir 65a:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Nazir/r/65a:6)

נוֹטְלָן וְאֶת תְּפוּסָתָן. הֵיכִי דָּמֵי תְּפוּסָה? אָמַר רַב יְהוּדָה: אָמַר קְרָא ״וּנְשָׂאתַנִי מִמִּצְרַיִם״ — טוֹל עִמִּי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ The mishna taught that **he removes them and their surrounding** earth. The Gemara asks: **What are the circumstances** of **surrounding** earth? **Rav Yehuda said: The verse states** with regard to Jacob’s instruction to Joseph to transfer his remains to Eretz Yisrael: **“You shall carry me out from Egypt”** (Genesis 47:30), which indicates: **Take** some earth out from Egypt **with me,** i.e., take the earth that is near the corpse.


###### Nazir 65a:7
[Nazir 65a:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Nazir/r/65a:7)

וְכַמָּה שִׁיעוּר תְּפוּסָה? פֵּירֵשׁ רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר (בְּרַבִּי צָדוֹק): נוֹטֵל עָפָר תִּיחוּחַ, וְחוֹפֵר בַּבְּתוּלָה שָׁלֹשׁ אֶצְבָּעוֹת.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara further asks: **And what is the measure of surrounding** earth? **Rabbi Elazar, son of Rabbi Tzadok, explained: One takes loose dirt** from near the corpse, as it is assumed it has been loosened by the blood and moisture from the corpse, **and digs virgin,** uncultivated, ground to a depth of **three fingerbreadths,** in case this earth has absorbed the blood.


###### Nazir 65a:8
[Nazir 65a:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Nazir/r/65a:8)

מֵיתִיבִי: וְכַמָּה שִׁיעוּר תְּפוּסָה? פֵּירֵשׁ רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר בְּרַבִּי צָדוֹק: נוֹטֵל אֶת הַקֵּיסָמִין וְאֶת הַקְּסָסוֹת.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara **raises an objection** to this ruling from a different *baraita*: **And what is the measure of surrounding** earth? **Rabbi Elazar, son of Rabbi Tzadok, explained: One takes wood chips** found nearby, which might have been part of the coffin, **and lumps** of earth that might have absorbed the blood and moisture from a corpse.


###### Nazir 65a:9
[Nazir 65a:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Nazir/r/65a:9)

וְזוֹרֵק אֶת הַוַּודָּאִין וּמַנִּיחַ אֶת הַסְּפֵיקוֹת. וְהַשְּׁאָר מִצְטָרֵף לְרוֹב בִּנְיָנוֹ שֶׁל מֵת, וּלְרוֹבַע עֲצָמוֹת, לִמְלֹא תַּרְווֹד רָקָב.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And he discards** that which is **certainly** not from the corpse, e.g., stones. And **he sets aside the** items with regard to which it is **uncertain** if they have a connection with the corpse. **And the rest,** i.e., anything that is apparently from the corpse, **combine to** reach the amount **of the majority of the structure of a corpse, or of a quarter-***kav* **of bones,** or **of a full ladle of dust** from a corpse. The remains of a corpse impart ritual impurity in a tent only if they meet one of those three qualifications. Anything which is apparently the remains of the corpse is considered dust of a corpse with regard to this *halakha*. In any event, it is clear that this *baraita* presents a different definition of surrounding earth.


###### Nazir 65a:10
[Nazir 65a:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Nazir/r/65a:10)

הוּא דְּאָמַר כִּי הַאי תַּנָּא, דְּתַנְיָא: וְכַמָּה שִׁיעוּר תְּפוּסָה? אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן מִשּׁוּם בֶּן עַזַּאי: נוֹטֵל עָפָר תִּיחוּחַ, וְחוֹפֵר בַּבְּתוּלָה שָׁלֹשׁ אֶצְבָּעוֹת.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara answers: With regard to the first statement of Rabbi Elazar, it was **he who said in accordance with** the opinion of **that *tanna*,** ben Azzai, **as it is taught** in a *baraita*: **And how much is the measure of surrounding** earth? **Rabbi Yoḥanan says in the name of ben Azzai: One takes loose earth and digs virgin** ground to a depth of **three fingerbreadths.**


###### Nazir 65a:11
[Nazir 65a:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Nazir/r/65a:11)

בּוֹדֵק הֵימֶנּוּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ The mishna taught that one must **examine** the ground for up to twenty cubits **from that** spot where a corpse was found.