## Pesachim Daf 107a

###### Pesachim 107a:1
[Pesachim 107a:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Pesachim/r/107a:1)

אָמַר רָבָא: הִילְכְתָא, טָעַם — מְקַדֵּשׁ, וְטָעַם — מַבְדִּיל, וּמִי שֶׁלֹּא קִידֵּשׁ בְּעֶרֶב שַׁבָּת — מְקַדֵּשׁ וְהוֹלֵךְ כׇּל הַיּוֹם כּוּלּוֹ עַד מוֹצָאֵי שַׁבָּת. מִי שֶׁלֹּא הִבְדִּיל בְּמוֹצָאֵי שַׁבָּת — מַבְדִּיל וְהוֹלֵךְ כׇּל הַשַּׁבָּת כּוּלּוֹ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rava said:** The ***halakha*** is that one who **tasted** food before *kiddush* may **recite *kiddush*; and** one who **tasted** food before *havdala* may **recite *havdala*; and one who did not recite *kiddush* on Shabbat eve,** at night, may **recite *kiddush* any time** during **the entire day until the conclusion of Shabbat.** Likewise, **one who did not recite *havdala* at the conclusion of Shabbat** may **recite *havdala* any time** during **the entire week,** i.e., during the first three days of the week, the time period called: After Shabbat.


###### Pesachim 107a:2
[Pesachim 107a:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Pesachim/r/107a:2)

אַמֵּימָר פָּתַח לַהּ לְהָא שְׁמַעְתָּא דְּרָבָא בְּהַאי לִישָּׁנָא, אָמַר רָבָא: הִילְכְתָא, טָעַם — מְקַדֵּשׁ, טָעַם — מַבְדִּיל, מִי שֶׁלֹּא קִידֵּשׁ בָּעֶרֶב שַׁבָּת — מְקַדֵּשׁ וְהוֹלֵךְ כׇּל הַיּוֹם כּוּלּוֹ, מִי שֶׁלֹּא הִבְדִּיל בְּמוֹצָאֵי שַׁבָּת — מַבְדִּיל וְהוֹלֵךְ כׇּל הַיּוֹם כּוּלּוֹ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Ameimar began this teaching of Rava in this** emended **formulation: Rava said:** The ***halakha*** is that one who **tasted** food before *kiddush* may **recite *kiddush*;** and one who **tasted** food before *havdala* may **recite *havdala*;** and **one who did not recite *kiddush* on Shabbat eve,** at night, may **recite *kiddush* any time** during **the entire day. One who did not recite *havdala* at the conclusion of Shabbat** may **recite *havdala* any time** during **the entire day** of Sunday, but no later.


###### Pesachim 107a:3
[Pesachim 107a:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Pesachim/r/107a:3)

אָמְרִי לֵיהּ מָר יָנוֹקָא וּמָר קַשִּׁישָׁא בְּרֵיהּ דְּרַב חִסְדָּא לְרַב אָשֵׁי: זִימְנָא חֲדָא אִיקְּלַע אַמֵּימָר לְאַתְרִין, וְלָא הֲוָה לַן חַמְרָא. אַיְיתִינָא לֵיהּ שִׁיכְרָא, וְלָא אַבְדֵּיל וּבָת טְווֹת. לִמְחַר, טְרַחְנָא וְאַיְיתִינָא לֵיהּ חַמְרָא, וְאַבְדֵּיל וּטְעֵים מִידֵּי. לְשָׁנָה תּוּ אִיקְּלַע לְאַתְרִין, לָא הֲוָה לַן חַמְרָא, אַיְיתִינָא שִׁיכְרָא, אָמַר: אִי הָכִי, חֲמַר מְדִינָה הוּא, אַבְדֵּיל וּטְעֵים מִידֵּי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara relates that **the Mar Yanuka,** the younger Mar, **and Mar Kashisha,** the elder Mar, both **sons of Rav Ḥisda, said to Rav Ashi: Once Ameimar happened to** come to **our place and we did not have wine** for *havdala*. **We brought him beer and he did not recite *havdala*, and he passed the night fasting,** as it is prohibited to eat before *havdala*. **The next day we exerted ourselves and brought him wine, and he recited *havdala* and tasted some** food. **The next year he again happened** to come **to our place.** Once again **we did not have wine** and **we brought** him **beer. He said: If so,** if it is so difficult to obtain wine in your place, beer **is the wine of the province. He recited *havdala*** over the beer **and tasted some** food.


###### Pesachim 107a:4
[Pesachim 107a:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Pesachim/r/107a:4)

שְׁמַע מִינַּהּ תְּלָת. שְׁמַע מִינַּהּ: הַמַּבְדִּיל בִּתְפִלָּה, צָרִיךְ שֶׁיַּבְדִּיל עַל הַכּוֹס. וּשְׁמַע מִינַּהּ: אָסוּר לוֹ לָאָדָם שֶׁיֹּאכַל קוֹדֶם שֶׁיַּבְדִּיל. וּשְׁמַע מִינַּהּ: מִי שֶׁלֹּא הִבְדִּיל בְּמוֹצָאֵי שַׁבָּת, מַבְדִּיל וְהוֹלֵךְ כׇּל הַשַּׁבָּת כּוּלּוֹ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara notes that one may **learn from** Ameimar’s conduct **three** *halakhot*: **Learn from it** that **one who recites *havdala* in the prayer** service **must recite *havdala*** again **over a cup,** as Ameimar had presumably recited the paragraph of *havdala* in his *Amida* prayer. **And learn from it** that **it is prohibited for a person to eat before he recites *havdala*. And learn from it** that **one who did not recite *havdala* at the conclusion of Shabbat** may **recite *havdala* anytime** during **the entire week,** i.e., during the first three days of the week.


###### Pesachim 107a:5
[Pesachim 107a:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Pesachim/r/107a:5)

בְּעָא מִינֵּיהּ רַב הוּנָא מֵרַב חִסְדָּא: מַהוּ לְקַדּוֹשֵׁי אַשִּׁיכְרָא? אָמַר: הַשְׁתָּא וּמָה פִּירְזוּמָא וּתְאֵינֵי וְאַסְנֵי דִּבְעַאי מִינֵּיהּ מֵרַב, וְרַב מֵרַבִּי חִיָּיא, וְרַבִּי חִיָּיא מֵרַבִּי, וְלָא פְּשַׁט לֵיהּ — שִׁיכְרָא מִיבַּעְיָא?!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
In the above story, Ameimar refused to recite *havdala* over beer. The Gemara addresses this issue at greater length. **Rav Huna raised a dilemma before Rav Ḥisda: What is** the *halakha* with regard to whether it is permitted **to recite *kiddush* over date beer? He said: Now, if** with regard to **barley beer, fig beer, and** beer produced from **berries, I raised a dilemma before Rav** as to whether or not they may be used for *kiddush*, **and Rav** had previously raised this dilemma **before Rabbi Ḥiyya, and Rabbi Ḥiyya** had inquired **of Rabbi** Yehuda HaNasi, **and he did not resolve it for him,** as he could not find a source that clearly permits it, **is it necessary to say that date beer,** which is inferior to those other types of beer, may not be used for *kiddush*?


###### Pesachim 107a:6
[Pesachim 107a:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Pesachim/r/107a:6)

סְבוּר מִינָּה קַדּוֹשֵׁי הוּא דְּלָא מְקַדְּשִׁינַן עִילָּוֵיהּ, אֲבָל אַבְדּוֹלֵי מַבְדְּלִינַן. אֲמַר לְהוּ רַב חִסְדָּא: הָכִי אָמַר רַב: כְּשֵׁם שֶׁאֵין מְקַדְּשִׁין עָלָיו, כָּךְ אֵין מַבְדִּילִין עָלָיו. אִיתְּמַר נָמֵי, אָמַר רַב תַּחְלִיפָא בַּר אֲבִימִי אָמַר שְׁמוּאֵל: כְּשֵׁם שֶׁאֵין מְקַדְּשִׁין עָלָיו, כָּךְ אֵין מַבְדִּילִין עָלָיו.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Those who heard this response **understood from it** that **it is *kiddush* that one** may **not recite over it, but one** may **recite *havdala*** over date beer. **Rav Ḥisda said to them** that **Rav said as follows: Just as one** may **not recite *kiddush* over** date beer, **so one** may **not recite *havdala* over it. It was also stated** that **Rav Taḥalifa bar Avimi said** that **Shmuel said: Just as one** may **not recite *kiddush* over** date beer, **so one** may **not recite *havdala* over it.**


###### Pesachim 107a:7
[Pesachim 107a:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Pesachim/r/107a:7)

לֵוִי שַׁדַּר לֵיהּ לְרַבִּי שִׁיכְרָא בַּר תְּלֵיסַר מְגָנֵי, טַעְמֵיהּ — הֲוָה בְּסִים טוּבָא, אֲמַר: כְּגוֹן זֶה רָאוּי לְקַדֵּשׁ עָלָיו וְלוֹמַר עָלָיו כׇּל שִׁירוֹת וְתוּשְׁבָּחוֹת שֶׁבָּעוֹלָם. בְּלֵילְיָא צַעֲרֵיהּ. אָמַר: מְיַסְּרָן וּמְפַיֵּיס.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara relates that **Levi sent Rabbi** Yehuda HaNasi **a beer of thirteen soakings,** i.e., thirteen batches of dates had been soaked in water until it had thoroughly absorbed the taste of the dates. This was considered a high-quality beer. Rabbi Yehuda HaNasi **tasted it** and **it was especially pleasant. He said:** A beer **like this is fit to recite *kiddush* over and to say upon it all the songs and praises in the world,** as it is as good as wine. **At night, it** disrupted his digestion and **caused him pain. He said: It pains** on the one hand **and soothes** on the other.


###### Pesachim 107a:8
[Pesachim 107a:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Pesachim/r/107a:8)

אָמַר רַב יוֹסֵף: אֶדּוֹר בָּרַבִּים דְּלָא אִישְׁתֵּי שִׁיכְרָא. אָמַר רָבָא: אִישְׁתֵּי מֵי זוּרְיוֹן וְלָא אִישְׁתֵּי שִׁיכְרָא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
With regard to the discomfort caused by beer, the Gemara cites related statements of *amora’im*. **Rav Yosef said: I will take a vow in public,** which cannot be nullified, **that I will not drink beer** due to its negative effects, despite the fact that beer was a popular beverage in Babylonia. **Rava said: I would** rather **drink water** used for **soaking** flax, **and I will not drink beer.**


###### Pesachim 107a:9
[Pesachim 107a:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Pesachim/r/107a:9)

וְאָמַר רָבָא: תֶּיהְוֵי שַׁקְיוּתֵיהּ שִׁיכְרָא מַאן דִּמְקַדֵּשׁ אַשִּׁיכְרָא. רַב, אַשְׁכְּחֵיהּ רַב הוּנָא דְּקַדֵּישׁ אַשִּׁיכְרָא, אֲמַר לֵיהּ: שָׁרֵי אַבָּא לְמִיקְנֵי אִיסְתֵּירֵי מִשִּׁיכְרָא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And Rava said: One who recites *kiddush* over beer, his** regular **drink should be beer.** In other words, the fitting punishment for one who recites *kiddush* over beer, the poor man’s drink in Babylonia, is for him to become poor himself and have to drink beer on a regular basis. The Gemara relates that **Rav** was **found** by **Rav Huna reciting *kiddush* over beer. He said to him: Abba,** Rav’s first name, **has started to acquire coins with beer.** As Rav recently began selling beer, it has become his favorite beverage, to the extent that he uses it for *kiddush*.


###### Pesachim 107a:10
[Pesachim 107a:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Pesachim/r/107a:10)

תָּנוּ רַבָּנַן: אֵין מְקַדְּשִׁין אֶלָּא עַל הַיַּיִן, וְאֵין מְבָרְכִין אֶלָּא עַל הַיַּיִן. אַטּוּ אַשִּׁיכְרָא וְאַמַּיָּא מִי לָא מְבָרְכִין עֲלַיְהוּ שֶׁהַכֹּל נִהְיֶה בִּדְבָרוֹ? אָמַר אַבָּיֵי, הָכִי קָאָמַר: אֵין אוֹמְרִים ״הָבֵא כּוֹס שֶׁל בְּרָכָה לְבָרֵךְ״ אֶלָּא עַל הַיַּיִן. תָּנוּ רַבָּנַן: אֵין מְקַדְּשִׁין עַל הַשֵּׁכָר. מִשּׁוּם רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר בַּר רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אָמְרוּ: מְקַדְּשִׁין.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**The Sages taught: One** may **recite *kiddush* only over wine, and one** may **recite blessings only over wine.** The Gemara expresses surprise: **Is that to say that one does not say the blessing: By Whose word all things [*shehakol*] came to be, over beer and water? Abaye said: This is** what the *baraita* **is saying: One only says: Bring a cup of blessing to recite the blessing** of Grace after Meals, **over wine. The Rabbis taught** in a *baraita*: **One** may **not recite *kiddush* over beer. In the name of Rabbi Elazar, son of Rabbi Shimon, they said** that **one** may **recite *kiddush*** over beer.


###### Pesachim 107a:11
[Pesachim 107a:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Pesachim/r/107a:11)

מַטְעֶימֶת יַיִן כׇּל שֶׁהוּא. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי בַּר יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר: מְלֹא לוּגְמָא. אָמַר רַב הוּנָא אָמַר רַב, וְכֵן תָּנֵי רַב גִּידֵּל דְּמִן נָרֶשׁ: הַמְקַדֵּשׁ וְטָעַם מְלֹא לוּגְמָא — יָצָא, וְאִם לָאו — לֹא יָצָא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
With regard to the *halakha* that one who recites *kiddush* must drink from the cup, the Gemara states that one fulfills the mitzva of *kiddush* **by tasting any amount of wine. Rabbi Yosei, son of Yehuda, says** that one must drink at least **a cheekful. Rav Huna said** that **Rav said, and Rav Giddel from** the city of **Neresh likewise teaches: One who recites *kiddush* and tastes a cheekful has fulfilled** his obligation, **and if not,** he **has not fulfilled** his obligation.


###### Pesachim 107a:12
[Pesachim 107a:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Pesachim/r/107a:12)

אָמַר רַב נַחְמָן בַּר יִצְחָק: אֲנָא תְּנֵינָא לַהּ לָא גִּידּוֹל בַּר מְנַשְּׁיָא וְלָא גִּידּוֹל בַּר מִנְיוֹמֵי אֶלָּא גִּידּוֹל סְתָמָא. לְמַאי נָפְקָא מִינַּהּ? לְמִירְמָא דִּידֵיהּ אַדִּידֵיהּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Naḥman bar Yitzḥak said: I teach this** *baraita* in a precise manner, and I do **not** mention **Giddul bar Menashya, nor Giddul bar Minyumei, but rather** the **plain** name **Giddul,** without any identifying moniker. The Gemara asks: **What is** the **practical difference** in Rav Giddel’s name? The Gemara answers: **To raise a contradiction** between one of **his** rulings and another one of **his** rulings. Since it is not clear exactly which Sage issued this ruling, it is impossible to prove that he reversed or contradicted his opinion in a later statement.


###### Pesachim 107a:13
[Pesachim 107a:13](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Pesachim/r/107a:13)

סָמוּךְ לַמִּנְחָה. אִיבַּעְיָא לְהוּ: סָמוּךְ לְמִנְחָה גְּדוֹלָה תְּנַן, אוֹ דִילְמָא סָמוּךְ לְמִנְחָה קְטַנָּה תְּנַן?

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara returns to the mishna, which stated that it is prohibited to eat **adjacent to *minḥa* time** on Passover eve. **A dilemma was raised before** the Sages in the study hall: Did **we learn** in the mishna that it is prohibited to eat **adjacent to** the time of the **greater *minḥa* [*minḥa gedola*],** which is half an hour after midday, **or perhaps we learned** in the mishna that it is prohibited to eat **adjacent to** the time of the **lesser *minḥa* [*minḥa ketana*],** two and a half hours before sunset?


###### Pesachim 107a:14
[Pesachim 107a:14](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Pesachim/r/107a:14)

סָמוּךְ לְמִנְחָה גְּדוֹלָה תְּנַן — וּמִשּׁוּם פֶּסַח, דִּילְמָא אָתֵי לְמִימְּשַׁךְ,

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara elaborates: Did **we learn** in the mishna that it is prohibited to eat **adjacent to** the time of **the greater *minḥa*,** and this is **because of the Paschal lamb, lest one come to be drawn after** the meal and spend a long time eating, as was typical for large meals,