## Pesachim Daf 19a

###### Pesachim 19a:1
[Pesachim 19a:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Pesachim/r/19a:1)

בְּכׇל טָמֵא לֹא יֵאָכֵל״, מִי לָא עָסְקִינַן דְּנָגַע בְּשֵׁנִי. רְבִיעִי מִקַּל וָחוֹמֶר, כִּדְאָמְרִינַן.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**any impure thing shall not be eaten”** (Leviticus 7:19). **Are we not dealing** even with a case **where** meat **touched** an object that was ritually impure with **second-**degree ritual impurity? And nevertheless, the verse states explicitly that it is impure and assumes third-degree ritual impurity status. No other source is needed to teach that consecrated objects can assume third-degree ritual impurity status. Therefore, **fourth-**degree impurity status can be derived **by** means of the ***a fortiori*** inference, **as we stated** above.


###### Pesachim 19a:2
[Pesachim 19a:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Pesachim/r/19a:2)

וְאִי סָלְקָא דַעְתָּךְ סָבַר כְּרַבִּי עֲקִיבָא, נִיתְנֵי נָמֵי: רְבִיעִי בַּתְּרוּמָה וַחֲמִישִׁי בַּקּוֹדֶשׁ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara returns to its previous point: **And if it enters your mind** that Rabbi Yosei **holds in accordance with** the opinion of **Rabbi Akiva** that non-sacred objects can assume third-degree impurity status, **let him also teach** the *halakha* of the **fourth** degree of impurity **with regard to *teruma*, and** the **fifth** degree **with regard to consecrated** items, on the basis of that same *a fortiori* inference. The fact that he does not extend the *a fortiori* inference to include these *halakhot* proves that Rabbi Yosei does not agree with Rabbi Akiva’s opinion on this issue.


###### Pesachim 19a:3
[Pesachim 19a:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Pesachim/r/19a:3)

אֶלָּא רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא לָא סָבַר כְּרַבִּי יוֹסֵי מְנָלַן?

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**However,** with regard to the fact that **Rabbi Akiva does not hold in accordance with** the opinion of **Rabbi Yosei, from where do we** derive this? Perhaps he accepts Rabbi Yosei’s *a fortiori* inference and holds that *teruma* assumes fourth-degree impurity status and consecrated items assume fifth-degree impurity status.


###### Pesachim 19a:4
[Pesachim 19a:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Pesachim/r/19a:4)

אֲמַר לֵיהּ: דְּלָא לִישְׁתְּמִיט תַּנָּא וְלִיתְנֵי רְבִיעִי בַּתְּרוּמָה וַחֲמִישִׁי בַּקּוֹדֶשׁ, וְנֵימָא רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא הִיא. וַאֲנַן אַהָכִי נֵיקוּם וְנִסְמוֹךְ?!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Rav Kahana **said to** Rav Ashi that there is indirect proof that this is the case. **As it is not** possible **to avoid** finding at least one ***tanna* who teaches fourth-**degree impurity with regard to ***teruma*** and fifth-degree impurity with regard to **consecrated** items, **and says** that **this is** the opinion of **Rabbi Akiva,** who derived it from the *a fortiori* inference of Rabbi Yosei. In response to this claim, the Gemara asks: **And will we stand and rely on that** proof? Can proof for Rabbi Akiva’s opinion be cited from the fact that no such *tanna* was found? Perhaps there is some source for that *halakha*.


###### Pesachim 19a:5
[Pesachim 19a:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Pesachim/r/19a:5)

נְפַק רַב אָשֵׁי, וְאִי תֵּימָא רַב כָּהֲנָא, דַּק וְאַשְׁכַּח הָא דִּתְנַן: הַכְּלִי מְצָרֵף אֶת מַה שֶּׁבְּתוֹכוֹ לַקּוֹדֶשׁ, אֲבָל לֹא לַתְּרוּמָה. וְהָרְבִיעִי בַּקּוֹדֶשׁ פָּסוּל, וְהַשְּׁלִישִׁי בַּתְּרוּמָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Ashi, and some say** it was **Rav Kahana, left** the study hall to examine this matter. **He analyzed** the issue **and found** proof positive that Rabbi Akiva does not hold that there is fifth-degree impurity with regard to consecrated items. He proved this from **that which we learned** in a mishna: **A vessel joins that which is in it** into a single unit. For example, if there are fruits in a vessel between which there is no contact and one of them became ritually impure, all of the fruits are impure, as they are joined by the vessel. This principle applies **with regard to consecrated property, but not with regard to *teruma*. And the fourth** degree of impurity **disqualifies consecrated** items but does not transmit impurity, **while third-**degree impurity disqualifies ***teruma*.**


###### Pesachim 19a:6
[Pesachim 19a:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Pesachim/r/19a:6)

וְאָמַר רַבִּי חִיָּיא בַּר אַבָּא אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן: מֵעֵדוּתוֹ שֶׁל רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא נִשְׁנֵית מִשְׁנָה זוֹ. (דְּתַנְיָא:) הוֹסִיף רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא הַסּוֹלֶת וְהַקְּטוֹרֶת וְהַלְּבוֹנָה וְהַגֶּחָלִים, שֶׁאִם נָגַע טְבוּל יוֹם בְּמִקְצָתָן פָּסַל אֶת כּוּלָּן.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And Rabbi Ḥiyya bar Abba said** that **Rabbi Yoḥanan said:** It is **from the testimony of Rabbi Akiva** that **this mishna is taught, as it was taught** in a *baraita*: **Rabbi Akiva added** in his testimony with regard to **the** fine **flour, the incense, the frankincense, and the coals** on the altar, which are not foods and do not ordinarily become impure, **that if** a person **who immersed during that day,** who disqualifies consecrated items, **touches some of them, he disqualifies all of them,** as the vessel joins them into one unit.


###### Pesachim 19a:7
[Pesachim 19a:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Pesachim/r/19a:7)

רְבִיעִי אִין, חֲמִישִׁי לָא. שְׁלִישִׁי אִין, רְבִיעִי לָא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
This *baraita*, which is the opinion of Rabbi Akiva, states that with regard to **fourth-**degree impurity, **yes,** consecrated objects assume that status; however, with regard to **fifth-**degree impurity, **no,** consecrated objects do not assume that status. With regard to **third-**degree impurity, **yes,** *teruma* assumes that status; however, with regard to **fourth-**degree impurity, **no,** *teruma* does not assume that status.


###### Pesachim 19a:8
[Pesachim 19a:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Pesachim/r/19a:8)

אַלְמָא קָסָבַר: צֵירוּף דְּרַבָּנַן. וּפְלִיגָא דְּרַבִּי חָנִין, דְּאָמַר: צֵירוּף דְּאוֹרָיְיתָא, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״כַּף אַחַת עֲשָׂרָה זָהָב מְלֵאָה קְטֹרֶת״, הַכָּתוּב עָשָׂה כׇּל מַה שֶּׁבַּכַּף אַחַת.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara comments: **Apparently,** Rabbi Yoḥanan **holds** that **joining** in a single vessel, of frankincense, incense, or coals, is a *halakha* **by rabbinic law,** not by Torah law, as the ritual impurity of frankincense and coals is by rabbinic law. **And** Rabbi Yoḥanan **disputes that** statement of **Rabbi Ḥanin, who said: Joining** in a vessel is a *halakha* **by Torah law, as it is stated: “One golden spoon of ten shekels, filled with incense”** (Numbers 7:20). **The verse rendered everything in the spoon,** i.e., all the incense, as **one** entity.


###### Pesachim 19a:9
[Pesachim 19a:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Pesachim/r/19a:9)

תְּנַן הָתָם: עַל מַחַט שֶׁנִּמְצֵאת בַּבָּשָׂר, שֶׁהַסַּכִּין וְהַיָּדַיִם — טְהוֹרוֹת, וְהַבָּשָׂר טָמֵא. נִמְצֵאת בַּפֶּרֶשׁ — הַכֹּל טָהוֹר. אָמַר רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא: זָכִינוּ שֶׁאֵין טוּמְאַת יָדַיִם בַּמִּקְדָּשׁ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Apropos ritual purity and impurity in the Temple, the Gemara cites that **we learned** in a mishna **there:** The Sages testified **about** the case of **a needle that was found in the meat** of an animal that was led through water, **that the knife and the hands** that touched the needle **are ritually pure but the meat is impure,** as the needle might have been impure. If the needle **was found in the secretions** of the animal’s stomach, **everything is pure,** as secretions do not transfer impurity to the meat. **Rabbi Akiva said: We were privileged** to learn a novel *halakha* from here, which is **that there is no impurity of hands in the Temple** as in this case the hands did not become impure upon contact with the needle.