## Radak on I Chronicles Chapter 15

###### Radak on I Chronicles 15:12:1
[Radak on I Chronicles 15:12:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Radak%20on%20I%20Chronicles/r/15:12:1)

**אל הכינותי לו.** פי': אל המקום אשר הכינותי לו. וכן "מהשלל הביאו" (דה"ב טו,יא): אשר הביאו; ואחרים זולתם, כמו שהבאתי אותם בספר המכלל בחלק הראשון מן הספר (נ.):

**The Commentary of Radak to Chronicles: A Translation with Introduction and Supercommentary, by Yitzhak Berger, Brown University, 2007:**
**To *hakhinoti lo*.** This means: to the place *asher hakhinoti lo* (=that I have prepared for it). Similarly, “from the spoils *hevi’u*” (2 Chr 15:11) means *asher hevi’u* (=that they brought). There are others like these, which I have cited in the *Mikhlol* in the first section of the book (50a).


###### Radak on I Chronicles 15:13:1
[Radak on I Chronicles 15:13:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Radak%20on%20I%20Chronicles/r/15:13:1)

**כי למבראשונה לא אתם.** כלומ': לא הייתם אתם בראשונה כשנשאנו אותו מבית אבינדב; לפיכך **פרץ יי' אלהינו בנו**, **כי לא דרשנוהו כמשפט**, כי המשפט כמו שכת' בתורת משה לשאת אותו הלוים בכתפם במוטות (במ' ז,ט). ומ"ם "למבראשונה" פתוחה, ומשפטה בחר"ק על המנהג; וכן "לא התקדשו למַדי" (דה"ב ל,ג), "חלקו מַחמאות פיו" (תה' נה,כב):

**The Commentary of Radak to Chronicles: A Translation with Introduction and Supercommentary, by Yitzhak Berger, Brown University, 2007:**
**For the first time not you (*ki le-ma-ba-rishonah lo attem*).** This means: You were not there the first time, when we carried [the Ark] out of Abinadab’s house. So **the Lord our God burst out against us, because we did not set out to obtain it (*lo derashnuhu*) according to the law**—for the law provides that the Levites carry it on their shoulders with a carrying frame, as it says in the Torah of Moses (Num 7:9). The *mem* in *le-ma-ba-rishonah* has a *pataḥ*, though as a rule, it should properly take a *ḥireq*. The same is true for “they did not sanctify themselves *le-ma-day* (=in great enough numbers)” (2 Chr 30:3), and for “His words were smoother *ma-ḥama’ot* (מחמאות; =than butter)” (Ps 55:22).


###### Radak on I Chronicles 15:18:1
[Radak on I Chronicles 15:18:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Radak%20on%20I%20Chronicles/r/15:18:1)

**אחיהם המשנים.** שניים להם, כמו "משנה למלך" (אס' י,ג), כמו שאמר "אסף הראש ומשנהו זכריה" וגו' (דה"א טז,ה):

**The Commentary of Radak to Chronicles: A Translation with Introduction and Supercommentary, by Yitzhak Berger, Brown University, 2007:**
**Their kinsmen of second rank.** [This means]: second in rank *to them*—as in “second in rank to the king” (Esth 10:3)—as it says, “Asaph the chief, Zechariah the second *to him* in rank …” (1 Chr 16:5).


###### Radak on I Chronicles 15:18:2
[Radak on I Chronicles 15:18:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Radak%20on%20I%20Chronicles/r/15:18:2)

**זכריה בן.** כן היה שמו: "בן"; וכן פרש אדני אבי ז"ל (ספר הגלוי, תשובה יא) "לַבֵּן" הנזכר בספר תהלים (ט,א) כי על זה המשורר אמ', שהוא נגן אותו המזמור שעשה דוד על מות גלית ונצוח פלשתים. ואע"פ שלמ"ד "לבן" פתוחה שתורה על ה"א הידיעה, וה"א הידיעה לא תבא על שם אדם, בא זה כן בה"א הידיעה להודיע כי הוא המשורר; כי אם היה אומר "לְבֵן" היה דומה מן "בנים":

**The Commentary of Radak to Chronicles: A Translation with Introduction and Supercommentary, by Yitzhak Berger, Brown University, 2007:**
**Zechariah, *Ben*.** That was his name: “Ben.” This is also how my master, my father, of blessed memory (*Sefer Ha-Galuy* 11), explained *la-Ben* in the book of Psalms (9:1); that is, it refers to this musician, who played that psalm, composed by David on the death of Goliath and the defeat of the Philistines. Even though the *lamed* of *la-Ben* has a *pataḥ* that serves the function of a definite *hei*, and a definite *hei* does not belong with the name of a person, the function of this particular definite *hei* is to clarify that *Ben* refers to the musician. For had the text said *le-Ben*, it would have seemed as though [the noun] was related to *banim* (=sons).


###### Radak on I Chronicles 15:18:3
[Radak on I Chronicles 15:18:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Radak%20on%20I%20Chronicles/r/15:18:3)

**השערים.** שהיו שוערים לארן אחר שהציגו הארן באהל אשר נטה לו דוד (להלן א טז,א); או היו שוערים מתחלה כשהיה הארן בשלה ובנב ובגבעון:

**The Commentary of Radak to Chronicles: A Translation with Introduction and Supercommentary, by Yitzhak Berger, Brown University, 2007:**
**The gatekeepers.** For they guarded the Ark after it was placed in the tent that David pitched for it (1 Chr 16:1). Alternatively, they had *originally* been gatekeepers, when the Ark was in Shiloh, Nob, and Gibeon.


###### Radak on I Chronicles 15:22:1
[Radak on I Chronicles 15:22:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Radak%20on%20I%20Chronicles/r/15:22:1)

**יסר במשא כי מבין הוא.** פי': לבד חכמת השיר שהיתה לו, היה שר וגדול בנבואה כי מבין הוא. ויש מפרש': בהגבהת הקול, מן "וישא את קולו" (בר' כט,יא), כלומ' שהיה שר וגדול על כלם בנשיאות הקול בשיר. ו"יסר" כת' בסמ"ך, והוא כמו בשי"ן; וכן "כולם סרי סררים" (יר' ו,כח) כמו "שרי" בשי"ן:

**The Commentary of Radak to Chronicles: A Translation with Introduction and Supercommentary, by Yitzhak Berger, Brown University, 2007:**
***Yasor* (יסר) *ba-massa*** **(=[Chenaniah] distinguished himself in prophetic inspiration), for he was a master.** This means: Besides the musical talent that he had, he was a leader of distinction (*sar* [שר] *ve-gadol*) in prophetic inspiration, for he was a master. But some (cf. Pseudo-Rashi) explain this to mean “with the power of his voice,” in the same sense as “*vayyissa* (=he raised) his voice” (Gen 29:11); that is, he distinguished himself above all the rest with the power of his singing voice. *Yasor* is spelled with a *samekh*; but it is as though it had a *sin*. Similarly, “They are all *sarei* (סרי; =officers of) deviance” (Jer 6:28) is equivalent to שרי, with a *sin*.


###### Radak on I Chronicles 15:24:1
[Radak on I Chronicles 15:24:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Radak%20on%20I%20Chronicles/r/15:24:1)

**מחצצרים.** כת' בשתי צד"ין, והראשונה נקראת והשניה איננה נקראת. וכן "יששכר" (בר' ל,יח) – השי"ן הראשונה נקראת והשניה איננה נקראת, וכן "ומחייאל ילד את מתושאל" (בר' ד,יח), וכן "יראייה בן שלמיה" (יר' לז,יג) – היו"ד הראשונה נקראת והשנייה אינה נקראת:

**The Commentary of Radak to Chronicles: A Translation with Introduction and Supercommentary, by Yitzhak Berger, Brown University, 2007:**
***Maḥṣerim* (מחצצרים; =would sound).** This is spelled with two *ṣadei*s, the first one pronounced, the second one unpronounced. The same is true for *Yissakhar* (ישָשכר; =Issachar; Gen 30:18): the first *sin* is pronounced, the second one unpronounced. And the same for “*u-Meḥiyya’el* (ומחיָיאל; =and Mehujael) begot Methuseal” (Gen 4:18) and “*Yir’iyyah* (יראיָיה; =Irijah) son of Shelemiah” (Jer 37:13): the first *yod* is pronounced, the second one unpronounced.


###### Radak on I Chronicles 15:24:2
[Radak on I Chronicles 15:24:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Radak%20on%20I%20Chronicles/r/15:24:2)

**ויחיה.** הוא יעיאל שזכר למעלה (פס' יח), ושני שמות היו לו:

**The Commentary of Radak to Chronicles: A Translation with Introduction and Supercommentary, by Yitzhak Berger, Brown University, 2007:**
**And Jehiah.** This is the same as Jeiel mentioned above (v. 18): he had two names.


###### Radak on I Chronicles 15:24:3
[Radak on I Chronicles 15:24:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Radak%20on%20I%20Chronicles/r/15:24:3)

**שערים לארון.** כלומ': אע"פ שהיו שוערים, היו גם כן משוררים:

**The Commentary of Radak to Chronicles: A Translation with Introduction and Supercommentary, by Yitzhak Berger, Brown University, 2007:**
**Gatekeepers for the Ark.** That is, even though they were gatekeepers, they also were musicians.


###### Radak on I Chronicles 15:26:1
[Radak on I Chronicles 15:26:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Radak%20on%20I%20Chronicles/r/15:26:1)

**ויהי בעזר האלהים את הלוים.** בי"ת "בעזר" בסגו"ל; ומשפטה בפת"ח על המנהג. וטעם "בעזר": שלא נכשלו בנשאם הארן כאשר נכשלו בתחלה כשמת עזא. ודרשו רבותי' ז"ל: "בעזר" – מכאן שהארן נשא את עצמו. ובספר שמואל אומ' כאשר צעדו ששה צעדים זבחו זה הזבח (ש"ב ו,יג):

**The Commentary of Radak to Chronicles: A Translation with Introduction and Supercommentary, by Yitzhak Berger, Brown University, 2007:**
**As God helped (*be‘zor ha-Elohim*) the Levites.** The *bet* of *be‘zor* has a *segol*, though as a rule, it should properly take a *pataḥ*. This “help” refers to their not having committed any violations when carrying the Ark, the way they had earlier when Uzza died. But our Sages, of blessed memory (cf. b. Sotah 35a), explain midrashically that this implies that the Ark carries itself. In the book of Samuel, the text says that they would offer this sacrifice after walking six steps (2 Sam 6:13).


###### Radak on I Chronicles 15:27:1
[Radak on I Chronicles 15:27:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Radak%20on%20I%20Chronicles/r/15:27:1)

**מכרבל במעיל בוץ.** מעוטף; וכן בארמית: "פטשיהון וכרבלתהון" (דנ' ג,כא). ו"מעיל בוץ" שאומר הנה הוא אפוד בד שאומר בספר שמואל (שם פס' יד). ויונתן תרגם "אפוד בד" – "כרדוט דבוץ", ותרגם "כי כן תלבשנה בנות המלך הבתולות מעילים" (שם יג,יח) – "כרדוטין":

**The Commentary of Radak to Chronicles: A Translation with Introduction and Supercommentary, by Yitzhak Berger, Brown University, 2007:**
***Mekhurbal* in a *me‘il buṣ* (=linen cloak).**[*Mekhurbal* means that David was] wrapped; compare the Aramaic *patteshehon ve-karbelatehon* (=their trousers and hats; Dan 3:21). The *me‘il buṣ* that the text mentions here is the same as the *efod bad* (=linen ephod) that it mentions in the book of Samuel (2 Sam 6:14). Targum Jonathan in fact renders *efod bad* as *kardot de-buṣ*. And [in the case of] “for maiden princesses were customarily dressed in *me‘ilim*” (2 Sam 13:18), he renders *kardotin*.


###### Radak on I Chronicles 15:27:2
[Radak on I Chronicles 15:27:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Radak%20on%20I%20Chronicles/r/15:27:2)

**וכנניה השר המשא.** חסר הנסמך: "השר שר המשא"; וכן "הארון הברית" (יה' ג,יד), ואחרים זולתם:

**The Commentary of Radak to Chronicles: A Translation with Introduction and Supercommentary, by Yitzhak Berger, Brown University, 2007:**
**And Chenaniah *ha-sar ha-massa*.** The genitive noun is elided: this means *ha-sar sar ha-massa* (=the chief, chief for prophetic inspiration). The same is true for “*ha-aron ha-berit* (=the Ark, [the Ark of] the Covenant)” (Jos 3:14), and others like these.


###### Radak on I Chronicles 15:28:1
[Radak on I Chronicles 15:28:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Radak%20on%20I%20Chronicles/r/15:28:1)

**משמיעים בנבלים.** פי': משמיעים קול:

**The Commentary of Radak to Chronicles: A Translation with Introduction and Supercommentary, by Yitzhak Berger, Brown University, 2007:**
***Mashmi‘im* (=causing to be heard) on harps.** This means: *mashmi‘im qol* (=causing sounds to be heard; =playing music).