## Rashi on Amos Chapter 4

###### Rashi on Amos 4:1:1
[Rashi on Amos 4:1:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Amos/r/4:1:1)

**פָּרוֹת הַבָּשָׁן.** נְשֵׁי הַשָּׂרִים וְהַסְּגָנִים, וְיוֹנָתָן תִּרְגֵּם: עֲתִּירֵי נִכְסַיָּא:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**cows of Bashan**—This refers to the wives of the princes and the officers. *Jonathan* renders: wealthy in property.


###### Rashi on Amos 4:2:1
[Rashi on Amos 4:2:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Amos/r/4:2:1)

**וְנִשָּׂא אֶתְכֶם בְּצִנּוֹת.** וְיִטְלוּן יָתְכוֹן עַמְמַיָּא עַל תְּרִיסֵיהוֹן:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and you shall be borne on shields** Heb. בְּצִנּוֹת. And the nations shall bear you on their shields.


###### Rashi on Amos 4:2:2
[Rashi on Amos 4:2:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Amos/r/4:2:2)

**וְאַחֲרִיתְכֶן בְּסִירוֹת דּוּגָה.** וּבְנָתֵיכוֹן בְּדוּגִית צַיָּדִין. הִיא סְפִינָה קְטַנָּה שֶׁל צַיָּדֵי דָגִים, וּלְפִי שֶׁקְּטַנָּה הִיא קוֹרֵא לָהּ סִיר, וְקוֹרֵא לָהּ בִּלְשׁוֹן מִשְׁנָה דּוּגִית בְּבָבָא בַּתְרָא. **וְאַחֲרִיתְכֶן** פֵּרַשׁ דּוֹנָשׁ בֶּן לַבְרַט: מָצִינוּ זַרְעוֹ שֶׁל אָדָם נִקְרָאִים אַחֲרִיתוֹ, כְּמוֹ "וּבְעָמְדוֹ תִּשָּׁבֵר מַלְכוּתוֹ וְתֵחָץ לְד' רוּחוֹת הַשָּׁמַיִם וְלֹא לְאַחֲרִיתוֹ" (דניאל יא:ד), כְּלוֹמַר וְלֹא יַנִּיחַ מַלְכוּתוֹ לִבְנוֹ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and your posterity in fishing boats** Heb. בְּסִירוֹת דּוּגָה. [*Jonathan* renders:] And your daughters in fishermen’s boats. That is a small boat used by fishermen, and, since it is small, he calls it סִיר, a pot, and in Mishnaic Hebrew, it is called דּוּגִית in *Baba Bathra* 73a. **your posterity** Heb. וְאַחֲרִיתְכֶן, lit., your end. Dunash ben Livrat (*Teshuvoth* p. 50): We find a person’s descendants called ‘his end.’ Cf. (Daniel 11:4) “And when he stands up, his kingdom shall be broken, and it shall be divided to the four winds of the heaven, and not to his posterity (לְאַחֲרִיתוֹ).” I.e, he will not leave over his kingdom to his son.


###### Rashi on Amos 4:3:1
[Rashi on Amos 4:3:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Amos/r/4:3:1)

**וּפְרָצִים תֵּצֶאנָה אִשָּׁה נֶגְדָּהּ.** וּבְפִרְצֵי הַחוֹמָה תֵּצֶאנָה שָׁם לָנוּס:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**And [through the] breaches they shall emerge, each woman straight before her**—And in the breaches of the wall they shall emerge there to flee.


###### Rashi on Amos 4:3:2
[Rashi on Amos 4:3:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Amos/r/4:3:2)

**אִשָּׁה נֶגְדָּהּ.** בַּפִּרְצָה שֶׁתִּמְצָא נֶגְדָּהּ, כְּמוֹ "וַיַּעֲלוּ כָל הָעָם אִישׁ נֶגְדּוֹ" (יהושע ו:כ), שֶׁיִּרְבּוּ פְרָצוֹת בַּחוֹמָה וְלֹא יִהְיוּ צְרִיכוֹת לְבַקֵּשׁ פְּתָחִים:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**each woman straight before her**—In the breach that she will find straight before her. Cf. (Josh. 6:5) “And the people shall go up, every man opposite him (נֶגְדוֹ),” for there will be many breaches, and they will not find it necessary to search for entrances.


###### Rashi on Amos 4:3:3
[Rashi on Amos 4:3:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Amos/r/4:3:3)

**וְהִשְׁלַכְתֶּנָה הַהַרְמוֹנָה.** וְהִשְׁלַכְתֶּן מֵעֲלֵיכֶן הַגֵּאוּת וְהַשְּׂרָרָה שֶׁנְּטַלְתֶּם, וּלְשׁוֹן אֲרָמִי הוּא בַּגְּמָרָא (בבא מציעא פג:): הַרְמָנָא דְמַלְכָּא הוּא צִוּוּי הַמֶּלֶךְ. וְיוֹנָתָן תִּרְגֵּם: וְיִגְלוֹן יַתְכוֹן לְהַלְּאָה מִן טוּרֵי חַרְמִינֵי, וְהֵם הָרֵי חֹשֶׁךְ, לְשׁוֹן חֹרֶב וְחָרְבָה:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and you shall cast off the haughtiness** Heb. הַהַרְמוֹנָה. And you shall cast off yourselves the haughtiness and the authority that you took. This is an Aramaism in the Talmud: (*Baba Mezia* 84) “הַרְמָנָה דְמַלְכָּא, It is the king’s command.” And *Jonathan* renders: “And they shall exile you beyond the טורֵי חַרְמִינֵי”. They are the mountains of darkness, an expression of destruction (חֵרֶם) and waste.


###### Rashi on Amos 4:4:1
[Rashi on Amos 4:4:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Amos/r/4:4:1)

**בֹּאוּ בֵית אֵל וְגוֹ'.** כְּאָדָם הָאוֹמֵר לְבֶן בְּלִיַּעַל: עֲשֵׂה עֲשֵׂה עַד שֶׁתִּתְמַלֵּא סְאָתְךָ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Come to Bethel etc.**—Like a man who says to a scoundrel, “Do [as you please] until your measure [of sin] is full.”


###### Rashi on Amos 4:4:2
[Rashi on Amos 4:4:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Amos/r/4:4:2)

(ד-ה) **וְהָבִיאוּ לַבֹּקֶר זִבְחֵיכֶם.** זֹאת אוֹמְרִים לָהֶם כּוֹמְרֵי הַבַּעַל: עֲבוֹדָה זָרָה וַתְרָנִית הִיא וְאֵינָהּ מַחְמֶרֶת עֲלֵיכֶם. הַתּוֹרָה אָמְרָה "לֹא יָלִין לַבֹּקֶר" (שמות כג:יח), אֲבָל לַעֲבוֹדָה זָרָה **וְהָבִיאוּ לַבֹּקֶר**. תּוֹרָה אָמְרָה בְּקָדָשִׁים קַלִּים "בְּיוֹם זִבְחֲכֶם יֵאָכֵל וּמִמָּחֳרָת" (ויקרא יט:ו), וַעֲבוֹדָה זָרָה **לְג' יָמִים** מַעְשַׂר בַּהֲמוֹתֵיכֶם. תּוֹרָה אָמְרָה "שְׂאֹר לֹא תַקְטִירוּ" (ויקרא ב:יא), וַעֲבוֹדָה זָרָה **וְקַטֵּר מֵחָמֵץ תּוֹדָה.** תּוֹרָה אָמְרָה "לֹא תְאַחֵר לְשַׁלְּמוֹ" (דברים כג:כב), וַעֲבוֹדָה זָרָה **וְקִרְאוּ נְדָבוֹת הַשְׁמִיעוּ**, הַזְכִּירוּ כָּל מִי שֶׁמִּתְנַדֵּב וְשָׁכַח יִתֵּן אֶל לִבּוֹ וְיִזְכּוֹר. וְיוֹנָתָן תִּרְגֵּם "וְקַטֵּר מֵחָמֵץ" מִן אוֹנֶס, כְּמוֹ "אַשְּׁרוּ חָמוֹץ" (ישעיהו א:יז), "מִכַּף מְעַוֵּל וְחוֹמֵץ" (תהלים עא:ד):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and bring your sacrifices in the morning**—The priests of Baal say to them, “Idolatry is liberal and does not impose stringent regulations upon you. The Torah states: (Exodus 34:25) ‘Shall not stay overnight,’ but for idolatry, ‘And bring in the morning. ’ The Torah states concerning sacrifices of lesser sanctity: (Lev. 19:6) ‘On the day of your sacrifice, it may be eaten, and on the morrow, ’ but idolatry, ‘after three days your tithes of cattle.’ The Torah states: (Lev. 2: 11) ‘Leaven... you shall not offer up,’ but idolatry, (verse 5) ‘And offer up a thanksgiving offering of leaven. ’ The Torah states: (Deut. 23:22) ‘You shall not delay its payment,’ but idolatry, ‘and proclaim and publish the free will offerings.’ Proclaim: ‘Whoever vowed and forgot, shall give it thought and remember.’” (*Yerushalemi, Avodah Zarah* 1:1) And *Jonathan* renders: And offer up from robbery. Cf. (Isa. 1: 17) “Strengthen the robbed (חָמוֹץ);” (Psalms 71:4) “From the hand of the unrighteous and the robbers (וּמְחַמֵּץ).”


###### Rashi on Amos 4:5:1
[Rashi on Amos 4:5:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Amos/r/4:5:1)

**וְקִרְאוּ נְדָבוֹת הַשְׁמִיעוּ.** בְּקוֹל זֶמֶר וְאָמְרוּ שֶׁקָּרְבָּן זֶה מְרֻצֶּה וּמְקֻבָּל בִּנְדָבָה, כֵּן תִּרְגֵּם יוֹנָתָן:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and proclaim and publish the freewill offerings**—with a song, and say that this sacrifice is desirable and acceptable as a freewill offering. So did *Jonathan* render.


###### Rashi on Amos 4:6:1
[Rashi on Amos 4:6:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Amos/r/4:6:1)

**נִקְיוֹן שִׁנַּיִם.** אַקְהָיוּת שִׁנַּיִם. דָּבָר אַחֵר: נִקְיוֹן שִׁנַּיִם זֶהוּ חֹסֶר אֲכִילַת בָּשָׂר שֶׁהוּא נִכְנָס בֵּין הַשִּׁנַּיִם, כְּמוֹ שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר "הַבָּשָׂר עוֹדֶנּוּ בֵּין שִׁנֵּיהֶם" (במדבר יא:לג):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Cleanness of teeth** Heb. נִקְיוֹן שִׁנַּיִם. Setting your teeth on edge. [I.e, they would have nothing to eat, and their teeth would be set on edge.] Another explanation: cleanness of teeth. This denotes the lack of meat, which goes between the teeth, as it is stated: (Num. 11:33) “The meat was still between their teeth.”


###### Rashi on Amos 4:7:1
[Rashi on Amos 4:7:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Amos/r/4:7:1)

**בְּעוֹד שְׁלֹשָׁה חֳדָשִׁים לַקָּצִיר.** עַד הַקָּצִיר, כְּלוֹמַר ג' חֳדָשִׁים לִפְנֵי הַקָּצִיר:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**when there were yet three months before the harvest**—Until the harvest. I.e, three months before the harvest.


###### Rashi on Amos 4:7:2
[Rashi on Amos 4:7:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Amos/r/4:7:2)

**חֶלְקָה.** בִּקְעַת שָׂדֶה קַמְפַּנְיָ"א בְּלַעַ"ז:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**field** Heb. חֶלְקָה, a fielded plain, campagne in French.


###### Rashi on Amos 4:7:3
[Rashi on Amos 4:7:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Amos/r/4:7:3)

**תַּמְטִיר.** תְּהֵא מְקוֹם מָטָר (תענית כ:), אָמַר מַר: שְׁתֵּיהֶן לִקְלָלָה, זוֹ תֵּרָקֵב וְזוֹ תִּיבַשׁ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**shall receive rain** Heb. תִמָּטֵר, shall be a place of rain. The master stated: Both of them are for a curse; this one will rot, and this one will wither. [from *Taanith* 6b]


###### Rashi on Amos 4:7:4
[Rashi on Amos 4:7:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Amos/r/4:7:4)

**וְחֶלְקָה אֲשֶׁר לֹא תַמְטִיר עָלֶיהָ.** לֹא תִרְאֶה נִמְטֶרֶת אֶת עַצְמָהּ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and the field upon which no rain shall fall**—That will not show itself rained upon.


###### Rashi on Amos 4:9:1
[Rashi on Amos 4:9:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Amos/r/4:9:1)

**הַרְבּוֹת גַּנּוֹתֵיכֶם.** שֶׁאַתֶּם עוֹסְקִים לְהַרְבּוֹת גַּנּוֹתֵיכֶם:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**the increase of your gardens**—That you are engaged in increasing your gardens.


###### Rashi on Amos 4:9:2
[Rashi on Amos 4:9:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Amos/r/4:9:2)

**יֹאכַל הַגָּזָם.** אָכַל הַגָּזָם:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**the shearing locust has devoured** Heb. יֹאכַל, lit., shall devour. Has devoured.


###### Rashi on Amos 4:10:1
[Rashi on Amos 4:10:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Amos/r/4:10:1)

**בְּדֶרֶךְ מִצְרַיִם.** כְּדֶרֶךְ שֶׁשָּׁלַחְתִּי עֲלֵיכֶם בַּמִּדְבָּר בְּצֵאתְכֶם מִמִּצְרַיִם:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**after the manner of Egypt**—Just as I sent upon you in the desert when you left Egypt.


###### Rashi on Amos 4:10:2
[Rashi on Amos 4:10:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Amos/r/4:10:2)

**עִם שְׁבִי סוּסֵיכֶם.** שֶׁיֵּהָרְגוּ גַּם הַסּוּסִים:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**with the captivity of your horses**—For they slay the horses as well.


###### Rashi on Amos 4:10:3
[Rashi on Amos 4:10:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Amos/r/4:10:3)

**וָאַעֲלֶה בְּאֹשׁ מַחֲנֵיכֶם.** רֵיחַ פִּגְרֵיכֶם מַבְאִישׁ בְּאַפְּכֶם, הֶעֱלֵיתִי אוֹתוֹ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and I caused the stench of your camps to rise**—The smell of your corpses would raise a stench, and I caused it to rise into your nostrils.


###### Rashi on Amos 4:11:1
[Rashi on Amos 4:11:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Amos/r/4:11:1)

**כְּאוּד.** טִיסוֹ"ן בְּלַעַ"ז, כְּלוֹמַר שְׁחוֹרִים וַחֲשׁוּכִים וְקוֹדְרִים:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**like a brand** Heb. כְּאוּד, tison in French, an ember; i.e, black and dark and burnt black.


###### Rashi on Amos 4:12:1
[Rashi on Amos 4:12:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Amos/r/4:12:1)

**לָכֵן.** יַעַן אֲשֶׁר לֹא שַׁבְתֶּם עָדַי:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Therefore**—Since you did not return to Me.


###### Rashi on Amos 4:12:2
[Rashi on Amos 4:12:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Amos/r/4:12:2)

**כֹּה אֶעֱשֶׂה לְךָ.** כְּכָל הָרָעוֹת הָאֵלֶּה:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**because I will do this to you**—as all these evils.


###### Rashi on Amos 4:12:3
[Rashi on Amos 4:12:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Amos/r/4:12:3)

**עֵקֶב.** כִּי אַתָּה שׁוֹמֵעַ מִפִּי נְבִיאַי אֲשֶׁר זֹאת אֶעֱשֶׂה לְךָ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**because**—Since you hear from the mouth of My prophets that I will do this to you.


###### Rashi on Amos 4:12:4
[Rashi on Amos 4:12:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Amos/r/4:12:4)

**הִכּוֹן לִקְרַאת.** לָשׁוּב מֵרִשְׁעָתְךָ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**prepare to meet Me**—to repent of your wickedness.


###### Rashi on Amos 4:13:1
[Rashi on Amos 4:13:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Amos/r/4:13:1)

**מַה שֵּׂחוֹ.** כָּל מַעֲשָׂיו פּוֹרְטִין לְפָנָיו בִּשְׁעַת מִיתָתוֹ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**what his speech is**—All his deeds are related in detail before him at the time of his death.


###### Rashi on Amos 4:13:2
[Rashi on Amos 4:13:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Amos/r/4:13:2)

**עוֹשֶׂה שַׁחַר.** לַצַּדִּיקִים כְּאוֹר נוֹגַהּ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**He makes dawn**—for the righteous like a bright light.


###### Rashi on Amos 4:13:3
[Rashi on Amos 4:13:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Amos/r/4:13:3)

**עֵיפָה.** הוֹפֵךְ נוֹגְהָן שֶׁל רְשָׁעִים לְחֹשֶׁךְ אֲפֵלָה, כְּמוֹ "וְהִנֵּה צָרָה וַחֲשֵׁכָה מְעוּף צוּקָה" (ישעיהו ח:כב), וְכֵן "אֶרֶץ עֵיפָתָה תְּעוּפָה כַּבֹּקֶר תִּהְיֶה" (איוב י:כב), "חָשְׁכְּךָ כַּבֹּקֶר יְהִי מֵאִיר" (איוב יא:יז):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**darkness**—He turns the brightness of the wicked into darkness. Cf. (Isa. 8:22) “And behold, distress and darkness, darkness (מְעוּף) of oppression.” Similarly, (Job 10:22) “Land of darkness (עֵפָתָה)”; (ibid. 11:17) “Darkness (תָּעֻפָה) shall be like morning.” Your darkness shall shine like the morning.


###### Rashi on Amos 4:13:4
[Rashi on Amos 4:13:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Amos/r/4:13:4)

**וְדוֹרֵךְ עַל בָּמֳתֵי אָרֶץ.** מַשְׁפִּיל גְּבוֹהִים וְגַסֵּי הָרוּחַ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and treads upon the high places of the earth**—He humbles the high and haughty.