## Rashi on Avodah Zarah Daf 63b

###### Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:1:1
[Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:1:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Avodah%20Zarah/r/63b:1:1)

לא משום שביעית - שמא יקחו בו פירות שביעית מן החשוד למכרם ותניא במס' סוכה (דף לט.) אין מוסרין דמי פירות שביעית לעם הארץ יותר מג' סעודות:

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
Not because of Shevi‘it - Lest they take Shevi‘it produce from someone suspected of selling it. And it was taught in Sukkah (39a) One may not hand over the money of Shevi‘it produce to an am ha’aretz more than the value of three meals.


###### Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:1:2
[Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:1:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Avodah%20Zarah/r/63b:1:2)

ולא משום מעשר - דאם עמי הארץ הם ויקחו שאינו מעושר ונמצא זה מאכילו דהא איהו לא ספי להו מידי אלא פריטי יהב להו:

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
Nor because of ma‘aser (tithes) - For if they are amei ha’aretz and buy produce that is not tithed, it would turn out that this man causes them to eat untithed produce. But here he is not actually feeding them anything directly — he only gives them coins.


###### Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:1:3
[Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:1:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Avodah%20Zarah/r/63b:1:3)

ולא משום יין נסך - אם עובדי כוכבים הם ונמצא מאכילן יין נסך והרי מזונותיהן עליו ונהנה מיין נסך:

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
Nor because of yayin nesech (forbidden wine) - If they are gentiles, it would turn out he is causing them to drink yayin nesech, since he is responsible for their food, and thus he benefits from yayin nesech.


###### Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:2:1
[Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:2:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Avodah%20Zarah/r/63b:2:1)

ואני פורע - הוי איהו לוקח האיסור ומאכילו דהשתא לא סליק נפשיה מינייהו בפריטי:

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
And I will pay - He himself is (effectively) the one purchasing the prohibition and feeding them. For now he has not withdrawn himself from it with the coins.


###### Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:4:1
[Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:4:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Avodah%20Zarah/r/63b:4:1)

המקיפו - שרגיל אצלו בהקפה:

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
Who extends him credit - Who regularly extends him credit.


###### Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:4:2
[Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:4:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Avodah%20Zarah/r/63b:4:2)

דמשעבד ליה - האי בעל הבית משעתא דיהיב חנוני פירי והוי כנותן מיד ליד:

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
There is a lien on him - That employer: from the moment the shopkeeper gives produce [to the worker], it is as if he gave it directly into the workers’ hands.


###### Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:4:3
[Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:4:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Avodah%20Zarah/r/63b:4:3)

קני ליה דינר גביה - חנוני סמיך על זה שכבר הכיר בו שכל מקום שישנו הדינר קנוי לו לחנוני הלכך חליפי נינהו. אבל הנך דבי ר' ינאי כיון דהנך עניי דמוזפי להו פירי לאו חנוני הרגיל להקיפן נינהו לא סמכא דעתיה כולי האי ולא משתעבד להו דבי ר' ינאי הלכך כי פרע לאחר זמן לאו חליפי שביעית נינהו:

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
[The shopkeeper] acquires the dinar that is with him [the employer] - The shopkeeper relies on this, as he is familiar with him [the employer]. that wherever the dinar is located, it is acquired by the shopkeeper, therefore it is a proper exchange. But those in the case of the household of R. Yannai, since the poor who lend them the produce are not shopkeepers who regularly extend them credit, they do not rely to the same extent [as the shopkeepers in getting repaid], and there is no real lien on the household of R. Yannai. Therefore when they repay at a later time [after prohibition] it is not considered an exchange of Shevi'it produce


###### Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:5:1
[Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:5:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Avodah%20Zarah/r/63b:5:1)

אי הכי - דטעמא משום מקיפו הוא אבל אין מקיפו שרי:

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
If so - That the reason [it is forbidden] is the shopkeeper regularly gives him credit, but if he does not normally give credit it is permissible.


###### Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:5:2
[Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:5:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Avodah%20Zarah/r/63b:5:2)

אדתני - רישא דמהדר תנא בתר היתרא ולא אשכח אלא בצאו ואכלו בדינר זה דסליק מינייהו נפשיה בפריטי:

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
Why learn - In the first case, where the Tanna is looking for a case which is permitted, and only found the scenario of go out and eat with this dinar [that he hands to them] and thus removes himself with [handing over] these coins.


###### Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:5:3
[Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:5:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Avodah%20Zarah/r/63b:5:3)

ליפלוג ולתני - היתרא אפי' בדלא סליק וכגון צאו ואכלו ואני פורע ובחנוני שאין מקיפו דלא משתעבד ליה האי בעל הבית מידי וכ"ש היכי דנסתלק לגמרי:

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
Let there be a [narrower] differentiation and learn - The permitted scenario, even when he has not removed himself [entirely], for example in the case of go and out and I will pay, and where the shopkeeper does not normally extend him credit and therefore there is no lien on the employer. And all the more so [it will be permitted] where he removes himself entirely


###### Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:7:1
[Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:7:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Avodah%20Zarah/r/63b:7:1)

ותו חנוני שאין מקיפו - אי יהיב לשלוחיה דבעל הבית:

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
Further a shopkeeper who is not his credit-giver – If he gave [produce] to the householder’s messenger.


###### Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:7:2
[Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:7:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Avodah%20Zarah/r/63b:7:2)

מי לא משתעבד - ליה בעל הבית מהשתא דקא שרית להו לדבי ר' ינאי משום האי טעמא:

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
Does he not become obligated - to him [the shopkeeper]; the householder from that moment [of handing over the produce]. [And how is it] that you permitted the house of Rabbi Yannai based on this reasoning?


###### Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:7:3
[Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:7:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Avodah%20Zarah/r/63b:7:3)

והאמר רבא האומר לחבירו תן מנה לפלוני ויקנו נכסאי לך - באותו מנה ונתן:

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
And Rava said: One who says to his fellow, “Give a maneh to so-and-so, and my property shall be acquired to you - With that maneh and he gave it.


###### Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:7:4
[Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:7:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Avodah%20Zarah/r/63b:7:4)

קנה - הלוקח את נכסיו של זה ואע"ג דלא מטא הנאת האי מנה לידיה:

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
He acquires it - The purchaser, the [donors] property, even though the benefit of that maneh did not reach him.


###### Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:7:5
[Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:7:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Avodah%20Zarah/r/63b:7:5)

מדין ערב - מההוא דינר דמחייב ערב לשלומי ואע"ג דלא מטי הנאה לידיה. והאי נמי לא שנא אלמא אע"ג דלאו חנוני המקיפו הוא כי יהיב ליה לשלוחיה משתעבד ליה האי:

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
By the law of a guarantor - From that dinar {alternative text 'from that law'} that a guarantor becomes obligated to pay even though no benefit reached him. And here too it is the same. It follows, then, that even when it is not his regular shopkeeper, if he gave to his [the employer’s] messenger, the householder becomes obligated [from now].


###### Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:8:1
[Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:8:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Avodah%20Zarah/r/63b:8:1)

אלא אמר רבא - לא תיתני טעמא דברייתא משום שיעבודא ובמקיפו דאפילו אין מקיפו איכא שיעבודא ומיהו לדבי ר' ינאי לא תקשי דבין מקיפו בין אין מקיפו:

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
Rather, Rava said - Do not teach that the reason of the baraita was “because of the lien” (shi’abuda), and only when it is his regular shopkeeper. For even when it is not his regular shopkeeper, a lien exists. However as for the house of R. Yannai there is no difficulty, as whether it was a regular shopkeeper or not.


###### Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:8:2
[Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:8:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Avodah%20Zarah/r/63b:8:2)

אע"ג דמשעבדי ליה - נכסיה לשלומי:

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
Even though there is a lien - Assets to pay.


###### Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:8:3
[Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:8:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Avodah%20Zarah/r/63b:8:3)

כיון דלא מייחד שיעבודיה - שלא ייחד לו מיד מעות לכך לאו חליפין נינהו ולא מיתסר:

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
Since he did not designate a lien - He did not immediately designate money to him for this, it is not a proper exchange, and therefore the prohibition [of Shevi‘it does not transfer].


###### Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:9:1
[Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:9:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Avodah%20Zarah/r/63b:9:1)

ה"ג והכא אמר רב פפא ולא גרסינן אלא הכא דקתני חושש אמר רב פפא:

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
This is the correct version: 'And here Rav Pappa said' and we do not read 'Rather here the baraita says we are concerned says Rav Pappa'


###### Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:9:2
[Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:9:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Avodah%20Zarah/r/63b:9:2)

כשהקדים לו - בעל הבית דינר לחנוני קודם ששלח אצלו דהשתא מדבעל הבית קאכלי ואיסורא דידיה הוא:

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
When he advanced him - The employer a dinar to the shopkeeper before sending them [the workers] to him, that now they are eating directly from the employer’s money, and the prohibition is upon him.


###### Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:10:1
[Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:10:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Avodah%20Zarah/r/63b:10:1)

ואני פורע - הא כבר פרע:

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
And I will pay - He has already paid.


###### Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:10:2
[Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:10:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Avodah%20Zarah/r/63b:10:2)

ואני מחשב מבעי ליה - אני אעשה לו חשבון ממה שהקדמתי לו:

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
It should say and I will calculate - I will make a calculation from that which I have already given him.


###### Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:11:1
[Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:11:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Avodah%20Zarah/r/63b:11:1)

שנשא - מיד החנוני ונתן להם דהשתא איהו ספי להו איסורא ולאו משום פרעון דלאחר זמן הוא אלא דקננהו במשיכה ואשתכח שלקח יין נסך והשקהו לפועליו. אבל הנך דבי רבי ינאי כי שקלי פירי שעת היתר הוא וכי פרעו לאחר זמן בשעת איסור שביעית לאו חליפין נינהו לאיתפוסי:

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
That he handled - From the hands of the shopkeeper and gave to them, that now he is [directly] supplying them with the prohibited, and this is not because of the later payment, rather he acquires it with Meshicha (handling of the goods), and it transpires that he has taken possession of wine used for libation and given it to drink to his workers. But the house of R. Yannai when they take possession of the produce it is at a permitted time, and when they subsequently compensate at the time Shevi'it is forbidden it is no longer considered an exchange that effects a transfer [of the restrictions]


###### Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:11:2
[Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:11:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Avodah%20Zarah/r/63b:11:2)

צאו - משמע שאינו הולך עמהן:

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
Go - Implies that he is not going with them (to the shop).


###### Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:12:1
[Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:12:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Avodah%20Zarah/r/63b:12:1)

לשבור ביין נסך - לשבר חבית ולשפוך את היין:

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
To break the yayin nesech - To break barrels, and to pour out the wine.


###### Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:12:2
[Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:12:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Avodah%20Zarah/r/63b:12:2)

מהו - שיהא שכרה מותר:

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
What is the law - That the wages are permitted?


###### Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:12:3
[Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:12:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Avodah%20Zarah/r/63b:12:3)

מי אמרינן כיון - דישראל זה רוצה בקיומן של חביות האלו שלא ישתברו עכשיו מאליהם עד שישברם הוא ויטול שכרם אסור:

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
Do we say since - That this Jew wants these barrels to remain intact, that the should not break by themselves, until he breaks them and takes payment it should be forbidden?


###### Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:13:1
[Rashi on Avodah Zarah 63b:13:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Avodah%20Zarah/r/63b:13:1)

אין עודרין - אין חופרין:

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
One may not hoe - May not dig