## Rashi on Ezekiel Chapter 23

###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:2:1
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:2:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:2:1)

**שְׁתַּיִם נָשִׁים.** ״תַּרְתֵּי מְדִינָן, דְּאִינוּן כְּתַרְתֵּין נְשִׁין״ (תרגום יונתן):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**two women** Two states, which are like two women.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:2:2
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:2:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:2:2)

**בְּנוֹת אֵם אֶחָת.** שְׁתֵּיהֶן מִכְּנֶסִיָּה אַחַת, נֶחְלְקוּ לִשְׁתַּיִם בִּימֵי רְחַבְעָם (מלכים א יב:א-יט):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**the daughters of one mother** The two of them were from one nation, separated into two in the days of Rehoboam.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:3:1
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:3:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:3:1)

**שָׁמָּה מֹעֲכוּ.** בְּנֵי מִצְרַיִם אֶת שְׁדֵיהֶם, לְשׁוֹן ״וּמָעוּךְ״ (ויקרא כב:כד):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**There...were pressed** [Heb. מֹעְכוּ]. The Egyptians [pressed] their bosoms, an expression of (Lev. 22: 24): “and anything that has been crushed (וּמַעוּךְ).”


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:3:2
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:3:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:3:2)

**וְשָׁם עָשׂוּ.** הַמִּצְרִיִּים אֶת **דַּדֵּי בְּתוּלֵיהֶן**; כְּלוֹמַר: לִמְּדוּם אֶת דַּרְכֵי תּוֹעֲבוֹתָם. **עָשׂוּ** – אִיטִיינִירִי״שׁ בְּלַעַ״ז:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and there they squeezed** The Egyptians [squeezed] their virgin breasts; i.e., they taught them the ways of their abominations. [Heb. עִשׂוּ,] eteyn[d]irent in Old French, they squeezed


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:4:1
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:4:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:4:1)

**וּשְׁמוֹתָן.** בְּכִנּוּי: **אָהֳלָה וְאָהֳלִיבָה**:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**And their names** i.e., their nicknames were Oholah and Oholibah.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:4:2
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:4:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:4:2)

**וּשְׁמוֹתָן.** הָרִאשׁוֹנִים: **שֹׁמְרוֹן** הִיא שֶׁאֲנִי מְכַנֶּה **אָהֳלָה**, שֶׁנַּעֲשֵׂית אֹהֶל מִתְּחִלָּה לְעֶגְלֵי יָרָבְעָם (מלכים א יב:כח-כט) וּבֵית הַבַּעַל לְאַחְאָב (מלכים א טז:לב); וְאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁשּׁוֹמְרוֹן לֹא נִבְנְתָה אֶלָּא בִּימֵי עָמְרִי (מלכים א טז:כג-כד), קוֹרֵא אֶת מַלְכֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל עַל שְׁמָהּ, שֶׁמִּשֶּׁנִּבְנֵית נַעֲשֵׂית רֹאשׁ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and their names** The original ones. Samaria is the one I nickname Oholah, for from the beginning she became a tent (אֹהֶל) for the calves of Jeroboam and for Ahab’s temple of Baal. Although Samaria was not built until the days of Omri, He calls the kings of Israel by its name, because as soon as it was built, it became the capital.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:4:3
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:4:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:4:3)

**אָהֳלִיבָה.** עַל שֵׁם שֶׁאָהֳלִי הָיָה בָהּ וּמִקְדָּשִׁי:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Oholibah** Because My tent (אֹהֹלִי) was in her (בָה), and My sanctuary.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:5:1
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:5:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:5:1)

**וַתַּעְגַּב.** וַתִּתְאַוֶּה; אִישְׁוִויי״ר בְּלַעַ״ז; לָשׁוֹן אַחֵר: דִּישְׁשִׁירִי״ר:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and she lusted** [Heb. וַתַּעְגַּב,] and she lusted, esvayer or eswaier in Old French, to covet, to lust after. Some editions read: desirer, to desire.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:5:2
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:5:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:5:2)

**אֶל אַשּׁוּר קְרוֹבִים.** שֶׁהָיוּ שְׁכֵנִים לָהּ, וְשָׁלְחוּ לָהֶם לִהְיוֹת לָהֶם לְעֵזֶר; זֶה הָיָה מְנַחֵם בֶּן גָּדִי (מלכים ב טו:יט) שֶׁנָּתַן מַס לְפוּל מֶלֶךְ אַשּׁוּר ״לִהְיוֹת יָדוֹ אִתּוֹ לְהַחֲזִיק הַמַּמְלָכָה בְּיָדוֹ״. וְהַנָּבִיא מְדַמֶּה הַדָּבָר לְאִשָּׁה מְנָאֶפֶת, שֶׁאִם הָיוּ עוֹבְדִים לְהַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא, לֹא נִצְטָרְכוּ לְמַלְכֵי אַשּׁוּר:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**for the Assyrians, who were nearby** Who were her neighbors, and they sent to them [requesting that they] aid them. This is Menachem the son of Gadi (II Kings 15: 19f.), who gave tribute to Pul king of Assyria in order “that his hands might be with him to strengthen the kingdom in his hand.” The prophet likens the matter to an adulterous woman, for, had they worshipped the Holy One, blessed be He, they would not have needed the kings of Assyria.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:7:1
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:7:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:7:1)

**וַתִּתֵּן תַּזְנוּתֶיהָ עֲלֵיהֶם.** לֵב נִיאוּפִים וְרוּחַ זְנוּנִים נָתְנָה עֲלֵיהֶם, שֶׁהָיְתָה מִתְאַוָּה לָהֶם:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**And she bestowed her harlotries upon them** Her adulterous heart and her promiscuous spirit she bestowed upon them, for she desired them.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:7:2
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:7:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:7:2)

**וּבְכֹל אֲשֶׁר עָגְבָה וְגוֹ׳.** בְּכָל עוֹבְדֵי כּוֹכָבִים וּמַזָּלוֹת אֲשֶׁר נִשְׁתַּתְּפָה עִמָּהֶם לָמְדָה דְּרָכֵיהֶם וְ**נִטְמְאָה בְּגִלּוּלֵיהֶם**:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and in all that she lusted** In all the nations with whom she collaborated, she learned their ways and became defiled with their idols.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:8:1
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:8:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:8:1)

**וְאֶת תַּזְנוּתֶיהָ מִמִּצְרַיִם לֹא עָזָבָה.** גַּם עַל מַלְכֵי מִצְרַיִם סָמְכוּ, שֶׁמָּצִינוּ בְּהוֹשֵׁעַ בֶּן אֵלָה ״אֲשֶׁר שָׁלַח מַלְאָכִים אֶל סוֹא מֶלֶךְ מִצְרָיִם״ (מלכים ב יז:ד):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**And her harlotries from Egypt she did not abandon** They relied also upon the kings of Egypt, for we find (II Kings 17:4), concerning Hoshea the son of Elah, that he sent messengers to So the king of Egypt.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:8:2
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:8:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:8:2)

**כִּי אוֹתָהּ שָׁכְבוּ וגו׳.** וּמֵאָז **וַיִּשְׁפְּכוּ תַזְנוּתָם עָלֶיהָ** – תַּאֲוַת זְנוּנִים נִכְנַס בָּהּ מִימֵי נְעוּרֶיהָ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**for they had lain with her, etc.** And since then, “they poured out their harlotry upon her” - her promiscuous spirit entered her from the days of her youth.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:9:1
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:9:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:9:1)

**לָכֵן נְתַתִּיהָ וְגוֹ׳.** שֶׁבָּא סַנְחֵרִיב וְהִגְלָה אוֹתָם (מלכים ב יז:ה-ו):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Therefore, I delivered her, etc.** For Sennacherib came and exiled them.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:10:1
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:10:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:10:1)

**וַתְּהִי שֵׁם לַנָּשִׁים.** לוּקַח מֵהֶן קְלָלָה לְכָל הַנּוֹאֲפוֹת לְהִוָּסֵר מִמֶּנָּה, רְאוּ מַה עָלְתָה לִפְלוֹנִית עַל זִמָּתָהּ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and she became a name for the women** to take from them a curse for any adulteress to learn a lesson from her: See what happened to so and so because of her lewdness.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:10:2
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:10:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:10:2)

**וּשְׁפוּטִים.** כְּמוֹ ״שְׁפָטִים״ (יחזקאל ה:י), יוּשְׁטִישָׁא״ט בְּלַעַ״ז:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and... judgments** [Heb. וּשְּׁפוּטִים,] like שְּׁפָטִים, judgments, justises, jostises in Old French, judgments, punishments.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:11:1
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:11:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:11:1)

**וַתֵּרֶא אֲחוֹתָהּ אָהֳלִיבָה.** אֶת כָּל הָרָעָה אֲשֶׁר בָּא לַאֲחוֹתָהּ עַל זְנוּנֶיהָ, וְלֹא יָרְאָה:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**And her sister Oholibah saw** all the evil that befell her sister because of her harlotries, but she was unafraid.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:11:2
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:11:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:11:2)

**וַתַּשְׁחֵת עַגְבָתָהּ.** תַּאֲוָתָהּ; זוֹיְט״ר בְּלַעַ״ז:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**she became... corrupt in her lust** [Heb. עַגְבָתָה,] her lust, wai(y)ter in Old French, unbridled passion.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:12:1
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:12:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:12:1)

**אֶל בְּנֵי אַשּׁוּר עָגָבָה.** זֶה אָחָז, שֶׁשָּׁלַח אֶל מֶלֶךְ אַשּׁוּר לְעֶזְרָה (מלכים ב טז:ז):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**For the sons of Assyria she lusted** This is Ahaz, who sent to the king of Assyria for aid (II Kings 16:7).


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:14:1
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:14:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:14:1)

**וַתּוֹסֶף אֶל תַּזְנוּתֶיהָ.** לְהִתְאַוּוֹת לַצְּלָמִים שֶׁלֹּא רָאֲתָה אוֹתָם אֶלָּא דְּמוּתָם:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**And she increased her harlotries** to lust for images that she had not seen [in actuality], only their likeness,


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:14:2
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:14:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:14:2)

**מְחֻקָּה עַל הַקִּיר וְגוֹ׳ בַּשָּׁשַׁר.** כָּזֹאת לֹא עָשְׂתָה אֲחוֹתָהּ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**engraved on the wall with types of drawings**, whereas her sister did not do anything like this.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:14:3
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:14:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:14:3)

**צַלְמֵי כַשְׂדִּים.** דְּמוּת אַנְשֵׁי כַשְׂדִּים, שֶׁמְּשֻׁנִּין בִּלְבוּשֵׁיהוֹן:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**images of Chaldeans** The likeness of Chaldean men, who were unusual in their attire.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:14:4
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:14:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:14:4)

**בַּשָּׁשַׁר.** מִינֵי צִיּוּר:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**with types of drawings** [Heb. בַּשָׁשַׁר,] types of drawings.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:15:1
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:15:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:15:1)

**חֲגוֹרֵי אֵזוֹר.** כֵּן דֶּרֶךְ לְבוּשֵׁי כַשְׂדִּים:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Girded with girdles** This was the way of the Chaldeans’ attire.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:15:2
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:15:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:15:2)

**סְרוּחֵי טְבוּלִים.** יְתֵירֵי כּוֹבָעִים גְּדוֹלִים. וּמְנַחֵם פֵּירֵשׁ כְּמוֹ ״וַיִּטְבְּלוּ הַכֻּתֹּנֶת בְּדָם״ (בראשית לז:לא), וּפִתְרוֹן **סְרוּחֵי טְבוּלִים** כֵּן הוּא: ״סֶרַח הָעוֹדֵף״ (שמות כו:יב) מִן הַמִּצְנֶפֶת צְבוּעָה. **טְבוּלִים** אֵין לוֹ דִּמְיוֹן, וּפִתְרוֹנוֹ לְפִי הָעִנְיָן; וְכֵן תִּרְגֵּם יוֹנָתָן: ״מְחַתִּין קוֹלְסִין״:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**hanging turbans** [Heb. סְרוּחֵי טְבוּלִים.] [סְרוּחֵי means] oversized, large hats. Menachem (p. 97) explains [טְבוּלִים] like (Gen. 37: 31) “and dipped (וַיִטְבְּלוּ) the shirt in the blood.” Thus the interpretation of סְרוּחֵי טְבוּלִים is as follows (Exod. 26:12): “The overhanging (וְסֵרַח) length” of the dyed turban. There is no [other occurrence of a word] similar to טְבוּלִים, and its meaning is derived from the context, and so did Jonathan render: helmets placed on their heads].


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:15:3
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:15:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:15:3)

**שָׁלִישִׁים.** גִּבּוֹרִים:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**mighty men** [Heb. שָׁלִישִׁים,] mighty men.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:16:1
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:16:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:16:1)

**לְמַרְאֵה עֵינֶיהָ.** בִּשְׁבִיל שֶׁרָאֲתָה דְּמוּת צוּרָתָן:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**at the sight [that reached] her eyes** Because she saw the likeness of their form.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:17:1
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:17:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:17:1)

**וַיָּבֹאוּ אֵלֶיהָ בְּנֵי בָבֶל לְמִשְׁכַּב דּוֹדִים.** כָּרְתוּ יַחַד בְּרִית. וְאוֹמֵר אֲנִי שֶׁזֶּה נֶאֱמַר עַל חִזְקִיָּה, שֶׁשָּׂמַח עַל מַלְאֲכֵי מְרֹדַךְ בַּלְאֲדָן (ישעיהו לט:א) וְהֶאֱכִילָן עַל שֻׁלְחָנוֹ וְהֶרְאָם אֶת כָּל בֵּית נְכֹתֹה, וְדוּגְמָא שֶׁאָמַר הַנָּבִיא אַנְשֵׁי מְחֻקֶּה עַל הַקִּיר, לְפִי שֶׁמֵאֶרֶץ רְחוֹקָה בָּאוּ וְלֹא הָיוּ בְּנֵי כַשְׂדִּים רְגִילִים אֶצְלָם, כְּמוֹ שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר שָׁם ״מֵאֶרֶץ רְחוֹקָה בָּאוּ אֵלַי״, וּבִשְׁבִיל רְאוּת פְּנֵיהֶם פַּעַם אַחַת נִתְחַבְּבוּ עָלָיו וְהִקְפִּיד הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא עַל הַדָּבָר, כְּמָה שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר ״הִנֵּה יָמִים בָּאִים וְנִשָּׂא אֶת כָּל אֲשֶׁר בְּבֵיתֶךָ וְגוֹ׳״ (שם), ובדברי הימים (ב לב:כה) ״וְלֹא כִגְמוּל עָלָיו הֵשִׁיב חִזְקִיָּהוּ כִּי גָבַהּ לִבּוֹ וַיְהִי עָלָיו קֶצֶף גָּדוֹל וְגוֹמֵר״:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**And the children of Babylon came to her for a bed of love** They made a covenant together, and I say that this is said concerning Hezekiah, who rejoiced about the emissaries of Merodach-baladan (Isa. 39, II Kings 20), and he fed them at his table and showed them his entire treasure house. This resembles the prophet’s statement (verse 14), “men engraved on the wall,” because they came from a distant land, and the Chaldeans were not frequent visitors to them, as it is said (Isa. 39:3): “They have come to me from a distant country,” and from seeing their faces once, they became endeared to him. And the Holy One, blessed be He, became wroth with him because of this matter, as it is written (Isa. 36:6, II Kings 20:17): “Behold a time will come when everything in your palace...will be carried off, etc.,” and in (II) Chronicles (32:25): “But Hezekiah did not pay back according to the benefit they had done for him, but his heart became haughty; therefore, wrath came upon him and upon Judah, etc.”


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:17:2
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:17:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:17:2)

**וַתֵּקַע נַפְשָׁהּ מֵהֶם.** שֶׁמָּרַד בָּהֶם יְהוֹיָקִים וְצִדְקִיָּהוּ (מלכים ב כד:א, כ), וַתֵּקַע אשלוקי״ר בְּלַעַ״ז, **וַתֵּקַע** כְּמוֹ ״וַתֵּקַע כַּף יֶרֶךְ יַעֲקֹב״ (בראשית לב:כו), הוּקְעָה, לְשׁוֹן חִבּוּר וּתְקִיעַת עֵץ בָּאָרֶץ הוּא, וְכֵן בְּהִשְׁתַּלְפוֹ מִן הָאָרֶץ יִפּוֹל בּוֹ לְשׁוֹן קְעִיָּה, כַּאֲשֶׁר תֹּאמַר ״וַתַּשְׁרֵשׁ שָׁרָשֶׁיהָ״ (תהילים פ:י) לְשׁוֹן קְלִיטָה, ״וּבְכָל תְּבוּאָתִי תְשָׁרֵשׁ״ (איוב לא:יב) לְשׁוֹן עִקּוּר, וְכֵן ״בִּסְעִיפֶיהָ פֹּרִיָּה״ (ישעיהו יז:ו) לְשׁוֹן עֲנָפִים, ״וּמְסָעֵף פָּארָה״ (ישעיהו י:לג) לְשׁוֹן קוֹצֵץ עַנְפֵי הָעֵץ וּפְאֵרוֹתָיו:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**her soul was disgusted with them** [Heb. וַתֵּקַע.] That Jehoiakim and Zedekiah rebelled against them. וַתֵּקַע is esloched in Old French, dislocated. וַתֵּקַע is like (Gen. 32: 26): “and the upper joint of Jacob’s thigh was dislocated (וַתֵּקַע).” הוֹקָעָה is an expression of joining and inserting a pole into the earth, and also when it is withdrawn from the earth, is the expression קְעִיָה appropriate for it, just as you say (Ps. 80:10): “it took root (וַתַשְׁרֵשׁ),” as an expression of taking root, and (Job 31:12), “and it uproots (תְּשָׁרֵשׁ) all my grain,” as an expression of uprooting. Similarly (Isa. 17:6): “on its branches (בִּסְעִפֶיהָ) when it produces fruit,” is an expression of branches, and (ibid. 10:33), “lops off (מְסָעֵף) the branches,” is an expression of cutting off the branches of the tree and its boughs.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:19:1
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:19:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:19:1)

**לִזְכֹּר אֶת יְמֵי נְעוּרֶיהָ.** עָלְתָה עַל לִבָּהּ תַּאֲוַת בְּנֵי מִצְרַיִם, שֶׁשָּׁלַח צִדְקִיָּהוּ אֲלֵיהֶם, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר ״וַיִּמְרֹד בּוֹ לִשְׁלֹחַ מַלְאָכָיו מִצְרַיִם״ (יחזקאל יז:טו):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**to remember the days of her youth** The desire for the Egyptians rose in her heart, for Zedekiah sent to them, as it is said (above 17:15): “But he rebelled against him by sending to Egypt.”


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:20:1
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:20:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:20:1)

**וַתַּעְגְּבָה עַל פִּלַגְשֵׁיהֶם.** עַל פִּלַּגְשׁוּתָם, לִהְיוֹת לָהֶם לְפִילֶּגֶשׁ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**And she lusted for their concubinage** [Heb. פִּלַּגְשֵׁיהֶם,] for their concubinage, to be a concubine to them.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:20:2
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:20:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:20:2)

**אֲשֶׁר בְּשַׂר חֲמוֹרִים בְּשָׂרָם.** אֵבֶר תַּשְׁמִישׁ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**those whose flesh is the flesh of donkeys** [i.e.,] the phallus.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:20:3
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:20:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:20:3)

**וְזִרְמַת סוּסִים.** לְשׁוֹן רִבּוּי תַּשְׁמִישׁ; שֶׁמַּרְבִּים תַּשְׁמִישׁ יוֹתֵר מִשְּׁאָר כָּל הַזְּכָרִים שֶׁבַּבְּהֵמָה:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and...is the issue of horses** An expression of a profusion of sexual intercourse, for they engage in sexual intercourse more than any other male animals.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:20:4
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:20:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:20:4)

**זִרְמַת.** קִלּוּחַ הַזֶּרַע, כְּמוֹ ״זֶרֶם מַיִם עָבָר״ (חבקוק ג:י):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
זִרְמַת refers to the stream of semen, like (Habakkuk 3:10): “A stream (זֶרֶם) of water passed.”


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:21:1
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:21:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:21:1)

**וַתִּפְקְדִי.** וַתִּזְכְּרִי:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**And you remembered** [Heb. וַתִּפְקְדִי,] and you remembered.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:21:2
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:21:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:21:2)

**בַּעֲשׂוֹת.** לְשׁוֹן כְּבִישָׁה:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**were squeezed** [Heb. בַּעֲשׂוֹת,] an expression of pressing.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:22:1
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:22:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:22:1)

**אֶת מְאַהֲבַיִךְ.** אֶת כַּשְׂדִּים, אֲשֶׁר עָרְבוּ עַל חִזְקִיָּהוּ (ישעיה לט:א-ב):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**your lovers** The Chaldeans, who pleased Hezekiah.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:22:2
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:22:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:22:2)

**אֶת אֲשֶׁר נָקְעָה נַפְשֵׁךְ מֵהֶם.** אֲשֶׁר חָזַר צִדְקִיָּהוּ וּשְׂנָאָם וּמָרַד בָּהֶם (מלכים ב כד:כ):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**those with whom your soul has become disgusted** Whom Zedekiah [in a change of heart] subsequently hated and against whom he rebelled.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:23:1
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:23:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:23:1)

**פְּקוֹד וְשׁוֹעַ וְקוֹעַ.** תִּרְגֵּם יוֹנָתָן שֵׁם מְדִינוֹת, וּמִקְרָא מְסַיְּעוֹ (ירמיהו נ:כא) ״עַל הָאָרֶץ מְרָתַיִם עֲלֵה עָלֶיהָ וְעַל יוֹשְׁבֵי פְּקוֹד״, וְהַפּוֹתְרִים אוֹמְרִים לְשׁוֹן פְּקִידִים וְשָׂרִים וְשַׁלְטוֹנִים:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Pekod, Shoa, and Koa** Jonathan rendered [these as] the names of states, and Scripture supports him in the Book of Jeremiah (50:21): “Upon the rebellious land, march upon her, and upon the inhabitants of Pekod.” [But] the Commentators say that they are an expression of appointees, princes, and rulers.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:23:2
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:23:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:23:2)

**וּקְרוּאִים.** שְׁמוֹנְ״ץ בְּלַעַ״ז:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and summoned ones** Somonz, semonz in Old French, summoned (top people).


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:24:1
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:24:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:24:1)

**הֹצֶן.** פֵּרַשׁ דּוּנַשׁ: אֶחָד מִכְּלֵי הַמִּלְחָמָה הוּא; וַאֲנִי אוֹמֵר: לְשׁוֹן הַקָּפוֹת מַחֲנוֹת, כְּמוֹ ״וְלִצְנִינִים בְּצִדֵּיכֶם״ (במדבר לג:נה) – ״וּלְמַשְׁרְיָין מַקְּפַנְכוֹן״. **הֹצֶן** – (מְנַחֵם פֵּרְשׁוּ כְּמוֹ ״צִנָּה וְסֹחֵרָה אֲמִתּוֹ״ (תהלים צא:ד); וְאֵין דּוּנַשׁ מוֹדֶה לוֹ; וְהַתַּרְגּוּם שֶׁמְּתַרְגֵּם ״וְיֵיתוֹן עֲלָךְ בְּמָאנֵי זַיְנָא״ מְסַיֵּעַ לְדוּנַשׁ): הֹצֶן כְּמוֹ בְּהֹצֶן. וְיֵשׁ מַשְׁמָע הֹצֶן כְּמוֹ ׳חֹצֶן׳, מִן ״וְהֵבִיאוּ בָנַיִךְ בְּחֹצֶן״ (ישעיהו מט:כב), שֶׁפֵּרוּשׁוֹ: זְרוֹעַ, וְכֵן **וּבָאוּ עָלַיִךְ הֹצֶן** (כאן), וְעִנְיָנוֹ: חַיִל, כְּמוֹ ״וּזְרֹעוֹת הַנֶּגֶב״ (דניאל יא:טו), שֶׁפֵּרוּשׁוֹ: וְחַיָּלוֹת הַנֶּגֶב:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**weapons** [Heb. הֹצֶן]. Dunash (p. 59) explained it as one type of weapon, but I say that it is an expression of the surroundings of camps like (Num. 33:55): “and camps (וְלִצְנִינִים) in your sides,” [which Onkelos renders:] and camps surrounding you. Menachem (p. 150) explains הֹצֶן like (Ps. 91:4): “His truth is an encompassing shield (צִנָה וְסֹחֵרָה), but Dunash does not agree with him, and the Targum supports Dunash, rendering: they will come upon you with weapons. הֹצֶן is like בְּהֹצֶן, with weapons, and הֹצֶן could mean the same as חֹצֶן, from (Isa. 49:22): “and they shall bring your sons בְּחֹצֶן,”which means with the arm, and so too: “And they will come upon you הֹצֶן,” meaning [as with] an army, as (Dan. 11:15), “and the arms (וּזְרוֹעוֹת) of the south,” meaning the armies of the south.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:24:2
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:24:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:24:2)

**וְנָתַתִּי לִפְנֵיהֶם מִשְׁפָּט.** מַה שֶּׁעָלַי לִשְׁפּוֹט, אֶעֱשֶׂה אוֹתָם שְׁלוּחַי לַעֲשׂוֹת הַמִּשְׁפָּט:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and I shall place judgment before them** What is incumbent upon Me to judge. I will make them My agents to execute the judgment.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:24:3
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:24:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:24:3)

**בְּמִשְׁפְּטֵיהֶם.** מִשְׁפָּט שֶׁלֹּא כָתַבְתִּי בְּתוֹרָתִי, וְהוּא מִמִּשְׁפְּטֵי נִימוּסֵיהֶם; וְאֵיזֶה זֶה? זֶה סִימוּי עֵינַיִם, שֶׁעִוְּרוּ אֶת עֵינֵי צִדְקִיָּהוּ (מלכים ב כה:ז):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**with their judgments** A judgment that I did not write in My Torah, but which is one of the judgments of their customs, and what is it? Blinding the eyes, that they blinded Zedekiah’s eyes.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:25:1
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:25:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:25:1)

**אַפֵּךְ וְאָזְנַיִךְ.** הֵם תִּפְאֶרֶת הַפַּרְצוּף, וְלָהֶם הִמְשִׁיל הַכְּהוּנָּה וְהַמַּלְכוּת:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**your nose and your ears** They are the beauty of the countenance, and to them he compared the priesthood and the kingship.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:25:2
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:25:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:25:2)

**וְאַחֲרִיתֵךְ.** שְׁאָר הָעָם:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and your survivors** The rest of the people.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:25:3
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:25:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:25:3)

**וְאַחֲרִיתֵךְ תֵּאָכֵל בָּאֵשׁ.** ״וּשְׁפַר אַרְעִיךְ״ (תרגום יונתן), שֶׁהֵן ׳אַחֲרִיוּת׳ לִישָּׁעֵן עֲלֵיהֶם לְפַרְנָסָה:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and your residue will be consumed by fire** And the best of your land, which is the security upon which to rely for a livelihood.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:26:1
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:26:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:26:1)

**אֶת בְּגָדַיִךְ.** בִּגְדֵי כְהֻנָּה:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**of your garments** The priestly raiment.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:28:1
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:28:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:28:1)

**אֲשֶׁר שָׂנֵאת.** כַּשְׂדִּים שֶׁמָּרַדְתָּ בָּהֶם (מלכים ב כד:כ):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**those you hate** The Chaldeans, against whom you rebelled.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:30:1
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:30:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:30:1)

**עָשֹׂה אֵלֶּה.** לְשׁוֹן פָּעוּל, פיישנ״ט בְּלַעַ״ז:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**These will be done** [Heb. עָשׂה,] an expression of continuous action, faisant in French, doing (gerundive).


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:32:1
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:32:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:32:1)

**מִרְבָּה לְהָכִיל.** יְתֵרָה מִלְּהָכִיל, כְּמוֹ מִלִּסְבּוֹל:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**too much to bear** Too much to contain, like to bear.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:33:1
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:33:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:33:1)

**וּשְׁמָמָה.** תִּמָּהוֹן:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and bewilderment** [Heb. וּשְׁמָמָה] bewilderment.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:34:1
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:34:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:34:1)

**וּמָצִית.** לְשׁוֹן מוֹצֵץ עַד הַתַּמְצִית, אישוצרא״ש בְּלַעַ״ז:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and drain** [Heb. וּמָצְת,] an expression of sucking to the last drop, et tu suceras in French, and you will suck.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:34:2
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:34:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:34:2)

**וְאֶת חֲרָשֶׂיהָ.** דִּמָּה כּוֹס הַמַּשְׁקֶה פֻּרְעָנוּת לְיִשְׂרָאֵל לִכְלִי חֶרֶשׂ, שֶׁמִּשֶּׁנִּשְׁתַּבֵּר אֵין לוֹ תַּקָּנָה, כָּךְ מִשֶּׁתָּבֹא תְּשׁוּעָתָם וְיִשָּׁבֵר הַכּוֹס, לֹא יָשׁוּב לְהַשְׁקוֹתָם עוֹד; וּכְשֶׁהוּא מְדַבֵּר בְּהַשְׁקָאַת הָעוֹבְדֵי כּוֹכָבִים וּמַזָּלוֹת, קוֹרֵא אוֹתוֹ זָהָב, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר ״כּוֹס זָהָב בָּבֶל בְּיַד ה׳ הַמְשַׁכֶּרֶת כָּל הָאָרֶץ״ (ירמיהו נא:ז):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and its shards** He compares the cup that gives Israel the drink of retribution to an earthenware vessel, which, once broken, can no longer be repaired. So will it be that once their salvation comes and the cup breaks, He will not return to give them any more to drink. When He speaks of giving drink to the nations, however, He calls it gold, as it is said (Jer. 51:7): “Babylon is a golden cup in the Lord’s hand, it intoxicates all the earth.”


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:34:3
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:34:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:34:3)

**וְאֶת חֲרָשֶׂיהָ תְּגָרֵמִי.** כְּמוֹ ״וְעַצְמֹתֵיהֶם יְגָרֵם״ (במדבר כד:ח), ״לֹא גָרְמוּ לַבֹּקֶר״ (צפניה ג:ג), רוֹנְגִיי״ר בְּלַעַ״ז, גּוֹרֵר בְּשִׁנָּיו אֶת סְבִיבוֹת הָעֶצֶם אוֹ הַחֶרֶשׂ, לִרְדּוֹת מֵעָלָיו בָּשָׂר הַדָּבוּק בּוֹ. וּמְנַחֵם חִבְּרוֹ לְשׁוֹן שְׁבִירָה, וְגַם כֵּן פָּתַר ״וְעַצְמֹתֵיהֶם יְגָרֵם״ (במדבר כד:ח), וְכֵן ״לֹא גָרְמוּ לַבֹּקֶר״ (צפניה ג:ג):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**you shall scrape** [Heb. תְּגָרֵמִי,] like (Num. 24:8): “and he scrapes (יְגָרֵם) their bones”; (Zeph. 3:3), “they did not leave over the bones (גָרְמוּ) for morning,” ronger in French, to gnaw. He scrapes with his teeth around the bone or the shard to detach from it the meat adhering to it. Menachem (p. 59) connects it to an expression of breaking, and he interprets: “and he breaks their bones,” and “they did not break the bones for morning,” in like manner.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:35:1
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:35:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:35:1)

**שְׂאִי זִמָּתֵךְ.** ״קַבִּילִי חוֹבֵי עֲצַת חֲטָאָיִךְ״ (תרגום יונתן):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**bear your lewdness** Accept the liabilities of the counsel of your sins.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:36:1
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:36:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:36:1)

**הֲתִשְׁפּוֹט.** לְשׁוֹן וִכּוּחַ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**will you judge** [Heb. הֲתִשׁפֹט,] an expression of debate.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:37:1
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:37:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:37:1)

**וְדָם בִּידֵיהֶן.** בְּנִאוּפֵיהֶם שָׁפְכוּ דָּם:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and blood is on their hands** Through their adulteries, they shed blood.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:37:2
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:37:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:37:2)

**וְאֶת גִּלּוּלֵיהֶן נִאֵפוּ.** נִאוּף שֶׁלָּהֶם עִם גִּלּוּלֵיהֶם הָיָה:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and with their idols they have committed adultery** Their adultery was with their idols.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:37:3
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:37:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:37:3)

**וְגַם אֶת בְּנֵיהֶן וְגוֹ׳.** וְזֶהוּ שְׁפִיכוּת הַדָּם שֶׁבִּידֵיהֶם (כְּלוֹמַר שֶׁהוֹצִיאוּ זֶרַע לְבַטָּלָה בִּידֵיהֶם וְלֹא עָשׂוּ תְּשׁוּבָה):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and also their children, etc.** And this is the bloodshed that is on their hands (i.e., they masturbated with their hands and they did not repent).


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:38:1
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:38:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:38:1)

**טִמְּאוּ אֶת מִקְדָּשִׁי בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא.** בַּיּוֹם שֶׁשּׁטוּ אֶת בְּנֵיהֶם לַעֲבוֹדָה זָרָה, בָּאוֹת לְפָנַי בְּמִקְדָּשִׁי לַעֲשׂוֹת בּוֹ תּוֹעֵבָה לְהַכְעִיסֵנִי:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**they defiled My sanctuary on that day** On the day they slaughter their children for idolatry, they come before Me in My sanctuary to commit abominations therein, to provoke Me.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:38:2
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:38:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:38:2)

**וְאֶת שַׁבְּתוֹתַי חִלֵּלוּ.** שֶׁהָיוּ שׁוֹחֲטִין אֶת בְּנֵיהֶם בְּשַׁבָּת:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and they profaned My Sabbaths** For they would slaughter their children on the Sabbath.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:40:1
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:40:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:40:1)

**וְאַף כִּי תִשְׁלַחְנָה.** וְכָל שֶׁכֵּן קָשֶׁה מִן הַכֹּל, כִּי **תִשְׁלַחְנָה** לְהָבִיא אֲלֵיהֶן מִשָּׂרֵי הָעוֹבְדֵי כּוֹכָבִים וּמַזָּלוֹת אוֹיְבֵיהֶן, וְרוֹאִין הַחִלּוּל שֶׁמְּחַלְּלוֹת מִקְדָּשִׁי:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**And furthermore, that they would send** [Heb. וְאַף כִּי.] And surely, worst of all is that they would send to bring to them [invite] some of the princes of the nations, their lovers, and these see the profanation with which they profane My sanctuary.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:40:2
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:40:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:40:2)

**שָׁלוּחַ אֲלֵיהֶם וְגוֹ׳.** מֵאֵת אָהֳלָה וְאָהֳלִיבָה לָבֹא אֲלֵיהֶם:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**to whom an emissary is sent, etc.** from Oholah and Oholibah to come to them.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:40:3
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:40:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:40:3)

**וְהִנֵּה בָאוּ לַאֲשֶׁר רָחַצְתְּ כָּחַלְתְּ וְגוֹ׳. לַאֲשֶׁר** – תִּרְגֵּם יוֹנָתָן: ״לַאֲתַר״; אֵל לוּ״אָ בְּלַעַ״ז, אֶל מָקוֹם אֲשֶׁר יִעַדְתְּ לָהֶם לֵאמֹר: בְּמָקוֹם פְּלוֹנִי נֵצֵא לִקְרַאתְכֶם, מְקֻשָּׁטוֹת בְּמֶרְחָץ וְכָחוֹל:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and behold they came to the place where you bathed, daubed, etc.** [Heb. לַאֲשֶׁר,] to which. Jonathan renders: לַאֲתַר, to the place, au lieu in Modern French. To the place that you designated for them, saying, “In such and such a place, we will come out to meet you, beautified by the bathing and the daubing.”


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:40:4
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:40:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:40:4)

**כָּחַלְתְּ.** מִין צֶבַע וּשְׁמוֹ כָּחוֹל, וְצוֹבְעוֹת בּוֹ עֵינֵיהֶם, אוֹקְלִיר״א בְּלַעַ״ז:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**daubed** [Heb. כָּחַלְתָּ,] a kind of dye named כָּחוֹל, with which they color their eyes, ecler in Old French, to brighten.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:41:1
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:41:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:41:1)

**מִטָּה כְבוּדָּה.** מְכֻלֶּלֶת בְּמַצָּעוֹת נָאוֹת, פְּרִידִ״י בְּלַעַ״ז:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**a stately bed** Adorned with all kinds of beautiful bedclothes, parede in Old French, adorned lavishly.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:42:1
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:42:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:42:1)

**וְקוֹל הָמוֹן.** שֶׁל אוּמּוֹת רַבּוֹת הָיוּ בָהּ, וְלֹא הָמוֹן שֶׁל מִלְחָמָה, אֶלָּא **קוֹל הָמוֹן שָׁלֵו**:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**And the sound of a multitude** of many nanons were in her; not a multitude that came for war, but the voice of a tranquil multitude.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:42:2
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:42:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:42:2)

**וְאֶל אֲנָשִׁים.** בִּשְׁבִיל אֲנָשִׁים וְשֶׁל אֲנָשִׁים הָיוּ אוֹתוֹ הָמוֹן, וְלֹא שֶׁל בְּהֵמָה:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**for the sake of men** [Heb. וְאֶל אֶנָשִׁים,] for the sake of men. That multitude was of men, not of animals.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:42:3
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:42:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:42:3)

**מֵרֹב אָדָם.** שֶׁהָיוּ בְתוֹכָהּ, הַמּוּבָאִים לְנִיאוּף מִן הַמִּדְבָּר:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**of the many people** who were in her midst, who were brought to commit adultery, from the desert.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:42:4
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:42:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:42:4)

**סָבָאִים.** שֶׁהָיוּ דָּרִין סָבִיב לָהּ, מִשְּׁכֵנֶיהָ עַמּוֹן וּמוֹאָב; וְכֵן תַּרְגּוּם **סָבָאִים**: ״מִסְּחוֹר סְחוֹר״:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**those dwelling all around** [Heb. סָבָאִים,] people who lived around her. Of her neighbors, Ammon and Moab, and so did [Jonathan] render סָבָאִים “from all around.”


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:42:5
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:42:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:42:5)

**וַיִּתְּנוּ.** אָהֳלָה וְאָהֳלִיבָה **צְמִידִים אֶל יְדֵיהֶן.** לְהִתְקַשֵּׁט לְנִאוּף, כְּלוֹמַר: עַמּוֹן וּמוֹאָב מִתּוֹךְ שֶׁהֵן רַבִּים, הִיא מִתְקַשֶּׁטֶת וּמִתְפָּאֶרֶת לָהֶם; וּמִתּוֹךְ שֶׁהֵם שְׁכֵינֶיהָ, מִתְפָּאֶרֶת לְעֵינֵיהֶם בְּקִשּׁוּטֶיהָ. לְפִיכָךְ וַיִּתְּנוּ אָהֳלָה וְאָהֳלִיבָה צְמִידִים עַל יְדֵיהֶם, כְּדֵי שֶׁיְּהוּ נָאוֹת בְּעֵינֵי הַנּוֹאֲפִים. וָי״ו שֶׁל וַיִּתְּנוּ יְתֵרָה, כְּמוֹ אוֹתָהּ שֶׁל ״עָזִּי וְזִמְרָת יָהּ וַיְהִי לִי לִישׁוּעָה״ (שמות טו:ב), וּכְמוֹ אוֹתָהּ שֶׁל ״וַאֲשֶׁר לֹא שָׂם לִבּוֹ אֶל דְּבַר ה׳ וַיַּעֲזֹב״ (שמות ט:כא):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**they placed** Oholah and Oholibah [placed] bracelets on their hands to adorn themselves in order to commit adultery; i.e., Ammon and Moab, since they are many, she adorns and beautifies herself for them, and because they are her neighbors, she beautifies herself before their eyes with her ornaments; therefore, Oholah and Oholibah put bracelets on their hands in order to be beautiful in the eyes of the adulterers. The “vav” of וַיִתְּנוּ is superfluous, like that of (Exod. 15:2): “The strength and the cutting of God was (וַיְהִי) my salvation,” and like that of (ibid. 9:21): “But whoever did not take the word of the Lord to heart left (וַיַעֲזֹב).”


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:43:1
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:43:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:43:1)

**וָאֹמַר לַבָּלָה נִאוּפִים עַתָּה יִזְנוּ וְגוֹ׳.** אָמַר לִי לִבִּי עַל זוֹ שֶׁבָּלְתָה וְהִזְקִינָה בְּנִאוּפִים, מֵעַתָּה שֶׁהִזְקִינָה, **יִזְנוּ תַזְנוּתֶהָ** מִמֶּנָּה, וְתֵצֵא תַּאֲוַת זְנוּתָהּ מִלִּבָּהּ וְתַחְזֹר בָּהּ, וַהֲרֵי הִיא עוֹדֶנָּה בִּזְנוּנֶיהָ כַּאֲשֶׁר בַּתְּחִלָּה:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**And I said of the one who had aged [in] adulteries, “Now her harlotries will end,” etc.** I said to Myself about this one who had become worn out and aged in her adulteries, “From now on, since she has aged, her harlotries will leave her, and the desires for her harlotry will leave her heart, and she will repent,” but she is still in her harlotries as in the beginning.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:43:2
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:43:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:43:2)

**יִזְנוּ.** יֵצְאוּ; כָּל ״זוֹנָה״ תִּרְגּוּם ׳נָפְקַת בָּרָא׳ (תרגום אונקלוס בראשית לד:לא; תרגום יונתן יחזקאל טז:ל). כָּךְ שָׁמַעְתִּי, וְכֵן תִּרְגֵּם יוֹנָתָן:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**will end** [Heb. יִזְנוּ] will leave. Every “harlot” (זוֹנָה) is translated into Aramaic as נֳפְקֲת בְּרָא, one who goes out. So did I hear, and so did Jonathan render.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:43:3
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:43:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:43:3)

**לַבָּלָה נִאוּפִים.** כְּמוֹ לַבָּלָה בְּנִאוּפִים; כַּאֲשֶׁר תֹּאמַר ״וַתֵּשֶׁב בֵּית אָבִיהָ״ (בראשית לח:יא) – כְּמוֹ ״בְּבֵית אָבִיהָ״ (במדבר ל:ד); ״יִרְחֲצוּ מַיִם״ (שמות ל:כ) – כְּמוֹ ׳יִרְחֲצוּ בְּמַיִם׳; ״וְיָצְאָה חִנָּם״ (שמות כא:יא); ״וְאִם בֵּית אִישָׁהּ נָדָרָה״ (במדבר ל:יא); וְכֵן פֵּרֵשׁ דּוּנָשׁ. וּמְנַחֵם חִבְּרוֹ עִם ״תֶּבֶל עָשׂוּ״ (ויקרא כ:יב), וְלֹא יִתָּכְנוּ דְּבָרָיו:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**of the one who had aged [in] adulteries** like: [lit. to the one who had aged adulteries,] the one who had aged in adulteries, as you say (Gen. 38:11): “and she remained her father’s house,” is like “in her father’s house”; (Exod. 30:20), “they shall wash water,” is like “they shall wash with water.” [Likewise,] (ibid.): “And he shall go out freedom;” [and] (Num. 30:11): “But if she made a vow [in] her father’s house.” So did Dunash (p. 17) explain [this]. However, Menachem connected it (p. 45) to (Lev 20:12): “they committed a disgraceful act (תֶּבֶל),” but his words are impossible.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:44:1
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:44:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:44:1)

**וַיָּבוֹא אֵלֶיהָ.** כָּל אֲשֶׁר מִלְּאוֹ לִבּוֹ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**And he came to her** whoever so desired


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:44:2
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:44:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:44:2)

**אִשּׁוֹת הַזִּמָּה.** נְשֵׁי הַזִּמָּה:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**the lewd women** [Heb. אִשֹׁתהַזִמָּה,] [like] נְשֵׁי הַזִמָּה, women of lewdness.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:45:1
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:45:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:45:1)

**וַאֲנָשִׁים צַדִּיקִים.** אֲנָשִׁים דַּיָּנִים, שָׂרֵי מֶלֶךְ בָּבֶל וּמֶלֶךְ אַשּׁוּר. וְיוֹנָתָן תִּרְגֵּם: ״זַכָּאִין בְּקִבְלֵיהוֹן״ – לְפִי מַעֲשֵׂיהֶן שֶׁל אֵלּוּ הַזּוֹנוֹת, **צַדִּיקִים** הָעוֹבְדֵי כּוֹכָבִים וּמַזָּלוֹת מֵהֵנָּה:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**And righteous men** Judges, the princes of the king of Babylon and the king of Assyria. But Jonathan renders: righteous, as compared to them. According to the deeds of these harlots, the nations are more righteous than they.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:45:2
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:45:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:45:2)

**מִשְׁפַּט נֹאֲפוֹת וּמִשְׁפַּט שׁוֹפְכוֹת דָּם.** כְּמוֹ שֶׁמְּפֹרָשׁ אַחֲרָיו (יחזקאל כג:מו-מט):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**the judgment of adulteresses, etc.** as is delineated further.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:46:1
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:46:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:46:1)

**הַעֲלֵה.** וְנָתֹן, וּבְרָא, כֻּלָּן לְשׁוֹן עֲשֵׂה וּפָעוֹל הֵם:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Let...be brought up...and let them be submitted** All these are expressions of doing and of a continuous action.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:47:1
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:47:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:47:1)

**וְרָגְמוּ עֲלֵיהֶן אֶבֶן.** הֲרִיגַת בְּנֵיהֶן וּבְנוֹתֵיהֶן וּשְׂרֵיפַת בָּתֵּיהֶן הוּא **מִשְׁפַּט נוֹאֲפוֹת**:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**shall pelt them with stone** The slaying of their sons and daughters and the burning of their houses is the judgment of adulteresses.


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:47:2
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:47:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:47:2)

**וּבָרֵא אוֹתְהֶן בְּחַרְבוֹתָם.** הוּא מִשְׁפַּט שׁוֹפְכוֹת דָּם, וּבָרֵא לְשׁוֹן קְצִיצָה, וְכֵן ״וּבֵרֵאתוֹ״ דְּ״יַעַר יִהְיֶה לָךְ״ בְּסֵפֶר יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (יהושע יז:יח):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and slash them with their swords** That is the judgment of murderesses. [The word] וּבָרֵא is an expression of cutting, and so: “and you shall cut it down (וּבֵרֵאתוֹ),” of “the forest shall be yours” in the Book of Joshua (17:18).


###### Rashi on Ezekiel 23:49:1
[Rashi on Ezekiel 23:49:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezekiel/r/23:49:1)

**וְנָתְנוּ זִמַּתְכֶנָה עֲלֵיכֶן.** שׁוֹפְטֵיכֶן יִתְּנוּ אֶת מִשְׁפַּט זִמַּתְכֶן בְּרָאשֵׁיכֶן:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**And they shall put their lewdness upon you** Your judges shall put the judgment of your lewdness on your heads.