## Rashi on Ezra Chapter 4

###### Rashi on Ezra 4:1:1
[Rashi on Ezra 4:1:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:1:1)

**צָרֵי יְהוּדָה וּבִנְיָמִין.** הֵם הָעוֹבְדֵי כּוֹכָבִים וּמַזָּלוֹת אֲשֶׁר הוֹשִׁיב סַנְחֵרִיב בְּאֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל, כְּמוֹ שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (מלכים ב יז:כד): ״וַיָּבֵא מֶלֶךְ אַשּׁוּר מִבָּבֶל וּמִכּוּתָה וּמֵעַוָּא וּמֵחֲמָת וּסְפַרְוָיִם, וַיּוֹשֶׁב אֹתָם בְּעָרֵי שֹׁמְרוֹן תַּחַת בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל״:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**the adversaries of Judah and Benjamin** They are the nations whom Sannecherib settled in the land Israel, as it says (II Kings 17:24): “And the king of Assyria brought [people] from Babylonia and from Cuthah and from Avvah and from Hamath and from Sepharvaim, and he settled them in the cities of Samaria instead of the Children of Israel.”


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:2:1
[Rashi on Ezra 4:2:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:2:1)

**וַיֹּאמְרוּ לָהֶם נִבְנֶה עִמָּכֶם.** הָיוּ אוֹמְרִים כָּךְ לְמַעַן תִּתְבַּטֵּל מְלֶאכֶת הַבַּיִת עַל יְדֵיהֶם שֶׁלֹּא לִבְנוֹת עוֹד:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and said to them, “Let us build with you...”** They said this in order that through them the work of the Temple should be disrupted, that they should build no more.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:2:2
[Rashi on Ezra 4:2:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:2:2)

**מִימֵי אֵסַר חַדֹּן מֶלֶךְ אַשּׁוּר.** בְּנוֹ שֶׁל סַנְחֵרִיב, שֶׁלְּאַחַר שֶׁסַּנְחֵרִיב הוֹשִׁיבָם שָׁם הֲרָגוּהוּ אַדְרַמֶּלֶךְ וְשַׂרְאֶצֶר בָּנָיו, וַיִּמְלֹךְ אֵסַר חַדֹּן בְּנוֹ תַּחְתָּיו. שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (ישעיה לז:לח): ״וַיְהִי הוּא מִשְׁתַּחֲוֶה בֵּית נִסְרֹךְ אֱלֹהָיו וְאַדְרַמֶּלֶךְ וְשַׂרְאֶצֶר בָּנָיו הִכֻּהוּ בַחֶרֶב וְגוֹמֵר וַיִּמְלֹךְ אֵסַר חַדֹּן בְּנוֹ תַּחְתָּיו״:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**since the days of Esarhaddon the king of Assyria** the son of Sannecherib, for after Sannecherib settled them there, as it says (II Kings 19:37, Isa. 37:38): “And he was prostrating himself in the temple of Nisroch his god, and Adramelech and Sharezer, his sons, slew him by the sword etc., and his son Esarhaddon reigned in his stead.”


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:3:1
[Rashi on Ezra 4:3:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:3:1)

**כִּי אֲנַחְנוּ.** אֶלָּא אֲנַחְנוּ לְבַדֵּנוּ נִבְנֶה כִּי זֶה מְשַׁמֵּשׁ בִּמְקוֹם אֶלָּא:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**but we** Heb. כִּי, but we alone shall build. This כִּי serves in place of אֶלָּא, but.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:4:1
[Rashi on Ezra 4:4:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:4:1)

**עַם הָאָרֶץ.** הֵם צָרֵי יְהוּדָה וּבִנְיָמִין:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**the people of the land** They are the adversaries of Judah and Benjamin.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:4:2
[Rashi on Ezra 4:4:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:4:2)

**מְרַפִּים.** לְבַטְּלָם מִמְּלַאכְתָּם:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**were hindering** to disrupt them from their work.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:4:3
[Rashi on Ezra 4:4:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:4:3)

**לִבְנוֹת.** כְּמוֹ מִלִּבְנוֹת, וְכֵן ״עַד כִּי חָדַל לִסְפֹּר״ (בראשית מא:מט):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**from building** Heb. לִבְנוֹת, lit. to build, and so (Gen. 41:49): “until one ceased to count (לִסְפֹּר).”


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:5:1
[Rashi on Ezra 4:5:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:5:1)

**וְסוֹכְרִים.** כְּתִיב בְּסָמֶ״ךְ וּפִתְרוֹנוֹ כְּאִלּוּ כָּתוּב בְּשִׂי״ן שֶׁהָיוּ שׂוֹכְרִים יוֹעֲצִים כְּדֵי לְבַטֵּל הַמְּלָאכָה:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**And they would hire** Heb. וְסֹכְרִים. This is written with a “sammech,” but its meaning is as though it was written with a “sin,” [meaning] that they would hire advisors to disrupt the work.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:5:2
[Rashi on Ezra 4:5:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:5:2)

**כָּל יְמֵי.** מַלְכוּת כּוֹרֶשׁ וּמַלְכוּת אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ אֲשֶׁר מָלַךְ אַחַר כּוֹרֶשׁ, עַד שְׁנַת שְׁתַּיִם לְדָרְיָוֶשׁ שֶׁמָּלַךְ אַחַר אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ, הָיְתָה הַמְּלָאכָה בְּטֵלָה:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**all the days of** the reign of Cyrus and the reign of Ahasuerus, who reigned after Cyrus, until the second year of Darius, who reigned after Ahasuerus, the work was stopped.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:6:1
[Rashi on Ezra 4:6:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:6:1)

**וּבְמַלְכוּת אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ.** שֶׁמָּלַךְ אַחַר כּוֹרֶשׁ הוּא אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ שֶׁלָּקַח אֶסְתֵּר (מגילה יא.):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**And in the reign of Ahasuerus** who reigned after Cyrus; he is the Ahasuerus who took Esther.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:6:2
[Rashi on Ezra 4:6:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:6:2)

**כָּתְבוּ שִׂטְנָה.** שֶׁלֹּא לִבְנוֹת בֵּית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**they wrote an accusation** not to build the Temple.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:6:3
[Rashi on Ezra 4:6:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:6:3)

**עַל יוֹשְׁבֵי יְהוּדָה וִירוּשָׁלִָם.** לְהַלְשִׁינָם וּלְקַנְתְּרָם שֶׁלֹּא יִבְנוּ הַבַּיִת:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**against the dwellers of Judea and Jerusalem** to inform on them and to chide them not to build the Temple.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:7:1
[Rashi on Ezra 4:7:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:7:1)

**וּבִימֵי אַרְתַּחְשַׁשְׂתָּא.** הוּא כּוֹרֶשׁ מֶלֶךְ פָּרַס. מִנְיַן אוֹתִיּוֹת שֶׁל כּוֹרֶשׁ עוֹלֶה לְמִנְיַן אוֹתִיּוֹת דָּרְיָוֶשׁ. וְכֵן שָׁנִינוּ בְּמַסֶּכֶת רֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה (ראש השנה ג:): הוּא כּוֹרֶשׁ, הוּא דָּרְיָוֶשׁ, הוּא אַרְתַּחְשַׁשְׂתָּא. כּוֹרֶשׁ עַל שֵׁם שֶׁמֶּלֶךְ כָּשֵׁר הָיָה, אַרְתַּחְשַׁשְׂתָּא עַל שֵׁם הַמַּלְכוּת. וּבְסֵדֶר עוֹלָם (סדר עולם רבה ל) מָצָאתִי: דָּרְיָוֶשׁ הוּא אַרְתַּחְשַׁשְׂתָּא, וְכָל הַמַּלְכוּת כֻּלָּהּ נִקְרֵאת אַרְתַּחְשַׁשְׂתָּא וְכוּ׳:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**And in the days of Artaxerxes** He is Cyrus, the king of Persia. The numerical value of the letters of כּרֶשּׁ equal the numerical value of the letters of דָּרְיָוֶשּׁ: [כ = 20; ר = 200; שּׁ = 300; total = 520. ד = 4; ר = 200; י = 10; 520 ו = 6; שּׁ = 300; total = 520.] And so we learned in Tractate Rosh Hashanah (3b): “The same one is Cyrus, who is Darius, who is Artaxerxes.” [He was called Cyrus כּרֶשּׁ because he was a worthy (כָּשֵּׁר) king; Artaxerxes, because of the kingdom, and in Seder Olam (ch. 30): “Darius was Artaxerxes (אַרְתַּחְשַּׁשְּׁתָּא), and the entire kingdom was called Artaxerxes, etc.” [meaning that all the kings were called Artaxerxes].


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:7:2
[Rashi on Ezra 4:7:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:7:2)

**כָּתַב בְּשָׁלֵם.** כָּתַב מִכְתָּבוֹ בִּדְבָרִים שֶׁל שָׁלוֹם:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**wrote with peace** wrote his letter with words of peace.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:7:3
[Rashi on Ezra 4:7:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:7:3)

**מִתְרְדָת טָבְאֵל.** שֵׁם אָדָם הוּא, מִצָּרֵי יְהוּדָה וּבִנְיָמִין:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Mithredath Tabeel** This is the name of a man, one of the adversaries of Judah and Benjamin.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:7:4
[Rashi on Ezra 4:7:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:7:4)

**וּשְׁאָר כְּנָוֹתָיו.** חֲבֵרוֹתָיו וְסִיעוֹתָיו:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and the rest of his colleagues** Heb. כְּנָותָיו, his companies and his societies.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:7:5
[Rashi on Ezra 4:7:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:7:5)

**עַל אַרְתַּחְשַׁשְׂתָּא.** אֶל אַרְתַּחְשַׁשְׂתָּא:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**to Artaxerxes** [as translated,] to Artaxerxes.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:7:6
[Rashi on Ezra 4:7:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:7:6)

**וּכְתָב הַנִּשְׁתְּוָן.** וּכְתָב הָאִגֶּרֶת:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and the script of the epistle** Heb. וּכְתָב הַנִשְּׁתְּוָן.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:7:7
[Rashi on Ezra 4:7:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:7:7)

**כָּתוּב אֲרָמִית.** בְּאוֹתִיּוֹת אֲרָמִית:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**written in Aramaic** in Aramaic characters.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:7:8
[Rashi on Ezra 4:7:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:7:8)

**וּמְתֻרְגָּם אֲרָמִית.** הַמִּכְתָּב הָיָה מְפֹרָשׁ בְּלָשׁוֹן אֲרָמִית:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and explained in Aramaic** The script was explained in the Aramaic language.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:8:1
[Rashi on Ezra 4:8:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:8:1)

**רְחוּם בַּעַל טְעֵם.** רְחוּם הָיָה מַזְכִּיר וּבַעַל דְּבָרִים לְסַדֵּר הַמִּכְתָּב:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Rehum was the secretary** Rehum was the secretary and the master of words to compose the epistle.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:8:2
[Rashi on Ezra 4:8:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:8:2)

**וְשִׁמְשַׁי סָפְרָא.** וְשִׁמְשַׁי הָיָה סוֹפֵר, הוּא שִׁמְשַׁי בְּנוֹ שֶׁל הָמָן. וְכֵן דֶּרֶךְ הַמִּקְרָא לְהַזְכִּיר סוֹפֵר וּמַזְכִּיר שְׁנֵיהֶם בְּיַחַד, לְפִי שֶׁהֵם זְקוּקִים זֶה לָזֶה, הָאֶחָד מְסַדֵּר וּמַזְכִּירוֹ וְהַסּוֹפֵר כּוֹתֵב, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״אֱלִיחֹרֶף וַאֲחִיָּה בְּנֵי שִׁישָׁא סֹפְרִים יְהוֹשָׁפָט בֶּן אֲחִילוּד הַמַּזְכִּיר״ (מלכים א ד:ג). וּבְמָקוֹם אַחֵר נֶאֱמַר: ״וַיָּבֹא אֶלְיָקִים בֶּן חִלְקִיָּהוּ וְגוֹ׳״ (מלכים ב יח:יח) ״וְשֶׁבְנָא הַסֹּפֵר וְיוֹאָח בֶּן אָסָף הַמַּזְכִּיר״:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and Shimshai was the scribe** And Shimshai was the scribe: he is Shimshai the son of Haman. So it is customary to mention the scribe and the secretary together because they need each other; one composes and dictates, and the scribe writes, as it says (I Kings 4:3): “Eliphoreph and Ahiah, the sons of Shisha, scribes, Jehoshaphat, the son of Ahlud, the secretary,” and in another place it says (Isa. 36: 22): “And Eliakim, the son of Hilkiah etc. and Shebna the scribe, and Joah, the son of Asaph the secretary, came.”


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:8:3
[Rashi on Ezra 4:8:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:8:3)

**כָּתְבוּ אִגְּרָא.** הַלָּלוּ שְׁנֵיהֶם **רְחוּם וְשִׁמְשַׁי** כָּתְבוּ הָאִגֶּרֶת כַּאֲשֶׁר צִוָּה אֲלֵיהֶם מִתְרְדָת וְטָבְאֵל, וְכֻלָּם הָיוּ מְיֻשָּׁבִים בְּעָרֵי שׁוֹמְרוֹן:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**they wrote a letter** These two, Rehum and Shimshai, wrote the letter as Mithredath Tabeel had commanded them, and they all were dwellers of the cities of Samaria.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:8:4
[Rashi on Ezra 4:8:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:8:4)

**עַל יְרוּשָׁלַיִם.** עַל אוֹדוֹת בִּנְיַן בֵּית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ אֲשֶׁר בִּירוּשָׁלַיִם:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**about Jerusalem** about the building of the Temple, which is in Jerusalem.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:8:5
[Rashi on Ezra 4:8:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:8:5)

**כְּנֵימָא.** כַּאֲשֶׁר נֶאֱמַר, וְהוּא דֻּגְמַת לְשׁוֹן גְּמָרָא כִּדְבָּעִינַן לְמֵימַר קַמָּן:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**as is stated** Aram. כְּנֵמָא, as is stated, and that is similar to the expression of the Gemara: “as we wish to say further.”


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:9:1
[Rashi on Ezra 4:9:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:9:1)

**אֱדַיִן.** אָז:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Then** Aram. אֱדַיִן, equivalent to the Hebrew אָז.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:9:2
[Rashi on Ezra 4:9:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:9:2)

**רְחוּם.** שֵׁם אָדָם:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Rehum** the name of a man.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:9:3
[Rashi on Ezra 4:9:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:9:3)

**בַּעַל טַעַם.** מַזְכִּיר וּבַעַל דְּבָרִים:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**the secretary** Aram. בְּעֵל טְעֵם secretary and master of words.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:9:4
[Rashi on Ezra 4:9:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:9:4)

**וּשְׁאָר כְּנָוָתְהוֹן.** וּשְׁאָר סִיעוֹתֵיהֶם:


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:9:5
[Rashi on Ezra 4:9:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:9:5)

**דִּינָיֵא וַאֲפַרְסַתְכָיֵא וְגוֹ׳.** הַלָּלוּ כֻּלָּם שֵׁמוֹת שֶׁל עוֹבְדֵי כּוֹכָבִים וּמַזָּלוֹת שֶׁהוֹשִׁיב סַנְחֵרִיב בְּעָרֵי שׁוֹמְרוֹן:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**the Dinites, the Apharesattechites, etc.** All these are names of nations whom Sennacherib repatriated in the cities of Samaria.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:9:6
[Rashi on Ezra 4:9:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:9:6)

**אֲפָרְסָיֵא.** הֵם פַּרְסִיִּים שֶׁהוֹשִׁיב סַנְחֵרִיב בְּעָרֵי שׁוֹמְרוֹן (מלכים ב יז:כד):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**the Apharesites** They are the Persians whom Sennacherib settled in the cities of Samaria.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:9:7
[Rashi on Ezra 4:9:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:9:7)

**אַרְכְּוָי.** הֵם בְּנֵי אֶרֶךְ, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״וְאֶרֶךְ וְאַכַּד וְכַלְנֵה״ (בראשית י:י):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**the Archevites** They are the people of Erech, as it says (Gen. 10:10): “and Erech and Accad and Calneh.”


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:9:8
[Rashi on Ezra 4:9:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:9:8)

**בָּבְלָיֵא.** הֵם בְּנֵי בָבֶל:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**the Babylonians** the people of Babylon.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:9:9
[Rashi on Ezra 4:9:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:9:9)

**שׁוּשַׁנְכָיֵא.** בְּנֵי שׁוּשַׁן הַבִּירָה:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**the Shushanchites** the people of Shushan, the capital.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:9:10
[Rashi on Ezra 4:9:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:9:10)

**עֵלְמָיָא.** בְּנֵי עֵילָם. מִכָּל הָעוֹבְדֵי כּוֹכָבִים וּמַזָּלוֹת הַלָּלוּ הוֹשִׁיב סַנְחֵרִיב בְּאֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל, וְכֻלָּן הָיוּ מְשִׁיבִין וּמַסְכִּימִים בִּשְׁלִיחוּת הַמִּכְתָּב זֶה:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**the Elamites** the people of Elam. Sennacherib settled all of these peoples in the land of Israel, and all of them were settling and concurring with the commission of this letter.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:10:1
[Rashi on Ezra 4:10:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:10:1)

**וּשְׁאָר אוּמַּיָּא.** וּשְׁאָר הָעוֹבְדֵי כּוֹכָבִים וּמַזָּלוֹת אֲשֶׁר הִגְלָה סַנְחֵרִיב, כֻּלָּם הִסְכִּימוּ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**And the rest of the nations** and the rest of the nations that Sennacherib exiled; they have all concurred.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:10:2
[Rashi on Ezra 4:10:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:10:2)

**אָסְנַפַּר.** סַנְחֵרִיב (מלכים ב יח:יג)׃

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Asenappar** Sennacherib.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:10:3
[Rashi on Ezra 4:10:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:10:3)

**רַבָּא וְיַקִּירָא.** שֶׁהָיָה מֶלֶךְ גָּדוֹל וּמְכֻבָּד, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר ״כֹּה אָמַר הַמֶּלֶךְ הַגָּדוֹל מֶלֶךְ אַשּׁוּר״ (ישעיה לו:ד):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**the great and honored** for he was a great and honored king, as it says (Isa. 36:4): “So has the great king, the king of Assyria, said.”


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:10:4
[Rashi on Ezra 4:10:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:10:4)

**וְהוֹתֵב הִמּוֹ.** הוֹשִׁיב אוֹתָם:


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:10:5
[Rashi on Ezra 4:10:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:10:5)

**בְּקִרְיָה דִּי שָׁמְרָיִן.** בֶּעָרִים אֲשֶׁר סְבִיבוֹת שׁוֹמְרוֹן:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**in the cities of Samaria** in the cities surrounding Samaria.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:10:6
[Rashi on Ezra 4:10:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:10:6)

**וּשְׁאָר עֲבַר נַהֲרָה.** וּשְׁאָר הָעוֹבְדֵי כּוֹכָבִים וּמַזָּלוֹת אֲשֶׁר בְּעֵבֶר הַנָּהָר, לְפִי שֶׁהַנָּהָר נְהַר פְּרָת מַפְסִיק בֵּין אֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל לְבָבֶל, נִמְצְאוּ אוֹתָן עוֹבְדֵי כּוֹכָבִים וּמַזָּלוֹת שֶׁלְצַד אֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל הֵם בְּעֵבֶר הַנָּהָר לְאוֹתָן הָעוֹמְדִים בְּבָבֶל:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and the rest of the other side of the river** and the rest of the nations that are on the other side of the river; because the river Euphrates intervenes between the land of Israel and Babylon, those nations that are in Israel are on the opposite side of the river of those found in Babylon.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:10:7
[Rashi on Ezra 4:10:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:10:7)

**וּכְעֶנֶת.** שֵׁם מָקוֹם וְאַנְשֵׁי כְעֶנֶת כֻּלָּם הָיוּ מַסְכִּימִים בִּשְׁלִיחוּת הַמִּכְתָּב הַזֶּה:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and Ke’eneth** a name of a place; and all the people of Ke’eneth have concurred with the commission of this letter.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:11:1
[Rashi on Ezra 4:11:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:11:1)

**דְּנָה פַּרְשֶׁגֶן אִגַּרְתָּא.** וְזֶהוּ פִּתְרוֹן הָאִגֶּרֶת:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**This is the meaning of the letter** and this is the interpretation of the letter.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:11:2
[Rashi on Ezra 4:11:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:11:2)

**פַּרְשֶׁגֶן.** כְּמוֹ פַּתְשֶׁגֶן הַכְּתָב (אסתר ג:יד):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**the meaning** Aram. פַּרְשֶּׁגֶן like (Esther 3:14): “The meaning of (פַּתְשֶּׁגֶן) the writ.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:11:3
[Rashi on Ezra 4:11:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:11:3)

**דִּי שְׁלַחוּ עֲלוֹהִי.** אֲשֶׁר שָׁלְחוּ אֵלָיו:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**that they sent to him** [as translated,] that they sent to him.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:11:4
[Rashi on Ezra 4:11:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:11:4)

**עַל אַרְתַּחְשַׁשְׂתְּא.** אֶל אַרְתַּחְשַׁשְׂתְּא:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**to Artaxerxes** [as translated,] to Artaxerxes.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:11:5
[Rashi on Ezra 4:11:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:11:5)

**עַבְדָךְ אֱנָשׁ עֲבַר נַהֲרָה וּכְעֶנֶת.** עַבְדֶיךָ הֵם אַנְשֵׁי עֵבֶר הַנָּהָר וְאַנְשֵׁי כְעֶנֶת. כָּל עוֹבְדֵי כּוֹכָבִים וּמַזָּלוֹת הַמְּנוּיוֹת כָּאן נִכְלָלוֹת בִּכְלָל זֶה, שֶׁכֻּלָּן הָיוּ לְצַד אֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל שֶׁהוּא עֵבֶר הַנָּהָר לְאוֹתָם הַשּׁוֹכְנִים בְּבָבֶל. וְזֶהוּ תְּחִלַּת הַמִּכְתָּב: **עַבְדָךְ אֱנָשׁ עֲבַר נַהֲרָה וְגוֹמֵר** עַד **לָא אִיתַי לָךְ**:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Your servants are the people of the other side of the river and Ke’eneth** The people of the other side of the river and the people of Ke’eneth are your servants. All the nations counted here are included in this generalization, for they were all on the side of the land of Israel, which is on the opposite side of the river of those dwelling in Babylon, and this is the beginning of the letter: “Your servants are the people of the other side of the river etc.” until, “...you will have no part.”


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:12:1
[Rashi on Ezra 4:12:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:12:1)

**יְדִיעַ לֶהֱוֵא לְמַלְכָּא.** דָּבָר יָדוּעַ יִהְיֶה לַמֶּלֶךְ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Let it be known to the king** Let it be a known thing to the king.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:12:2
[Rashi on Ezra 4:12:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:12:2)

**דִּי יְהוּדָיֵא.** אֲשֶׁר הַיְּהוּדִים שֶׁעָלוּ מֵאִתְּךָ אֵלֵינוּ בָּאוּ לִירוּשָׁלַיִם:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**that the Jews** that the Jews who ascended from you upon us have come to Jerusalem.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:12:3
[Rashi on Ezra 4:12:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:12:3)

**קִרְיְתָא מָרָדְתָּא וּבָאִישְׁתָּא בָּנַיִן.** עִיר מוֹרֶדֶת וְחוֹטֵאת הֵם בּוֹנִים:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**the rebellious and sinful city they are building** [as translated,] a rebellious and sinful city they are building.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:12:4
[Rashi on Ezra 4:12:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:12:4)

**וְשׁוּרַיָּא שַׁכְלִילוּ.** וְהַחוֹמוֹת יִסְּדוּ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**the walls they have completed** [as translated,] the walls they have completed.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:12:5
[Rashi on Ezra 4:12:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:12:5)

**וְאֻשַּׁיָּא.** הַכְּתָלִים:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and the walls** [as translated,] and the walls.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:12:6
[Rashi on Ezra 4:12:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:12:6)

**יְחִיטוּ.** לְשׁוֹן פְּתִיל, כְּמוֹ ״אִם מִחוּט״ (בראשית יד:כג), שֶׁהֵם חוֹפְרִים וּמְחַבְּרִים הַכְּתָלִים זֶה עִם זֶה:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**they have joined** Aram. יָחִיטוּ, an expression of a thread, like (Gen. 14:23): “not from a thread, (מִחוּטּ),” for they are “sewing” and joining the walls one to another.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:13:1
[Rashi on Ezra 4:13:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:13:1)

**כְּעַן יְדִיעַ.** עַתָּה יָדוּעַ יִהְיֶה לַמֶּלֶךְ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Now let it be known** Now let it be known to the king.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:13:2
[Rashi on Ezra 4:13:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:13:2)

**דִּי הֵן קִרְיְתָא דָךְ תִּתְבְּנֵא.** אֲשֶׁר אִם הָעִיר הַזֹּאת תִּבָּנֶה:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**that if this city is built** [as translated,] that if this city is built.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:13:3
[Rashi on Ezra 4:13:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:13:3)

**דַּךְ.** זֹאת:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**this** [as translated,] this.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:13:4
[Rashi on Ezra 4:13:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:13:4)

**וְשׁוּרַיָּא יִשְׁתַּכְלְלוּן.** וְהַחוֹמוֹת יִהְיוּ מְיֻסָּדוֹת׃

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and the walls are founded** [as translated,] and the walls are founded.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:13:5
[Rashi on Ezra 4:13:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:13:5)

**מִנְדָּה בְלוֹ וַהֲלָךְ.** מִינֵי מִסִּים הֵם וְכֶסֶף גֻּלְגֹּלֶת:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**the king’s due, the head tax, or the meal tax** They are types of taxes and the money for the head taxes.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:13:6
[Rashi on Ezra 4:13:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:13:6)

**לֹא יִנְתְּנוּן.** לֹא יִתְּנוּ עוֹד מַס:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**they will not give** They will no longer pay taxes.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:13:7
[Rashi on Ezra 4:13:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:13:7)

**וְאַפְתֹּם מְלָכִים תְּהַנְזִיק.** וּמַס הַמְּלָכִים תֻּזַּק שֶׁלֹּא יִתְּנוּ עוֹד מַס לַמְּלָכִים:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and the tax of the kings will suffer** [as translated,] and the tax of the kings will suffer, for they will no longer give tax to the kings.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:14:1
[Rashi on Ezra 4:14:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:14:1)

**כְּעַן כָּל קֳבֵל דִּי מְלַח הֵיכְלָא מְלַחְנָא.** עַתָּה כָּל כְּנֶגֶד דָּבָר זֶה אֲשֶׁר חֻרְבַּן הַהֵיכָל אָנוּ רוֹצִים לְהַחֲרִיב, **דִּי מְלַח** לְשׁוֹן חוּרְבָּן וְשִׁמָּמוֹן כְּמוֹ ״אֶרֶץ מְלֵחָה וְלֹא תֵשֵׁב״ (ירמיה יז:ו):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Now in view of this, that we wish to destroy the Temple** Now in view of this matter, that we wish to implement the destruction of the Temple. דִי מְלַח is an expression of destruction and desolation, like Jer. 17:6): “barren (מְלֵחָה) land that is uninhabitable.”


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:14:2
[Rashi on Ezra 4:14:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:14:2)

**מְלַחְנָא.** אָנוּ רוֹצִים לִסְתּוֹר וּלְהַחֲרִיב:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**we wish to destroy** We wish to demolish and to destroy.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:14:3
[Rashi on Ezra 4:14:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:14:3)

**וְעַרְוַת מַלְכָּא.** וּבִזְיוֹן הַמֶּלֶךְ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and... the king’s disgrace** Aram. וְעַרְוַת מַלְכָּא, lit. and the king’s nakedness.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:14:4
[Rashi on Ezra 4:14:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:14:4)

**לָא אֲרִיךְ.** אֵינוֹ הָגוּן לָנוּ לִרְאוֹת, אֲרִיךְ הָגוּן כְּמוֹ ״אֲרִיךְ אוֹ לָא אֲרִיךְ״ בְּמַסֶּכֶת סֻכָּה:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**it is improper** Aram. לָא אַרִיךְ, it is improper for us to see. אַרִיךְ means proper, like “Is it proper (אַרִיךְ) or improper (לָא אַרִיךְ)?” in Tractate Succah (44b).


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:14:5
[Rashi on Ezra 4:14:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:14:5)

**עַל דְּנָה.** עַל זֹאת שָׁלַחְנוּ וְהוֹדַעְנוּ לַמֶּלֶךְ׃

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**therefore** therefore we have sent and notified the king.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:15:1
[Rashi on Ezra 4:15:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:15:1)

**דִּי יְבַקַּר.** אֲשֶׁר יְבַקֵּר וְיִדְרֹשׁ הַדּוֹרֵשׁ בְּסֵפֶר הַזִּכְרוֹנוֹת שֶׁל אֲבוֹתֶיךָ הַמְּלָכִים הָרִאשׁוֹנִים:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**That one should search** that a seeker should search and seek in the annals of your fathers, the first kings.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:15:2
[Rashi on Ezra 4:15:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:15:2)

**וְתִהַשְׁכַּח.** וְתִמְצָא בְּסֵפֶר הַזִּכְרוֹנוֹת וְתֵדַע כִּי הָעִיר הַזֹּאת עִיר מוֹרֶדֶת וּמַזֶּקֶת הַמְּלָכִים וְהַמְּדִינוֹת׃

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and you will find** And you will find in the annals, and you will know that this city is a rebellious city, and it injures the kings and the countries.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:15:3
[Rashi on Ezra 4:15:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:15:3)

**וְאֶשְׁתַּדּוּר עָבְדִין בְּגַוַּהּ.** וּמֶרֶד הָיוּ עוֹשִׂים יוֹשְׁבֶיהָ בְּתוֹכָהּ, שֶׁהָיוּ יִשְׂרָאֵל מוֹרְדִין בְּמַלְכֵי הָעוֹבְדֵי כּוֹכָבִים וּמַזָּלוֹת:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and they have made rebellion in its midst** And its inhabitants were making rebellion in its midst, for Israel would rebel against the kings of the nations.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:15:4
[Rashi on Ezra 4:15:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:15:4)

**מִן יוֹמָת עָלְמָא.** מִימוֹת הָעוֹלָם, מִיָּמִים קַדְמוֹנִים, כָּךְ הָיָה מִנְהָגָם לִמְרוֹד בְּמַלְכֵי הָעוֹבְדֵי כּוֹכָבִים וּמַזָּלוֹת:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**since days of yore** Aram. מִן יוֹמָת עָלְמָא, from days of yore. Since ancient times, it has been their custom to rebel against the kings of the nations.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:15:5
[Rashi on Ezra 4:15:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:15:5)

**עַל דְּנָה.** עַל כָּךְ הָיְתָה הָעִיר הַזֹּאת חֲרֵבָה:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**because of this** Because of this, this city was destroyed.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:16:1
[Rashi on Ezra 4:16:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:16:1)

**מְהוֹדְעִין אֲנַחְנָה לְמַלְכָּא.** מוֹדִיעִין אֲנַחְנָא לַמֶּלֶךְ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**We make known to the king** [as translated,] we make known to the king.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:16:2
[Rashi on Ezra 4:16:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:16:2)

**דִּי הֵן קִרְיְתָא דָךְ.** אֲשֶׁר אִם הָעִיר הַזֹּאת תִּבָּנֶה וְחוֹמוֹתֶיהָ מְיֻסָּדִין:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**that if this city** that if this city is built, and its walls are founded.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:16:3
[Rashi on Ezra 4:16:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:16:3)

**לָקֳבֵל דְּנָה.** כְּנֶגֶד כֵּן וּבִשְׁבִיל כָּךְ אֵין לְךָ חֵלֶק בְּכָל עֲבַר נַהֲרָא, לְפִי שֶׁיִּשְׂרָאֵל יִהְיוּ מוֹרְדִין בְּךָ וְיִקְחוּ הַכֹּל מִיָּדֶךָ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**because of this** In view of this and because of this, you will have no part in the entire other side of the river, because Israel will rebel against you and take everything out of your hands.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:16:4
[Rashi on Ezra 4:16:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:16:4)

**בְּעֵבֶר נַהֲרָא.** הִיא כָּל הָאָרֶץ שֶׁל צַד אֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל שֶׁהוּא עֵבֶר הַנָּהָר לְאוֹתָן שֶׁבְּבָבֶל:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**in the other side of the river** That is the entire area of the side of Israel, which is on the other side of the river of those who are in Babylon.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:17:1
[Rashi on Ezra 4:17:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:17:1)

**פִּתְגָמָא שְׁלַח מַלְכָּא.** דָּבָר שָׁלַח הַמֶּלֶךְ׃

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**The king sent a word** Aram. פִּתְגָּמָא שְּׁלַח מַלְכָּא


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:17:2
[Rashi on Ezra 4:17:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:17:2)

**עַל רְחוּם בְּעֵל טְעֵם.** אֶל רְחוּם הַמַּזְכִּיר וְשִׁמְשַׁי הַסּוֹפֵר וּלְשָׁאר סִיעוֹתֵיהֶם הַיּוֹשְׁבִים בְּעָרֵי שׁוֹמְרוֹן, וּלְשָׁאר הָעוֹבְדֵי כּוֹכָבִים וּמַזָּלוֹת אֲשֶׁר בְּעֵבֶר הַנָּהָר לְצַד אֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**to Rehum the secretary** to Rehum the secretary, and Shimshai the scribe, and to the rest of their companies, who dwelt in the cities of Samaria, and to the rest of the nations who were on the other side of the river of the side of the land of Israel.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:17:3
[Rashi on Ezra 4:17:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:17:3)

**שְׁלָם וּכְעֶת.** מְקוֹמוֹת הֵם, וּכְעֶת כְּמוֹ ״וּכְעֶנֶת״ (עזרא ד:יא), פְּעָמִים קוֹרְהוּ כָּךְ וּפְעָמִים כָּךְ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Shelam and Ke’eth** They are places, like “and Ke’eneth.” Sometimes he calls it this and sometimes that.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:18:1
[Rashi on Ezra 4:18:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:18:1)

**נִשְׁתְּוָנָא.** כְּתָב הַנִּשְׁתְּוָן אֲשֶׁר שְׁלַחְתֶּם אֵלֵינוּ הָיָה **מְפֹרָשׁ וְקָרוּי לְפָנַי**׃

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**The letter** The writ of the letter that you sent to us was explained and read before me.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:19:1
[Rashi on Ezra 4:19:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:19:1)

**שִׂים טְעֵם.** וּמֵאִתִּי הָיְתָה שִׂימַת דְּבַר צִוּוּי אֲשֶׁר צִוִּיתִי:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**the order was given** And the order was given by me, the matter of a command that I commanded.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:19:2
[Rashi on Ezra 4:19:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:19:2)

**וּבַקַּרוּ וְהַשְׁכַּחוּ.** וּבָדְקוּ בְּסֵפֶר הַזִּכְרוֹנוֹת הַמְּלָכִים וּמָצְאוּ כָתוּב אֲשֶׁר הָעִיר הַזֹּאת מִימוֹת הָעוֹלָם הָיְתָה מִתְנַשֵּׂאת וּמִתְרוֹמֶמֶת עַל כָּל מַלְכֵי הָעוֹבְדֵי כּוֹכָבִים וּמַזָּלוֹת:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and they searched and found** And they searched in the annals of the kings and found written that this city, from days of yore, would raise itself up and exalt itself over all the kings of the nations.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:19:3
[Rashi on Ezra 4:19:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:19:3)

**וּמְרַד.** וְסַרְבָנוּת הָיוּ עוֹשִׂים בָּהּ לִמְרוֹד בְּמַלְכֵי הָעוֹבְדֵי כּוֹכָבִים וּמַזָּלוֹת:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and rebellion.** and disobedience were committed there to rebel against the kings of the nations.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:20:1
[Rashi on Ezra 4:20:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:20:1)

**וּמַלְכִין תַּקִּיפִין.** וּמְלָכִים חֲזָקִים הָיוּ בִּירוּשָׁלַיִם שֶׁהָיוּ מוֹשְׁלִים וְשַׁלִּיטִים בְּכָל עֵבֶר הַנָּהָר שֶׁל צַד אֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל, כְּמוֹ שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר בִּשְׁלֹמֹה ״כִּי הוּא רֹדֶה בְּכָל עֵבֶר הַנָּהָר וְגוֹ׳״ (מלכים א ד:ה). וּמִסִּים וְכֶסֶף גֻּלְגֹּלֶת הָיָה נָתוּן לָהֶם, שֶׁהָיוּ הָעוֹבְדֵי כּוֹכָבִים וּמַזָּלוֹת מַעֲלִין לָהֶם מַס:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**And mighty kings** and mighty kings were in Jerusalem who were the rulers and governors over the entire side of the river on the side of Israel, as it says regarding Solomon (I Kings 5:4): “For he had dominion over all this side of the river, etc.” And taxes and the head tax were given to them, for the nations paid them tribute.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:21:1
[Rashi on Ezra 4:21:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:21:1)

**כְּעַן שִׂימוּ טְעֵם.** עַתָּה שִׂימוּ דָבָר לְהַכְרִיז בָּאָרֶץ לְבַטֵּל אֲנָשִׁים הַלָּלוּ בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל מִן הַבִּנְיָן, וְהָעִיר הַזֹּאת יְרוּשָׁלַיִם לֹא תִבָּנֶה עַד אֲשֶׁר מִמֶּנִּי יוּשַׂם הַדָּבָר לִבְנוֹת הָעִיר עַל דַּעְתִּי וּרְשׁוּתִי:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Now issue an order** Now give out a word to announce in the land to stop these men, the Children of Israel, from the work, and the city of Jerusalem shall not be built until orders are given with my knowledge and my authorization.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:22:1
[Rashi on Ezra 4:22:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:22:1)

**וּזְהִירִין הֱווֹ שָׁלוּ.** וּזְהִירִין תִּהְיוּ לַעֲשׂוֹת דִּחוּי וּשְׁגָגָה, **שָׁלוּ** דשטורביר בְּלַעַ״ז:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**And beware of committing an error** And you shall beware of committing any postponement or error. שָּׁלוּ is desto(u)rber in Old French, to violate.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:22:2
[Rashi on Ezra 4:22:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:22:2)

**לְמֶעְבַּד עַל דְּנָה.** לַעֲשׂוֹת עַל כָּךְ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**of committing...in this matter** [as translated,] of committing in this manner.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:22:3
[Rashi on Ezra 4:22:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:22:3)

**לָמָּה יִשְׂגֵּא.** מַדּוּעַ יִגְדַּל מַעֲשֵׂה הַשְׁחָתָה בָּעִיר הַזֹּאת לְהַזִּיק הַמְּלָכִים. עַד כָּאן תְּשׁוּבַת כּוֹרֶשׁ אֲשֶׁר הֵשִׁיב:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Why should...increase** Why should the act of destruction in this city increase to injure the kings? Until here is Cyrus’ reply, which he sent back.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:23:1
[Rashi on Ezra 4:23:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:23:1)

**אֱדַיִן.** אָז:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**then** [as translated,] then.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:23:2
[Rashi on Ezra 4:23:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:23:2)

**דִּי פַרְשֶׁגֶן.** מִן פִּתְרוֹן כְּתַב הַנִּשְׁתְּוָן שֶׁל אַרְתַּחְשַׁשְׂתְּא הַמֶּלֶךְ הוּא כּוֹרֶשׁ הָיָה הַמַּעֲשֶׂה הַזֶּה:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**since the interpretation** Since the interpretation of the writ of the letter of Artaxerxes the king—he is Cyrus—this incident took place.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:23:3
[Rashi on Ezra 4:23:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:23:3)

**קְרִי קֳדָם.** שֶׁהָיָה כְּתָב הַנִּשְׁתְּוָן קָרוּי לִפְנֵי רְחוּם וְשִׁמְשַׁי וְסִיעָתֵיהֶם, וְהָלְכוּ בִּמְרוּצָה וּבְבֶהָלָה לִירוּשָׁלַיִם אֶל הַיְּהוּדִים, וּבִטְּלוּ אוֹתָם בִּזְרוֹעַ וְכֹחַ שֶׁלֹּא לִבְנוֹת עוֹד הַבִּנְיָן:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**was read before** for the writ of this letter was read before Rehum and Shimshai and their companies, and they went with speed and haste to Jerusalem, to the Jews, and stopped them with force and might from continuing the construction of the edifice.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:23:4
[Rashi on Ezra 4:23:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:23:4)

**עַל יְהוּדָיֵא.** אֶל הַיְּהוּדִים:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**to the Jews** Aram. עַל יְהוּדָיֵא, lit. On the Jews.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:23:5
[Rashi on Ezra 4:23:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:23:5)

**הֵמּוֹ.** הֵם:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and they** Aram. הִמוֹ, equivalent to הֵם.


###### Rashi on Ezra 4:24:1
[Rashi on Ezra 4:24:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Ezra/r/4:24:1)

**בְּאֵדַיִן.** אָז הָיְתָה בְּטֵלָה מְלֶאכֶת בִּנְיַן בֵּית אֱלֹהִים אֲשֶׁר בִּירוּשָׁלַיִם **עַד שְׁנַת שְׁתַּיִם לְדָרְיָוֶשׁ מֶלֶךְ פָּרָס.** שֶׁאַחַר כּוֹרֶשׁ מָלַךְ אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ שֶׁלָּקַח אֶסְתֵּר, וְאַחַר אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ מָלַךְ דָּרְיָוֶשׁ בְּנוֹ שֶׁל אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ שֶׁהוּא בֶּן אֶסְתֵּר. וּמִשְּׁנַת אַחַת לְכוֹרֶשׁ מֶלֶךְ פָּרַס עַד שְׁנַת שְׁתַּיִם לְדָרְיָוֶשׁ שְׁמֹנֶה עֶשְׂרֵה שָׁנָה, שֶׁהִשְׁלִימוּ שִׁבְעִים שָׁנָה לְחָרְבוֹת יְרוּשָׁלַיִם. שֶׁהֲרֵי מֵחֻרְבַּן הַבַּיִת שֶׁגָּלָה צִדְקִיָּהוּ עַד שְׁנַת אַחַת לְכוֹרֶשׁ חֲמִשִּׁים וּשְׁתַּיִם שָׁנָה, כַּמְפֹרָשׁ בְּסֵדֶר עוֹלָם (פרק כט). וּשְׁמֹנֶה עֶשְׂרֵה שָׁנָה מִשְּׁנַת א׳ לְכוֹרֶשׁ עַד שְׁנַת שְׁתַּיִם לְדָרְיָוֶשׁ, נִמְצְאוּ שִׁבְעִים שָׁנָה שְׁלֵמִים. וּבִשְׁנַת שְׁתַּיִם לְדָרְיָוֶשׁ הִתְחִילוּ לִבְנוֹת הַבִּנְיָן עַד שֶׁגְּמָרוּהוּ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Then** Then the work of the building of the House of God, which was in Jerusalem, was suspended until the second year of Darius, the king of Persia; for after Cyrus, Ahasuerus, who married Esther, reigned, and after Ahasuerus, Darius, the son of Ahasuerus, who was the son of Esther, reigned. And from the first year of Cyrus, the king of Persia, until the second year of Darius were eighteen years, which completed the seventy years from the destruction of Jerusalem. For from the destruction of the Temple, when Zedekiah was exiled, until the first year of Cyrus, were fifty-two years, as is explained in Seder Olam (ch. 29). There were then eighteen years from the first year of Cyrus until the second year of Darius, totaling a complete seventy years, and in the second year of Darius they commenced to build the Temple until they completed it.