## Rashi on Genesis Chapter 45

###### Rashi on Genesis 45:1:1
[Rashi on Genesis 45:1:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Genesis/r/45:1:1)

**ולא יכל יוסף להתאפק לכל הנצבים.** לֹא הָיָה יָכוֹל לִסְבֹּל שֶׁיִּהְיוּ מִצְרִים נִצָּבִים עָלָיו וְשׁוֹמְעִין שֶׁאֶחָיו מִתְבַּיְּשִׁין בְּהִוָּדְעוֹ לָהֶם:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
ולא יכל יוסף להתאפק לכל הנצבים AND JOSEPH COULD NOT REFRAIN HIMSELF BEFORE ALL THEM THAT STOOD — He could not bear that the Egyptians should stand by him witnessing how his brothers would be put to shame when he made himself known to them.


###### Rashi on Genesis 45:2:1
[Rashi on Genesis 45:2:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Genesis/r/45:2:1)

**וישמע בית פרעה.** בֵּיתוֹ שֶׁל פַּרְעֹה, כְּלוֹמַר, עֲבָדָיו וּבְנֵי בֵיתוֹ, וְאֵין זֶה לְשׁוֹן בַּיִת מַמָּשׁ, אֶלָּא כְמוֹ בֵּית יִשְׂרָאֵל, בֵּית יְהוּדָה, מישנ"דה בְּלַעַז:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
וישמע בית פרעה AND THE HOUSE OF PHARAOH HEARD IT — The house of Pharaoh means his servants and the members of his household. בית here does not mean an actual house (so that the words would mean “and one heard it in the house of Pharaoh; cf. 5:16), but it is similar to (1 Kings 12:21) בית ישראל “the house of Israel”, or בית יהודה the house of Judah”, meaning the people of Judah. old French maisniede English all the inmates of a house.


###### Rashi on Genesis 45:3:1
[Rashi on Genesis 45:3:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Genesis/r/45:3:1)

**נבהלו מפניו.** מִפְּנֵי הַבּוּשָׁה:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
נבהלו מפניו [FOR] THEY WERE AMAZED AT HIS PRESENCE — out of shame.


###### Rashi on Genesis 45:4:1
[Rashi on Genesis 45:4:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Genesis/r/45:4:1)

**גשו נא אלי.** רָאָה אוֹתָם נְסוֹגִים לְאָחוֹר, אָמַר עַכְשָׁו אַחַי נִכְלָמִים, קָרָא לָהֶם בְּלָשׁוֹן רַכָּה וְתַחֲנוּנִים, וְהֶרְאָה לָהֶם שֶׁהוּא מָהוּל (בראשית רבה):

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
גשו נא אלי STEP NEAR TO ME, I PRAY YOU — He saw that they recoiled and he said to himself “Now my brothers feel ashamed”. He therefore called to them and showed them that he was circumcised. (Genesis Rabbah 93:10).


###### Rashi on Genesis 45:5:1
[Rashi on Genesis 45:5:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Genesis/r/45:5:1)

**למחיה.** לִהְיוֹת לָכֶם לְמִחְיָה:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
למחיה FOR THE PRESERVATION OF LIFE — i.e. that I may be to you for a preservation of life.


###### Rashi on Genesis 45:6:1
[Rashi on Genesis 45:6:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Genesis/r/45:6:1)

**כי זה שנתים הרעב.** עָבְרוּ מִשְּׁנֵי הָרָעָב:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
כי זה שנתים הרעב means FOR THESE TWO YEARS OF FAMINE have passed of the years of famine that are to come in the land.


###### Rashi on Genesis 45:8:1
[Rashi on Genesis 45:8:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Genesis/r/45:8:1)

**לאב.** לְחָבֵר וּלְפַטְרוֹן:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
לאב A FATHER — he made me his colleague and he bestowed on me the dignity of “Father of the king.”


###### Rashi on Genesis 45:9:1
[Rashi on Genesis 45:9:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Genesis/r/45:9:1)

**ועלו אל אבי.** אֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל גְּבוֹהָה מִכָּל הָאֲרָצוֹת:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
ועלו אל אבי AND GO UP TO MY FATHER — he said “go up” because the land of Israel is situated higher than all the neighbouring countries (Kiddushin 69a).


###### Rashi on Genesis 45:11:1
[Rashi on Genesis 45:11:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Genesis/r/45:11:1)

**פן תורש.** דִּלְמָא תִּתְמַסְכַּן, לְשׁוֹן מוֹרִישׁ וּמַעֲשִׁיר:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
פן תורש — The Targum renders this by דלמא תתמסכן LEST THOU BE IMPOVERISHED, for the verb is of the same root as we find in (1 Samuel 2:7) “The Lord maketh poor (מוריש) and maketh rich”.


###### Rashi on Genesis 45:12:1
[Rashi on Genesis 45:12:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Genesis/r/45:12:1)

**והנה עיניכם ראות.** בִּכְבוֹדִי, וְשֶׁאֲנִי אֲחִיכֶם שֶׁאֲנִי מָהוּל כָּכֶם, וְעוֹד, **כי פי המדבר אליכם** בִּלְשׁוֹן הַקֹּדֶשׁ (בראשית רבה):

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
והנה עיניכם ראות AND, BEHOLD, YOUR EYES SEE my glory, and that I am your brother, and further כי פי המדבר אליכם THAT IT IS MY MOUTH THAT SPEAKETH TO YOU in the Holy Language) (Genesis Rabbah 93:10).


###### Rashi on Genesis 45:12:2
[Rashi on Genesis 45:12:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Genesis/r/45:12:2)

**ועיני אחי בנימין.** הִשְׁוָה אֶת כֻּלָּם יַחַד לוֹמַר, שֶׁכְּשֵׁם שֶׁאֵין לִי שִׂנְאָה עַל בִּנְיָמִין אָחִי, שֶׁהֲרֵי לֹא הָיָה בִמְכִירָתִי, כָּךְ אֵין בְּלִבִּי שִׂנְאָה עֲלֵיכֶם:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
ועיני אחי בנימין [YOUR EYES] AND THE EYES OF MY BROTHER BENJAMIN — he mentions them separately and alike to imply: just as I harbour no hatred against Benjamin, my brother, for he was no party to selling me, so is my heart free from hatred against you (Megillah 16b).


###### Rashi on Genesis 45:14:1
[Rashi on Genesis 45:14:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Genesis/r/45:14:1)

**ויפל על צוארי בנימין אחיו ויבך.** עַל שְׁנֵי מִקְדָּשׁוֹת שֶׁעֲתִידִין לִהְיוֹת בְּחֶלְקוֹ שֶׁל בִּנְיָמִין וְסוֹפָן לֵחָרֵב:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
ויפל על צוארי בנימן אחיו ויבך AND HE FELL UPON HIS BROTHER BENJAMIN’S NECK AND WEPT — for the Temples which were to be in Benjamin’s territory and which would ultimately be laid in ruins (Genesis Rabbah 93:12).


###### Rashi on Genesis 45:14:2
[Rashi on Genesis 45:14:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Genesis/r/45:14:2)

**ובנימין בכה על צואריו.** עַל מִשְׁכַּן שִׁילֹה שֶׁעָתִיד לִהְיוֹת בְּחֶלְקוֹ שֶׁל יוֹסֵף וְסוֹפוֹ לֵחָרֵב (שם):

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
ובנימין בכה על צואריו AND BENJAMIN WEPT ON HIS NECK — for the Tabernacle of Shiloh which was to be in Joseph’s territory and which would ultimately be laid in ruins (Genesis Rabbah 93:12).


###### Rashi on Genesis 45:15:1
[Rashi on Genesis 45:15:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Genesis/r/45:15:1)

**ואחרי כן.** מֵאַחַר שֶׁרָאוּהוּ בוֹכֶה וְלִבּוֹ שָׁלֵם עִמָּהֶם **דברו אחיו אתו** שֶׁמִּתְּחִלָּה הָיוּ בוֹשִׁים מִמֶּנּוּ:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
ואחרי כן AND AFTER THAT — after they saw that he wept and realized that he was peaceably inclined towards them, דברו אחיו אתו HIS BRETHREN SPAKE WITH HIM — For at first they felt abashed before him.


###### Rashi on Genesis 45:16:1
[Rashi on Genesis 45:16:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Genesis/r/45:16:1)

**והקל נשמע בית פרעה.** כְּמוֹ בְּבֵית פַּרְעֹה, וְזֶהוּ לְשׁוֹן בַּיִת מַמָּשׁ:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
והקל נשמע בית פרעה AND THE FAME THEREOF WAS HEARD IN PHARAOH’S HOUSE — It is the same as בבית, in the house of Pharaoh and here it denotes the actual house (cp. 45:2).


###### Rashi on Genesis 45:17:1
[Rashi on Genesis 45:17:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Genesis/r/45:17:1)

**טענו את בעירכם.** תְּבוּאָה:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
טענו את בעירכם LADE YOUR BEASTS — with grain.


###### Rashi on Genesis 45:18:1
[Rashi on Genesis 45:18:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Genesis/r/45:18:1)

**את טוב ארץ מצרים.** אֶרֶץ גֹּשֶׁן, נִבָּא וְאֵינוֹ יוֹדֵעַ מַה נִּבָּא, סוֹפָם לַעֲשׂוֹתָהּ כִּמְצוּלָה שֶׁאֵין בָּהּ דָּגִים:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
את טוב אוץ מצרים THE BEST OF THE LAND OF EGYPT — viz., the district of Goshen. He prophesied without knowing what he was prophesying when he said “I shall give you the best of the land of Egypt”, for ultimately they were to make it like the depths of the sea in which there are no fish (i.e. that they would carry away the best of the land when they would leave Egypt) (Berakhot 9b).


###### Rashi on Genesis 45:18:2
[Rashi on Genesis 45:18:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Genesis/r/45:18:2)

**חלב הארץ.** כָּל חֵלֶב לְשׁוֹן מֵיטַב הוּא:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
חלב הארץ THE FAT OF THE LAND — The word חלב always denotes the best part of a thing.


###### Rashi on Genesis 45:19:1
[Rashi on Genesis 45:19:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Genesis/r/45:19:1)

**ואתה צויתה.** מִפִּי, לוֹמַר לָהֶם:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
ואתה צויתה NOW THOU ART COMMANDED — supply the words by me (lit, by my mouth) to say unto them


###### Rashi on Genesis 45:19:2
[Rashi on Genesis 45:19:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Genesis/r/45:19:2)

**זאת עשו.** כָּךְ אֱמֹר לָהֶם, שֶׁבִּרְשׁוּתִי הוּא:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
זאת עשו THIS DO YE — Thus tell them: that it is done with my permission.


###### Rashi on Genesis 45:23:1
[Rashi on Genesis 45:23:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Genesis/r/45:23:1)

**שלח כזאת.** כַּחֶשְׁבּוֹן הַזֶּה, וּמַהוּ הַחֶשְׁבּוֹן? **עשרה חמרים וגו'**:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
שלח כזאת HE SENT AFTER THIS MANNER — according to this amount. And what was the amount? עשרה חמרים וגו׳ ten asses etc (i.e. as much as ten asses could carry).


###### Rashi on Genesis 45:23:2
[Rashi on Genesis 45:23:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Genesis/r/45:23:2)

**מטוב מצרים.** מָצִינוּ בַתַּלְמוּד שֶׁשָּׁלַח לוֹ יַיִן יָשָׁן שֶׁדַּעַת זְקֵנִים נוֹחָה הֵימֶנּוּ, וּמִדְרַשׁ אַגָּדָה גְּרִיסִין שֶׁל פּוּל:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
מטוב מצרים OF THE BEST THINGS OF EGYPT — We find it stated in the Talmud (Megillah 16b) that he sent him old wine which old people like very much. The Midrash states that he sent him split beans. (Genesis Rabbah 94:2).


###### Rashi on Genesis 45:23:3
[Rashi on Genesis 45:23:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Genesis/r/45:23:3)

**בר ולחם.** כְּתַרְגּוּמוֹ:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
בר ולחם CORN AND BREAD — understand this as the Targum renders it.


###### Rashi on Genesis 45:23:4
[Rashi on Genesis 45:23:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Genesis/r/45:23:4)

**ומזון.** לִפְתָּן:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
ומזון means things that are eaten together with bread.


###### Rashi on Genesis 45:24:1
[Rashi on Genesis 45:24:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Genesis/r/45:24:1)

**אל תרגזו בדרך.** אַל תִּתְעַסְּקוּ בִּדְבַר הֲלָכָה שֶׁלֹּא תִרְגַּז עֲלֵיכֶם הַדֶּרֶךְ, דָּ"אַ אַל תַּפְסִיעוּ פְסִיעָה גַסָּה וְהִכָּנְסוּ בַחַמָּה לָעִיר; וּלְפִי פְשׁוּטוֹ שֶׁל מִקְרָא יֵשׁ לוֹמַר, לְפִי שֶׁהָיוּ נִכְלָמִים, הָיָה דוֹאֵג, שֶׁמָּא יָרִיבוּ בַדֶּרֶךְ עַל דְּבַר מְכִירָתוֹ, לְהִתְוַכֵּחַ זֶה עִם זֶה וְלוֹמַר עַל יָדְךָ נִמְכַּר, אַתָּה סִפַּרְתָּ לָשׁוֹן הָרָע עָלָיו, וְגָרַמְתָּ לָנוּ לִשְׂנֹאתוֹ:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
אל תרגזו בדרך BE NOT AGITATED BY THE WAY — Do not busy yourselves with Halachic discussions lest the road become unsteady for you (i.e. lest you lose your way). Another explanation is: Do not take very long steps and enter the town where you will stay over night while the sun is still shining (Taanit 10b). According to the plain sense of the verse, however, it must be explained thus: Because they felt ashamed he feared that they might quarrel on the way about his having been sold, arguing one with another. One would say: “It was through you he was sold”. Another: “It was you who made slanderous statements about him and caused us to hate him”.


###### Rashi on Genesis 45:26:1
[Rashi on Genesis 45:26:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Genesis/r/45:26:1)

**וכי הוא משל.** וַאֲשֶׁר הוּא מוֹשֵׁל:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
וכי הוא משל — the word וכי is used here in the sense of אשר “that”: AND THAT HE WAS RULER.


###### Rashi on Genesis 45:26:2
[Rashi on Genesis 45:26:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Genesis/r/45:26:2)

**ויפג לבו.** נֶחֱלַף לִבּוֹ וְהָלַךְ מִלְּהַאֲמִין, לֹא הָיָה לִבּוֹ פוֹנֶה אֶל הַדְּבָרִים, לְשׁוֹן מְפִיגִין טַעֲמָן בִּלְשׁוֹן מִשְׁנָה וּכְמוֹ מֵאֵין הֲפֻגוֹת (איכה ג'), וְרֵיחוֹ לֹא נָמָר (ירמיהו מ"ח), מְתַּרְגְּמִינַן וְרֵיחֵיהּ לָא פָג:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
ויפג לבו AND JACOB’S HEART CONTINUED COLD — his heart passed away (נחלף) and ceased to believe — his heart took no notice of their words. The word ויפג has the same meaning as (Beitzah 14a) “all spices let their taste pass away (מפיגין)” (i.e. lose their taste) in Mishnaic Hebrew. Similar is (Lamentations 3:49) “without (הפגות) intermission”. The words (Jeremiah 48:11) “and his scent is not changed (נמר)” is rendered in the Targum by “and his scent has not את כל דברי יוסף.


###### Rashi on Genesis 45:27:1
[Rashi on Genesis 45:27:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Genesis/r/45:27:1)

**את כל דברי יוסף.** סִימָן מָסַר לָהֶם בַּמֶּה הָיָה עוֹסֵק כְּשֶׁפֵּרֵשׁ מִמֶּנּוּ – בְּפָרָשַׁת עֶגְלָה עֲרוּפָה, זֶהוּ שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר **וירא את העגלות אשר שלח יוסף**, וְלֹא נֶאֱמַר אֲשֶׁר שָׁלַח פַּרְעֹה:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
.(פג ALL THE WORDS OF JOSEPH — As evidence that it was Joseph who was sending this message he had informed them of the religious subject he had been studying with his father at the time when he left him, viz., the section of the Heifer (עגלה) that had its neck broken (Deuteronomy 21:6). It is to this that Scripture refers in the words “And he saw (i.e comprehended the meaning of) the עגלות (here to be taken in sense of Heifer) which Joseph had sent — and it does not state “which Pharaoh had sent” (as one would expect if עגלות meant wagons) (Genesis Rabbah 94:3).


###### Rashi on Genesis 45:27:2
[Rashi on Genesis 45:27:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Genesis/r/45:27:2)

**ותחי רוח יעקב.** שָׁרְתָה עָלָיו שְׁכִינָה, שֶׁפֵּרְשָׁה מִמֶּנּוּ:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
ותחי רוח יעקב THE SPIRIT OF JACOB [THEIR FATHER] REVIVED — The Shechinah that had departed from him, rested again upon him (cf. Onkelos).


###### Rashi on Genesis 45:28:1
[Rashi on Genesis 45:28:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Genesis/r/45:28:1)

**רב.** רַב לִי עוֹד שִׂמְחָה וְחֶדְוָה הוֹאִיל וְעוֹד יוֹסֵף בְּנִי חַי:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
רב ENOUGH or MUCH — Much joy and pleasure is still in store for me, since my son Joseph is yet alive.