## Rashi on I Chronicles Chapter 1

###### Rashi on I Chronicles 1:1:1
[Rashi on I Chronicles 1:1:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20I%20Chronicles/r/1:1:1)

**אָדָם שֵׁת אֱנוֹשׁ.** עֶזְרָא כָּתַב סֵפֶר הַיַּחַס הַזֶּה עַל יְדֵי חַגַּי זְכַרְיָה וּמַלְאָכִי בְּתוֹךְ שְׁמוֹנֶה עֶשְׂרֵה שָׁנָה, שֶׁמֵּאוֹתוֹ זְמַן שֶׁבָּא לִירוּשָׁלַיִם זְרֻבָּבֶל וִיהוֹשֻׁעַ הַכֹּהֵן בִּימֵי כּוֹרֶשׁ הָרִאשׁוֹן עַד שֶׁבָּא כּוֹרֶשׁ בֶּן אֶסְתֵּר. וְהַכֹּל מִשּׁוּם יַחַס דָּוִד הַמֶּלֶךְ, וְהַלְוִיִּם לְשׁוֹעֲרִים וְלִשׁוֹמְרִים וְלִמְשׁוֹרְרִים, הֵיאַךְ הֶעֱמִידָן דָּוִד עַל מַעֲמָדָם וְהַכֹּהֲנִים לְמִשְׁמְרוֹתָם, לְפִיכָךְ יִחֲסָם מֵאָדָם וְעַד אַבְרָהָם. וּלְפִי שֶׁהֻצְרַךְ לְיַחֵס אֶת אַבְרָהָם הִזְכִּיר גַּם שְׁאָר הָעוֹבְדֵי כּוֹכָבִים וּמַזָּלוֹת, בָּנָיו וּבְנֵי בָנָיו. וּמִשּׁוּם בָּנָיו צָרִיךְ לְיַחֵס שְׁאָר עוֹבְדֵי כּוֹכָבִים וּמַזָּלוֹת בְּנֵי כְנַעַן, לְהוֹדִיעַ הֵיאַךְ יָרַשׁ אַבְרָהָם אֶת אַרְצָם. וּמֵאַחַר שֶׁהֻצְרַךְ לְהַזְכִּיר וּלְיַחֵס תּוֹלְדוֹת כְּנַעַן, הִזְכִּיר עַל גַּבָּם (תּוֹלְדוֹת) שְׁאָר עוֹבְדֵי כּוֹכָבִים וּמַזָּלוֹת, וּמַזְכִּירָם מְעַט מְעַט וּמַשְׁלִיכָם, עַד שֶׁהִגִּיעַ לָעִקָּר, כְּדִמְפָרֵשׁ בִּבְרֵאשִׁית רַבָּה (בראשית רבה לט:י): מָשָׁל לְאָדָם שֶׁהָיָה עוֹבֵר מִמָּקוֹם לְמָקוֹם וְנָפְלָה לוֹ מַרְגָּלִית, וְעָמַד הָאָדָם וְכָבַר בִּכְבָרָה הֶעָפָר עַד שֶׁמָּצָא מַרְגָּלִיּוֹת; כָּךְ אָמַר הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא: מַה לִּי לְיַחֵס שֵׁם וְאַרְפַּכְשַׁד וְכוּ׳ וְתֶרַח, אֶלָּא לִמְצֹא לְאַבְרָהָם, ״וּמָצָאתָ אֶת לְבָבוֹ נֶאֱמָן (לְפָנֶיךָ)״ (נחמיה ט:ח). וּמִפְּנֵי כְבוֹדוֹ שֶׁל יִצְחָק יִחֵס בְּנֵי עֵשָׂו וְיִשְׁמָעֵאל וּבְנֵי קְטוּרָה, וּמַשְׁלִיכָן מְעַט מְעַט וּמַנִּיחָן; וּבְנֵי שֵׂעִיר הַחֹרִי מַזְכִּיר עַל כִּי בְּנֵי עֵשָׂו יְרָשׁוּם, וְגַם לְיַחֵס תִּמְנַע שֶׁנַּעֲשֵׂית פִּילֶגֶשׁ לִבְנֵי אַבְרָהָם, לְהוֹדִיעַ שִׁבְחוֹ שֶׁל אַבְרָהָם, שֶׁהָיְתָה בְּנוֹת נְשִׂיאִים וְאַלּוּפִים וְרָצְתָה לִהְיוֹת פִּילֶגֶשׁ לְזֶרַע אַבְרָהָם, דִּכְתִיב ״וַאֲחוֹת לוֹטָן תִּמְנָע״ (בראשית לו:כב), וּכְתִיב ״וְתִמְנַע הָיְתָה פִילֶגֶשׁ״ (בראשית לו:יב) – אֶלָּא לְפִי שֶׁאָמְרָה: אִם אֵינִי כְדַאי לְהִנָּשֵׂא לוֹ לְאִשָּׁה, אֶהְיֶה לוֹ פִּילֶגֶשׁ (סנהדרין צט:). וְעוֹד לָכֵן יִחֵס בְּנֵי שֵׂעִיר, שֶׁהֵם הָיוּ אַלּוּפִים וּמְלָכִים, וְהַר שֵׂעִיר שֶׁל שֵׂעִיר הָיָה, וּבְאַהֲבַת יִצְחָק נְתָנָהּ הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא לְעֵשָׂו, דִּכְתִיב ״וּבְנֵי עֵשָׂו יִירָשׁוּם וַיֵּשְׁבוּ תַחְתָּם״ (דברים ב:יב); וּלְהוֹדִיעַ קִיּוּם דִּבְרֵי הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא שֶׁאָמַר לְיִצְחָק לְהַרְבּוֹת זַרְעוֹ וּלְהַשְׁלִיטוֹ בַּכֹּל, וּבִשְׁבִיל כְּבוֹדוֹ שֶׁל יִצְחָק כָּתַב כְּמוֹ כֵן ״אֵלֶּה הַמְּלָכִים אֲשֶׁר מָלְכוּ בְּאֶרֶץ אֱדוֹם וְגוֹמֵר״ (בראשית לו:לא):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Adam, Seth, Enosh** Ezra wrote this book of genealogy through Haggai, Zechariah, and Malachi during the eighteen years from the name that Zerubbabel and Joshua the Priest came to Jerusalem in the days of Cyrus I until Cyrus the son of Esther came. All of this [book] is for the [purpose of tracing the] lineage of King David and the Levites for gate sentries, guards, and singers, how David stationed them in their positions, and the priests in their watches. Therefore, he traced their lineage from Adam to Abraham, and since he had to trace Abraham’s lineage, he mentioned also the rest of the nations, his sons and his grandsons, and because of his sons, he had to trace the lineage of the rest of the nations, the sons of Canaan, to let [us] know how Abraham inherited their land. And since he had to mention and trace the lineage of the generations of Canaan, he mentioned together with them (the generations of) the rest of the nations, but he mentions them only briefly and casts them away until he reaches the main ones, as is explained in *Genesis Rabbah* (39:10) (See also *Tanhuma Veyesheb* 1). This can be compared to a king who was traveling from place to place and dropped a pearl. The king stood and sifted the sand with a sieve until he found the pearl. So said the Holy One, blessed be He, “Why should I trace the lineage of Shem and Arpachshad and Terach except to find Abraham?” [As it is written] (Neh. 9:8): “... and You found his heart faithful [before You].” And because of the honor of Isaac, he traced the lineage of the sons of Esau and Ishmael and the sons of Keturah, and he cast them away little by little and left them. He mentions the sons of Seir because the sons of Esau inherited them [i.e., their territory]; he also traces the lineage of Timna, who became a concubine to the seed of Abraham, to let us know the praise of Abraham, for she was the daughter of princes and chiefs and wished to be a concubine to the seed of Abraham, as it is written (Gen. 36:22): “... and Lotan’s sister was Timna,” and it is written (ibid. 12): “And Timna was a concubine to Eliphaz the son of Esau,” because she said, “If I am not worthy to marry him, I shall be his concubine.” (*Gen. Rabbah* 84: 14, *Sanh.* 99b) Moreover, for this reason, he traced the lineage of the sons of Seir because they were chiefs and princes, and Mount Seir belonged to Seir, but out of love for Isaac, the Holy One, blessed be He, gave it to Esau, as it is written (Deut. 2:12): “... and the children of Esau drove them out, etc., and settled in their place,” and to inform us of the fulfillment of the words of the Holy One, blessed be He, Who promised Isaac that He would multiply his seed and give him dominion over all, and because of the honor of Isaac he likewise wrote (verse. 31): “Now these are the kings who reigned in the land of Edom, etc.”


###### Rashi on I Chronicles 1:1:2
[Rashi on I Chronicles 1:1:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20I%20Chronicles/r/1:1:2)

**אָדָם שֵׁת אֱנוֹשׁ.** פִּתְרוֹנוֹ כְּמוֹ: בְּנֵי אָדָם – שֵׁת וּבְנֵי שֵׁת – אֱנוֹשׁ; וּלְפִי שֶׁאֵינוֹ עִקַּר הַיַּחַס מְקַצְּרָן. וּמַה שֶּׁלֹּא הִזְכִּיר קַיִן וְהֶבֶל, לְפִי שֶׁלֹּא הֶעֱמִידוּ תּוֹלָדוֹת, אֲבָל מִשֵּׁת יָצְאוּ תּוֹלָדוֹת: **נֹחַ** וְ**אַבְרָהָם**, וּמֵאַבְרָהָם – עַד דָּוִד:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Adam, Seth, Enosh** This is to be interpreted like: “The sons of Adam: Seth, and the sons of Seth: Enosh,” but since they were not the main part of the genealogy, he states them briefly, and he does not mention Cain and Abel because they did not beget generations, but from Seth emerged the generations of Noah and Abraham, and from Abraham to David.


###### Rashi on I Chronicles 1:4:1
[Rashi on I Chronicles 1:4:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20I%20Chronicles/r/1:4:1)

**נֹחַ שֵׁם חָם.** וְהָיָה לוֹ לַחְשֹׁב בְּנֵי שֵׁם מִיָּד, לִמְצֹא מַרְגָּלִית אַבְרָהָם וְכוּ׳ עַד דָּוִד, וּמַשְׁלִיךְ הַטָּפֵל וּמְקַצֵּר הַיַּחַס שֶׁלּוֹ וְתוֹפֵשׂ הָעִקָּר; וְכֵן דֶּרֶךְ כָּל הַיַּחַס הַזֶּה דְּדִבְרֵי הַיָּמִים. וְכֵן בְּסָמוּךְ: **בְּנֵי אַבְרָהָם יִצְחָק וְיִשְׁמָעֵאל. אֵלֶּה תּוֹלְדוֹתָם בְּכוֹר יִשְׁמָעֵאל נְבָיוֹת וְכוּ׳**, **וַיּוֹלֶד אַבְרָהָם אֶת יִצְחָק בְּנֵי יִצְחָק עֵשָׂו וְיִשְׂרָאֵל. בְּנֵי עֵשָׂו אֱלִיפָז** – שֶׁמַּזְכִּיר תְּחִלָּה לְיַחֵס הַטָּפֵל, וְאַחַר כָּךְ הָעִקָּר:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Noah, Shem, Ham** He should have counted the sons of Shem immediately to find the pearl, namely Abraham, etc., until David, but he mentions the unimportant one and treats his lineage briefly and takes hold of the main ones; and so is the method of all this genealogy of Chronicles, and so it is in the section immediately following (verses 28f.): “The sons of Abraham: Isaac and Ishmael. These are their generations: the firstborn of Ishmael was Nebaioth.” And so: (verses 34f.): “And Abraham begot Isaac; the sons of Isaac: Esau and Israel; the sons of Esau: Eliphaz,” where he mentions first the lineage of the unimportant ones and afterwards the main one.


###### Rashi on I Chronicles 1:6:1
[Rashi on I Chronicles 1:6:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20I%20Chronicles/r/1:6:1)

**אַשְׁכְּנַז וְדִיפַת.** (בדל״ת) וּבַחוּמָשׁ כְּתִיב ״וְרִיפַת״ (בראשית י:ג), שֶׁמִּתְּחִלָּה הָיוּ רָפִין וְלֹא הָיוּ מִתְגַּבְּרִים עַל יִשְׂרָאֵל, וְלַסּוֹף נִתְמַלְּאוּ דּוֹפִי וְרִיעוּעַ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Ashkenaz and Diphath** (with a “daleth”), but in the Pentateuch it is written (Gen. 10:3): “... and Riphath,” because in the beginning they were weak (רָפִים), and they did not overpower Israel, but at the end they were filled with disgrace (דֹּפִי) and evil.


###### Rashi on I Chronicles 1:7:1
[Rashi on I Chronicles 1:7:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20I%20Chronicles/r/1:7:1)

**וּבְנֵי יָוָן אֱלִישָׁה.** וּמָה שֶׁלֹּא הִזְכִּיר **מָגוֹג וּמָדַי**, לְפִי שֶׁלֹּא הִזְכִּיר אֶלָּא הַיַּחַס, אֲבָל בְּנֵי מָגוֹג וּבְנֵי מָדַי לֹא הִזְכִּיר, לְפִי שֶׁלֹּא יָצְאוּ מֵהֶם רָאשֵׁי עוֹבְדֵי כוֹכָבִים, אֶלָּא כָּל עוֹבְדֵי כוֹכָבִים נִקְרְאוּ עַל שֵׁם ״כִּתִּים וְדֹדָנִים״ (בראשית י:ד):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**And the sons of Javan: Elisha** The reason he did not mention Magog and Madai is that he mentioned only the lineage of these, but he did not mention the sons of Magog or the sons of Madai or the rest because heads of nations did not emerge from them, but all their nations were called by the name of Kittim and Dodanim.


###### Rashi on I Chronicles 1:7:2
[Rashi on I Chronicles 1:7:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20I%20Chronicles/r/1:7:2)

**וְרוֹדָנִים.** וּלְהַלָּן הוּא אוֹמֵר ״וְדוֹדָנִים״ (בראשית י:ד)! כְּשֶׁיִּשְׂרָאֵל חוֹטְאִים הֵם בָּאִים וְרוֹדִים בָּהֶם, וּכְשֶׁיַּד יִשְׂרָאֵל תַּקִּיפָה הֵם אוֹמְרִים: בְּנֵי דוֹדֵינוּ אַתֶּם; בִּתְחִלָּה הָיוּ נִרְאִין כְּאוֹהֲבִים בִּשְׁעַת הֲנָאָתָן, לְבַסּוֹף רוֹדִים בָּהֶם (בראשית רבה לז:א):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and Rodanim** And further (Gen. 10:4) Scripture states: “and Dodanim.” When Israel sins, they come and rule over them (רוֹדִים), but when Israel is in power, they say, “You are the sons of our uncles (דּוֹדֵינוּ).” At first they appeared as friends when it was for their own benefit, but later they subjugated them.


###### Rashi on I Chronicles 1:10:1
[Rashi on I Chronicles 1:10:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20I%20Chronicles/r/1:10:1)

**הוּא הֵחֵל לִהְיוֹת גִּבּוֹר בָּאָרֶץ.** הוּא הֵחֵל לַעֲשׂוֹת מִלְחָמוֹת וּגְבוּרוֹת בָּאָרֶץ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**began to be a mighty man on the earth** He began to make wars and [perform] mighty deeds on the earth.


###### Rashi on I Chronicles 1:11:1
[Rashi on I Chronicles 1:11:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20I%20Chronicles/r/1:11:1)

**וּמִצְרַיִם יָלַד אֶת לוּדִים.** בְּבְּרֵאשִׁית רַבָּה (בראשית רבה לז,ה) אָמַר רַבִּי אַבָּא בַּר כַּהֲנָא: כָּל מוֹנִיגְנָא שֶׁל מִצְרַיִם אֵינָהּ אֶלָּא בַּיָּם. אָמַר רַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בֶּן קָרְחָה: בְּדִבְרֵי הַיָּמִים לוּדִים – **לוּדִיִּים** כְּתִיב, בִּשְׁנֵי יוֹדִין, לוֹמַר לְךָ: לוּדִיִּים – לוּדֵי יָם, **עֲנָמִים** – עֲנָמֵי יָם, **לְהָבִים** – לְהָבֵי יָם, **נַפְתֻּחִים** – נַפְתּוּחֵי יָם:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**And Mitzraim begot Ludim** In *Genesis Rabbah* (37:5) “Said Rabbi Abba bar Kahana: The entire coinage of Mizraim is only in the sea. Said Rabbi Joshua ben Korhah: ‘Ludim’ is written ‘Ludiim’ in chronicles, with two ‘yuds,’ to tell you that ‘Ludiim’ means לוּדֵי יָם, Ludim of the sea; Anamim, Anamim of the sea; Lehabim, Lehabim of the sea; Naphtuhim, Naphtuhim of the sea.”


###### Rashi on I Chronicles 1:12:1
[Rashi on I Chronicles 1:12:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20I%20Chronicles/r/1:12:1)

**פַּתְרֻסִים.** פַּתְרוּסֵי יָם, **כַּסְלֻחִים** – כַּסְלוּחֵי יָם, **פְּלִשְׁתִּים** – פְּלִשְׁתִּי יָם, **כַּפְתֹּרִים** – כַּפְתּוֹרֵי יָם; לְפִיכָךְ כָּתוּב בִּשְׁנֵי יוֹדִי״ן לִדְרוֹשׁ, וְכֵן כֻּלָּם:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Pathrusim** Pathrusim of the sea; Casluhim, Casluhim of the sea; Philistines, Philistines of the sea.


###### Rashi on I Chronicles 1:13:1
[Rashi on I Chronicles 1:13:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20I%20Chronicles/r/1:13:1)

**וּכְנַעַן יָלַד וְגוֹ׳.** אֶחָד עָשָׂר הֵם וּכְנַעַן עִמָּהֶם, הֲרֵי שָׁנִים עָשָׂר. וְהַיְינוּ דִּכְתִיב ״יַצֵּב גְּבוּלוֹת עַמִּים לְמִסְפַּר בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל״ (דברים לב:ח), כְּלוֹמַר: גְּבוּלוֹת עַמִּים הֶעֱמִיד כְּנֶגֶד שִׁבְטֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל, שֶׁגַּם הֵם שָׁנִים עָשָׂר. כְּנֶגֶד שִׁבְטֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל הִצִּיב גְּבוּלוֹת עַמִּים, דּוּגְמַת ״אֲשֶׁר הִצַּבְתָּ לְבַדָּנָה״ (בראשית כא:כט):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**And Canaan begot, etc.** They are eleven, and with Canaan they are twelve. This is what is written: “He set up the boundaries of the peoples.” He set up the boundaries of the peoples corresponding to the tribes of Israel, for they too are twelve; corresponding to the tribes of Israel, He set up the boundaries of the peoples, on the pattern of (Gen. 21:29): “... that you set up (הִצַּבְתָּ) by themselves.”


###### Rashi on I Chronicles 1:19:1
[Rashi on I Chronicles 1:19:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20I%20Chronicles/r/1:19:1)

**כִּי בְיָמָיו נִפְלְגָה הָאָרֶץ.** נִתְחַלְּקוּ וְנִתְמַעֲטוּ יְמֵיהֶם שֶׁל בְּרִיּוֹת, שֶׁמִּתְּחִלָּה הָיוּ בְּנֵי אָדָם חַיִּים תְּשַׁע מֵאוֹת שָׁנָה וְיוֹתֵר, וְנֶחְצוּ בִּימֵי אַרְפַּכְשַׁד וָאֵילָךְ לְאַרְבָּע מֵאוֹת שָׁנָה וְיוֹתֵר, וּמִן פֶּלֶג וָאֵילָךְ נֶחְצוּ לְמָאתַיִם מֵאוֹתָן אַרְבָּע מֵאוֹת:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**the earth was parted** The days of the people were divided and diminished, for at first people lived nine hundred years or more, and in the days of Arpachshad and thereafter, [they were diminished] to four hundred years or more, and from Peleg and thereafter, they were divided in half, to two hundred years out of those four hundred years.


###### Rashi on I Chronicles 1:23:1
[Rashi on I Chronicles 1:23:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20I%20Chronicles/r/1:23:1)

**כָּל אֵלֶּה בְּנֵי יָקְטָן.** שֶׁהָיוּ מַקְטִין עֲסָקָיו; נָבִיא גָּדוֹל הָיָה עֵבֶר (בראשית רבה לז:ז). אֲבָל שֵׁמוֹת אֲחֵרִים לֹא נִתְּנוּ לִידָּרֵשׁ, כִּי לֹא עַל פִּי נָבִיא נָתַן לָהֶם שֵׁמוֹת:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**all these were the sons of Joktan** for he belittled his affairs. Eber was a great prophet (for he named his son for a future event), but the names of the others were not meant to be expounded upon, for they were not inspired by prophetic word.


###### Rashi on I Chronicles 1:24:1
[Rashi on I Chronicles 1:24:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20I%20Chronicles/r/1:24:1)

**שֵׁם אַרְפַּכְשַׁד שָׁלַח.** לְמַעְלָה מָנָה בָּנָיו שֶׁל שֵׁם, וְעַתָּה הִתְחִיל שׁוּב פַּעַם אַחֶרֶת מִפְּנֵי כְבוֹדוֹ שֶׁל אַבְרָהָם; מָשָׁל לְאָדָם שֶׁנָּפְלָה לוֹ מַרְגָּלִית וְכוּ׳ (בראשית רבה לט:י), כִּדְלְעֵיל (בפסוק א):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Shem, Arpachshad, Shelah** He enumerated the sons of Shem above, and he now commences again in Abraham’s honor. This may be compared to a king who lost a pearl, as above.


###### Rashi on I Chronicles 1:27:1
[Rashi on I Chronicles 1:27:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20I%20Chronicles/r/1:27:1)

**אַבְרָם הוּא אַבְרָהָם.** עַכְשָׁיו יִחֵס מִשֵּׁם עַד אַבְרָהָם. וּמִי הוּא זֶה אַבְרָם? שֶׁנִּקְרָא אַבְרָהָם:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Abram; he is Abraham** Now he traced the lineage from Shem to Abraham, and who is this Abram? He is the one who was called Abraham.


###### Rashi on I Chronicles 1:32:1
[Rashi on I Chronicles 1:32:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20I%20Chronicles/r/1:32:1)

**קְטוּרָה פִּילֶגֶשׁ אַבְרָהָם.** כָּל גְּנַאי שֶׁיָּכוֹל לְסַפֵּר בָּהֶם, הוּא מְסַפֵּר, מִשּׁוּם כְּבוֹדוֹ שֶׁל יִצְחָק, שֶׁכֻּלָּם הָיוּ בְּנֵי פִּילֶגֶשׁ, אֲבָל הוּא הָיָה עִקָּר וַאֲדוֹן הַבַּיִת:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**And the sons of Keturah, Abraham’s concubine** Anything disgraceful that he could tell about them he tells to enhance Isaac’s honor, i.e., they were all the children of a concubine, but he was the mainstay and the master of the household.


###### Rashi on I Chronicles 1:33:1
[Rashi on I Chronicles 1:33:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20I%20Chronicles/r/1:33:1)

**וּבְנֵי מִדְיָן עֵיפָה וָעֵפֶר וְגוֹ׳.** חֲמִשָּׁה רָאשֵׁי עוֹבְדֵי כּוֹכָבִים וּמַזָּלוֹת, עַל כֵּן הֶעֱמִידוּ חֲמִשָּׁה מְלָכִים, לְכָל אוּמָּה מַלְכָּהּ, דִּכְתִיב ״אֶת אֱוִי וְאֶת רֶקֶם וְאֶת צוּר וְאֶת חוּר וְגוֹ׳, חֲמֵשֶׁת מַלְכֵי מִדְיָן״ (במדבר לא:ח):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**And the sons of Midian: Ephah and Epher, etc.** five heads of nations. Therefore, they appointed five kings, each one its king, as it is written (Num. 31:8): “Evi, and Rekem, and Zur, and Hur, etc., the five kings of Midian.”


###### Rashi on I Chronicles 1:33:2
[Rashi on I Chronicles 1:33:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20I%20Chronicles/r/1:33:2)

**כָּל אֵלֶּה בְּנֵי קְטוּרָה.** בִּשְׁבִיל כְּבוֹדוֹ שֶׁל אַבְרָהָם:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**all these were the sons of Keturah** [These were mentioned] because of Abraham’s honor.


###### Rashi on I Chronicles 1:34:1
[Rashi on I Chronicles 1:34:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20I%20Chronicles/r/1:34:1)

**בְּנֵי יִצְחָק עֵשָׂו וְיִשְׂרָאֵל.** מִפְּנֵי כְבוֹדוֹ שֶׁל דָּוִד אָמַר יִשְׂרָאֵל וְלֹא יַעֲקֹב:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Esau and Israel** Because of David’s honor, he says, “Israel,” not “Jacob.”


###### Rashi on I Chronicles 1:35:1
[Rashi on I Chronicles 1:35:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20I%20Chronicles/r/1:35:1)

**בְּנֵי עֵשָׂו אֱלִיפַז.** כְּדֵי לְקַצֵּר וּלְהַשְׁלִיכוֹ, וְהִזְכִּירוֹ לִכְבוֹד יִצְחָק:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**The sons of Esau: Eliphaz** in order to deal with him briefly and to cast him away; he only mentioned him in honor of Isaac.


###### Rashi on I Chronicles 1:41:1
[Rashi on I Chronicles 1:41:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20I%20Chronicles/r/1:41:1)

**חַמְרָן וְאֶשְׁבָּן.** וּבַחוּמָּשׁ (בראשית לו:כו) כְּתִיב ״חֶמְדָּן״. בִּתְחִלָּה הָיוּ חֲמוּדִים וְנֶחֱמָדִין כַּצַּדִּיקִים, וּלְבַסּוֹף מְכֻעָרִין כַּחֲמוֹר; כֵּן דֶּרֶךְ הַחֲמוֹר, בִּתְחִלָּה חָמוּד וּלְבַסּוֹף נַעֲשֶׂה מְכֻעָר, וְהַסּוּס מִתְּחִלָּה מְכֻעָר וּלְבַסּוֹף יָפֶה:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Hamran and Eshban** But in the Pentateuch (Gen. 36:26) it is written, “Hemdan.” At first, they were precious and desirable (חֲמוּדִין וְנֶחֱמָדִין) as righteous men, but at the end they were as ugly as a donkey. So is the way of a donkey: at first it is pretty and at the end it becomes ugly, but a horse is at first ugly and later pretty.


###### Rashi on I Chronicles 1:43:1
[Rashi on I Chronicles 1:43:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20I%20Chronicles/r/1:43:1)

**וְאֵלֶּה הַמְּלָכִים.** מְפֹרָשׁ בִּבְרֵאשִׁית רַבָּה (בראשית רבה פג:ב): אָמַר רַבִּי אִיבּוֹ: קוֹדֶם שֶׁלֹּא עָמַד מֶלֶךְ מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל (אֲבָל מִשֶּׁמָּלַךְ מֶלֶךְ לְיִשְׂרָאֵל) נִצָּב מֶלֶךְ בֶּאֱדוֹם. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי בֶּן חֲנִינָא אוֹמֵר בְּשָׁעָה שֶׁזֶּה מַעֲמִיד מְלָכִים זֶה מַעֲמִיד שׁוֹפְטִים, זֶה מַעֲמִיד אַלּוּפִים זֶה מַעֲמִיד נְשִׂיאִים. אָמַר רַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בֶּן לֵוִי זֶה הֶעֱמִיד שְׁמוֹנָה וְזֶה הֶעֱמִיד שְׁמוֹנָה. וְשָׁמַעְתִּי וְכִי לֹא הָיָה לֶאֱדוֹם אֶלָּא אֵלּוּ שְׁמוֹנָה מְלָכִים וּלְיִשְׂרָאֵל שְׁמוֹנָה, וַהֲלֹא יוֹתֵר הָיוּ יוֹרָם אֲחַזְיָה יוֹאָשׁ וְכוּ׳, אֶלָּא זֶה הֶעֱמִיד שְׁמוֹנָה מְלָכִים – פֵּירוּשׁ, מִזְּמַן שֶׁהִמְלִיכוּ אוֹתָן שְׁמוֹנָה מְלָכִים שֶׁל אֱדוֹם לֹא הִמְלִיכוּ אֶת מַלְכֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל כִּי קוֹדֶם דָּוִד הָיוּ וְרָאשֵׁי בֵּית אֲבוֹתָיו:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Now these are the kings** It is explained (*Gen. Rab.* 83:2): Rabbi Aibu said: This was before a king reigned in Israel, but since a king reigned in Israel, a governor reigned in Edom. Rabbi Jose the son of Hanina says: When this one [Edom] appoints kings, this one [Israel] appoints judges; when this one appoints chiefs, this one appoints princes. Said Rabbi Joshua the son of Levi: This one [Edom] appointed eight [kings] and this one: [Israel] appointed eight [kings], and I heard [people ask]: Did Edom have only these eight kings, and did Israel have only eight? Were there not more? Joram, Ahaziah, Joash, etc. Rather, the statement that this one appointed eight kings means that when they [Edom] appointed those eight kings of Edom, they [Israel] did not appoint the kings of Israel, because they were before David, and the chiefs of the heads of his fathers’ houses.