## Rashi on II Samuel Chapter 22 ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:1:1 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:1:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:1:1) **בְּיוֹם הִצִּיל ה׳ אוֹתוֹ.** לְעֵת זִקְנָתוֹ, לְאַחַר שֶׁעָבְרוּ עָלָיו כָּל צָרוֹתָיו וְנִצּוֹל מִכֻּלָּם: **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **On the day Adonoy saved him.** In his old age after all his troubles had passed and he had survived all of them. ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:1:2 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:1:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:1:2) **וּמִכַּף שָׁאוּל.** וַהֲלֹא שָׁאוּל בַּכְּלָל הָיָה, אֶלָּא שֶׁהָיָה אוֹיְבוֹ וְרוֹדְפוֹ מִכֻּלָּם, כַּיּוֹצֵא בּוֹ (שמואל ב ב:ל): ״תִּשְׁעָה עָשָׂר אִישׁ וַעֲשָׂהאֵל״, כַּיּוֹצֵא בּוֹ (יהושע ב:א): ״לְכוּ רְאוּ אֶת הָאָרֶץ וְאֶת יְרִיחוֹ״ וְכַיּוֹצֵא בּוֹ (מלכים א יא:א): ״וְהַמֶּלֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹה אָהַב נָשִׁים נָכְרִיּוֹת וְאֶת בַּת פַּרְעֹה״: **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **And from the hands of Shaul.** Shaul was part of the general grouping [of "his enemies"]?¹ but he was his greatest enemy and pursuer. Similarly [we find], "Nineteen men and Asohel² Similarly, "Go spy out the land and Yericho."³ And similarly, "King Shlomo loved [many] foreign women and [he loved] the daughter of Pharoah."⁴ footnotes: ¹ I.e. Why is he being singled out? ² Earlier in 2:30. where Asohel is singled out because he was equal to all of them as Rashi points out there. ³ Yehoshua 2:1. ⁴ Melochim I, 11:1. ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:2:1 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:2:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:2:1) **סַלְעִי וּמְצוּדָתִי.** לְשׁוֹן חוֹזֶק הֵם, ׳סֶלַע׳ כְּמַשְׁמָעוֹ, ׳מְצוּדָה׳ הִיא מְצוּדַת יְעָרִים, שֶׁקּוֹרִין פליישאי״ן בלע״ז, וְעַל שֵׁם הַנֵּס שֶׁנַּעֲשָׂה לוֹ בְּסֶלַע הַמַּחְלוֹקֶת (שמואל א כג:כח), וְהַמְּצוּדוֹת בַּחוֹרְשָׁה: **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **My Rock, my Fortress.** They are words denoting strength. Rock is obvious in its connotation [of strengh]. Fortress is [a reference to] a fortress amongst the forests that is called flassant in O.F. It is [also] a reference to the miracle that occurred by the rock at the crossroads⁵ and the fortresses of the forest.⁶ footnotes: ⁵ Shmuel I, 23:28. ⁶ Ibid, 23:19. Dovid’s location was betrayed to Shaul but eventually when Shaul reached the crossroads, he chose not to chase after Dovid. ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:2:2 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:2:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:2:2) **וּמְפַלְּטִי לִי.** מְפַלְּטִי עִם צְבָא יִשְׂרָאֵל בַּמִּלְחָמָה, וּפְעָמִים שֶׁהוּא מְפַלֵּט לִי כְּשֶׁאֲנִי לְבַדִּי, כְּגוֹן מִן יִשְׁבִּי בְּנוֹב (שמואל ב כא:טז): **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **My Rescuer.** He saved me when I was with Yisroel's army at war and other times He saved me when I was alone⁷ for example [He saved me] from (the inhabitants of Nov)[“Yishbi-Benov”]. footnotes: ⁷ Rashi is explaining why Dovid in effect, says “me” twice. מְפַלְטי means “My Rescuer” and לי means “me”. ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:3:1 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:3:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:3:1) **צוּרִי.** לְשׁוֹן סֶלַע, שֶׁהַסֶּלַע מַחֲסֶה לְעוֹבְרֵי דֶרֶךְ, מִן הַמָּטָר וְהָרוּחוֹת, אבריאמ״ש בלע״ז: **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **My Rock.** Language denoting a rock because a rock protects passerby from the rain and from the winds. Abriments in O.F. ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:3:2 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:3:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:3:2) **אֶחֱסֶה.** לְשׁוֹן כִּסּוּי, שֶׁהָיִיתִי מִתְכַּסֶּה לְעֶזְרָה: **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **I take refuge.** Language denoting a covering that I was able to be protectively covered. ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:3:3 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:3:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:3:3) **מִשְׂגַּבִּי.** סוֹמְכֵנִי: **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **My Stronghold.** He supported me. ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:3:4 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:3:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:3:4) **וּמְנוּסִי.** שֶׁהָיִיתִי נָס אֵלָיו לְעֶזְרָה: **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **My Refuge.** I would run to him for protection. ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:4:1 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:4:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:4:1) **מְהֻלָּל אֶקְרָא ה׳.** כְּתַרְגּוּמוֹ; בְּקָרְאִי לוֹ אֲהוֹדֶנּוּ, לְפִי כִּי מֵאוֹיְבַי אֲנִי בּוֹטֵחַ שֶׁאִוָּשַׁע. וְיִתָּכֵן לִפְתּוֹר אֶקְרָא וְאִוָּשַׁע, לְשׁוֹן ׳הוֹוֶה׳: **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **I call to Adonoy in praise.** As it is translated, when I called Him, I praised Him (with my mouth) because I trusted that I would be saved from my enemies. And it is possible to interpret the words אֶקְרָא and אִוׇּשֵׁעַ as being used in the present tense. ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:5:1 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:5:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:5:1) **אֲפָפוּנִי.** הִקִּיפוּנִי: **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **Surrounded me.** Surrounded me. ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:5:2 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:5:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:5:2) **מִשְׁבְּרֵי מָוֶת.** כְּתַרְגּוּמוֹ: ״כְּאִתָּא דְּיָתְבָא עַל מַתְבְּרָא״, כֵּן שֵׁם מוֹשַׁב הָאֲבָנִים שֶׁהָאִשָּׁה יוֹלֶדֶת שָׁם: **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **Death's destruction.** As [Yonoson] translates, "Like a woman sitting on the birthing chair," that is the name of the stone seat where women give birth.⁸ footnotes: ⁸ It’s name in hebrew is מַשְׁבֵּר. ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:5:3 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:5:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:5:3) **נַחֲלֵי.** גְּיָסוֹת שׁוֹטְפוֹת כְּנַחַל: **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **The deluge.** Soldiers pouring forth like a stream. ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:6:1 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:6:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:6:1) **חֶבְלֵי.** כְּתַרְגּוּמוֹ: ״מַשְׁרִית״, כְּמוֹ (שמואל א י:ה): ״חֶבֶל נְבִיאִים״: **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **The agony.** As [Yonoson] translates, "Groups," as [we find], "Group of prophets."⁹ footnotes: ⁹ Shmuel I, 10:5. ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:6:2 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:6:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:6:2) **קִדְּמוּנִי.** בָּאוּ לְפָנַי: **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **Were before me.** Came before me. ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:7:1 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:7:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:7:1) **בַּצַּר לִי אֶקְרָא ה׳ וַיִּשְׁמַע וְגוֹ׳.** כָּךְ דֶּרֶךְ לְשׁוֹן הוֹוֶה, מְדַבֵּר לְשׁוֹן עָבָר וּלְשׁוֹן עָתִיד בְּפַעַם אַחַת: **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **In my distress I called to God… He hears.** This is typical of the present tense it uses both past and future at the same time.¹⁰ footnotes: ¹⁰ אֶקְרָא is in past tense and וַיִשְׁמַע is in future tense. ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:8:1 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:8:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:8:1) **וַיִּתְגָּעַשׁ וַתִּרְעַשׁ.** לֹא עַל נִסִּים שֶׁאֵרְעוּהוּ נֶאֱמַר, אֶלָּא עַל נִסִּים שֶׁנַּעֲשׂוּ לְיִשְׂרָאֵל, וְרֹאשׁ הַמִּקְרָא מְחֻבָּר עַל סוֹפוֹ: **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **Shook and shuddered.** This is not referring to the miracles that happened to him but to the miracles that happened to Yisroel and the beginning of the verse is connected to the end. ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:8:2 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:8:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:8:2) **כִּי חָרָה לוֹ.** ׳כִּי׳ מְשַׁמֵּשׁ כָּאן בִּלְשׁוֹן ׳כַּאֲשֶׁר׳, וְכֵן פִּתְרוֹנוֹ, וּכְשֶׁחָרָה לוֹ מִפְּנֵי מַכְעִיסָיו, נִתְגַּעֲשָׁה וְנִתְרַעֲשָׁה הָאָרֶץ, וּמוֹסְדוֹת הַשָּׁמַיִם רָגְזוּ וְרָעֲשׁוּ: **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **When God became angry.** The word כי is being used here to mean "when," and this is its interpretation, when God became angry on account of his antagonists the world shook and shuddered and the pillars of heaven trembled and shook. ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:9:1 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:9:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:9:1) **עָלָה עָשָׁן בְּאַפּוֹ.** כֵּן דֶּרֶךְ הַכּוֹעֵס, יוֹצֵא עָשָׁן מִנְּחִירָיו, וְכֵן (תהלים יח:ט): ״עָלָה עָשָׁן בְּאַפּוֹ״. וְזֶהוּ כָּל לְשׁוֹן חֲרוֹן אַף, שֶׁהָאַף נוֹחֵר וּמַעֲלֶה הֶבֶל: **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **Smoke rose from His Nostrils.** Such is the manner of an angry person, smoke comes out of his nostrils and so [we find], "Smoke has risen from My nostrils."¹¹ This is always the meaning of the words "Anger of the nose," the nose flares and lets out air. footnotes: ¹¹ Yeshayohu 65:5. ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:9:2 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:9:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:9:2) **וְאֵשׁ מִפִּיו תֹּאכֵל.** מִגִּזְרַת דְּבַר פִּיו, תֹּאכַל אֵשׁ בָּרְשָׁעִים: **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **Fire from His Mouth consumed [the wicked].** Through the decree utterred from His Mouth fire [came forth] and consumed the wicked. ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:10:1 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:10:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:10:1) **וַיֵּט שָׁמַיִם.** לְהִנָּקֵם מֵאוֹיְבָיו, מִמִּצְרַיִם וּמִפַּרְעֹה: **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **He bent heaven.** To take revenge from His enemies, from Mitzrayim and from Pharoah. ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:12:1 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:12:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:12:1) **וַיָּשֶׁת חֹשֶׁךְ סְבִיבוֹתָיו.** לְסֻכָּה, כָּעִנְיָן שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (שמות יד:כ): ״וַיְהִי הֶעָנָן וְהַחֹשֶׁךְ״, מַפְסִיק בֵּין מִצְרַיִם לְיִשְׂרָאֵל: **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **He put [a protective] darkness around.** For [protective] cover as it says, "The pillar of cloud and the darkness separated between Mitzrayim and Yisroel."¹² footnotes: ¹² See Shemos 14:20. ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:12:2 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:12:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:12:2) **חַשְׁרַת מַיִם עָבֵי שְׁחָקִים.** מֵאַיִן הָיָה הַחֹשֶׁךְ, עָבֵי שְׁחָקִים הָיוּ, שֶׁהֵן חוֹשְׁרִין מַיִם עַל הָאָרֶץ: **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **Abundant waters, thick clouds of the sky.** From where did the darkness come? They came from thick clouds that sprinkle water on the earth. ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:12:3 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:12:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:12:3) **חַשְׁרַת.** לְשׁוֹן כְּבָרָה הוּא, שֶׁהוּא נוֹפֵל עַל הָאָרֶץ דַּק דַּק (תענית ט ב), וְכֵן הוּא אוֹמֵר בְּאַגָּדוֹת הַרְבֵּה: חוֹשְׁרִין אוֹתוֹ בִּכְבָרָה. וְיֵשׁ לִפְתּוֹר ׳חַשְׁרַת׳, לְשׁוֹן ׳קֶשֶׁר׳, שֶׁמִּתְקַשְּׁרִין הַשָּׁמַיִם בְּעָבִים עַל יְדֵי הַמַּיִם, כְּמוֹ ׳וְחִשּׁוּרֵיהֶם׳ הָאָמוּר בְּאוֹפַנֵּי הַמְּכוֹנָה (מלכים א ז:לג), שֶׁהֵם זְרוֹעוֹת הָעֵץ הַמְהַדְּקִין וְקוֹשְׁרִין עִגּוּלֶיהָ יַחַד: **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **Sprinkled.** [This is] language that denotes a sieve, [the water] falls to the earth in small droplets. This [same language] is used in many places in Aggadah, "They dice it in a sieve," Some interpret חַשְׁרַת as denoting a binding, that the skies became bound up with clouds because of the water [in them] as [the word] "the spokes"¹³ used [in connection with] the wheels of a wagon. They are wooden spokes that bond and bind the wheel's perimeter together. footnotes: ¹³ Melochim I, 7:33. ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:13:1 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:13:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:13:1) **מִנֹּגַהּ נֶגְדּוֹ.** שֶׁלֹּא תֹאמַר בַּחֹשֶׁךְ הוּא שָׁרוּי, אֶלָּא הַנֹּגַהּ לִפְנִים מִן הַמְּחִיצָה, וּמֵאוֹתוֹ נֹגַהּ אֲשֶׁר לְפָנָיו, בָּעֲרוּ גַּחֲלֵי אֵשׁ, שֶׁנִּשְׁתַּלְּחוּ חִצִּים עַל מִצְרַיִם: **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **From the brightness before Him.** You should not conclude that He dwells in darkness¹⁴ but rather it is light that is within the boundary and it is from that light that is before Him that the burning coals of fire [came forth]. [It is from there] that the arrows were shot at Mitzrayim. footnotes: ¹⁴ I.e., because the previous verse mentioned darkness in connection with God. Furthermore, the verse here is describing punishment meted out to Yisroel’s enemies. The verse is telling us that the punishment’s source is light. ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:16:1 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:16:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:16:1) **יִגָּלוּ מוֹסְדוֹת תֵּבֵל.** שֶׁנִּבְקַע הַתְּהוֹם, כְּשֶׁנִּבְקַע יַם סוּף נִבְקְעוּ כָּל מֵימוֹת שֶׁבָּעוֹלָם (ילקוט שמעוני רמז קסא): **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **The foundations of the earth were revealed.** The deep seas split open. When the Reed Sea split all the world's waters split [as well]. ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:16:2 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:16:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:16:2) **מִנִּשְׁמַת.** מִכֹּחַ נְשִׁיבַת רוּחַ אַפּוֹ: **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **By the wind.** From the force of wind blowing from His Nostrils. ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:18:1 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:18:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:18:1) **כִּי אָמְצוּ.** כַּאֲשֶׁר אָמְצוּ: **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **They were too powerful.** When they were overpowering. ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:21:1 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:21:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:21:1) **כְּצִדְקָתִי.** כְּשֶׁיָּצְאוּ אַחֲרָיו לַמִּדְבָּר וְסָמְכוּ עַל הַבְטָחָתוֹ: **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **For my rightesnous.** When they [the people of Yisroel] followed God into the desert and had faith in His promise. ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:26:1 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:26:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:26:1) **עִם חָסִיד תָּמִים נְבָר.** כְּנֶגֶד שְׁלֹשָׁה אָבוֹת, שֶׁשִּׁלֵּם הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא גְּמוּל צִדְקָתָם לִבְנֵיהֶם: **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **To the Kind, Sincere, Pure.** [These three nouns] represent the three Patriarchs. God paid the reward of their righteousness to their children.¹⁵ footnotes: ¹⁵ Kind refers to Avrohom, sincere refers to Yitchok and pure refers to Yakov. ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:27:1 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:27:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:27:1) **וְעִם עִקֵּשׁ.** פַּרְעֹה: **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **And to those who are crooked.** [This refers to] Paroh ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:27:2 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:27:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:27:2) **תִּתְפַּל.** לְשׁוֹן נִפְתָּל וְעִקֵּשׁ, וּבְסֵפֶר תְּהִלִּים (תהלים יח:כז) כָּתוּב: ״תִּתְפַּתָּל״. דָּבָר אַחֵר: **יִשְׁלַח מִמָּרוֹם יִקָּחֵנִי.** עַל עַצְמוֹ אָמַר, כְּשֶׁהָיָה נֶחְפָּז לָלֶכֶת מִפְּנֵי שָׁאוּל בְּסֶלַע הַמַּחְלְקוֹת וְהָיָה קָרוֹב לְהִתָּפֵשׂ, וּמַלְאָךְ בָּא אֶל שָׁאוּל לֵאמֹר: מַהֲרָה וְלֵכָה כִּי פָשְׁטוּ פְלִשְׁתִּים: **וַיָּשֶׁב וְגוֹ׳ כְּצִדְקָתִי.** שֶׁלֹּא הֲרַגְתִּיו בְּכָרְתִי כְּנַף מְעִילוֹ: **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **You act perversely.** [This is] language denoting jagged and crooked. In the book of Tehilim¹⁶ it is written, תִּתְפַּתָּל.¹⁷ An alternative explanation,¹⁸ [when writing] "He delivers [salvation] from on high,"¹⁹ [Dovid] was refering to himself.²⁰ When he was rushing to escape Shaul [and had reached] the rock at the crossroads,²¹ and was close to being captured an angel came to Shaul saying, "Go quickly because the Pelishtim have spread out [in battle formation over the terrain.]"²² "He rewarded me…according to my righteousness."²³ [Refering to the fact] that I did not kill him [Shaul] when I [instead just] cut off the corner of his coat. footnotes: ¹⁶ Tehilim 18:27. Chapter 18 of Tehilim is a repetition of this song of Dovid almost verbatim. ¹⁷ Rashi is proving that the root of this word is פתל. ¹⁸ Of the previous verses starting from verse 17. ¹⁹ Earlier in our chapter, verse 17. ²⁰ Not to the people of Yisroel in general. ²¹ In Shmuel I, 23:26. ²² Ibid 23:27. ²³ Earlier in our chapter, verse 25. ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:31:1 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:31:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:31:1) **אִמְרַת ה׳ צְרוּפָה.** בְּרוּרָה, מַבְטִיחַ וְעוֹשֶׂה: **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **The word of Adonoy is clear.** It is clear, He makes promises and keeps them. ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:33:1 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:33:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:33:1) **וַיַּתֵּר תָּמִים דַּרְכִּי.** מִכָּל מִכְשׁוֹל, וּמִכָּל חֵטְא, וּמִכָּל מְסֻכָּן, עַד כִּי הָיָה שָׁלֵם וְכָבוּשׁ: **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **He cleared my path to perfection.** From any obstacle, from any sin and from any danger until there was peace and [the land was] conquered. ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:35:1 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:35:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:35:1) **וְנִחַת קֶשֶׁת נְחוּשָׁה זְרֹעֹתָי.** וְנִדְרְכָה קֶשֶׁת נְחוּשָׁה עַל זְרוֹעִי, שֶׁיֵּשׁ בִּי כֹּחַ לְדָרְכָהּ. קְשָׁתוֹת הָיוּ תְּלוּיִם לְדָוִד בְּבֵיתוֹ, וְהָיוּ מַלְכֵי הָאֻמּוֹת בָּאִין וְרוֹאִין אוֹתָן, וְאוֹמְרִים זֶה לָזֶה: אַתָּה סָבוּר שֶׁהוּא יָכוֹל לְדָרְכָן, אֵין זֶה אֶלָּא לְיָרְאֵנוּ, וְדָוִד שׁוֹמֵעַ וְנוֹטְלָן וּמְכַתְּתָן לִפְנֵיהֶם. וּדְרִיכַת קֶשֶׁת לְשׁוֹן חַיִּת הִיא, וְכֵן ״תְּהִלִּים חִצֶּיךָ נִחְתּוּ בִי״: **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **My arms to bend a copper bow.** So that a copper bow can be bent by my arms because I have the strength to bend them. Dovid had bows hanging in his palace, and kings of other nations would come and see them and ask each other, Do you think that he can bend them? This is only to scare us. Dovid would hear them and would take them [the bows] and bend them in front of them [the kings]. The binding of a bow is denoted by the word חִתַּת²⁴ and so [we find], "Your arrows have been shot into me".²⁵ footnotes: ²⁴ In our verse it says ונחת, חתת is it’s root. ²⁵ Tehilim 38:3. ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:36:1 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:36:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:36:1) **וְעַנְוָתְךָ תַּרְבֵּנִי.** הִגְדַּלְתָּ לִי מִדַּת עַנְוְתָנוּתְךָ: **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **You have been abundant for my sake with Your humility.** You have been abundant for my sake, with Your humility. ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:37:1 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:37:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:37:1) **תַּרְחִיב צַעֲדִי.** כְּשֶׁאָדָם מְדַבֵּק רַגְלָיו זוֹ בָּזוֹ, הוּא נוֹחַ לִפּוֹל, וְכֵן הוּא אוֹמֵר (משלי ד:יב): ״בְּלֶכְתְּךָ לֹא יֵצַר צַעֲדֶךָ״: **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **You have expanded my stride.** When a man keeps his legs together, it is easier for him to fall, and so it says, "When you travel, do not narrow your stride."²⁶ footnotes: ²⁶ Mishlei 4:12. ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:37:2 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:37:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:37:2) **קַרְסֻלָּי.** עֲקֵבַי: **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **My ankles.** My ankles. ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:42:1 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:42:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:42:1) **יִשְׁעוּ וְאֵין מוֹשִׁיעַ וְגוֹ׳.** הֲרֵי זֶה מִקְרָא מְסֹרָס, יִשְׁעוּ אֶל ה׳ וְלֹא עָנָם, וְאֵין מוֹשִׁיעַ, כְּמוֹ (ישעיהו יז:ז): ״יִשְׁעֶה הָאָדָם אֶל עֹשֵׂהוּ״, כְּמוֹ יִפְנֶה. וּמְנַחֵם חִבְּרוֹ עִם (בראשית ד:ד): ״וַיִּשַׁע ה׳ אֶל הֶבֶל״, וּפָתַר בּוֹ לְשׁוֹן עֲתִירָה, וְנוֹפֵל הַלָּשׁוֹן עַל הַמַּעְתִּיר וְעַל הַנֶּעְתָּר, כְּמוֹ (בראשית כה:כא): ״וַיֶּעְתַּר יִצְחָק לַה׳״, ״וַיֵּעָתֶר לוֹ ה׳״, אַף כָּאן ״יִשְׁעוּ וְאֵין מוֹשִׁיעַ״ נוֹפֵל עַל הַמִּתְפַּלֵּל, וַיִּשַׁע ה׳ נוֹפֵל עַל הַלָּשׁוֹן, עַל מִי שֶׁמִּתְפַּלְּלִין לְפָנָיו: **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **They cried out there was no one to deliver them.** The words of verse are not written in order [the proper order should be] "They will cry out to Adonoy but He will not answer them and no one will deliver them"²⁷ as [we find], "Man will turn to his Maker",²⁸ as if to say "turn".²⁹ Menachem connected [the word יִשְׁעֶה] with [the verse,] "Adonoy listened to Hevel",³⁰ and he [Menachem] interpreted it as "listening." This word can be used to denote both the listener and the listened to as [we find], "Yitzchok implored Adonoy… and Adonoy listened to him."³¹ So too here "They will implore [God] and they will not be saved"³² is a case where the word יִשְׁעוּ is refering to the one praying and "Adonoy listened…"³³ is a case where the word is refering to the [Holy] One being prayed to. footnotes: ²⁷ The two words ואין מושיע need to be removed from their position at the beginning of the verse and placed instead at the end of the verse as its last two words. ²⁸ Yeshayohu 17:7. ²⁹ i.e., ישעה means “turn to.” ³⁰ Bereishis 4:4. ³¹ Bereishis 25:21. ³² In our verse. ³³ By Hevel’s offering. ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:43:1 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:43:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:43:1) **אֶרְקָעֵם.** אֶרְמְסֵם, וְהַרְבֵּה יֵשׁ בְּסֵפֶר יְחֶזְקֵאל: (ו:יא): ״וּרְקַע בְּרַגְלְךָ״ (כה:ו): ״וְרַקְעֲךָ בְּרָגֶל״: **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **I will trample them.** I will trample them. There are many cases like this in the book of Yechezkiel, [such as] "You will trample with your feet"³⁴ [and] "You trampled with [your] foot."³⁵ footnotes: ³⁴ Yechezkiel 6:11. ³⁵ Ibid, 25:6. ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:44:1 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:44:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:44:1) **מֵרִיבֵי.** מִדּוֹאֵג, מֵאֲחִיתֹפֶל, וְשָׁאוּל, וְהַזִּיפִים: **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **Antagonists.** From Doeg, Achitophel, Shaul and the Ziffites. ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:44:2 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:44:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:44:2) **תִּשְׁמְרֵנִי לְרֹאשׁ גּוֹיִם.** צְפַנְתַּנִי לְכָךְ. וּמִדְרַשׁ אַגָּדָה; אָמַר דָּוִד: רִבּוֹנוֹ שֶׁל עוֹלָם, הַצִּילֵנִי מִדִּינוֹ שֶׁל יִשְׂרָאֵל, שֶׁאִם אַטְהוּ אוֹ אֶרְדֶּה אֶת יִשְׂרָאֵל בַּעֲבוֹדָתוֹ, אֲנִי נֶעֱנָשׁ, אֶלָּא לְרֹאשׁ הַפְּלִשְׁתִּים תְּשִׂימֵנִי, וְהֵם יַעַבְדוּנִי, וַעֲלֵיהֶם לֹא אֶעֱנָשׁ: **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **You preserved me to be a leader of nations.** He kept me hidden for this purpose. The Midrash Aggadah [interprets our verse], "Dovid said, "Master of the universe, spare me from [potential] judgement concerning [the people of] Yisroel for if I shall cause [Yisroel] to turn away [from You] or I rule them harshly during the course of my service I will be punished [by You]. Rather, make me the leader of the Pelishtim and let them serve me [because] I will not be punished on their account. ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:45:1 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:45:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:45:1) **יִתְכַּחֲשׁוּ לִי.** מֵחֲמַת יִרְאָה, יֹאמְרוּ לִי כְּזָבִים: **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **Lied to me.** Out of fear they told me lies. ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:45:2 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:45:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:45:2) **לִשְׁמוֹעַ אֹזֶן יִשָּׁמְעוּ לִי.** אֲפִלּוּ שֶׁלֹּא בְּפָנַי, יָגוּרוּ מִפָּנַי, לְמִשְׁמַע אָזְנֵיהֶם לָסוּר אֶל מִשְׁמַעְתִּי: **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **[As soon] as their ears hear [my wish] they listen to [and obey] me.** Even when they are not in my presence they are fearful of me [to the point that as soon] as their ears hear [my wish], they move [to obey] my command. ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:46:1 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:46:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:46:1) **בְּנֵי נֵכָר יִבֹּלוּ.** יִלְאוּ, לְשׁוֹן (ירמיהו ח:יג): ״וְהֶעָלֶה נָבֵל״ פלישטירונ״ט בלע״ז: **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **Foreign people will wither.** Will wither [Similar to] the language of "I will become withered".³⁶ Pagisterant in O.F. footnotes: ³⁶ Yirmiyahu 8:11. ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:46:2 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:46:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:46:2) **וְיַחְגְּרוּ.** לְשׁוֹן פִּסְחִים: **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **They will become lame.** Lame people. ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:46:3 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:46:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:46:3) **מִמִּסְגְּרוֹתָם.** מִקֹּשִׁי יִסּוּרֵי מַסְגֵּר שֶׁאֲנִי מְיַסְּרָן בָּהֶם: **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **From [the agony of] their imprisonment.** From the tortures of imprisonment that I will inflict upon them. ###### Rashi on II Samuel 22:47:1 [Rashi on II Samuel 22:47:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20II%20Samuel/r/22:47:1) **חַי ה׳.** הָעוֹשֶׂה לִי אֵלֶּה: **The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J:** **Adonoy lives.** Who does all of this for me.