## Rashi on Isaiah Chapter 19

###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:1:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:1:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:1:1)

**רֹכֵב עַל עָב קַל.** מְהֵרָה לִשְׁלֹחַ קַל מְהֵרָה גְּזֵרַת דְּבָרוֹ לִפָּרַע מִמִּצְרַיִם:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**is riding on a light cloud** quickly to send easily and quickly the decree of His word to punish Egypt.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:1:2
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:1:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:1:2)

**וְנָעוּ אֱלִילֵי מִצְרַיִם מִפָּנָיו.** לֹא יִהְיֶה לָהֶם כֹּחַ לְהַצִּיל אֶת עַמָּם מִיַּד שְׁלוּחָיו שֶׁל אַשּׁוּר. וְזֶה שֶׁאָמַר הַנָּבִיא פֻּרְעָנוּת מִצְרַיִם בַּלָּשׁוֹן הַזֶּה, מַה שֶׁלֹּא אָמַר בַּלָּשׁוֹן הַזֶּה לִשְׁאָר אֻמּוֹת, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהֵם לְמוּדִים לִלְקוֹת בַּמִּדָּה הַזֹּאת: ״וְעָבַרְתִּי בְאֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם״ (שמות יב:יב), ״וּבְכָל אֱלֹהֵי מִצְרַיִם״ (שם), וְדֶרֶךְ אֶרֶץ מְיָרְאִין אֶת הָאָדָם בְּמַכָּה שֶׁכְּבָר לָקָה בָּהּ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and the idols of Egypt shall quake from before Him** They will have no power to save their people from the messengers of the king of Assyria. The prophet presented the retribution of Egypt in this manner, unlike the way he presented it to other nations, because they are accustomed to being punished in this manner. (Exodus 12:12) “And I will pass through the land of Egypt...and upon all the gods of Egypt [will I execute punishment],” and it is customary to frighten a person with a misfortune from which he has already suffered.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:2:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:2:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:2:1)

**וְסִכְסַכְתִּי מִצְרַיִם בְּמִצְרַיִם.** סוֹפוֹ מְפָרֵשׁ אֶת תְּחִלָּתוֹ: **וְנִלְחֲמוּ אִישׁ בְּאָחִיו**:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**And I will stir up Egyptians against Egyptians** The end of the verse explains its beginning: And they shall war one man against his brother.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:3:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:3:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:3:1)

**וְנָבְקָה רוּחַ.** תִּתְרוֹקֵן חָכְמָתוֹ, כְּמוֹ ״בּוֹקֵק הָאָרֶץ״ (ישעיהו כד:א):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**And the spirit of Egypt shall empty out** Heb. וְנָבְקָה. His wisdom shall be emptied out. Comp. (infra 24:1) “Empties out (בּוֹקֵק) the land.”


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:3:2
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:3:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:3:2)

**הָאִטִּים.** אֶחָד מִן הַשֵּׁמוֹת שֶׁל עֲבוֹדָה זָרָה:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**sorcerers** Heb. הָאִטִּים, one of the names of the idols.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:4:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:4:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:4:1)

**וְסִכַּרְתִּי.** כְּמוֹ ׳וְסָגַרְתִּי׳; וְיֵשׁ עוֹד לְפָרֵשׁ לְשׁוֹן ״וַיִּסָּכְרוּ מַעְיְנוֹת תְּהוֹם״ (בראשית ח:), אֶסְתְּמֶנּוּ וְאֶחְבְּשֶׁנּוּ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**And I will deliver** וְסִכַּרְתִּי, And I will deliver. Alternatively, it can be interpreted as an expression like (Gen. 8:2): “And the fountains of the deep were stopped up (וַיִּסָּכְרוּ).” I will stop him up and bind him.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:4:2
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:4:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:4:2)

**בְּיַד אֲדֹנִים קָשֶׁה.** כָּל לְשׁוֹן אַדְנוּת קָרוּי בִּלְשׁוֹן רַבִּים, וַאֲפִלּוּ יָחִיד, כְּמוֹ ״אֲדֹנֵי יוֹסֵף״ (בראשית לט:), ״עַד בֹּא אֲדֹנָיו״ (בראשית לט:ז):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**into the hands of a harsh master** Heb. אֲדֹנִים קָשֶׁה. Any expression of lordship is used in the plural, even for a singular. Comp. (ibid. 39:20) “Joseph’s master (אֲדֹנֵי)”; (ibid. 16) “Until his master (אֲדֹנָיו) came.”


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:4:3
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:4:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:4:3)

**וּמֶלֶךְ עַז.** מֶלֶךְ אַשּׁוּר:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and a mighty king** The king of Assyria.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:5:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:5:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:5:1)

**וְנִשְּׁתוּ מַיִם מֵהַיָּם.** וְנֶחְרְבוּ מַיִם מִן הַיָּם:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**And water from the sea shall dry up**


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:5:2
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:5:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:5:2)

**וְנִשְּׁתוּ.** לְשׁוֹן ״הַשְּׁאֵת וְהַשֶּׁבֶר״ (איכה ג:מז). לְפִי שֶׁכָּל שֶׁבַח אֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם עַל יְדֵי נִילוּס הוּא, שֶׁאֵין גְּשָׁמִים יוֹרְדִים שָׁם, אֶלָּא נִילוּס עוֹלֶה וּמַשְׁקֶה אוֹתָהּ דֶּרֶךְ יְאוֹרִים הָעֲשׂוּיִים בִּידֵי אָדָם, לְפִיכָךְ הוּא מְדַמֶּה פֻּרְעָנוּת שֶׁלָּהּ לְיֹבֶשׁ יְאוֹרִים:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
Heb. וְנִשְּׁתוּ, an expression like (Lam. 3:47): “The desolation (הַשְׁאֵת) and the breach.” Since the entire productivity of Egypt is due to the Nile, since no rain falls there, but the Nile rises and waters it through its man made canals, he, therefore, compares its retribution to the drying up of canals. [Some manuscripts read:] Rivers and canals.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:5:3
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:5:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:5:3)

**וְנִשְּׁתוּ מַיִם מֵהַיָּם.** וְלֹא יַחֲזִיר הַיָּם אֶת נִילוּס לַאֲחוֹרָיו, וְיֵרֵד נִילוּס לְתוֹכוֹ וְלֹא יַעֲלֶה וְיַשְׁקֶה אֶת מִצְרַיִם:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**And water from the sea shall dry up** And the sea shall not return the Nile to its source, but the Nile will descend into it and will not ascend to water Egypt.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:5:4
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:5:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:5:4)

**וְנָהָר.** זֶה נִילוּס:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and the river** This is the Nile.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:6:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:6:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:6:1)

**וְהֶאֶזְנִיחוּ.** כְּשֶׁהַמַּיִם מִתְמַעֲטִין, הַטִּיט נִכָּר בָּהֶם, וְנַעֲשִׂין רֶפֶשׁ וְנִזְנָחִין:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**And they shall abandon** When the water decreases, the mud is noticeable in it, and it becomes a mire and is abandoned.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:6:2
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:6:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:6:2)

**דָּלֲלוּ.** בְּמַחְבֶּרֶת ״אִם דַּל הוּא״ (ויקרא יד:כא):


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:6:3
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:6:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:6:3)

**יְאֹרֵי מָצוֹר.** יְאוֹרִים עֲמֻקִּים בַּחֲרִיצֵי מְצוֹרֵי עֲיָרוֹת:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**the deep canals** Heb. יְאֹרֵי מָצוֹר. The deep canals, like the ditches of the sieges of cities. [Rashi according to Parshandatha. Printed editions read:] In the ditches of the sieges of cities.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:6:4
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:6:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:6:4)

**קָנֶה וָסוּף**, שֶׁהָיוּ גְּדֵלִים שָׁם מֵרֹב מֵימֵיהֶם:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**reeds and rushes** that grew there because of their abundant water.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:6:5
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:6:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:6:5)

**קָמֵלוּ.** כְּשֶׁיָּבְשׁוּ הַיְאוֹרִים, עָמְדוּ הַקָּנִים מִלִּגְדּוֹל עוֹד, וְהֵם מִתְיַבְּשִׁים וְנוֹפְלִים. תִּרְגֵּם יוֹנָתָן קָמֵלוּ: ״לָא יִסְקוּן״, וּבְמָקוֹם אַחֵר תִּרְגֵּם ״הֶחְפִּיר לְבָנוֹן קָמַל״ (ישעיהו לג:ט): ״נְתַר״. וְאוֹמֵר אֲנִי, שֶׁהוּא לְשׁוֹן ׳קְצִיצָה׳, שֶׁנִּקְצָצִים מֵאֲלֵיהֶן מֵחֲמַת יוֹבְשָׁן וְנוֹפְלִין:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**shall be cut off** When the canals dry up, the reeds stop growing, and they dry up and fall. Jonathan renders: Shall not come up. Elsewhere (infra 33:9), he renders: “The Lebanon was dried up, cut off (קָמַל),” as ‘fell.’ I say, however, that it is an expression of cutting off, that they are cut off by themselves because of their dryness, and they fall.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:7:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:7:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:7:1)

**עָרוֹת עַל יְאוֹר עַל פִּי יְאוֹר, וְכָל מִזְרַע יְאוֹר וגו׳. עָרוֹת** – לְשׁוֹן דָּבָר הַמְעוֹרֶה וְנִשְׁרָשׁ יָפֶה יָפֶה, וְדוֹמֶה לוֹ (תהלים לז:לה) ״רָשָׁע עָרִיץ וּמִתְעָרֶה כְּאֶזְרָח רַעֲנָן״, וְכֵן חִבְּרוֹ מְנַחֵם בְּמַחְבַּרְתּוֹ. זְרָעִים הַנִּשְׁרָשִׁים עַל נִילוּס, וַאֲפִלּוּ עַל פִּי שְׂפָתוֹ, וְכָל הַנִּזְרָעִים עָלָיו הַכֹּל **יָבֵשׁ וְנִדָּף**:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**The well-rooted plants by the stream, by the brink of the stream** Heb. עָרוֹת, an expression denoting something rooted very well. Comp. (Psalms 37:35) “The wicked, terrible in power, striking roots (מִתְעָרֶה) like a green tree in its native soil.” Menachem, too, equated it in this manner in his lexicon. [Menachem, however, explains both terms as an expression of growing and of freshness.] Seeds, well-rooted by the Nile, and even on its brink, and all those planted thereby, everything shall dry up and be driven away.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:8:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:8:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:8:1)

**וְאָנוּ.** לְשׁוֹן אוֹנִי וָאֵבֶל:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**And...shall lament** Heb. וְאָנוּ, an expression of lamentation and mourning.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:8:2
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:8:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:8:2)

**הַדַּיָּגִים.** הֵם מִצְרַיִם, שֶׁצָּדִין דָּגִים מִנִּילוּס, שֶׁהוּא מִתְפַּשֵּׁט וְעוֹלֶה בִּיאוֹרִים רַבִּים הָעֲשׂוּיִין עַל שְׂפָתוֹ עַל פְּנֵי אֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם כֻּלָּהּ, מַה שֶּׁאֵין כֵּן בְּכָל הַנְּהָרוֹת:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**the fishermen** They are the Egyptians who catch fish from the Nile, which spreads and goes up into many canals made on its banks over the surface of all the land of Egypt, unlike other rivers.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:8:3
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:8:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:8:3)

**חַכָּה.** אמ״ו בלע״ז:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**fishhooks** ajjm in O.F.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:9:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:9:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:9:1)

**עֹבְדֵי פִשְׁתִּים.** זוֹרְעֵי פִּשְׁתִּים עַל הַנָּהָר:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Those who work at flax** Who sow flax by the river.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:9:2
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:9:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:9:2)

**שְׂרִיקוֹת.** פִּשְׁתִּים שֶׁסּוֹרְקִין אוֹתָן, וְאוֹרְגִין מֵהֶם מְצוּדוֹת דָּגִים, שֶׁהֵן עֲשׂוּיוֹת חוֹרִין חוֹרִין:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**to be combed** Flax that they comb and from which they weave fish nets, which are made with many holes.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:9:3
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:9:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:9:3)

**חוֹרָי.** כְּמוֹ ״בַּהֲמוֹת שָׂדָי״ (תהלים ח:ח), ״וְקָרַע לוֹ חַלּוֹנָי״ (ירמיהו כב:יד):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**nets** [lit. holes.] Since the suffix is irregular, ordinarily חוֹרִים Rashi enumerates similar instances e.g.,] (Psalms 8:5) “The beasts of the field (שָׂדָי)”; (Jer. 22:14) “And he will cut out for himself windows (חַלּוֹנָי).”


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:10:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:10:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:10:1)

**וְהָיוּ שָׁתֹתֶיהָ מְדֻכָּאִים כָּל עֹשֵׂי שֶׂכֶר.** אישקלוש״א בלע״ז, כְּמוֹ (בראשית ח:ב) ״וַיִּסָּכְרוּ מַעַיְנוֹת תְּהוֹם״, שֶׁסּוֹכְרִים הַמַּיִם הַיּוֹצְאִין חוּץ לִשְׂפַת הַנָּהָר וּמִתְפַּשְּׁטִים, וְנַעֲשִׂים אֲגַם מַיִם הַנִּקְוִים וְעוֹמְדִין בִּמְקוֹמָן, וְרָבִים שָׁם דָּגִים. וְאָמַר הַנָּבִיא שֶׁיִּהְיוּ יְסוֹדוֹת חֲפִירוֹתֵיהֶן מְדֻכָּאִים, וְיִפְּלוּ אַגְמֵי הַשֶּׂכֶר שֶׁעָשׂוּ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**And its foundations shall be crushed, all who make dams** Eklusa in O.F., a sluice. Comp. (Gen. 8:2) “And the fountains of the deep were stopped up (וַיִּסָּכְרוּ),” for they would stop up the water that went out of the banks of the river and spread out, forming a pond of still water, standing in its place, where fish would spawn. The prophet says that the foundations of their diggings shall be crushed, and the dammed up pools that they made.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:10:2
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:10:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:10:2)

**אַגְמֵי נָפֶשׁ.** אַגְמֵי שֶׁבֶת לָשׁוֹן ״שָׁבַת וַיִּנָּפַשׁ״ (שמות לא:יז), שֶׁמֵּי הָאֲגַמִּים נוֹחִים וְעוֹמְדִים בְּמָקוֹם אֶחָד. וְיוֹנָתָן תִּרְגֵּם: ״דַּהֲווֹ עָבְדִין סוּכְרָא וְכָנְשִׁין מַיָּא, גְּבַר לְנַפְשֵׁיהּ״:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**still ponds** An expression like (Ex. 31:17): “He rested and was refreshed (וַיִּנָּפַשׁ),” for the water of the ponds rests and stands in one place. Jonathan, however, renders: Who would make the dams and gather the water, each one for himself.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:11:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:11:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:11:1)

**אֵיךְ תֹּאמְרוּ** מֵעַתָּה לְפַרְעֹה, כָּל אִישׁ מִכֶּם עַל עַצְמוֹ ״בֶּן חֲכָמִים אֲנִי״, וּמֵאַחַר שֶׁיִּכָּשֵׁל בַּעֲצַתְכֶם, אֵיךְ תִּתְהַלְּלוּ לְפָנָיו לֵאמֹר בְּנֵי חֲכָמִים אֲנַחְנוּ, אַתָּה בֶּן מַלְכֵי קֶדֶם:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**How will you say** from now on to Pharaoh, each one of you about himself, I am a son of the wise? Since he will fail because of your counsel, how will you boast before him to say, We are sons of the wise, O you who are a son of the kings of old.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:13:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:13:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:13:1)

**נוֹאֲלוּ.** לְשׁוֹן אֱוִילִים:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**have become foolish** Heb. נוֹאֲלוּ, an expression related to אֱלִילִים, fools.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:13:2
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:13:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:13:2)

**נִשְּׁאוּ.** כְּמוֹ ״הַנָּחָשׁ הִשִּׁיאַנִי״ (בראשית ג:יג):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**have been misled** Heb. נָשְּׁאוּ, have been misled. Comp. (Gen. 3:13) “The snake misled me (הִשִּׁיאַנִּי) and I ate.”


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:14:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:14:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:14:1)

**מָסַךְ בְּקִרְבָּהּ.** מַשְׁקֶה מָזַג לָהֶם בְּתוֹכָהּ, שֶׁעִוָּה אֶת רוּחָם. לְשׁוֹן ״מָסְכָה יֵינָהּ״ (משלי ט:ב). עֵרוּב מַשְׁקֶה בְּחָבִית עַד שֶׁמַּעֲמִידוֹ בְּטַעְמוֹ קָרוּי מֶסֶךְ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**The Lord has poured into its midst** He mixed a drink for them in its midst, which perverted their spirit, an expression similar to (Prov. 9:2), “She mixed (מָסְכָה) her wine.” Mixing a beverage in a cask until he blends it to its proper flavor is called מֶסֶךְ.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:14:2
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:14:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:14:2)

**עִוְעִים.** שֵׁם חֹלִי שֶׁל טֵרוּף הַדַּעַת:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**perverseness** Heb. עִוְעִים, the name of a malady of confusion.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:15:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:15:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:15:1)

**אֲשֶׁר יַעֲשֶׂה רֹאשׁ וְזָנָב כִּפָּה וְאַגְמוֹן.** הֵם הַחַרְטוּמִים וְאִצְטַגְנִינִים הַחוֹזִים בַּכּוֹכָבִים, שֶׁיֵּשׁ בָּרָקִיעַ מַזָּלוֹת וְכוֹכָבִים הַמְכֻנִּים כֵּן וַעֲשׂוּיִין דֻּגְמַת רֹאשׁ וְזָנָב, וְהֵם נְתוּנִים בִּתְלִי (ספרים אחרים: בְּטָלֶה). וְיֵשׁ לְפָרֵשׁ כְּתַרְגּוּמוֹ: ״רֹאשׁ וְהֶגְמוֹן, שִׁלְטוֹן וְאַטְרוֹן״:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**that either the head or the tail, the branch or the reed shall do** These are the sorcerers and the astrologers who see in the stars that in the sky are heavenly bodies called by these names, formed in the pattern of a head and a tail, and they are placed in Aries. [Other editions read:] In Draco. Alternatively, it can be interpreted like the Targum: a head and a lower dignitary, a prince and a governor.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:17:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:17:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:17:1)

**וְהָיְתָה אַדְמַת יְהוּדָה לְמִצְרַיִם לְחָגָּא.** כְּשֶׁיִּשְׁמְעוּ הַנּוֹתָרִים בְּמִצְרַיִם מִשְּׁבִי סַנְחֵרִיב אֶת מַפַּלְתּוֹ, שֶׁיִּפּוֹל בְּאֶרֶץ יְהוּדָה בְּלֹא שׁוּם מִלְחֲמוֹת זְרוֹעַ בָּשָׂר, יֵדְעוּ כִּי יֵשׁ שְׁכִינָה בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל וּמוֹשִׁיעָם חָזָק, וְיִירָאוּ וְיִפְחֲדוּ מִפְּנֵי אַדְמַת יְהוּדָה:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**And the land of Judah shall be to Egypt for a dread** When those remaining in Egypt from the captivity of Sennacherib hear of his downfall, that he will fall in the land of Judah without any physical warfare, they will know that the Divine Presence is manifest in Israel and that their Savior is mighty, and they will fear and be frightened of the land of Judah.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:17:2
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:17:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:17:2)

**חָגָּא.** לְשׁוֹן שֶׁבֶר, וְאֵימָה וָפַחַד, לְשׁוֹן ״יָחוֹגּוּ וְיָנוּעוּ כַּשִּׁכּוֹר״ (תהלים קז:כז), וְכֵן ״חַגְוֵי הַסֶּלַע״ (שיר השירים ב:יד):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**a dread** Heb. לְחָגָּא, an expression of a breach and fear and fright, similar to (Psalms 107:27): “They were frightened (יָחוֹגוּ) and wander like a drunkard,” similarly (Song 2:14), “In the cracks of (בְּחַגְוֵי) the rock.”


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:17:3
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:17:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:17:3)

**מִפְּנֵי עֲצַת ה׳ צְבָאוֹת אֲשֶׁר הוּא יוֹעֵץ עָלָיו.** לְהַפִּילוֹ בְּיַד סַנְחֵרִיב, וִיהוּדָה יִמָּלֵט מִיָּדוֹ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**because of the plan of the Lord of Hosts which he planned against him** to cause him to fall into the hands of Sennacherib, and Judah will escape from his hand.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:18:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:18:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:18:1)

**בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא יִהְיוּ חָמֵשׁ עָרִים וְגוֹ׳.** שָׁנִינוּ בְּסֵדֶר עוֹלָם (סדר עולם רבה כג): אַחַר מַפַּלְתּוֹ שֶׁל סַנְחֵרִיב עָמַד חִזְקִיָּהוּ וּפָטַר אֶת הָאֻכְלוֹסִין שֶׁהֵבִיא עִמּוֹ מִמִּצְרַיִם וּמִכּוּשׁ בְּקוֹלָרִין לִפְנֵי יְרוּשָׁלַיִם, וְקִבְּלוּ עֲלֵיהֶם מַלְכוּת שָׁמַיִם, וְחָזְרוּ לִמְקוֹמָן, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: **בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא יִהְיוּ חָמֵשׁ עָרִים וְגוֹ׳**. וְהָלְכוּ וּבָנוּ מִזְבֵּחַ לַה׳ בְּאֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם, וּמַקְרִיבִין עָלָיו קָרְבָּן לַשָּׁמַיִם, לְקַיֵּם מַה שֶּׁנֶּאֱמַר: **בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא יִהְיֶה מִזְבֵּחַ לַה׳ בְּאֶרֶץ מִצְרָיִם**. וְיֵשׁ מֵרַבּוֹתֵינוּ שֶׁדְּרָשׁוּהוּ בְּמַסֶּכֶת מְנָחוֹת (מנחות קט ב) עַל מִזְבַּח בֵּית חוֹנְיוֹ, בְּנוֹ שֶׁל שִׁמְעוֹן הַצַּדִּיק, שֶׁבָּרַח לוֹ לְמִצְרַיִם וְעָשָׂה שָׁם מִזְבֵּחַ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**On that day there shall be five cities, etc.** We learned in Seder Olam (ch. 23): Following Sennacherib’s defeat, Hezekiah stood up and released the armies he had brought with him from Egypt and from Cush in chains before Jerusalem, and they imposed upon themselves the kingdom of heaven, and returned to their place, and it is said: “On that day there shall be five cities, etc.” They went and built an altar to the Lord in the land of Egypt and they would sacrifice on it to heaven, to fulfill what was said: On that day there shall be an altar to the Lord in the land of Egypt. Some of our Sages expounded it in the tractate Menahoth (109b) as referring to the altar of the temple of Onias the son of Simon the Just, who fled to Egypt and built an altar there.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:18:2
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:18:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:18:2)

**מְדַבְּרוֹת שְׂפַת כְּנַעַן.** כְּיִשְׂרָאֵל שֶׁבְּאֶרֶץ כְּנַעַן:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**speaking the language of Canaan** like the Israelites in the land of Canaan.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:18:3
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:18:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:18:3)

**עִיר הַהֶרֶס יֵאָמֵר לְאֶחָת.** תִּרְגֵּם יוֹנָתָן: ״קַרְתָּא דְבֵית שֶׁמֶשׁ דַּעֲתִידָא לְמֵיחֱרַב יִתְאַמַּר הִיא חֲדָא מִנְּהוֹן״. הַהֶרֶס תִּרְגְּמוֹ יוֹנָתָן לִשְׁנֵי פָנִים: לְשׁוֹן ״הָאֹמֵר לַחֶרֶס וְלֹא יִזְרָח״ (איוב ט:ז), וּלְשׁוֹן הֲרִיסָה וְחֻרְבָּן. וּמֵהֵיכָן לְמָדָהּ יוֹנָתָן? מִנְּבוּאָתוֹ שֶׁל יִרְמְיָה שֶׁנִּבָּא בְּתַחְפַּנְחֵס: ״וְשִׁבַּר אֶת מַצְּבוֹת בֵּית שֶׁמֶשׁ אֲשֶׁר בְּאֶרֶץ מִצְרָיִם״ (ירמיהו מג:יג). לָמַדְנוּ שֶׁבֵּית שֶׁמֶשׁ שֶׁבְּאֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם וּמַצֵּבָה עֲתִידָה לֵחָרֵב, וּמַצֵּבוֹת הָאֲמוּרוֹת שָׁם הִיא מַצֵּבָה אֵצֶל גְּבוּלָהּ לַה׳ הָאֲמוּרָה כָּאן. וְיֵשׁ לוֹמַר שֶׁהָיְתָה בֵּית שֶׁמֶשׁ יוֹשֶׁבֶת בִּגְבוּל מִצְרַיִם עַל הַסְּפָר, לְכָךְ נֶאֱמַר אֵצְלָהּ גְּבוּלָהּ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**one of which will be called “the city of Heres.”** Jonathan paraphrases: The city of Beth-shemesh which is destined to be destroyed will be said to be one of them. Jonathan renders “Heres” in two ways: an expression related to (Job 9:7) “Who says to the sun (לַחֶרֶס) and it will not shine,” [הֶרֶס and חֶרֶס being interchangeable since ‘heh’ and ‘heth’ are both gutterals,] and an expression of demolition and destruction. (Some editions add:) And whence did Jonathan derive this? From Jeremiah’s prophecy, which he prophesied in Tahpanhes (43:13): “He shall also break the monuments of Beth shemesh which is in the land of Egypt.” We learn from here that Beth-shemesh that was in the land of Egypt [and the monument] was destined to be destroyed, and the monuments mentioned there are identical with “the monument beside its border, to the Lord,” mentioned here, and it may be said that Beth-shemesh was situated in the border of Egypt on the boundary. Therefore it is stated: Beside its border.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:20:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:20:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:20:1)

**וְהָיָה.** הַמִּזְבֵּחַ לְאוֹת וּלְעֵד בֵּינָם וּבֵין הַמָּקוֹם:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**And it shall be** The altar shall be for a sign and for a witness between them and the Omnipresent.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:20:2
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:20:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:20:2)

**מוֹשִׁיעַ וָרָב.** מוֹשִׁיעַ וְשַׂר:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**a savior and a prince** Heb. מוֹשִׁיעַ וְרָב, a savior and a prince.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:21:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:21:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:21:1)

**וְנוֹדַע ה׳.** יִהְיֶה כֹּחַ גְּבוּרָתוֹ נִכָּר לָהֶם:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**And the Lord shall be known to the Egyptians** The strength of His might shall be recognized by them.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:22:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:22:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:22:1)

**וְנָגַף.** לְשׁוֹן מַכָּה הוּא:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**And...shall plague** Heb. נָגֹף. This is an expression of smiting.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:22:2
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:22:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:22:2)

**נָגֹף וְרָפוֹא.** וְאַחַר הַמַּכָּה יָבִיא לָהֶם רְפוּאָה:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**plaguing and healing** And after the plague, He will create a cure for them.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:22:3
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:22:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:22:3)

**וְנֶעְתַּר לָהֶם.** יֵרָצֶה לָהֶם:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and He shall accept their prayer** [lit.] and He shall be reconciled with them.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:23:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:23:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:23:1)

**תִּהְיֶה מְסִלָּה.** תִּהְיֶה דֶּרֶךְ כְּבוּשָׁה שֶׁיֵּלְכוּ בָּהּ תָּמִיד **מִמִּצְרַיִם** לְאַשּׁוּר:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**there shall be a highway** And there shall be a paved road by which they will always go from Egypt to Assyria.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:23:2
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:23:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:23:2)

**וּבָא אַשּׁוּר בְּמִצְרַיִם.** תִּרְגֵּם יוֹנָתָן: ״וְיִגִיחוּן אֲתוּרָאֵי לְמִצְרָאֵי״:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and Assyria shall come upon Egypt** Jonathan renders: And the Assyrians shall wage war with the Egyptians.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:24:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:24:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:24:1)

**יִהְיֶה יִשְׂרָאֵל שְׁלִישִׁיָּה לְמִצְרַיִם וּלְאַשּׁוּר.** לְשָׁלוֹם וְלִבְרָכָה, לְפִי שֶׁלֹּא הָיְתָה אֻמָּה חֲשׁוּבָה בָּעוֹלָם בְּאוֹתוֹ הַזְּמַן כְּמִצְרַיִם וּכְאַשּׁוּר, וְיִשְׂרָאֵל הָיוּ שְׁפָלִים בִּימֵי אָחָז וּבִימֵי הוֹשֵׁעַ בֶּן אֵלָה, וְאָמַר הַנָּבִיא: עַל יְדֵי הַנֵּס שֶׁיַּעֲשֶׂה לְחִזְקִיָּהוּ יִגְדַּל שֵׁם שֶׁל יִשְׂרָאֵל לְמַעְלָה וְיִהְיוּ חֲשׁוּבִים כְּאַחַת מֵאֵלּוּ הַמַּמְלָכוֹת לִבְרָכָה וְלִגְדֻלָּה:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Israel shall be a third to Egypt and to Assyria** for a blessing, since there was no prominent nation in the world at that time like Egypt and like Assyria, and the Jews were humble in the days of Ahaz and in the days of Hoshea the son of Elah. And the prophet states that, through the miracle that will be performed for Hezekiah, Israel’s name will be greatly magnified, and they will be as prominent as one of these kingdoms in regards to blessing and greatness.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:25:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:25:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:25:1)

**אֲשֶׁר בֵּרֲכוֹ.** לְיִשְׂרָאֵל:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Which...blessed them** [lit. him,] i.e., Israel.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:25:2
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:25:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:25:2)

**בָּרוּךְ עַמִּי.** יִשְׂרָאֵל, אֲשֶׁר בָּחַרְתִּי לִי לְעָם בִּהְיוֹתָם בְּמִצְרָיִם:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Blessed is My people** Israel, whom I chose for Myself as a people when they were in Egypt.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 19:25:3
[Rashi on Isaiah 19:25:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/19:25:3)

**וּמַעֲשֵׂה יָדַי** הֶרְאֵיתִי לָהֶם בִּגְבוּרוֹת שֶׁהִפְלֵאתִי בְּאַשּׁוּר, וְעַל יְדֵי אוֹתָם נִסִּים יָשׁוּבוּ אֵלַי וְיִהְיוּ כְּאִלּוּ עַתָּה עֲשִׂיתִים מֵחָדָשׁ, וְהֵם יִהְיוּ **נַחֲלָתִי יִשְׂרָאֵל**, וְדֻגְמָא זוֹ תִּרְגֵּם יוֹנָתָן:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and the work of My hands** I showed them with the mighty deeds I performed wondrously against Assyria, and through those miracles they will repent and be as though I just made them anew, and they will be My heritage, Israel. Jonathan paraphrased this in a similar manner.