## Rashi on Isaiah Chapter 40

###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:1:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:1:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:1:1)

**נַחֲמוּ נַחֲמוּ.** חוֹזֵר עַל נְבוּאוֹתָיו הָעֲתִידוֹת, לְפִי שֶׁמִכָּאן וְעַד סוֹף הַסֵּפֶר דִּבְרֵי נֶחָמוֹת, הִפְסִיק פָּרָשָׁה זוֹ בֵּינָם לְבֵין הַפֻּרְעָנוּת. נַחֲמוּ אַתֶּם נְבִיאַי, נַחֲמוּ אֶת עַמִּי:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Console, console My people** He returns to his future prophecies; since from here to the end of the Book are words of consolations, this section separated them from the prophecies of retribution. Console, you, My prophets, console My people.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:2:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:2:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:2:1)

**כִּי מָלְאָה צְבָאָהּ.** תִּרְגֵּם יוֹנָתָן: ״עֲתִידָה דְּתִיתְמְלִי מֵעַם גָּלוּותָהָא״, כְּמוֹ ״כִּי מָלְאָה מִצְּבָאָהּ״. וְיֵשׁ פּוֹתְרִין צְבָאָהּ כְּמוֹ (איוב ז:א) ״הֲלֹא צָבָא לֶאֱנוֹשׁ עֲלֵי אָרֶץ״:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**for she has become full [from] her host** Jonathan renders: She is destined to become full from the people of the exiles, as though it would say, “She has become full from her host.” Others interpret צְבָאָה like (Job 7:1), “Is there not a time (צָבָא) for man on the earth?”


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:2:2
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:2:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:2:2)

**נִרְצָה.** נִתְפַּיֵּס:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**has been appeased** Heb. נִרְצָה, has been appeased.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:2:3
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:2:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:2:3)

**כִּי לָקְחָה וגו׳.** ״אֲרֵי קַבִּילַת כָּס תַּנְחוּמִין מִן קֳדָם ה׳ כְּאִלּוּ לָקַת עַל חַד תְּרֵין בְּכָל חַטָּאתָהָא״. וּלְפִי פְשׁוּטוֹ יִתָּכֵן לְפָרֵשׁ כִּי לָקְחָה פּוּרְעָנוּת כִּפְלַיִם, וְאִם תֹּאמַר הֵיאַךְ מִדָּתוֹ שֶׁל הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא לְשַׁלֵּם לְאָדָם כִּפְלַיִם בְּחֶטְאוֹ, מָצִינוּ מִקְרָא מָלֵא (ירמיהו טז:יח) ״וְשִׁלַּמְתִּי רִאשׁוֹנָה מִשְׁנֶה עֲוֹנָם וְחַטָּאתָם״:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**for she has taken etc.** [Jonathan paraphrases:] For she has received a cup of consolation from before the Lord as though she has been punished doubly for all her sins. According to its simple meaning, it is possible to explain, ‘for she received double punishment.’ Now if you ask, how is it the standard of the Holy One, blessed be He, to pay back a person double his sin, I will tell you that we find an explicit verse (Jer. 16:18): “And I will pay first the doubling of their iniquity and their sin.”


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:3:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:3:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:3:1)

**קוֹל** רוּחַ הַקֹּדֶשׁ **קוֹרֵא בַּמִּדְבָּר**:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**A voice** The Holy Spirit calls, “In the desert, the way to Jerusalem.”


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:3:2
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:3:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:3:2)

**פַּנּוּ דֶּרֶךְ ה׳.** דֶּרֶךְ יְרוּשָׁלַיִם, לָשׁוּב גְּלִיּוֹתֶיהָ לְתוֹכָהּ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**clear the way of the Lord** for her exiles to return to her midst. [The Warsaw edition yields:] **Clear the way of the Lord** The way of Jerusalem for her exiles to return to her midst.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:4:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:4:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:4:1)

**כָּל גֶּיא יִנָּשֵׂא** וְהָ**הָר יִשְׁפָּל**, הֲרֵי דֶּרֶךְ חֲלָקָה וְשָׁוָה וְנוֹחָה:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Every valley shall be raised** and the mountain shall be lowered, thus resulting in a smooth, even, and easily traversed road.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:4:2
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:4:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:4:2)

**וְהָרְכָסִים.** הָרִים הַסְּמוּכִים זֶה לָזֶה, וּמִתּוֹךְ סְמִיכָתָן מוֹרָד שֶׁבֵּינֵיהֶם זָקוּף וְאֵינוֹ מְעֻקָּם, שֶׁיְּהֵא נוֹחַ לֵירֵד וְלַעֲלוֹת (הָרְכָסִים מְתֻרְגָּם ״גְּדוּדָיו״, לְשׁוֹן גּוֹבַהּ כְּמוֹ ׳גְּדוּדֵי הַנָּהָר׳):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and the close mountains** Heb. רְכָסִים, mountains close to each other, and because of their proximity, the descent between them is steep and it is not slanted, that it should be easy to descend and ascend. ([The word] רְכָסִים is translated by Jonathan as ‘banks,’ an expression of height like the banks of a river.)


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:4:3
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:4:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:4:3)

**הָרְכָסִים.** כְּמוֹ ״וְיִרְכְּסוּ אֶת הַחֹשֶׁן״ (שמות כח:כח):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**close mountains** Heb. רְכָסִים. Comp. (Ex. 28:28) “And they shall fasten (וְיִרְכְּסוּ) the breastplate.”


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:4:4
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:4:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:4:4)

**לְבִקְעָה.** קנפנייא בלע״ז, אֶרֶץ חֲלָקָה וְשָׁוָה:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**a champaigne** Canpayne in O.F., a smooth and even terrain.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:6:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:6:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:6:1)

**קוֹל.** מֵאֵת הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא **אוֹמֵר** אֵלַי: **״קְרָא״**:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**A voice** from the Holy One, blessed be He, says to me, “Call!”


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:6:2
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:6:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:6:2)

**וְאָמַר.** רוּחִי אֵלָיו: **״מָה אֶקְרָא?״** וְהַקּוֹל מְשִׁיבוֹ: ״זֹאת קְרָא: **כָּל הַבָּשָׂר חָצִיר״** – כָּל הַמַּגְבִּיהִים תֵּהָפֵךְ גְּדֻלָּתָם וְתִהְיֶה כֶּחָצִיר. (דבר אחר: **כָּל הַבָּשָׂר חָצִיר**) – סוֹף אָדָם לָמוּת, לְפִיכָךְ אִם אָמַר לַעֲשׂוֹת חֶסֶד הֲרֵי הוּא **כְּצִיץ הַשָּׂדֶה** אֲשֶׁר יְמוֹלֵל וְיִבַשׁ וְאֵין לִסְמוֹךְ עָלָיו, שֶׁאֵין בְּיָדוֹ לְקַיֵּם שֶׁמָּא יָמוּת, שֶׁכְּשֶׁ**יָּבֵשׁ חָצִיר נָבֵל צִיץ**, כֵּן כְּשֶׁמֵּת הָאָדָם בָּטְלָה הַבְטָחָתוֹ. אֲבָל **דְּבַר אֱלֹהֵינוּ יָקוּם** כִּי הוּא חַי וְקַיָּם וּבְיָדוֹ לְקַיֵּם, לְפִיכָךְ **עַל הַר גָּבֹהַ עֲלִי** וּבַשְּׂרִי **מְבַשֶּׂרֶת צִיּוֹן** (ישעיהו מ:ט), כִּי מִפִּי הַחַי **לְעוֹלָם** הִיא הַבְטָחַת הַבְּשׂוֹרָה:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and it says** My spirit says to Him, “What shall I call?” And the voice answers him, “Call this, all flesh is grass. All those who are haughty their greatness shall be turned over and become like grass. ([Manuscripts yield:] All the princes of the kingdom their greatness shall be turned over and shall wither away [lit. shall end] like grass.)


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:6:3
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:6:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:6:3)

**וְכָל חַסְדּוֹ כְּצִיץ הַשָּׂדֶה.** כִּי ״חֶסֶד וְגוֹ׳ חַטָּאת״ (משלי יד:לד):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and all its kindness is like the blossom of the field** For “the kindness of the nations is sin” (Prov. 14:34). [Ed. note: We have inverted the order of Rashi and followed the order of K’li Paz and Parshandatha, to connect the second part of the verse with the first. Rashi’s explanation of the second part follows his first explanation of the first part. In the Lublin edition, the second explanation of the first part of the verse interrupts the sequence.] (Another explanation is: All flesh is grass.) A person’s end is to die; therefore, if he says to do kindness, he is like the blossom of the field, that is cut off and dries, and one must not rely on him, for he has no power to fulfill his promise, perhaps he will die, for, just as the grass dries out and the blossom wilts, so is it that when a man dies, his promise is null, but the word of our God shall last for He is living and existing, and He has the power to fulfill. Therefore, “Upon a lofty mountain ascend and herald, O herald of Zion, for the promise of the tidings emanates from the mouth of Him Who lives forever.”


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:7:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:7:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:7:1)

**נָבֵל.** כָּמַשׁ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**shall wilt** Heb. נָבֵל, wilt.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:9:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:9:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:9:1)

**מְבַשֶּׂרֶת צִיּוֹן.** ״נְבִיָּיא דִּמְבַשְּׂרִין לְצִיּוֹן״, וּבְמָקוֹם אַחֵר הוּא אוֹמֵר: ״רַגְלֵי מְבַשֵּׂר״ (ישעיהו נב:ז), זָכוּ – קַל כְּזָכָר, לֹא זָכוּ – תַּשׁ כִּנְקֵבָה, וּמְאַחֵר פְּעָמָיו עַד הַקֵּץ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**O herald of Zion** Heb. מְבַשֶּׂרֶת. The prophets who herald Zion. [This is the feminine form.] Elsewhere (infra 52:7), he says, “the feet of the herald (מְבַשֵּׂר).” [This is the masculine form.] This denotes that if they are worthy, he will be as swift as a male. If they are not worthy, he will be as weak as a female and will delay his steps until the end.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:10:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:10:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:10:1)

**בְּחָזָק יָבוֹא.** עַל הָאֻמּוֹת לִפָּרַע:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**shall come with a strong [hand]** to mete out retribution upon the heathens. ([Mss. read:] Upon the nations.)


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:10:2
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:10:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:10:2)

**הִנֵּה שְׂכָרוֹ אִתּוֹ.** מְזֻמָּן אִתּוֹ לַצַּדִּיקִים:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**behold His reward is with Him** It is prepared with Him for the righteous.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:10:3
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:10:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:10:3)

**וּפְעֻלָּתוֹ.** שְׂכַר פְּעֻלָּה שֶׁעָלָיו לִתֵּן לָהֶם:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and His recompense** [lit. His deed,] the recompense for the deed, which He is obliged to give them.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:11:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:11:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:11:1)

**כְּרֹעֶה.** אֲשֶׁר **עֶדְרוֹ יִרְעֶה, בִּזְרֹעוֹ** מְקַבֵּץ **טְלָאִים וּבְחֵיקוֹ** נוֹשְׂאָם:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Like a shepherd [who] tends his flock** Like a shepherd who tends his flock; with his arm he gathers lambs, and he carries them in his bosom.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:11:2
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:11:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:11:2)

**עָלוֹת יְנַהֵל.** ״מִינִיקְתָא בְּנִיחַ מְדַבַּר״ (תרגום יונתן), הַצֹּאן הַמְּנִיקוֹת:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**the nursing ones he leads** [Jonathan renders:] The nursing ones he leads gently, the nursing sheep.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:11:3
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:11:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:11:3)

**יְנַהֵל.** כְּמוֹ ׳מְנַהֵל׳:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**he leads** Heb. יְנַהֵל, lit. he shall lead, like מְנַהֵל, he leads.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:12:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:12:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:12:1)

**מִי מָדַד וְגוֹ׳.** כָּל זֶה הָיָה בּוֹ כֹּחַ לַעֲשׂוֹת, וְכָל שֶׁכֵּן שֶׁיֵּשׁ בּוֹ כֹּחַ לִשְׁמוֹר הַבְטָחוֹת הַלָּלוּ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Who measured etc.** He had the power to do all this, and surely He has the power to keep these promises.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:12:2
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:12:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:12:2)

**בְּשָׁעֳלוֹ.** בַּהֲלִיכָתוֹ, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר ״דָּרַכְתָּ בְיָם סוּסֶיךָ״ (חבקוק ג:טו). **בְּשָׁעֳלוֹ** כְּמוֹ ״בְּמִשְׁעוֹל הַכְּרָמִים״ (במדבר כב:כד) – שְׁבִיל. דָּבָר אַחֵר: ׳שַׁעַל׳ שֵׁם כְּלִי הוּא, וְכֵן ״בְּשַׁעֲלֵי שְׂעוֹרִים״ (יחזקאל יג:יט):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**with his gait** Heb. בְּשָׁעֳלוֹ, with his walking, as it is said (Habakkuk 3:15): “You trod with Your horses in the sea.” Comp. (Num. 22:24) “In the path (בְּמִשְׁעוֹל) of the vineyards, a path (for walking).” Another explanation is that שַׁעַל is the name of a receptacle. Comp. (Ezekiel 13:19) “For measures (בְּשַׁעֲלוֹ) of barley.”


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:12:3
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:12:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:12:3)

**תִּכֵּן.** אמולאי״ר בלע״ז, לְשׁוֹן מִדָּה וּמִנְיָן, כְּמוֹ ״וְתֹכֶן לְבֵנִים תִּתֵּנוּ״ (שמות ה:יח):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**measured** Amolad in O.F., an expression of measure and number. Comp. (Ex. 5:18) “And the number (וְתֹכֶן) of bricks you shall give.”


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:12:4
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:12:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:12:4)

**וְכָל בַּשָּׁלִישׁ.** וּמָדַד בִּשְׁלִישִׁיּוֹת: שְׁלִישׁ מִדְבָּר, שְׁלִישׁ יִשּׁוּב, שְׁלִישׁ יַמִּים וּנְהָרוֹת. לָשׁוֹן אַחֵר: **בַּשָּׁלִישׁ** מִגּוּדָל וְעַד אַמָּה, שְׁלִישִׁי לָאֶצְבָּעוֹת. וּמְנַחֵם פֵּרֵשׁ שֶׁהוּא שֵׁם כְּלִי, וְכֵן ״וַתַּשְׁקֵמוֹ בִּדְמָעוֹת שָׁלִישׁ״ (תהלים פ:ו):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and measured by thirds** Heb. בַּשָּׁלִשׁ, and measured by thirds, one third wilderness, one third civilization, and one third seas and rivers. Another interpretation: בַּשָּׁלִשׁ, from the thumb to the middle finger, the third of the fingers. Menahem explains it as the name of a vessel. Comp. (Ps. 80:6) “And You gave them to drink tears with a vessel (שָׁלִישׁ) .”


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:12:5
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:12:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:12:5)

**וְשָׁקַל בַּפֶּלֶס הָרִים.** הַכֹּל לְפִי הָאָרֶץ: הַר כָּבֵד תָּקַע בְּאֶרֶץ קָשָׁה, וְהַקַּלִּים בְּאֶרֶץ רַכָּה:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and weighed mountains with a scale** Everything according to the earth, a heavy mountain He inserted into hard earth, and the light ones into soft earth.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:13:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:13:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:13:1)

**מִי תִכֵּן.** אֶת רוּחַ הַקֹּדֶשׁ בְּפִי הַנְּבִיאִים? **ה׳** תִּכְּנוֹ, וְכְדַאי הוּא לְהֵאָמֵן:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Who meted** the Holy Spirit in the mouth of the prophets? The Lord prepared it, and He is worthy of belief.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:13:2
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:13:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:13:2)

**וְאִישׁ עֲצָתוֹ יוֹדִיעֶנּוּ.** רוּחוֹ, כֵּן תִּרְגֵּם יוֹנָתָן. וּלְפִי מַשְׁמָעוֹ: **וְאִישׁ עֲצָתוֹ** מוּסָב לְרֹאשׁ הַמִּקְרָא **מִי תִכֵּן אֶת רוּחוֹ**, וּמִי אִישׁ עֲצָתוֹ אֲשֶׁר יוֹדִיעֶנּוּ לְהַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא עֵצָה?

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and His adviser who informs Him** [and the one with whom He takes counsel He informs] of His spirit. So did Jonathan render it. [Who meted out the spirit? The Lord, and the one with whom He takes counsel He informs him, i.e., the righteous in whom God confides, He informs of His plans for the future.] But, according to its context, וְאִישׁ עֲצָתוֹ refers back to the beginning of the verse. Who meted out His spirit and who is His adviser who informs the Holy One, blessed be He, of counsel?


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:14:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:14:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:14:1)

**אֶת מִי נוֹעָץ וַיְבִינֵהוּ.** אֶת מִי מִן הָעוֹבְדֵי כּוֹכָבִים וּמַזָּלוֹת נוֹעָץ, כְּמוֹ שֶׁנּוֹעָץ עִם הַנְּבִיאִים, כְּמוֹ שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר בְּאַבְרָהָם ״וַה׳ אָמַר הַמְכַסֶּה אֲנִי מֵאַבְרָהָם וגו׳״ (בראשית יח:יז):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**With whom did He take counsel and give him to understand** With which of the heathens ([mss., K’li Paz:] nations) did He take counsel, as He took counsel with the prophets, as it is said concerning Abraham (Gen. 18:17): “Do I conceal from Abraham...?”


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:14:2
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:14:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:14:2)

**וַיְבִינֵהוּ וַיְלַמְּדֵהוּ בְּאֹרַח מִשְׁפָּט.** אֶת מִי מִן הָעוֹבְדֵי כּוֹכָבִים וּמַזָּלוֹת עָשָׂה כֵּן, שֶׁלִּמְּדוֹ חָכְמָה כְּמוֹ שֶׁעָשָׂה לְאַבְרָהָם, שֶׁנָּתַן לֵב לְהַכִּירוֹ מֵאֵלָיו וּלְהָבִין בַּתּוֹרָה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״וַיִּשְׁמֹר מִשְׁמַרְתִּי״ (בראשית כו:ה), וְאוֹמֵר ״לְמַעַן אֲשֶׁר יְצַוֶּה וגו׳״ (בראשית יח:יט), וְכִלְיוֹתָיו הָיוּ נוֹבְעוֹת חָכְמָה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״אַף לֵילוֹת יִסְּרוּנִי כִלְיוֹתָי״ (תהלים טז:ז). (**אֶת מִי נוֹעָץ וַיְבִינֵהוּ.** הָאִישׁ לְהַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא, **הֵן** כָּל **גּוֹיִם** לְפָנָיו **כְּמַר מִדְּלִי** וְאֵיךְ יְלַמְּדוּ לוֹ):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and give him to understand, and teach him in the way of justice** With which one of the heathens ([mss., K’li Paz:] nations) did He do so, that He taught him wisdom as He did to Abraham, to whom He gave a heart to recognize Him by himself and to understand the Torah, as it is said (ibid. 26:5): “And he kept My charge,” and Scripture states further (ibid. 18:19), “For he commands etc.” And his kidneys would pour forth wisdom to him, as it is said (Ps. 16:7): “Even at night my kidneys chastised me.” (**With whom did He take counsel and who gave Him to understand** [With which man did He take counsel and which] man gave the Holy One, blessed be He, [to understand?] Behold all the nations are like a drop in a bucket, and how could they teach Him?)


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:15:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:15:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:15:1)

**הֵן גּוֹיִם כְּמַר מִדְּלִי.** הָעוֹבְדֵי כּוֹכָבִים וּמַזָּלוֹת הַמְמָאֲנִים לְהַכִּיר אֶת בּוֹרְאָם, וְאֵין חֲשׁוּבִין לוֹ לְהַעֲמִיד מֵהֶם לִנְבִיאִים לְגַלּוֹת סוֹדוֹ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Behold the nations are like a drop from a bucket** And are not worthy to Him to appoint some of them as prophets to reveal His secret.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:15:2
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:15:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:15:2)

**כְּמַר מִדְּלִי.** כְּטִפָּה מָרָה הַמְטַפְטֶפֶת מִשּׁוּלֵי הַדְּלִי, וּמִשְׁקַע טִנֹּפֶת הַמַּיִם וְרוֹקְבִין הָעֵץ, לימוניד״א בלע״ז:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**like a drop from a bucket** Heb. כְּמַר, like a bitter drop that drips from the bottom of the bucket, bitter from the putrid water that is embedded in the bucket and the decay of the wood, limonede in O.F.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:15:3
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:15:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:15:3)

**וּכְשַׁחַק מֹאזְנַיִם.** שֶׁהַנְּחֹשֶׁת מַעֲלָה עִפּוּשׁ וּמִשְׁתַּחֵק:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and like the dust of a balance** for the copper corrodes and wears off.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:15:4
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:15:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:15:4)

**כַּדַּק.** אָבָק דַּק:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**like fine** fine dust.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:15:5
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:15:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:15:5)

**יִטּוֹל.** כְּאָבָק הַנִּשָּׂא וְעוֹלֶה עַל יְדֵי רוּחַ, **כַּדַּק** אֲשֶׁר יִנָּטֵל:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**that blows away** [lit. that will be taken.] Like dust that is picked up and goes up through the wind, like fine dust that is carried away.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:16:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:16:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:16:1)

**אֵין דֵּי בָּעֵר.** עַל מִזְבְּחוֹ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**there is not enough to burn** on His altar.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:16:2
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:16:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:16:2)

**וְחַיָּתוֹ.** שֶׁל לְבָנוֹן, **אֵין דֵּי עוֹלָה**. דָּבָר אַחֵר: **וּלְבָנוֹן אֵין דֵּי בָּעֵר וגו׳.** לְכַפֵּר עַל עֲוֹן הָאֻמּוֹת:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and its beasts** (the beasts] of the Lebanonthere is not enough for burnt offerings. Another explanation is: **And the Lebanon etc.** to expiate the iniquity of the heathens.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:17:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:17:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:17:1)

**כְּאַיִן נֶגְדּוֹ.** כְּאַיִן הֵם בְּעֵינָיו, וְאֵין חֲשׁוּבִין לְפָנָיו:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**All the nations are as naught before Him** In His eyes they are as naught, and are not regarded by Him.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:19:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:19:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:19:1)

**נָסַךְ.** לוֹ ״מַסֵּכָה״ (שמות לב:ד):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**melted** Heb. נָסַךְ, an expression of melting (מַסֵּכָה).


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:19:2
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:19:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:19:2)

**נָסַךְ חָרָשׁ.** חָרָשׁ שֶׁל בַּרְזֶל נוֹסְכוֹ מִבַּרְזֶל אוֹ מִנְּחֹשֶׁת, וְאַחַר כָּךְ הַצּוֹרֵף מְרַקְּעוֹ בְּטַסֵּי זָהָב וּמְצַפֵּהוּ מִלְמַעְלָה:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**the craftsman has melted** The ironsmith has cast it from iron or from copper, and then the goldsmith plates it with plates of gold and covers it from above.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:19:3
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:19:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:19:3)

**וּרְתֻקוֹת.** שַׁלְשְׁלָאוֹת:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and chains** Heb. וּרְתֻקוֹת, and chains.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:20:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:20:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:20:1)

**הַמְסֻכָּן תְּרוּמָה.** אוֹ אִם בָּא לַעֲשׂוֹתוֹ שֶׁל **עֵץ**, הַמְלֻמָּד לְהַבְחִין בֵּין עֵץ הַמִּתְקַיֵּם לִשְׁאָר עֵצִים שֶׁ**לֹּא יִרְקַב** מַהֵר **יִבְחָר**:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**He who is accustomed to select** הַמְסֻכָּן תְּרוּמָה. Or, if he comes to make it of wood, one who is accustomed to discern between a durable tree and other trees, chooses a tree that does not decay quickly.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:20:2
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:20:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:20:2)

**הַמְסֻכָּן.** הַמְּלֻמָּד, כְּמוֹ (במדבר כב:ל) ״הַהַסְכֵּן הִסְכַּנְתִּי״:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**He who is accustomed** Heb. הַמְסֻכָּן. Comp. (Num. 22:30) “Have I been accustomed (הַהַסְכֵּן הִסְכַּנְתִּי)?”


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:20:3
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:20:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:20:3)

**תְּרוּמָה.** הַפְרָשָׁה, בְּרִירַת הָעֵצִים:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**to select** Heb. תְּרוּמָה, separation, selection of the trees.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:21:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:21:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:21:1)

**הֲלֹא תֵדְעוּ. מוֹסְדוֹת הָאָרֶץ** מִי יְסָדָהּ, וְאוֹתוֹ הָיָה לָכֶם לַעֲבוֹד:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Do you not know...the foundations of the earth** Who founded it, and you should have worshipped Him.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:22:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:22:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:22:1)

**חוּג.** לְשׁוֹן ״מְחוּגָה״ (ישעיהו מד:יג), עוּגָל, קומפ״ש בלע״ז:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**the circle** Heb. חוּג, an expression similar to (infra 44:13) “And with a compass (וּבַמְּחוּגָה),” a circle (compas in O.F.).


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:22:2
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:22:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:22:2)

**וְיֹשְׁבֶיהָ.** לְפָנָיו **כַּחֲגָבִים**:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and whose inhabitants** are to Him [lit. before Him] like grasshoppers.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:22:3
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:22:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:22:3)

**כַדֹּק.** כִּירִיעָה, טייל״א בלע״ז:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**like a curtain** Heb. כַדֹּק, a curtain, toile in French.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:24:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:24:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:24:1)

**אַף בַּל נִטָּעוּ.** אַף הֲרֵי הֵם כְּמִי שֶׁלֹּא נִטְעוּ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Even [as though] they were not planted** They are even as though they were not planted.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:24:2
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:24:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:24:2)

**אַף בַּל זֹרָעוּ.** וְעוֹד יָתֵר מִכָּאן, שֶׁיְּשֹׁרְשׁוּ וְיֵעָקְרוּ כְּאִלּוּ לֹא זֹרְעוּ. זְרִיעָה פְּחוּתָה מִנְּטִיעָה:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**even [as though] they were not sown** And still more than this, that they shall be uprooted and plucked out, as if they were not sown. Sowing is less than planting.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:24:3
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:24:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:24:3)

**בַּל שֹׁרֵשׁ בָּאָרֶץ גִּזְעָם.** לִכְשֶׁיֵּעָקְרוּ, לֹא יַשְׁרִישׁ הַגֶּזַע בָּאָרֶץ, שֶׁיְּהֵא מַחֲלִיף. כָּל ׳שֹׁרֶשׁ׳ שֶׁבַּמִּקְרָא טַעְמוֹ בְּאוֹת רִאשׁוֹנָה וּנְקוּדָה הָרֵי״שׁ פַּתַּח, וְזֶה טַעְמוֹ לְמַטָּה וְנָקוּד קָמַץ, לְפִי שֶׁהוּא לְשׁוֹן פּוֹעֵל, אינרצינ״י בלע״ז:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**their trunk is not rooted in the earth** When they will be plucked out, the trunk will not take root in the ground that it will grow up anew. Every שֹׁרֶשׁ, root, in Scripture is accented on the first letter, and the ‘reish’ is vowelized with a ‘pattah’ [segol]. This one, however, is accented on the latter syllable and it is vowelized with a ‘kamatz katan’ [tzeireh] because it is a verb, present tense, [enracinant in French] being rooted.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:26:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:26:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:26:1)

**מִי בָרָא אֵלֶּה.** כָּל הַצָּבָא אֲשֶׁר תִּרְאוּ בַּמָּרוֹם:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**who created these** All the host that you will see on high.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:26:2
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:26:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:26:2)

**מֵרֹב אוֹנִים.** שֶׁיֵּשׁ לוֹ, וְשֶׁהוּא **אַמִּיץ כֹּחַ, אִישׁ** מֵהַצָּבָא **לֹא נֶעְדָּר** שֶׁלֹּא יִקְרָא בְּשֵׁם:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**because of His great might** that He has, and that He is strong in power, no one of His host is missing, that He does not call by name.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:27:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:27:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:27:1)

**לָמָּה תֹאמַר** עַמִּי **יַעֲקֹב וּתְדַבֵּר** בַּגָּלוּת:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Why should you say** My people ([K’li Paz, mss.:] the people of) Jacob, and speak in exile.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:27:2
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:27:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:27:2)

**נִסְתְּרָה דַרְכִּי מֵה׳.** הֶעְלִים מִנֶּגֶד עֵינָיו כָּל מַה שֶּׁעֲבַדְנוּהוּ, וְהִמְשִׁיל עָלֵינוּ אוֹתָם שֶׁלֹּא יְדָעוּהוּ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**My way has been hidden from the Lord** He hid from before His eyes all that we served Him, and gave those who did not know Him, dominion over us.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:27:3
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:27:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:27:3)

**וּמֵאֱלֹהַי מִשְׁפָּטִי יַעֲבוֹר.** הֶעֱבִיר מִלְּפָנָיו מִשְׁפַּט הַגְּמוּל הַטּוֹב, שֶׁהָיָה לוֹ לְשַׁלֵּם לַאֲבוֹתֵינוּ וְלָנוּ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and from my God, my judgment passes?** He ignores the judgment of the good reward He should have paid our forefathers and us.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:28:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:28:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:28:1)

**בּוֹרֵא קְצוֹת הָאָרֶץ וְגוֹ׳ אֵין חֵקֶר לִתְבוּנָתוֹ.** וּמִי שֶׁיֵּשׁ לוֹ כֹּחַ כָּזֶה וְחָכְמָה כָּזוֹ, הוּא יוֹדֵעַ אֶת הַמַּחֲשָׁבוֹת. לָמָּה הוּא מְאַחֵר טוֹבַתְכֶם? אֶלָּא כְּדֵי לְכַלּוֹת אֶת הַפֶּשַׁע וּלְהָתֵם אֶת הַחַטָּאת עַל יְדֵי הַיִּסּוּרִין:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**the Creator of the ends of the earth...there is no fathoming His understanding** And One who has such strength and such wisdom—He knows the thoughts. Why does He delay your benefit, only to terminate the transgression and to expiate the sin through afflictions.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:29:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:29:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:29:1)

**נוֹתֵן לַיָּעֵף כֹּחַ.** וְסוֹפוֹ לְהַחֲלִיף כֹּחַ לַעֲיֵפוּתְכֶם:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Who gives the tired strength** And who will eventually renew strength for your tiredness.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:30:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:30:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:30:1)

**וְיִעֲפוּ נְעָרִים.** גְּבוּרַת הַכַּשְׂדִּים הַמְנֹעָרִים מִן הַמִּצְווֹת תִּיעָף:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Now youths shall become tired** Heb. נְעָרִים. The might of your enemies who are devoid (מְנֹעָרִים) of commandments, shall become faint.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:30:2
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:30:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:30:2)

**וּבַחוּרִים כָּשׁוֹל יִכָּשֵׁלוּ.** אוֹתָם שֶׁהֵם עַכְשָׁיו גִּבּוֹרִים וַחֲזָקִים, יִכָּשְׁלוּ, וְאַתֶּם **קוֹוֵי ה׳** תַּחֲלִיפוּ **כֹּחַ** חָדָשׁ וְחָזָק:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and young men shall stumble** Those who are now mighty and strong, shall stumble, but you, who put your hope in the Lord shall gain new strength and power.


###### Rashi on Isaiah 40:31:1
[Rashi on Isaiah 40:31:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Isaiah/r/40:31:1)

**אֵבֶר.** כָּנָף:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**wings** [The Hebrew אבר means] a wing.