## Rashi on Lamentations Chapter 1

###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:1:1
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:1:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:1:1)

**אֵיכָה יָשְׁבָה בָדָד.** יִרְמְיָה כָתַב סֵפֶר קִינוֹת, הִיא הַמְּגִלָּה אֲשֶׁר שָׂרַף יְהוֹיָקִים עַל הָאֵשׁ אֲשֶׁר עַל הָאָח, וְהָיוּ בָהּ שָׁלשׁ אָלֶ"ף בֵּיתוֹ"ת: "אֵיכָה יָשְׁבָה", "אֵיכָה יָעִיב", "אֵיכָה יוּעַם". שׁוּב הוֹסִיף עָלָיו "אֲנִי הַגֶּבֶר" שֶׁהוּא שָׁלשׁ אָלֶ"ף בֵּיתוֹ"ת, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר, "וְעוֹד נוֹסַף עֲלֵיהֶם דְבָרִים רַבִּים כָּהֵמָּה", שָׁלשׁ כְּנֶגֶד שָׁלשׁ:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**How can it be that she sits in isolation.** Yirmiyahu wrote the book of Lamentations. ¹ This is the scroll that Yehoyakim burned on the hearth.² It contained three³ alphabetical acrostics:⁴ “Oh how can it be that she sits [in isolation],”⁵ “How can it be [that God] has cast a gloom,”⁶ [and] “How dim can it be [that the golden glow] has paled.”⁷ He added to it, “I am the man...”,⁸ which contains three sets of alphabetical acrostics, as it is stated, “and many more words were added similar to those [of the original scroll],”⁹ three corresponding to three.¹⁰

footnotes:
¹ Because Chapter 3 of Eichah begins with Yirmiyahu writing, “I am the man,” one might mistakenly think that is the beginning of Yirmiyahu’s writing, therefore Rashi states that he wrote the entire Book of Lamentations [=Eichah]. (Sifsei Chachomim)
² See Yirmiyahu 36:23.
³ The three acrostics respond to the three tragedies that occurred: the physical exile of the Bnei Yisroel, the departure of the Shchinah and the loss of Eretz Yisroel. (Yalkut Me’am Lo’ez)
⁴ The alphabetical acrostic symbolizes the Bnei Yisroel’s transgression of the Torah which was written with the letters of the Aleph Beis. (Sifsei Chachomim)
⁵ Eichah 1:1.
⁶ Ibid., 2:1.
⁷ Ibid., 4:1.
⁸ Ibid., 3:1.
⁹ Yirmiyahu 36:32.
¹⁰ He also added Chapter 5. See Eichah Rabbah, Pesichta 28.


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:1:2
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:1:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:1:2)

**בָדָד.** גַּלְמוּד מִיּוֹשְׁבֶיהָ:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**In isolation.** Devoid of her inhabitants.


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:1:3
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:1:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:1:3)

**רַבָּתִי עָם.** יוּ"ד יְתֵרָה, כְּמוֹ "רַבַּת עָם", שֶׁהָיְתָה עַמָּהּ רַב. יֵשׁ מִדְרְשֵׁי אַגָּדָה הַרְבֵּה, וַאֲנִי בָאתִי לְפָרֵשׁ לְשׁוֹן הַמִּקְרָא כְּמַשְׁמָעוֹ:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**Teeming with people.** The *yud* of רַבָּתִי is superfluous;¹¹ is not superfluous because the prophet is speaking in [first person singular] God’s Name, saying, “How can it be that the city that ‘I’ made great and that ‘I’ made important, etc.” [it means the same] as, רַבָּתִי עָם, that her people were many.¹² There are many Aggadic midrashim, but I have come to explain the Scripture according to its literal meaning.

footnotes:
¹¹ Palgei Mayim explains that the yud
¹² Alternatively, ‘the city whose people were so wise’ yet they were unable to prevent its destruction. (Eichah Rabbah); or, ‘the city with great people.’ (Ibn Ezra)


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:1:4
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:1:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:1:4)

**הָיְתָה כְּאַלְמָנָה.** וְלֹא אַלְמָנָה מַמָּשׁ, אֶלָּא כְאִשָּׁה שֶׁהָלַךְ בַּעְלָהּ לִמְדִינַת הַיָּם וְדַעְתּוֹ לַחֲזוֹר אֶצְלָהּ:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**Has become like a widow.** But not really a widow; rather, like a woman whose husband went abroad and he intends to return to her.¹³

footnotes:
¹³ See Maseches Sanhedrin 104a.


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:2:1
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:2:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:2:1)

**בָּכוֹ תִבְכֶּה.** שְׁתֵּי בְכִיּוֹת עַל שְׁתֵּי חֻרְבָּנִין:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**She weeps bitterly.** Weeping twice over the two destructions [of the Beis Hamikdosh].¹⁴

footnotes:
¹⁴ Rashi is explaining the reason for the double verb בכו תבכה. Alternatively, Yerusholayim weeps, and God, as it were, also weeps. (Yalkut Me’am Lo’ez)


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:2:2
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:2:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:2:2)

**בַּלַּיְלָה.** שֶׁהַמִּקְדָּשׁ נִשְׂרַף בַּלַּיְלָה, דְּאָמַר מַר "לְעֵת עֶרֶב הִצִּיתוּ בוֹ אֶת הָאוּר". דָּבָר אַחֵר: "בַּלַיְלָה", לַיְלָה שֶׁל בְּכִיַּת מְרַגְּלִים בְּתִשְׁעָה בְאָב גָּרְמָה לָהֶם. דָּבָר אַחֵר: "בַּלַּיְלָה", שֶׁכָּל הַבּוֹכֶה בַלַּיְלָה, הַשּׁוֹמֵעַ קוֹלוֹ בּוֹכֶה עִמּוֹ:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**In the night.** For the Beis Hamikdosh was burned at night, as the master said, “at the time of evening they set it on fire.”¹⁵ Another explanation of “in the night,” [is that] the night of the weeping of the spies on the ninth of Av caused it to happen to them.¹⁶ Another explanation of “in the night,” is that whoever weeps at night, the one who hears his voice weeps along with him.¹⁷

footnotes:
¹⁵ Maseches Ta’anis 29a.
¹⁶ Ibid.
¹⁷ Maseches Sanhedrin 104b.


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:2:3
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:2:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:2:3)

**וְדִמְעָתָהּ עַל לֶחֱיָהּ.** מִתּוֹךְ שֶׁהִיא בוֹכָה תָמִיד:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**Her tear on her cheek.** Because she cries constantly.¹⁸

footnotes:
¹⁸ Alternatively, her pain and suffering were so intense that she did not bother to wipe away her tears. (Yalkut Me’am Lo’ez)


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:2:4
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:2:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:2:4)

**כָּל רֵעֶיהָ.** אוֹהֲבֶיהָ:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**All of her friends.** Her lovers.¹⁹

footnotes:
¹⁹ I.e., the prophets who predicted only her doom. (Palgei Mayim) Alternatively, her former allies who abandoned her in her time of crisis.


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:3:1
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:3:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:3:1)

**גָּלְתָה יְהוּדָה.** מֵאַרְצָהּ:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**Yehudah was exiled.** From her land.


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:3:2
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:3:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:3:2)

**מֵעֹנִי.** מֵחֲמַת עֹנִי:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**Because of torment.** Because of her affliction.


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:3:3
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:3:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:3:3)

**וּמֵרֹב עֲבֹדָה.** שֶׁהִכְבִּידוּ עָלֶיהָ כַשְׂדִּים:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**And excessive toil.** With which the people of Kasdim burdened her.²⁰

footnotes:
²⁰ Alternatively, Yehudah was exiled because of her idol worship [עבודה זרה]. (Rishon Letzion)


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:3:4
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:3:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:3:4)

**הִיא יָשְׁבָה בַגּוֹיִם.** וּבַמָּקוֹם שֶׁגָּלְתָה וְיָשְׁבָה שָׁם, לֹא מָצְאָה מָנוֹחַ:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**[Even] when she dwelt among the nations.** And in the place where she was exiled and settled, she found no respite.²¹

footnotes:
²¹ Because in the land where they were exiled, they were unable to partake of their food or their wine. (Lechem Dimah) Alternatively, although exile and torment serve as atonement for sin, the atonement was not complete and therefore there was no respite.


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:3:5
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:3:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:3:5)

**בֵּין הַמְּצָרִים.** שֶׁיֵּשׁ גֹּבַהּ מִכַּאן וּמִכַּאן וְאֵין מָקוֹם לָנוּס:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**Between the barriers.** It is elevated on either side and there is no place to flee.


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:3:6
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:3:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:3:6)

**הַמְּצָרִים.** גְּבוּלִים שֶׁל שָׂדֶה וָכָרֶם. וּמִדְרַשׁ אַגָּדָה, בֵּין שִׁבְעָה עָשָׂר בְּתַמּוּז לְתִשְׁעָה בְאָב:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**The barriers.** The boundaries of fields and vineyards.²² The Midrash Aggadah [explains that it refers to the boundaries of time], i.e., between the seventeenth of Tammuz and the ninth of Av.

footnotes:
²² From where there is no way to escape. (Palgei Mayim)


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:4:1
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:4:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:4:1)

**בָּאֵי מוֹעֵד.** עוֹלֵי רְגָלִים:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**Festival visitors.** People who went up [to Yerusholayim] for the festivals.²³

footnotes:
²³ Alternatively, מועד refers to the Beis Hamikdosh, i.e., ‘for lack of Beis Hamikdosh visitors.’


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:4:2
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:4:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:4:2)

**נוּגוֹת.** לְשׁוֹן יָגוֹן וְאֵין שֹׁרֶשׁ בַּתֵּבָה אֶלָּא הַגִּימֶ"ל לְבַדָּהּ:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**Grieve.** An expression of grief,²⁴ and there is no radical [=שֹׁרֶשׁ but the ‘gimel’ alone.

footnotes:
²⁴ Because the maidens were no longer able to go out and rejoice on the two most joyous days of the year, on the fifteenth of Menachem Av and on Yom Kippur. See Maseches Ta’anis, Mishnah 4:8.


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:5:1
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:5:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:5:1)

**שָׁלוּ.** יוֹשְׁבִים בְּשַׁלְוָה:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**Are at ease.** Sit peacefully.²⁵

footnotes:
²⁵ Alternatively, ‘her enemies hunted her down.’ (Yein Horekach); or ‘her enemies made peace with each other.’ Although they were fighting among themselves, they made peace and united against the Bnei Yisroel. See Rashi in Bamidbar 22:3 regarding Midyan and Mo’av. (Lechem Dimah)


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:5:2
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:5:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:5:2)

**הוֹגָהּ.** הִדְאִיבָהּ, וְהוּא לְשׁוֹן יָגוֹן:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**Has brought her grief.** Caused her to moan; it is an expression of sighing יָגוֹן.


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:6:1
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:6:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:6:1)

**כְּאַיָּלִים לֹא מָצְאוּ מִרְעֶה.** כְּאַיָּלִים אֲשֶׁר לֹא מָצְאוּ מִרְעֶה, שֶׁאֵין לָהֶם כֹּחַ לִבְרֹחַ, שֶׁהֻחְלַשׁ כֹּחָם בְּרָעָב:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**Like harts who could find no pasture.** Like harts who did not find pasture and have no strength to flee,²⁶ for their strength has been weakened by hunger.

footnotes:
²⁶ Alternatively, her nobles acted like harts who abandon their young when there is no pasture. Similarly, Bnei Yisroel’s leaders did not chastise their brethren, but rather abandoned them. (Palgei Mayim)


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:6:2
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:6:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:6:2)

**לִפְנֵי רוֹדֶף.** כָּל "רֹדֵף" שֶׁבַּמִּקְרָא חָסֵר, וְזֶה מָלֵא, שֶׁנִּרְדְּפוּ רְדִיפָה שְׁלֵמָה עַל כֵּן יָסַד הַפַּיָּט, "מָלֵא רֻדַּפְתִּי וְחָסְרָה שְׁנַת גְּאוּלַי". "שְׁנַת גְּאֻלַי בָּאָה" חָסֵר כְּתִיב:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**Before the pursuer.** Every רֹדֵף in Scripture is defective,²⁷’. but this one רוֹדֵף is full,²⁸. for they were totally pursued. Therefore the liturgic author composed, “I have been totally pursued, but the year of my redemption has not come.”²⁹ [Also,] “and the year of my redemption has come,”³⁰ is spelled defectively גְּאֻלַי.³¹. In our editions it is spelled full [גאולי]. However, the prophecy in Yeshayahuu 59:20 states, “A redeemer [גואל—spelled full] will come to Tzion,” to indicate a “total redemption.” (Eichah Rabbah 1:33)

footnotes:
²⁷ I.e., it is spelled without a ‘vav
²⁸ I.e., it is spelled with a vav
²⁹ Selichos for the second day of Aseres Yemei Teshuvah.
³⁰ Yeshayahu 63:4.
³¹ Without a vav


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:7:1
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:7:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:7:1)

**זָכְרָה יְרוּשָׁלַםִ.** בְּגָלוּתָהּ:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**Yerusholayim remembered.** In her exile.


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:7:2
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:7:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:7:2)

**יְמֵי עָנְיָהּ.** יְמֵי חֻרְבָּנָה שֶׁהֱבִיאָהּ לִידֵי עֹנִי:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**The days of her poverty.** The days of her destruction, which brought her to poverty.


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:7:3
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:7:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:7:3)

**וּמְרוּדֶיהָ.** הִיא לְשׁוֹן צַעַר, כְּמוֹ "וְיָרַדְתִּי עַל הֶהָרִים", "אָרִיד בְּשִׂיחִי וְאָהִימָה":

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**And lamenting.** This וּמְרוּדֶיהָ is an expression of pain³² as in, “and I will wail וְיָרַדְתִּי upon the mountains,”³³ [and as in,] “I lament אָרִיד as I speak and I moan.”³⁴

footnotes:
³² Alternatively, ‘and her rebellion [מרד] against God.’
³³ Shoftim 11:37.
³⁴ Tehilim 55:3.


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:7:4
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:7:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:7:4)

**כֹּל מַחֲמֻדֶיהָ.** וְזָכְרָה כָל טוּב מַחֲמֻדֶיהָ שֶׁמִּימֵי קֶדֶם:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**All her treasures.** And [Yerusholayim] remembered all the good of her precious things³⁵ that were from days of old.³⁶

footnotes:
³⁵ מחמדיה in this verse has a different meaning than in Verse 10 below, where it means ‘Torah scrolls.’ (Sifsei Chachomim)
³⁶ The beginning of the verse speaks of ‘her poverty’, therefore Rashi explains that ‘her treasures’ relates back to the ‘days of old.’ (Sifsei Chachomim)


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:7:5
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:7:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:7:5)

**שָׂחֲקוּ עַל מִשְׁבַּתֶּהָ.** שָׂמְחוּ עַל שְׁבִיתַת מְשׂוֹשָׂהּ, חַגָּהּ, חָדְשָׁהּ וְשַׁבַּתָּהּ וּמִדְרַשׁ אַגָּדָה דוֹרְשׁוֹ בְלָשׁוֹן אַחֵר, שֶׁהָיוּ שׁוֹבְתִין בַּגּוֹלָה בְשַׁבָּתוֹת וְיָמִים טוֹבִים וְשׁוֹמְטִים בִשְׁבִיעִית, וְהָיוּ הָעַכּוּ"ם מְשַׂחֲקִים עֲלֵיהֶם וְאוֹמְרִים "שׁוֹטִים, בְּאַרְצְכֶם לֹא שְׁמַטְתֶּם, וְעַכְשָׁיו בַּגּוֹלָה תִשְׁמְטוּ? בְּאַרְצְכֶם לֹא שְׁמַרְתֶּם, וְעַכְשָׁיו בַּגּוֹלָה תִשְׁמְרוּן?":

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**Laughing derisively when she was curbed.** They rejoiced over the cessation of her celebrating at her festivals, New Moons, and Sabbaths. But the Midrash Aggadah interprets it as a different expression, that they rested in exile on the Sabbath and festivals, and observed the seventh [i.e., Sabbatical] year. The gentiles ridiculed them and said, “Fools! In your land you did not observe [Sabbath and festivals,] and now in exile you keep it? In your land you did not observe [the Sabbatical year,] and now in exile you keep it?”


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:8:1
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:8:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:8:1)

**לְנִידָה.** לְגוֹלָה, לְשׁוֹן "נָע וָנָד", אישמוב"ר בְּלַעַ"ז:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**A wanderer.** One who is in exile; an expression of moving and wandering,³⁷ *esmovement* in O.F.

footnotes:
³⁷ See Bereishis 4:12. Also, see Rashi in verse 17 below.


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:8:2
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:8:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:8:2)

**עֶרְוָתָהּ.** קְלוֹנָהּ:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**Her degradation.** [Literally; her nakedness] Her shame.


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:8:3
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:8:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:8:3)

**נֶאֶנְחָה.** לְשׁוֹן נִפְעֲלָה, שושפיר"ר בְּלַעַ"ז. "שָׁמְעוּ כִּי נֶאֱנָחָה אָנִי" הוּא שֵׁם דָּבָר, שושפוריר"א בְּלַעַ"ז:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**Sorrowful.** [Here נֶאֶנְחָה is] an expression in the passive past tense, *sospira* in O.F. [However, in] “They have heard how I groan,”³⁸ it is a noun, *sospirose* in O.F.

footnotes:
³⁸ Below, verse 21.


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:9:1
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:9:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:9:1)

**טֻמְאָתָהּ בְּשׁוּלֶיהָ.** לְשׁוֹן גְּנַאי הוּא. דַּם נִדּוֹתָהּ נִכָּר בְּשׁוּלֵי בְגָדֶיהָ. כְּלוֹמַר, חַטּאוֹתֶיהָ גְלוּיִין. הַרְבֵּה עֲשָׂאָתַן בְּגָלוּי:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**Her defilement is at her hem.** This is an expression of disgrace. Her menstrual blood is visible in the hems of her garments, i.e., her sins are conspicuous; she committed them flagrantly.³⁹

footnotes:
³⁹ Alternatively, she committed her sins inconspicuously, hidden behind her hem. (Alshich)


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:9:2
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:9:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:9:2)

**לֹא זָכְרָה אַחֲרִיתָהּ.** כְּשֶׁהָיוּ חוֹטְאִין, לֹא נָתְנוּ לֵב מַה תִּהְיֶה אַחֲרִיתָן, לְפִיכָךְ, "וַתֵּרֶד פְּלָאִים". יְרִידָתָהּ נִפְלֵאת פְּלָאִים הַרְבֵּה, שֶׁהַכֹּל מַפְלִיאִים שֶׁאֵירַע לָהּ מַה שֶׁלֹּא אֵירַע לְכָל עִיר:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**She was not mindful of her end.** When they would sin, they were not mindful of what their end would be. Therefore, she fell astonishingly. Her descent was astonishing, bringing about much bewilderment, for all were amazed that this happened to her, something that did not happen to any other city.


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:10:1
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:10:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:10:1)

**יָדוֹ פָּרַשׂ צָר.** עַמּוֹן וּמוֹאָב:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**The oppressor extended his hand.** Ammon and Mo’av.⁴⁰

footnotes:
⁴⁰ Alternatively, Nevuchadnetzar. (Targum)


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:10:2
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:10:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:10:2)

**עַל כָּל מַחֲמַדֶּיהָ.** סִפְרֵי תוֹרוֹת, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר בָּהֶם "הַנֶּחֱמָדִים מִזָּהָב". הַכֹּל נִפְנוּ לָבוֹז כֶּסֶף וְזָהָב, וְהֵם נִפְנִים עַל סִפְרֵי תוֹרוֹת כְּדֵי לְשָׂרְפָם, לְפִי שֶׁכָּתוּב בָּהֶם "לֹא יָבֹא עַמּוֹנִי וְגוֹ'": אֲשֶׁר צִוִּיתָה

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**Over all her treasures.** The Torah scrolls, which are spoken of as, “they are more desirable than gold.”⁴¹ All [the other nations] turned to plunder silver and gold, but they [i.e. Ammon and Mo’av] turned upon the Torah scrolls in order to burn them, because it is written in them, “an Ammonite [or a Mo’avite] shall not enter, etc.”⁴² Concerning whom You commanded,

footnotes:
⁴¹ Tehilim 19:11.
⁴² Devarim 23:4.


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:10:3
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:10:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:10:3)

**לֹא יָבֹאוּ בַקָּהָל לָךְ.** אֵלּוּ עַמּוֹן וּמוֹאָב:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**“Let them not enter your community.**” These are referring to Ammon and Mo’av.


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:12:1
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:12:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:12:1)

**לוֹא אֲלֵיכֶם.** לֹא תְהֵא כַצָּרָה הַזֹּאת עוֹד לְכָל עוֹבְרֵי עַל דָּת. אָמְרוּ חֲכָמִים, מִכַּאן לְקוּבְלָנָא מִן הַתּוֹרָה. רְאוּ מֶה עָשָׂה לִי. "הַבִּיטוּ וּרְאוּ וְגוֹ'":

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**May this not happen to you.** Such a calamity should not happen to all those who transgress the law.⁴³ The Sages said, that from here it is derived that to [publicly] complain about one’s troubles has a basis in Scripture, [for Scripture states here,] “see what He did to me” [and] “Notice, see, etc.”⁴⁴

footnotes:
⁴³ עוברי דרך is translated thus, ‘those who transgress [עוברי] the way [דרך] of the Torah.’
⁴⁴ Maseches Sanhedrin 104b.


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:12:2
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:12:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:12:2)

**אֲשֶׁר עוֹלַל לִי.** אֲשֶׁר נַעֲשָׂה לִי:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**That has been visited upon me.** That was done to me.


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:12:3
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:12:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:12:3)

**אֲשֶׁר הוֹגָה ה'.** אוֹתִי בְּיוֹם חֲרוֹן אַפּוֹ. גַּם זֶה לְשׁוֹן יָגוֹן:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**When Adonoy brought grief.** Upon me on the day He vented His wrath. This הוֹגָה too is an expression of grief.⁴⁵

footnotes:
⁴⁵ Alternatively, הגה is an expression of speech; the phrase meaning, ‘that God had spoken [through His prophets].’


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:13:1
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:13:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:13:1)

**וַיִּרְדֶּנָּה.** וַיִּרֶד אוֹתָהּ, וַיְשַׁבֵּר אוֹתָהּ עַל יְדֵי רִדּוּי וְיִסּוּרִין, לָכֵן הַנּוּ"ן דְּגוּשָׁה, לְפָתְרוֹ בְּלָשׁוֹן יְחִידִית, כְּמוֹ יַעֲשֶׂנָּה, יְכַרְסְמֶנָּה, יִרְעֶנָּה, שֶׁהָעֶצֶם לְשׁוֹן נְקֵבָה, כְּמָה דְאַתְּ אָמַר "הָעֲצָמוֹת הַיְבֵשׁוֹת". שִׁבֵּר כָּל אַחַת וְאֶחָת. דָּבָר אַחֵר: "וַיִּרְדֶּנָּה" כְּמוֹ "וַיִּרְדֵּהוּ אֶל כַּפָּיו". הֵרִיק אֶת הַמּוֹחַ, גּוֹרֵר וְרוֹדֶה הַמּוֹחַ מִתּוֹכוֹ:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**Crushing it.** It [the fire] crushed it and broke it through punishment and suffering. Therefore, the ‘*nun*’ is punctuated with a ‘*dagesh*’, so that it is interpreted in the feminine singular, as in יַעֲשֶׂנָּה [=he will do it], יְכַרְסְמֶנָּה [=he will gnaw at it], יִרְעֶנָּה [=will graze upon it]; for עֶצֶם [=bone] is in the feminine gender, as [Scripture] states, “the dry bones [=הָעֲצָמוֹת הַיְבֵשׁוֹת.”⁴⁶ It broke each one. Another explanation, וַיִּרְדֶּנָּה as in, “and he separated it into his hands.”⁴⁷ He emptied the marrow, [i.e.,] he scraped and separated the marrow from within it.⁴⁸

footnotes:
⁴⁶ Yechezkeil 37:4.
⁴⁷ Shoftim 14:9.
⁴⁸ Alternatively, ‘and sent it [i.e., fire] down.’


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:14:1
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:14:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:14:1)

**נִשְׂקַד עֹל פְּשָׁעַי בְּיָדוֹ.** אֵין לְתֵבָה זוּ דִמְיוֹן בַּמִּקְרָא וּבְלָשׁוֹן אֲרַמִּי שֶׁל פְּסִיקְתָּא קוֹרִין לְדָרְבָן מַסְקָדָא, מַלְמַד הַבָּקָר. וְאוֹמֵר אֲנִי, "נִשְׂקַד" פיינטרינ"ט בְּלַעַ"ז. נְקֻדִּים, מְנֻמָּרִים וּמְסֻמָּנִים הָיוּ פְשָׁעַי בְּיָדוֹ שֶׁל הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא לְזִכָּרוֹן. לֹא נִשְׁכַּח מִנְיָנָם וְתַשְׁלוּמֵיהֶם:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**The yoke of my iniquities is recorded in His hand.** This word נִשְׂקַד has no likeness in Scripture, and in the Aramaic language of the Pesikta, they call a goad מַסְקָדָא, an ox goad. And I say that נִשְׂקַד is *pointured* in O.F., [meaning,] my transgressions were dotted, spotted, and marked in the hand of the Holy One, Blessed Is He, for a remembrance; their number and recompense have not been forgotten.


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:14:2
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:14:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:14:2)

**יִשְׂתָּרְגוּ.** נַעֲשׂוּ קְלִיעוֹת קְלִיעוֹת וְעָלוּ עַל צַוָּארִי, לְשׁוֹן מִשְׁנָה, אֵין מְסָרְגִין אֶת הַמִּטּוֹת:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**They have become interwoven.** They became many braids, and came up to my neck,⁴⁹ [as in] the language of the Mishnah, “We may (not) interlace the ropes of the bedsteads.”⁵⁰

footnotes:
⁴⁹ צואר [neck] is symbolic of the Beis Hamikdosh; see Rashi in Bereishis 45:14.
⁵⁰ Maseches Mo’ed Katan, Mishnah 1:8.


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:15:1
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:15:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:15:1)

**סִלָּה.** רָמַס וְרָפַס, לְשׁוֹן "סֹלּוּ סֹלּוּ הַמְסִלָּה":

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**Trampled.** He trampled and trod, an expression of, “pave, pave סֹלּוּ the road.”⁵¹

footnotes:
⁵¹ Yeshayahuu 62:10.


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:15:2
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:15:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:15:2)

**קָרָא עָלַי מוֹעֵד.** יְעִידַת גְיָסוֹת לָבֹא עָלָי. וְרַבּוֹתֵינוּ דָרְשׁוּ מַה שֶׁדָּרְשׁוּ. תַּמּוּז דְּהַהִיא שַׁתָּא מְלוּיֵי מַלְיוּהָ, שֶׁל שָׁנָה שְׁנִיָּה לְצֵאתָם מִמִּצְרָיִם. לְכַךְ, אֵירַע חֲזָרָתָן שֶׁל מְרַגְּלִים לֵיל תִּשְׁעָה בְאָב, שֶׁעָלֶיהָ הֻקְבְּעָה בְכִיָּתָן לְדוֹרוֹת:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**He has proclaimed a gathering against me.** A gathering of troops to come against me.⁵² And our Rabbis expounded what they expounded. Tammuz of that year was a full month [=30 days], of the second year from their Exodus from Egypt. Therefore, the return of the spies occurred on the night of the ninth of Av, upon which their weeping was established for generations.⁵³

footnotes:
⁵² Alternatively, ‘He has proclaimed to break [מועד] me.’ (Yein Horekach)
⁵³ Maseches Ta’anis 29a. According to this explanation, מועד means ‘a set time.’


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:15:3
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:15:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:15:3)

**גַּת דָּרַךְ.** לְשׁוֹן הֲרֵגָה, כְּמוֹ "פּוּרָה דָרַכְתִּי לְבַדִּי". כְּדוֹרֵךְ עֲנָבִים לְהוֹצִיא יֵינָם, כַּךְ רָמַס הַנָּשִׁים לְהוֹצִיא דָמָם:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**[As with] a wine press, [God] has trodden.** An expression of killing, as in, “I alone have trodden a winepress,”⁵⁴ as one treads upon grapes to extract their wine, so did He trample the women to extract their blood.

footnotes:
⁵⁴ Yeshayahuu 63:3.


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:16:1
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:16:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:16:1)

**עֵינִי עֵינִי.** כְּלוֹמַר, תָּמִיד עֵינִי יוֹרְדָה מַיִם. כֵּפֶל הַלָּשׁוֹן מְלַמֵּד שֶׁאֵין הַפוּגוֹת:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**My eyes.** I.e., my eye constantly sheds tears; the double expression indicates without interruption.⁵⁵

footnotes:
⁵⁵ Alternatively, the double expression indicates the shedding of tears from both eyes. (Targum)


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:17:1
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:17:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:17:1)

**פֵּרְשָׂה צִיּוֹן בְּיָדֶיהָ.** כְּמוֹ "וּפֵרַשׂ יָדָיו בְּקִרְבּוֹ", כְּאָדָם הַמּוֹלִיךְ יָדָיו, מוֹלִיכָם וּמְבִיאָם וּמִצְטַעֵר בָּהֶם. דָּבָר אַחֵר: "פֵּרְשָׂה צִיּוֹן" לְשׁוֹן שְׁבִירָה, כְּמוֹ "פּוֹרֵשׂ אֵין לָהֶם", "וְלֹא יִפְרְסוּ לָהֶם עַל אָבֵל, לְנַחֲמוֹ עַל מֵת": כַּךְ חִבְּרוֹ מְנַחֵם. וּבִלְשׁוֹן מִשְׁנָה, "פְּרוּסָה קַיֶּמֶת". וּמַשְׁמָעוֹ, כָּאָדָם הַמִּצְטַעֵר שֶׁחוֹבֵק אֶת יָדָיו וּמְשַׁבְּרָם. תּוֹסֶפֶת מָצָאתִי: צִוָּה ה' לְיַעֲקֹב

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**Tzion spread her arms.** As in, “and he will stretch out his hand in its midst,”⁵⁶ like a person who moves his hands back and forth [showing] his pain with them.⁵⁷ Another explanation: פֵּרְשָׂה צִיּוֹן is an expression of breaking, as in, “no one breaks פּוֹרֵשׂ bread for them,”⁵⁸ [and as in,] “they will not break [bread] for them in their bereavement to comfort them for the dead.”⁵⁹ So did Menachem classify it. And in the language of the Mishnah, “the broken piece of bread פְּרוּסָה is intact.”⁶⁰ It means [that Tzion was] like a person in pain who clasps his hands and breaks them [from agony]. I found an addendum. Adonoy has commanded concerning Yaakov,

footnotes:
⁵⁶ Yeshayahuu 25:11.
⁵⁷ Alternatively, ‘Tzion spread her arms in prayer, but to no avail.’ (Lechem Dimah)
⁵⁸ Eichah 4:4.
⁵⁹ Yirmiyahu 16:7.
⁶⁰ Maseches Berachos 37a.


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:17:2
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:17:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:17:2)

**סְבִיבָיו צָרָיו.** צִוָּה עַל יַעֲקֹב שֶׁיִּהְיוּ צָרָיו סְבִיבָיו. אַף כְּשֶׁגָּלוּ לְבָבֶל וּלְאַשּׁוּר, הֶגְלָה סַנְחֵרִיב אֶת אוֹיְבֵיהֶם, עַמּוֹן וּמוֹאָב, וְהוֹשִׁיבָם אֶצְלֵיהֶם, וְהֵם מְקַנְתְּרִים אוֹתָם, כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמְרוּ בְּמַסֶּכֶת קִדּוּשִׁין: הוּמַנְיָא אִיכָּא בְּבָבֶל, כֻּלָּהּ דְּעַמּוֹנָאֵי:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**that his oppressors surround him.** He commanded concerning Yaakov that his adversaries would surround him. Even when they were exiled to Bavel and Assyria, Sancheirev exiled their enemies, Ammon and Mo’av, and settled them beside them, and they taunted them,⁶¹ as is stated in Maseches Kiddushin,⁶² that Homanya was in Bavel, entirely [occupied] by Ammonites.

footnotes:
⁶¹ I.e., even in exile they are surrounded by their enemies.
⁶² 72a.


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:17:3
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:17:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:17:3)

**לְנִדָּה.** לְרִחוּק, לָבוּז:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**Despicable.** As an outcast, a disgrace.⁶³ [לנדה], meaning derision. (Sifsei Chachomim)

footnotes:
⁶³ Although Rashi above in verse 8 translated לנידה as a wanderer, here it is spelled without a yud


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:19:1
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:19:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:19:1)

**קָרָאתִי לַמְּאַהֲבַי.** לְאוֹתָם שֶׁמַּרְאִים עַצְמָם כְּאוֹהֲבִים:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**I cried out to those who appeared to love me.** To those who pretend to be [my] lovers.⁶⁴

footnotes:
⁶⁴ I.e., the neighboring countries with the hope of forming an alliance.


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:19:2
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:19:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:19:2)

**הֵמָּה רִמּוּנִי.** כְּגוֹן בְּנֵי יִשְׁמָעֵאל שֶׁהָיוּ יוֹצְאִים לִקְרַאת הַגוֹלִים כְּשֶׁהָיוּ הַשַׁבָּאִים מוֹלִיכִים אוֹתָם דֶּרֶךְ עֲלֵיהֶם וּמַרְאִים אֶת עַצְמָם כְּאִלּוּ מְרַחֲמִים עֲלֵיהֶם, וְהָיוּ מוֹצִיאִים לָהֶם מִינֵי מְלוּחִים וְנוֹדוֹת נְפוּחִים כִּסְבוּרִים שֶׁהוּא יַיִן, וְאוֹכְלִים וּצְמֵאִים וְרוֹצִים לִשְׁתּוֹת, וּכְשֶׁמַּתִּיר הַנּוֹד בְּשִׁנָּיו, הָיְתָה הָרוּחַ נִכְנֶסֶת בְּמֵעָיו וְהוּא מֵת. וְהוּא שֶׁאָמַר הַכָּתוּב "בַּיַּעַר בַּעְרַב תָּלִינוּ וְגוֹ'", "לִקְרַאת צָמֵא הֵתָיוּ מָיִם ישְׁבֵי אֶרֶץ תֵּימָא בְּלַחְמוֹ קִדְּמוּ נוֹדֵד":

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**But they deceived me.** E.g., the children of Yishmael, who came out toward the exiles when the[ir] captors were leading them on the road nearby, and pretended that they were compassionate toward them. They brought for them various kinds of salty foods and inflated skin flasks. They thought that they [contained] wine, so they ate and became thirsty and wished to drink; but when they untied the flasks with their teeth, the air entered their intestines and they died. This is what Scripture says, “in the forest in Arabia shall you lodge, etc. Bring water for the thirsty, the inhabitants of the land of Tema greeted the wanderer with their bread.”⁶⁵

footnotes:
⁶⁵ Yeshayahuu 21:13-14.


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:19:3
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:19:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:19:3)

**וְיָשִׁיבוּ אֶת נַפְשָׁם.** כְּדֵי שֶׁיָּשִׁיבוּ אֶת נַפְשָׁם:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**To sustain their souls.** In order that they should revive their souls.


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:20:1
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:20:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:20:1)

**חֳמַרְמְרוּ.** כֻּוְּצוּ, וְיֵשׁ כָּזֶה בִלְשׁוֹן מִשְׁנָה: נָפְלָה לְאוּר, וְנֶחְמְרוּ בְנֵי מֵעֶיהָ:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**Shriveled.** They became shriveled, and there is [an expression] like this in the language of the Mishnah, “It fell into the fire and its intestines were scorched וְנֶחְמְרוּ.”⁶⁶

footnotes:
⁶⁶ Maseches Chulin 3:3.


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:20:2
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:20:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:20:2)

**בַּבַּיִת כַּמָּוֶת.** בְּתוֹךְ הַבַּיִת הָיְתָה אֵימַת שֵׁדִים וּמַזִּיקִים וּמַלְאֲכֵי מָוֶת, וּמִחוּץ חֶרֶב הָאוֹיֵב מְשַׁכָּלֶת:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**Within, it is like death.** Within the house was fear of demons, destructive beings, and angels of death; and from without, the enemy’s sword was bereaving them.


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:21:1
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:21:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:21:1)

**כִּי אַתָּה עָשִׂיתָ.** אַתָּה גָרַמְתָּ לִי שֶׁהֵם שׂוֹנְאִים אוֹתִי, שֶׁהִבְדַּלְתַּנִי מִמַּאֲכָלָם וּמִמִּשְׁתֵּיהֶם וּמֵהִתְחַתֵּן בָּם. אִם נִתְחַתַּנְתִּי בָהֶם, הָיוּ מְרַחֲמִים עָלַי וְעַל בְּנֵי בְנוֹתֵיהֶם:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**For it is Your doing.** You caused them to hate me when You separated me from [partaking of] their food and drink and from intermarrying with them. If I had intermarried with them, they would have had compassion upon me and upon their daughters’ children.


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:21:2
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:21:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:21:2)

**הֵבֵאתָ יוֹם קָרָאתָ.** הַלְוַאי וְהֵבֵאתָ עֲלֵיהֶם יוֹם הַמּוֹעֵד שֶׁקָּרָאתָ עָלָי:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**Bring the day that You proclaimed.** If only you had brought upon them the appointed day that You proclaimed upon me.


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:21:3
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:21:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:21:3)

**וְיִהְיוּ כָמֹנִי.** בְרָעָה:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**And let them resemble me.** In distress.


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:22:1
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:22:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:22:1)

**תָּבֹא כָל רָעָתָם לְפָנֶיךָ.** יִזָּכְרוּ וְיִפָּקְדוּ עֲוֹנוֹתָם לְפָנֶיךָ:

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**Let all their evil come before You.** May all their iniquities be remembered and counted before You.⁶⁷

footnotes:
⁶⁷ And judge them accordingly.


###### Rashi on Lamentations 1:22:2
[Rashi on Lamentations 1:22:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Lamentations/r/1:22:2)

**וְעוֹלֵל לָמוֹ.** וּפְעוֹל לָמוֹ, כְּמוֹ "גַּם בְּמַעֲלָלָיו יִתְנַכֶּר", "וְכִפְרִי מַעֲלָלָיו":

**The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001:**
**And do to them.** And do to them, as in, “[even a child] can be recognized by his deeds בְּמַעֲלָלָיו”;⁶⁸ and [as in,] “according to the fruits of his deeds מַעֲלָלָיו.”⁶⁹

footnotes:
⁶⁸ Mishlei 20:11.
⁶⁹ Yirmiyahu 32:19.