## Rashi on Numbers Chapter 32

###### Rashi on Numbers 32:3:1
[Rashi on Numbers 32:3:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Numbers/r/32:3:1)

**עטרות ודיבן וגו'.** מֵאֶרֶץ סִיחוֹן וְעוֹג הָיוּ:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
עטרות ודיבון וגו׳ ATOROTH AND DIBON etc. — These belonged to the land of Sihon and Og.


###### Rashi on Numbers 32:6:1
[Rashi on Numbers 32:6:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Numbers/r/32:6:1)

**האחיכם.** לְשׁוֹן תְּמִיהָה הוּא:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
האחיכם SHALL YOUR BRETHREN — This denotes a question. (i.e., the ה prefixed is the interrogative particle).


###### Rashi on Numbers 32:7:1
[Rashi on Numbers 32:7:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Numbers/r/32:7:1)

**ולמה תניאון.** תָּסִירוּ וְתַמְנִיעוּ לִבָּם מֵעֲבֹר, שֶׁיִּהְיוּ סְבוּרִים שֶׁאַתֶּם יְרֵאִים לַעֲבֹר מִפְּנֵי הַמִּלְחָמָה וְחֹזֶק הֶעָרִים וְהָעָם:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
ולמה תניאון means AND WHY WILL YE TURN ASIDE AND WITHHOLD their heart from passing over? — because they will think that you are afraid to pass over on account of the prospect of war and the strength of the cities and the peoples.


###### Rashi on Numbers 32:8:1
[Rashi on Numbers 32:8:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Numbers/r/32:8:1)

**מקדש ברנע.** כָּךְ שְׁמָהּ, וּשְׁתֵּי קָדֵשׁ הָיוּ:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
מקדש ברנע FROM KADESH-BARNEA — this was its name. There were two places called Kadesh (therefore this one is distinguished from the other by being called Kadesh-Barnea).


###### Rashi on Numbers 32:12:1
[Rashi on Numbers 32:12:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Numbers/r/32:12:1)

**הקנזי.** חוֹרְגוֹ שֶׁל קְנַז הָיָה וְיָלְדָה לוֹ אִמּוֹ שֶׁל כָּלֵב אֶת עָתְנִיאֵל (סוטה י"א):

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
הקנזי [CALEB THE SON OF JEPHUNNEH] THE KENEZITE — He (Caleb) was the stepson of Kenaz (and therefore he is termed here the Kenezite), and Caleb's mother bore Othniel to him (to Kenaz) (and for this reason Othniel, the son of Kenaz is described in Joshua 15:17 as Caleb’s brother) (Sotah 11b).


###### Rashi on Numbers 32:13:1
[Rashi on Numbers 32:13:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Numbers/r/32:13:1)

**וינעם.** וַיְטַלְטְלֵם, מִן "נָע וָנָד" (בראשית ד):

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
וינעם means, AND HE MOVED THEM ABOUT; the word is of the same root as נע in (Genesis 4:12) “a wanderer (נע) and a vagabond”.


###### Rashi on Numbers 32:14:1
[Rashi on Numbers 32:14:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Numbers/r/32:14:1)

**לספות.** כְּמוֹ "סְפוּ שָׁנָה עַל שָׁנָה" (ישעיהו כ"ט), "עֹלוֹתֵיכֶם סְפוּ" וְגוֹ' (ירמיהו ז'), לְשׁוֹן תּוֹסֶפֶת:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
לספות is similar in meaning to the verbs in (Isaiah 29:1): “add (ספו) year to year”; ( 7:21): “add (ספו) your burnt-offerings” — an expression denoting adding (The translation is: to add even more to the Lord’s fierce anger against Israel).


###### Rashi on Numbers 32:16:1
[Rashi on Numbers 32:16:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Numbers/r/32:16:1)

**נבנה למקננו פה.** חָסִים הָיוּ עַל מָמוֹנָם יוֹתֵר מִבְּנֵיהֶם וּבְנוֹתֵיהֶם, שֶׁהִקְדִּימוּ מִקְנֵיהֶם לְטַפָּם. אָמַר לָהֶם מֹשֶׁה "לֹא כֵן, עֲשׂוּ הָעִקָּר עִקָּר וְהַטָּפֵל טָפֵל, בְּנוּ לָכֶם תְּחִלָּה עָרִים לְטַפְּכֶם וְאַחַר כֵּן גְּדֵרוֹת לְצֹאנְכֶם" (תנחומא):

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
נבנה למקננו פה WE WILL BUILD [SHEEP FOLDS] FOR OUR CATTLE HERE — They paid more regard to their property than to their sons and daughters, because they mentioned their cattle before their children. Moses said to them, “Not so! Make the chief thing the chief thing and what is subordinate subordinate. First build cities for your little ones and afterwards enclosures for your flocks” (cf. v. 24) (Midrash Tanchuma, Matot 7).


###### Rashi on Numbers 32:17:1
[Rashi on Numbers 32:17:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Numbers/r/32:17:1)

**ואנחנו נחלץ חשים.** נִזְדַּיֵּן מְהִירִים, כְּמוֹ "מַהֵר שָׁלָל חָשׁ בַּז" (ישעיהו ח'), "יְמַהֵר יָחִישָׁה" (שם ה'):

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
ואנחנו נחלץ חשים means, AND WE SHALL ARM OURSELVES SPEEDILY, the last word being the same as in (Isaiah 8:3): “the spoil hasteth, the prey speedeth (חש)” and in (Isaiah 5:19), “Let Him make haste, let Him speed."


###### Rashi on Numbers 32:17:2
[Rashi on Numbers 32:17:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Numbers/r/32:17:2)

**לפני בני ישראל.** בְּרָאשֵׁי גְּיָסוֹת, מִתּוֹךְ שֶׁגִּבּוֹרִים הָיוּ, שֶׁכֵּן נֶאֱמַר בְּגָד (דברים ל"ג) "וְטָרַף זְרוֹעַ אַף קָדְקֹד"; וְאַף מֹשֶׁה חָזַר וּפֵרֵשׁ לָהֶם בְּאֵלֶּה הַדְּבָרִים (דברים ג') "וָאֲצַו אֶתְכֶם בָּעֵת הַהִוא וְגוֹ' חֲלוּצִים תַּעַבְרוּ לִפְנֵי אֲחֵיכֶם בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל כָּל בְּנֵי חָיִל", וּבִירִיחוֹ כְּתִיב (יהושע ו') "וְהֶחָלוּץ עוֹבֵר (הֹלֵךְ) לִפְנֵיהֶם" — זֶה רְאוּבֵן וְגָד שֶׁקִּיְּמוּ תְנָאָם:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
לפני בני ישראל BEFORE THE CHILDREN OF ISRAEL - i.e. at the head of the troops, because they were mighty men; for thus is it said of Gad, (Deuteronomy 30:20): “He teareth the arm, with the crown of the head”. Moses distinctly stated this to them in Sedrah אלה הדברים (Deuteronomy 3:18): “And I commanded you at that time … Ye shall pass over armed before the children of Israel, all ye men of valour”. And regarding the siege of Jericho it is written, (Joshua 6:13): “And the armed men (החלוץ) went before them”— this refers to the tribes of Reuben and Gad who thus fulfilled the conditions they had laid down.


###### Rashi on Numbers 32:17:3
[Rashi on Numbers 32:17:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Numbers/r/32:17:3)

**וישב טפנו.** בְּעוֹדֵנוּ אֵצֶל אַחֵינוּ:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
וישב טפנו AND OUR LITTLE ONES SHALL STAY, so long as we are with our brethren waging war,


###### Rashi on Numbers 32:17:4
[Rashi on Numbers 32:17:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Numbers/r/32:17:4)

**בערי המבצר.** שֶׁנִּבְנֶה עַכְשָׁו:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
בערי המבצר IN THE FORTIFIED CITIES which we will now build (cf. v. 16 with v. 36).


###### Rashi on Numbers 32:19:1
[Rashi on Numbers 32:19:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Numbers/r/32:19:1)

**מעבר לירדן והלאה.** בָּעֵבֶר הַמַּעֲרָבִי:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
מעבר לירדן וגו׳ ON THE SIDE OF THE JORDAN AND YONDER — i.e., on the western side.


###### Rashi on Numbers 32:19:2
[Rashi on Numbers 32:19:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Numbers/r/32:19:2)

**כי באה נחלתנו.** כְּבָר קִבַּלְנוּהָ בָּעֵבֶר הַמִּזְרָחִי:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
כי באה נחלתנו FOR OUR INHERITANCE HAS COME [TO US] — This means: by that time we shall have already received it on the eastern side.


###### Rashi on Numbers 32:24:1
[Rashi on Numbers 32:24:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Numbers/r/32:24:1)

**לצנאכם.** תֵּבָה זוֹ מִגִּזְרַת "צֹנֶה וַאֲלָפִים כֻּלָּם" (תהלים ח') שֶׁאֵין בּוֹ אָלֶ"ף מַפְסִיק בֵּין נוּ"ן לַצָּדִ"י, וְאָלֶ"ף שֶׁבָּא כָאן אַחַר הַנּוּ"ן בִּמְקוֹם הֵ"א שֶׁל צֹנֶה הוּא; מִיסוֹדוֹ שֶׁל רַ' מֹשֶׁה הַדַּרְשָׁן לָמַדְתִּי כֵן:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
לצנאכם FOR YOUR SHEEP — This word is from the noun form which is found in (Psalms 8:8): “Sheep (צנה) and oxen, all of them”, where, too, there is no א intervening between the נ and the צ. The א which here comes after the נ is in place of the ה of צנה (and לצנאכם is not the same form as לצאנכם with an inversion of the א and נ). I learned this from the work of R. Moses the Preacher.


###### Rashi on Numbers 32:24:2
[Rashi on Numbers 32:24:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Numbers/r/32:24:2)

**והיצא מפיכם תעשו.** לְגָבוֹהַּ, שֶׁקִּבַּלְתֶּם עֲלֵיכֶם לַעֲבֹר לַמִּלְחָמָה עַד כִּבּוּשׁ וְחִלּוּק, שֶׁמֹּשֶׁה לֹא בִּקֵּשׁ מֵהֶם אֶלָּא "וְנִכְבְּשָׁה … וְאַחַר תָּשׁוּבוּ" וְהֵם קִבְּלוּ עֲלֵיהֶם "עַד הִתְנַחֵל", הֲרֵי הוֹסִיפוּ לְהִתְעַכֵּב שֶׁבַע שֶׁחָלְקוּ, וְכֵן עָשׂוּ:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
והיצא מפיכם תעשו AND DO THAT WHICH HATH GONE OUT FROM YOUR MOUTH, as a vow to the Most High God (cf. Numbers 30:3), because you have taken it upon yourselves to pass over for war until the end of the subjugation and division of the land; — for Moses asked of them only, (v. 22): “Let [the land] be subdued and afterwards ye may return”, but they undertook, (v. 18): “[we will not return to our houses] until [the children of Israel] have inherited”, so you see that they made an additional promise, to stay on the western side the seven years during which they were dividing the land. And so, indeed, they did (cf. Joshua XXII.).


###### Rashi on Numbers 32:25:1
[Rashi on Numbers 32:25:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Numbers/r/32:25:1)

**ויאמר בני גד.** כֻּלָּם כְּאִישׁ אֶחָד:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
ויאמר בני גד AND THE CHILDREN OF GAD SAID, all of them as one man (ויאמר is the singular form of the verb, whilst the subject בגי גד is the plural; cf. Rashi on Exodus 19:2 s. v.).


###### Rashi on Numbers 32:28:1
[Rashi on Numbers 32:28:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Numbers/r/32:28:1)

**ויצו להם.** כְּמוֹ עֲלֵיהֶם, וְעַל תְּנָאָם מִנָּה אֶלְעָזָר וִיהוֹשֻׁעַ, כְּמוֹ "ה' יִלָּחֵם לָכֶם" (שמות י"ד):

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
. ויצו להם AND HE GAVE CHARGE — This is the same as, and he gave charge concerning them. The words imply: and to watch over the fulfilment of the agreement they had made he appointed Eleazar and Joshua. The use of the ל in להם here is the same as in (Exodus 14:14): “The Lord will fight לכם for you."


###### Rashi on Numbers 32:32:1
[Rashi on Numbers 32:32:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Numbers/r/32:32:1)

**ואתנו אחזת נחלתנו.** כְּלוֹמַר בְּיָדֵינוּ וּבִרְשׁוּתֵנוּ תְהִי אֲחֻזַּת נַחֲלָתֵנוּ מֵעֵבֶר הַזֶּה:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
ואתנו אחזת נחלתנו AND LET POSSESSION OF OUR INHERITANCE BE WITH US [ON THIS SIDE OF THE JORDAN] — it is as much as to say: (ואתנו) in our hands and in our ownership let the possession of our inheritance be on this side.


###### Rashi on Numbers 32:36:1
[Rashi on Numbers 32:36:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Numbers/r/32:36:1)

**ערי מבצר וגדרת צאן.** זֶה סוֹף פָּסוּק מוּסָב עַל תְּחִלַּת הָעִנְיָן — וַיִּבְנוּ בְנֵי גָד אֶת הֶעָרִים הַלָּלוּ לִהְיוֹת עָרֵי מִבְצָר וְגִדְרֹת צֹאן:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
ערי מבצר וגדרת צאן FORTIFIED CITIES AND ENCLOSURES FOR SHEEP — This end of the verse is to be connected back with the beginning of the paragraph (v. 24): And the children of Gad built these cities to be fortified cities and enclosures for sheep.


###### Rashi on Numbers 32:38:1
[Rashi on Numbers 32:38:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Numbers/r/32:38:1)

**ואת נבו ואת בעל מעון מוסבת שם.** נְבוֹ וּבַעַל מְעוֹן שְׁמוֹת עֲ"זָ הֵם, וְהָיוּ הָאֱמוֹרִיִּים קוֹרִים עָרֵיהֶם עַל שֵׁם עֲ"זָ שֶׁלָּהֶם, וּבְנֵי רְאוּבֵן הֵסֵבּוּ אֶת שְׁמָם לְשֵׁמוֹת אֲחֵרִים, וְזֶהוּ **מוסבת שם** — נְבוֹ וּבַעַל מְעוֹן מוּסַבּוֹת לְשֵׁם אַחֵר:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
ואת נבו ואת בעל מעון מוסבת שם AND NEBO AND AND BAAL-MEON, THEIR NAMES BEING CHANGED — Nebo and Baal-Meon were names of idols, and the Ammonites used to call their cities by the names of their gods. The children of Reuben therefore changed their names into other names. This is the meaning of מוסבת שם: Nebo and Baal-Meon were changed to other names.


###### Rashi on Numbers 32:38:2
[Rashi on Numbers 32:38:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Numbers/r/32:38:2)

**ואת שבמה.** בָּנוּ שִׂבְמָה, וְהִיא שְׂבָם הָאֲמוּרָה לְמַעְלָה:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
ואת שבמה AND SIBMAH — i.e., they built (cf. v. 37) Sibmah also. This is identical with Sebam that is mentioned above (v. 3).


###### Rashi on Numbers 32:39:1
[Rashi on Numbers 32:39:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Numbers/r/32:39:1)

**ויורש.** כְּתַרְגּוּמוֹ "וְתָרִיךְ", שֶׁתֵּבַת ריש מְשַׁמֶּשֶׁת שְׁתֵּי מַחֲלָקוֹת, לְשׁוֹן יְרֻשָּׁה וּלְשׁוֹן הוֹרָשָׁה שֶׁהוּא טֵרוּד וְתֵרוּךְ:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
ויורש — Understand this as the Targum does “AND HE DROVE OUT”, for the expression ריש is used in two different meanings, in the sense of ירושה (the Kal), “inheriting”, and in the sense of הורשה (the Hiphil) which denotes driving away and expelling (see Rashi on Numbers 14:24).


###### Rashi on Numbers 32:41:1
[Rashi on Numbers 32:41:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Numbers/r/32:41:1)

**חותיהם.** כַּפְרָנֵיהוֹן:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
חותיהם This is rendered in the Targum by THEIR VILLAGES.


###### Rashi on Numbers 32:41:2
[Rashi on Numbers 32:41:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Numbers/r/32:41:2)

**ויקרא אתהן חות יאיר.** לְפִי שֶׁלֹּא הָיוּ לוֹ בָנִים קְרָאַתָם בִּשְׁמוֹ לְזִכָּרוֹן:

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
ויקרא אתהן חות יאיר AND HE CALLED THEM “THE VILLAGES OF JAIR” — Because he had no children, he named them after himself, as a memorial.


###### Rashi on Numbers 32:42:1
[Rashi on Numbers 32:42:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Numbers/r/32:42:1)

**ויקרא לה נבח.** "לָה" אֵינוֹ מַפִּיק הֵ"א, וְרָאִיתִי בִיסוֹדוֹ שֶׁל רַ' מֹשֶׁה הַדַּרְשָׁן לְפִי שֶׁלֹּא נִתְקַיֵּם לָהּ שֵׁם זֶה לְפִיכָךְ הוּא רָפֶה, שֶׁמַּשְׁמָעוּת מִדְרָשׁוֹ כְּמוֹ לֹא; וּתְמֵהַנִי מַה יִּדְרֹשׁ בִּשְׁתֵּי תֵבוֹת הַדּוֹמוֹת לָהּ "וַיֹּאמֶר לָה בֹעַז" (רות ב'), "לִבְנוֹת לָה בַיִת" (זכריה ה'):

**Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934:**
ויקרא לה נבח AND HE CALLED IT NOBAH — The word לה has no Mappik in the ה (as the word לָהּ "to it", usually has). Now I have seen the following in the work of R. Moses the Preacher: Because this name did not remain permanently to it, therefore the letter ה is weak (without a Mappik), — the implication of his explanation being that it (the word לה) is the same as לא “not”. But I wonder what explanation he will give of the two words similar to it, (Ruth 2:14): “And Boaz said לָה", and (Zechariah 5:11): “to build a house לָה”.