## Rashi on Proverbs Chapter 31

###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:1:1
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:1:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:1:1)

**דִּבְרֵי לְמוּאֵל מֶלֶךְ.** דִּבְרֵי שְׁלֹמֹה הַמֶּלֶךְ שֶׁאָמַר לְמוֹ הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא, כְּלוֹמַר: בִּשְׁבִיל שֶׁהֶעֱוָה כְּנֶגֶד הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא. **לְמוּאֵל** לָאֵל, כְּמוֹ ״לְמוֹ פִי״ (איוב מ:ד). דְּבָרִים לִשְׁמוֹ שֶׁל הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא שֶׁאָמַר הַמֶּלֶךְ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**The words of Lemuel the king** The words of King Solomon, that he said for the Holy One, blessed be He, because he sinned against the Holy One, blessed be He. **Lemuel** for God, like (Job 40:4): “to (למו) my mouth.” The words that the king said for the sake of the Holy One, blessed be He.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:1:2
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:1:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:1:2)

**מַשָּׂא אֲשֶׁר יִסְּרַתּוּ אִמּוֹ.** כְּשֶׁהִתְחַתֵּן עִם בַּת פַּרְעֹה בְּיוֹם חֲנֻכַּת בֵּית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ, וְהִכְנִיסָה לוֹ כַּמָּה מִינֵי כְּלֵי זֶמֶר, וְנֵעוֹר כָּל הַלַּיְלָה, וְיָשַׁן לְמָחֳרָת עַד אַרְבַּע שָׁעוֹת; כִּדְאִיתָא בִּפְסִיקְתָּא (ויקרא רבה יב, ה), וְהָיוּ מַפְתְּחוֹת בֵּית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ תַּחַת מְרַאֲשׁוֹתָיו. וְעַל אוֹתָהּ שָׁעָה שָׁנִינוּ (עדיות ו, א): עַל תָּמִיד שֶׁל שַׁחַר שֶׁקָּרַב בְּאַרְבַּע שָׁעוֹת, וְנִכְנְסָה אִמּוֹ וְהוֹכִיחַתּוּ עַל הַמַּעֲשֶׂה הַזֶּה:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**a prophecy that his mother chastised him** When he married the daughter of Pharaoh on the day of the dedication of the Temple, she brought in for him many kinds of musical instruments, and he was awake all night and slept on the next day until four hours [after dawn], as is related in Pesikta (unknown, but found in Mid. Mishle and in Num. Rabbah 10:8), and the keys of the Temple were under his head. Regarding that time, we learned (Eduyoth 6:1): “Concerning the daily morning burnt- offering, that it was offered up at [the conclusion of] four hours. Then his mother entered and chastised him with all this prophecy.”


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:1:3
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:1:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:1:3)

**מַשָּׂא אֲשֶׁר יִסְּרַתּוּ אִמּוֹ.** מַשָּׂא שֶׁל מָשָׁל שֶׁיִּסְּרַתּוּ אִמּוֹ (סנהדרין ע:):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**a prophecy that his mother chastised him** An allegorical prophecy with which his mother chastised him.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:2:1
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:2:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:2:1)

**מַה בְּרִי.** מֶה זֹּאת עָשִׂיתָ, וְהִגַּדְתָּ שֶׁאַתָּה בְּנִי וְלֹא בֶן אָבִיךָ? הַכֹּל יוֹדְעִין שֶׁאָבִיךָ צַדִּיק גָּמוּר הָיָה, וְאִם אַתָּה רָשָׁע, יֹאמְרוּ: אִמּוֹ גָּרְמָה לוֹ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**What, my son** What is this that you have done and told that you are my son, and [you did] not [tell] that you are the son of your father. Everybody knows that your father was completely righteous, and if you are wicked, they will say, “His mother made him that way.”


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:2:2
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:2:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:2:2)

**בַּר בִּטְנִי.** כָּל נְשֵׁי אָבִיךָ, כֵּיוָן שֶׁמִּתְעַבְּרוֹת אֵינָן שָׁבוֹת לְתַשְׁמִישׁ; וַאֲנִי דָּחַקְתִּי וְנִכְנַסְתִּי כְּדֵי שֶׁיְּהֵא לִי בֵּן מְלֻבָּן וּמְזֹרָז, שֶׁהַתַּשְׁמִישׁ יָפֶה כָּל שִׁשָּׁה חֳדָשִׁים אַחֲרוֹנִים:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**the son of my womb** All your father’s wives, as soon as they conceived, would not return for marital relations, but I pushed and entered in order to have a son well-formed and of strong vitality, because marital relations are beneficial during the last six months.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:2:3
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:2:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:2:3)

**וּמֶה בַּר נְדָרָי.** כָּל נְשֵׁי אָבִיךָ הָיוּ נוֹדְרוֹת שֶׁיְּהֵא לָהֶן בֵּן הָגוּן לַמַּלְכוּת, וַאֲנִי נָדַרְתִּי שֶׁיְּהֵא לִי בֵּן מְלֻבָּן בַּתּוֹרָה:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and what, the son of my vows?** All your father’s wives would vow that they would have a son fit for the throne, but I vowed that I would have a son bright in Torah.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:3:1
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:3:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:3:1)

**אַל תִּתֵּן.** אַל תַּתִּישׁ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Do not give** Do not weaken.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:3:2
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:3:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:3:2)

**לַנָּשִׁים חֵילֶךָ.** כֹּחֲךָ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**your strength to women** Heb. חילך, your strength.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:4:1
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:4:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:4:1)

**אַל לַמְּלָכִים לְמוֹאֵל.** אֵין זֶה דָּבָר הָגוּן לַמְּלָכִים, שֶׁהֵם לְהַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא. **לְמוֹאֵל** כְּמוֹ ״לְמוֹ פִי״ (איוב מ:ד):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**It is not for kings, Lemoel** This matter is not fit for kings who are for the Holy One, blessed be He. Lemoel is like (Job 40:4): “to (למו) my mouth.”


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:4:2
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:4:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:4:2)

**אַל לַמְּלָכִים שְׁתוֹ יָיִן.** אֵין נָאֶה לָהֶם לְהִשְׁתַּכֵּר:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**it is not for kings to drink wine** It is not proper for them to become intoxicated.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:4:3
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:4:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:4:3)

**אֵי שֵׁכָר.** כְּמוֹ אֵין שֵׁכָר:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**neither is strong drink** Heb. אי שכר, like אין שכר, there is no strong drink.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:5:1
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:5:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:5:1)

**מְחֻקָּק.** הַכָּתוּב בַּתּוֹרָה, וְכָל שֶׁכֵּן מַה שֶּׁהוּא בְּגִרְסָא:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**what was made law** What is written in the Torah—and surely the tradition that is committed to memory.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:6:1
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:6:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:6:1)

**לְאוֹבֵד.** לְמִי שֶׁסּוֹפוֹ לְאִבּוּד, לָרְשָׁעִים (עירובין סה.):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**to the one who is perishing** To him who will ultimately perish—to the wicked.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:6:2
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:6:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:6:2)

**לְמָרֵי נָפֶשׁ.** הַמִּצְטַעֲרִין עַל עָנְיָם וְעַל אֶבְלָם (במדבר רבה י:ד):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**to those of bitter soul** Who suffer pain because of their poverty and their mourning. To give them pleasure in this world, so that they receive the reward for the precepts they kept, in this world, [leaving them with nothing in the hereafter.]


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:8:1
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:8:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:8:1)

**כָּל בְּנֵי חֲלוֹף.** אֵלּוּ הֵן הַיְתוֹמִים, שֶׁחָלְפָה עֶזְרָתָם וְהָלְכָה לָהּ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**all whose help has passed** Heb. בני חלוף. These are the orphans, whose help has passed and gone away.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:11:1
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:11:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:11:1)

**וְשָׁלָל לֹא יֶחְסָר.** כְּלוֹמַר: לֹא יֶחְסַר טוֹב:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and he will lack no gain** lit. no plunder, i.e., he will lack no good.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:15:1
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:15:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:15:1)

**טֶרֶף.** מָזוֹן:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**food** Heb. טרף.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:15:2
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:15:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:15:2)

**וְחֹק.** הוּא מָזוֹן הַקָּצוּב לָהֶם:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and an allotted share** Heb. וחוק. This too is the food that is allotted to them.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:19:1
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:19:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:19:1)

**בַּכִּישׁוֹר.** שֶׁקּוֹרִין וִוירְטוֹי״ל בְּלַעַ״ז, הַמַּכְשִׁיר אֶת הַפֶּלֶךְ לִטְווֹת. **פָלֶךְ** פּוּשִׁי״ל בְּלַעַ״ז:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**onto the distaff** Heb. כישור that is called vertel, verteil, vertay in Provencal, which prepares (מכשיר) the spindle to spin. **the spindle** Heb. פלך, fusele in French.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:21:1
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:21:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:21:1)

**לֹא תִירָא לְבֵיתָהּ.** לִבְנֵי בֵיתָהּ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**She fears not for her house hold** For those who live in her house.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:21:2
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:21:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:21:2)

**מִשָּׁלֶג.** מִצִּנָּה:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**for snow** For the cold.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:21:3
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:21:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:21:3)

**לְבוּשׁ שָׁנִים.** בִּגְדֵי צִבְעוֹנִין:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**are dressed in crimson** Colored clothing.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:22:1
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:22:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:22:1)

**מַרְבַּדִּים.** מַצָּעוֹת נָאוֹת לַמִּטָּה, כְּמוֹ ״מַרְבַּדִּים רִבַּדְתִּי״ (משלי ז:טז):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**beautiful bedspreads** Heb. מרבדים, beautiful spreads for the bed, as in (above 7:16) “I have bedecked my couch with covers (מרבדים רבדתי).”


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:23:1
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:23:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:23:1)

**נוֹדָע בַּשְּׁעָרִים בַּעְלָהּ.** נִכָּר הוּא בֵּין חֲבֵירָיו מִפְּנֵי מַלְבּוּשָׁיו שֶׁהֵם נָאִים:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Her husband is known in the gates** He is recognizable among his peers because of his garments, which are beautiful.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:24:1
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:24:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:24:1)

**לַכְּנַעֲנִי.** תַּגָּר:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**to the trafficker** Heb. כנעני, a merchant.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:25:1
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:25:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:25:1)

**לְיוֹם אַחֲרוֹן.** בְּיוֹם מוֹתָהּ נִפְטֶרֶת בְּשֵׁם טוֹב:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**at the last day** On the day of her death, she departs with a good name.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:25:2
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:25:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:25:2)

**וַתִּשְׂחַק.** כָּל יָמֶיהָ עַל יוֹם מִיתָתָהּ, שֶׁיְּהֵא נִכְבָּד בְּשֵׁם טוֹב:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and she laughs** all her life about the day of her death, that it should be honored with a good name.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:27:1
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:27:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:27:1)

**צוֹפִיָּה.** הִיא בְּבֵיתָהּ נוֹתֶנֶת לֵב עַל צָרְכֵי בְּנֵי בֵיתָהּ, אֵיךְ יִנְהֲגוּ בֶּאֱמֶת וּצְנִיעוּת:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**She supervises** In her house, she pays attention to all the needs of her household, how they should act with truth and with modesty.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:29:1
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:29:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:29:1)

**רַבּוֹת בָּנוֹת.** כָּךְ מְאַשְּׁרִין אוֹתָהּ בַּעְלָהּ וּבָנֶיהָ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**“Many women, etc.”** In this way, her husband and children call her fortunate.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:30:1
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:30:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:30:1)

**שֶׁקֶר הַחֵן.** אֵשֶׁת הַחֵן וְיוֹפִי אֵין מְהַלְּלִין אוֹתָהּ, אֶלָּא הַכֹּל הֶבֶל וְשֶׁקֶר; אֲבָל **אִשָּׁה יִרְאַת ה׳ הִיא** לְבַד **תִתְהַלָּל**:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Charm is false** No one praises a woman of charm or beauty; everything is futility and false, but a God-fearing woman alone is praised.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:1
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:31:1)

**מַעֲשֶׂיהָ.** כִּשְׁרוֹן מַעֲשֶׂיהָ מֵעִיד עָלֶיהָ, לְהַלְּלָהּ בְּשַׁעַר הָעִיר כָּל יוֹצֵא וָבָא. זוֹ הַמְּלִיצָה שֶׁפֵּרַשְׁתִּי. אֲבָל לְפִי הַמָּשָׁל עַל הַתּוֹרָה וְלוֹמְדֶיהָ הַפָּרָשָׁה מִתְבָּאֶרֶת:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**her deeds** The skill of her deeds testifies for her so that all passersby praise her in the gate of the city. This is the figure, as I explained it, but according to the allegory, the chapter is explained as referring to the Torah and those who study it.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:2
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:31:2)

(י) **אֵשֶׁת חַיִל.** הִיא הַתּוֹרָה:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**[10] a woman of valor** This is the Torah.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:3
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:31:3)

**מִי יִמְצָא.** אַשְׁרֵי הַזּוֹכֶה לִמְצֹא אוֹתָהּ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**who can find** Fortunate is he who merits to find it.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:4
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:31:4)

**מִפְּנִינִים.** מַרְגָּלִיּוֹת:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**than pearls** Heb. מפנינים, [also referred to as] מרגליות.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:5
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:31:5)

(יא) **וְשָׁלָל לֹא יֶחְסָר.** אוֹכֵל פֵּרוֹת בָּעוֹלָם הַזֶּה וּבָעוֹלָם הַבָּא:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**[11] and he lacks no gain** He eats the fruit in this world and in the next


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:6
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:31:6)

(יג) **דָּרְשָׁה צֶמֶר וּפִשְׁתִּים.** לְפִי שֶׁהִמְשִׁילָהּ לְאִשָּׁה, דִּבֵּר לְפִי הַמְּלִיצָה כְּצָרְכֵי מְלֶאכֶת הַנָּשִׁים, וְהַמָּשָׁל כָּךְ הוּא: דּוֹרֶשֶׁת הַתּוֹרָה מִקְרָא, מִשְׁנָה, מִדְרָשׁ, וּמְחַזֶּרֶת אַחֲרֵיהֶם, שֶׁהֵם צָרְכֵי הַתַּלְמִידִים:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**[13] She seeks wool and flax** Since it [the Torah] is compared to a woman, Scripture speaks according to the figure concerning the requirements for the work of women, and the allegory is as follows: The Torah seeks Scripture, Mishnah and Midrash, and searches for them, as they are the requirements of the students.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:7
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:31:7)

(יד) **הָיְתָה כָּאֳנִיּוֹת סוֹחֵר.** מְבִיאָה הִיא לְלוֹמְדֶיהָ בְּרָכָה וּמָזוֹן:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**[14] She is like the merchant ships** The Torah brings those who study it blessing and sustenance.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:8
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:31:8)

(טו) **וַתָּקָם בְּעוֹד לַיְלָה.** מַשְׁכִּימִים בָּאַשְׁמוֹרֶת (מסכת ברכות ג:):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**[15] She rises when it is still night** They rise early in the [morning] watch.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:9
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:31:9)

**וְתִתֵּן טֶרֶף לְבֵיתָהּ.** שׁוֹנֶה הָרַב לַתַּלְמִידִים הַחֹק הַקָּצוּב לָהֶם:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**she gives food to her household** The teacher teaches the pupils the lesson allotted to them.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:10
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:31:10)

(טז) **זָמְמָה שָׂדֶה.** זָמְמָה בְּזֶמֶם וּבְרֶסֶן אֶת ״עֵשָׂו אִישׁ שָׂדֶה״ (בראשית כה:כז):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**[16] She contemplates a field** Heb. זממה. The Torah muzzles Esau, the “man of the field,” with a muzzle and a bridle.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:11
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:31:11)

**וַתִּקָּחֵהוּ.** מִן הָעוֹלָם, לְהַאֲבִידוֹ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and purchases it** lit. and takes him from the world to destroy him;


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:12
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:31:12)

**מִפְּרִי מַעֲשֶׂיהָ נָטְעָה כֶרֶם.** יִשְׂרָאֵל, לְקַיְּמָם לְחַיֵּי הָעוֹלָם הַבָּא:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**from the fruit of her deeds she plants a vineyard** Israel, to keep them alive for the fire of the world to come.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:13
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:13](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:31:13)

(יח) **טָעֲמָה.** דְּבוּרָהּ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**[18] She advised** Its speech.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:14
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:14](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:31:14)

**לֹא יִכְבֶּה בַלַּיְלָה נֵרָהּ.** בְּלֵיל כְּתִיב, חָסֵר ה׳: בְּלֵיל שִׁמּוּרִים שֶׁנִּגְּפוּ הַמִּצְרִיִּים (שמות יב:מב) הֵאִירָה לְיִשְׂרָאֵל וְהֵגִינָה עֲלֵיהֶם:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**her lamp does not go out at night** It is written בליל, with the “hey” missing; on the night of watching (ליל שמורים), when the Egyptians were plagued, it shone for Israel and protected them.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:15
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:15](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:31:15)

(יט) **בַּכִּישׁוֹר.** בְּכִשְׁרוֹן מַעֲשֶׂיהָ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**[19] onto the distaff** Heb. בכישור, through the skill of its deeds.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:16
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:16](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:31:16)

**תָּמְכוּ פָלֶךְ.** ״מַשְׁעֵן וּמַשְׁעֵנָה״ (ישעיה ג:א), כְּמוֹ ״מַחֲזִיק בַּפֶּלֶךְ״ (שמואל ב ג:כט):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**support the spindle** Heb. פלך, a support, as in (II Sam. 3:29): “one who leans on a staff (מחזיק בפלך).”


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:17
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:17](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:31:17)

(כ) **כַּפָּהּ פָּרְשָׂה.** לְמִי שֶׁמֵּשִׂים עַצְמוֹ עָלֶיהָ כְּעָנִי, בּוֹ הִיא מִתְקַיֶּמֶת (אבות ו:ד):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**[20]She spreads out her hand** Whoever makes himself like a poor man on its account—in him it [the Torah] endures.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:18
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:18](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:31:18)

(כא) **לֹא תִירָא לְבֵיתָהּ מִשָּׁלֶג.** שֶׁדָּנִין בּוֹ הָרְשָׁעִים מֵאֵשׁ לְשֶׁלֶג (גֵּיהִנֹּם):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**[21] She fears not for her household for snow** with which they judge the wicked from fire to snow.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:19
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:19](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:31:19)

**לָבֻשׁ שָׁנִים.** בְּרִית דַּם מִילָה. דָּבָר אַחֵר: מְלֻבָּשִׁים בְּכֶפֶל ״נָתֹן תִּתֵּן״ (דברים טו:י), ״פָּתֹחַ תִּפְתַּח״ (דברים טו:ח), ״הַעֲנֵיק תַּעֲנִיק״ (דברים טו:יד). כָּל אֵלּוּ מַצִּילִין אוֹתָן מִשֶּׁלֶג גֵּיהִנֹּם. כָּךְ הוּא נִדְרָשׁ בַּתַּנְחוּמָה (יל״ש משלי תתקסד):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**dressed in crimson** The covenant of the blood of circumcision. Another explanation: They are dressed with the commandments expressed in double language. (Deut. 15:10): “You shall surely give (נתון תתן),” (ibid. verse 8): “you shall surely open (פתוח תפתח),” (ibid. verse 14): “you shall surely furnish him liberally (הענק תעניק).” All these save them from the snow of Gehinnom. So it is expounded in Tanhuma.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:20
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:20](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:31:20)

(כד) **סָדִין עָשְׂתָה.** לְבוּשׁ תִּפְאֶרֶת נוֹתֶנֶת לַחֲכָמִים:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**[24] She makes a cloak** It grants a glorious [raiment] to the Sages.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:21
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:21](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:31:21)

**וַחֲגוֹר נָתְנָה לַכְּנַעֲנִי.** (ס״א:) (לְמִי) לְפִי שֶׁהוּא חָגוּר בִּסְחוֹרָתָהּ, נוֹתְנָה אֵזוֹר לְמָתְנֵיהֶם:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and she gives a belt to the trafficker** To the one who is girded with its merchandise, she gives a belt for their loins.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:22
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:22](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:31:22)

(כה) **לְיוֹם אַחֲרוֹן.** אֵין לָהֶם לְהִתְעַצֵּב מִמִּדַּת הַדִּין כִּי יִנָּצְלוּ מִמֶּנּוּ, וְכָל יְמֵי חַיֵּיהֶם יִשְׂחֲקוּ לְיוֹם הַדִּין. מִי שֶׁאֵינוֹ צָרִיךְ לִדְאֹג נוֹפֵל בַּדָּבָר לְשׁוֹן צְחוֹק, כְּמוֹ ״וְיִשְׂחַק לְרַעַשׁ כִּידוֹן״ (איוב מא:כא):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**[25] to the last day** They need not grieve over the day of judgment because they will be saved from it, and all the days of their life they will rejoice at the day of judgment. An expression of צחוק, laughter, applies to anyone who need not be concerned, as in (Job 41:21): “and he rejoices at the din of a spear.”


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:23
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:23](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:31:23)

(כז) **צוֹפִיָּה הֲלִיכוֹת בֵּיתָהּ.** הַתּוֹרָה מְלַמֶּדֶתָם דֶּרֶךְ הַטּוֹב, לִפְרוֹשׁ מֵעֲבֵירָה:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**[27] She supervises the ways of her household** The Torah teaches them the good way, to separate from sin.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:24
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:24](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:31:24)

(כח) **קָמוּ בָנֶיהָ.** הַתַּלְמִידִים:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**[28] Her children** The pupils.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:25
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:25](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:31:25)

**בַּעְלָהּ.** הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**her husband** The Holy One, blessed be He.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:26
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:26](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:31:26)

(ל) **שֶׁקֶר הַחֵן.** שָׁב עַל כָּל הָעוֹבְדֵי גִּלּוּלִים:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**[30] Charm is false** [The charm] of the kings of the nations.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:27
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:27](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:31:27)

**וְהֶבֶל.** גְּדוּלָּתָן וְיָפְיָן:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and...is futile** Their greatness and their beauty.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:28
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:28](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:31:28)

**תְּנוּ לָהּ.** לֶעָתִיד לָבֹא:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**[31] Give her** in the future.


###### Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:29
[Rashi on Proverbs 31:31:29](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Proverbs/r/31:31:29)

**מִפְּרִי יָדֶיהָ.** תִּפְאֶרֶת וּגְדוּלָּה, עֹז, פְּאֵר וּמֶמְשָׁלָה:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**of the fruit of her hands** Glory and greatness, strength, beauty and ruling power.