## Rashi on Psalms Chapter 23

###### Rashi on Psalms 23:1:1
[Rashi on Psalms 23:1:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Psalms/r/23:1:1)

**מִזְמוֹר לְדָוִד.** אָמְרוּ רַבּוֹתֵינוּ : כָּל מָקוֹם שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר ״מִזְמוֹר לְדָוִד״, מְנַגֵּן וְאַחַר כָּךְ שׁוֹרָה עָלָיו שְׁכִינָה. מִזְמוֹר, לְהָבִיא רוּחַ הַקֹּדֶשׁ לְדָוִד. וְכָל שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר בּוֹ ״לְדָוִד מִזְמוֹר״, שָׁרְתָה עָלָיו שְׁכִינָה וְאַחַר כָּךְ אָמַר שִׁירָה:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**A song of David** The Rabbis said: Wherever it says: “A song of David,” he would play [his musical instrument] and afterwards the Shechinah would rest on him. It is a song to bring the holy spirit upon David. And, wherever it says: “Of David, a song,” the Shechinah rested on him [first] and then he recited a song.


###### Rashi on Psalms 23:1:2
[Rashi on Psalms 23:1:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Psalms/r/23:1:2)

**ה׳ רוֹעִי.** בַּמִּדְבָּר הַזֶּה שֶׁאֲנִי הוֹלֵךְ בּוֹ בָּטוּחַ אֲנִי, שֶׁ**לֹּא אֶחְסַר** כְּלוּם:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**The Lord is my shepherd** In this desert where I am going, [therefore] I am confident that I will lack nothing.


###### Rashi on Psalms 23:2:1
[Rashi on Psalms 23:2:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Psalms/r/23:2:1)

**בִּנְאוֹת דֶּשֶׁא.** בִּנְוֵה דְּשָׁאִין, לְפִי שֶׁהִתְחִיל לְדַמּוֹת מְזוֹנוֹתָיו לְמִרְעֵה בְּהֵמָה שֶׁאָמַר **ה׳ רוֹעִי**, נוֹפֵל עַל הַלָּשׁוֹן שֶׁל ה׳ רוֹעִי **נְאוֹת דֶּשֶׁא.** וּמִזְמוֹר זֶה אָמַר דָּוִד בְּיַעַר חֲרֵת (שמואל א כב:ה). לָמָּה נִקְרָא שְׁמוֹ יַעַר חֲרֵת? שֶׁהָיָה מְנֻגָּב כַּחֶרֶס וְהִרְטִיבוֹ הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא מִטּוּב שֶׁל הָעוֹלָם הַבָּא (מדרש תהלים כג:ו):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**in green pasture** In grassy pastures. Since he commences to compare his sustenance to the pasture of an animal by saying, “The Lord is my shepherd,” “green pastures” is appropriate for the expression, “the Lord is my shepherd.” David recited this psalm in the forest of Hereth (I Sam. 22:5). Why was it called Hereth? Because it was as dry as a potsherd (חרס) and the Holy One, blessed be He, moistened it with the good of the world to come (Mid. Ps. 23:6).


###### Rashi on Psalms 23:3:1
[Rashi on Psalms 23:3:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Psalms/r/23:3:1)

**נַפְשִׁי יְשׁוֹבֵב.** רוּחִי, שֶׁהוּפַג בַּצָּרוֹת וּבַמְּנוּסָה, יְשׁוֹבֵב לְקַדְמוּתוֹ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**He restores my soul** My spirit, which has been weakened by troubles and haste, He will restore to its previous status.


###### Rashi on Psalms 23:3:2
[Rashi on Psalms 23:3:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Psalms/r/23:3:2)

**בְּמַעְגְּלֵי צֶדֶק.** בְּדַרְכֵי מִישׁוֹר, שֶׁלֹּא אֶפּוֹל בְּיַד אוֹיְבִי:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**in paths of righteousness** In straight paths, so that I should not fall into the hands of my enemies.


###### Rashi on Psalms 23:4:1
[Rashi on Psalms 23:4:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Psalms/r/23:4:1)

**בְּגֵיא צַלְמָוֶת.** בְּאֶרֶץ חֹשֶׁךְ, וְעַל מִדְבַּר זִיף אָמַר (שמואל א כג:יג,כח). כָּל צַלְמָוֶת לְשׁוֹן חֹשֶׁךְ פֵּרְשׁוֹ דוּנַשׁ בֶּן לַבְרַט:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**in the valley of darkness** Heb. צלמות, in a land of darkness. He alludes to the desert of Ziph (I Sam. 23:13 28). Every [mention of] צלמות is an expression of darkness. Dunash ben Labrat defined it [in this manner].


###### Rashi on Psalms 23:4:2
[Rashi on Psalms 23:4:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Psalms/r/23:4:2)

**שִׁבְטְךָ וּמִשְׁעַנְתֶּךָ.** יִסּוּרִים שֶׁבָּאוּ עָלַי וּמִשְׁעָן שֶׁאֲנִי בָּטוּחַ עַל חַסְדְּךָ, שְׁנֵיהֶם **יְנַחֲמוּנִי** – שֶׁיִּהְיוּ לִי לִסְלֹחַ עָוֹן; וּבָטוּחַ אֲנִי, שֶׁ**תַּעֲרֹךְ לְפָנַי שֻׁלְחָן** – הִיא הַמַּלְכוּת:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**Your rod and Your staff** The pains that came upon me, and the support, that I rely upon Your loving kindnessboth of them will comfort me, for they will serve to expiate my iniquity, and I am confident that You will set a table before me. That is the throne.


###### Rashi on Psalms 23:5:1
[Rashi on Psalms 23:5:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Psalms/r/23:5:1)

**דִּשַּׁנְתָּ בַשֶּׁמֶן רֹאשִׁי.** כְּבָר נִמְשַׁחְתִּי עַל פִּיךָ לְמֶלֶךְ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**You anointed my head with oil** I have already been anointed king by Your orders.


###### Rashi on Psalms 23:5:2
[Rashi on Psalms 23:5:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Psalms/r/23:5:2)

**כּוֹסִי רְוָיָה.** לְשׁוֹן שֹׂבַע:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**my cup overflows** Heb. רויה, an expression of fullness.