## Rashi on Zechariah Chapter 12

###### Rashi on Zechariah 12:1:1
[Rashi on Zechariah 12:1:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Zechariah/r/12:1:1)

**מַשָּׂא דְבַר ה׳.** הוּא גְּמַר זֶה הַדָּבָר שֶׁהִתְחִיל לְדַבֵּר בְּפֻרְעָנוּתָן שֶׁל אוֹכְלֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל עַל בָּבֶל וְכַיּוֹצֵא בּוֹ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**The prophecy of the word of the Lord** This is the completion of the word that he began to speak about the retribution of those who devour Israel - Esau and his ilk.


###### Rashi on Zechariah 12:2:1
[Rashi on Zechariah 12:2:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Zechariah/r/12:2:1)

**סַף רַעַל.** כְּלִי תַּרְעֵלָה, כְּמוֹ ״בַּדָּם אֲשֶׁר בַּסַּף״ (שמות יב:כב). **רַעַל** לְשׁוֹן שִׁמָּמוֹן, אֹטֶם הַלֵּב וְהָאֵבָרִים שֶׁאֵין לָהֶם כֹּחַ, כְּאָדָם הַמְעֻטָּף בְּשִׂמְלָה, כְּמוֹ (נחום ב:ד) ״הַבְּרוֹשִׁים הָרְעָלוּ״, (ישעיה ג:יט) ״הַשֵּׁרוֹת וְהָרְעָלוֹת״. בִּלְשׁוֹן מִשְׁנָה (שבת ו,ו) מָצִינוּ מְדִיּוֹת רְעוּלוֹת, אונבלופמנט״א בְּלַעַ״ז:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**a cup of weakness** a vessel of weakness, as in (Exod. 12:22), “in the blood that is in the cup.” **weakness** an expression of bewilderment, [it means] the clogging of the heart and the limbs, for, like man enwrapped in a garment, they have no strength, as in (Nahum 2:4), “And the cypress trees were enwrapped” ; and (Isa. 3:19) “And the bracelets and the veils.” In the language of the Mishnah (Shabbath 6:6) we find, “Arabian women may go out veiled.” It is involopiment in O.F.


###### Rashi on Zechariah 12:2:2
[Rashi on Zechariah 12:2:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Zechariah/r/12:2:2)

**וְגַם עַל יְהוּדָה.** יַטִּילוּ הָעוֹבְדֵי כּוֹכָבִים וּמַזָּלוֹת אֲשֶׁר יִהְיוּ בַּמָּצוֹר **עַל יְרוּשָׁלִַם**, שֶׁיִּהְיוּ בֵית דָּוִד מִבִּפְנִים וְעוֹבְדֵי כּוֹכָבִים וּמַזָּלוֹת יָצוּרוּ עֲלֵיהֶם, וְיָבֹאוּ גַם בְּנֵי יְהוּדָה עַל כָּרְחָם לָצוּר **עַל יְרוּשָׁלִַם.** כֵּן תַּרְגּוּם יוֹנָתָן:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and also on Judah** the nations that will be in siege against Jerusalem will impose upon Judah, for the house of David will be inside and the gentiles will besiege them. And also, the children of Judah will come, against their will, to besiege Jerusalem. So did Jonathan render it.


###### Rashi on Zechariah 12:3:1
[Rashi on Zechariah 12:3:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Zechariah/r/12:3:1)

**אֶבֶן מַעֲמָסָה.** אֶבֶן מַשָּׂאוֹי הַמֻּטֶּלֶת עַל בְּנֵי אָדָם מִפִּי הַמּוֹשֵׁל לָשֵׂאתָהּ וּלְעָמְסָהּ עַל כְּתֵפַיִם, וְהִיא כְּבֵדָה מְאֹד עַד אֲשֶׁר **כָּל עֹמְסֶיהָ שָׂרוֹט יִשָּׂרֵטוּ**:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**a stone of burden** A stone of burden placed upon men by order of the ruler, to carry it and to load it on their shoulders. It is very heavy, to the extent that all who bear it become gashed.


###### Rashi on Zechariah 12:4:1
[Rashi on Zechariah 12:4:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Zechariah/r/12:4:1)

**אַכֶּה כָל סוּס.** הַצּוֹבְאִים שָׁם **בַּשִּׁגָּעוֹן** וְאֶת רֹכְבֵיהֶם **בָּעִוָּרוֹן**, אֲבָל **עַל בֵּית יְהוּדָה** שֶׁהֵם עַל כָּרְחָם מִן הַצּוֹבְאִים **אֶפְקַח עֵינַי** לְהָגֵן עֲלֵיהֶם מִן הַמַּכָּה הַזֹּאת:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**I will smite every horse** of those gathered there with bewilderment and blindness, and their riders with madness (Shem Ephraim). But upon the [members of the] house of Judah, who are among those gathered against their will, I will open My eyes to protect them from this plague.


###### Rashi on Zechariah 12:5:1
[Rashi on Zechariah 12:5:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Zechariah/r/12:5:1)

**וְאָמְרוּ אַלֻּפֵי יְהוּדָה בְּלִבָּם.** כְּשֶׁיִּרְאוּ שְׁאָר הַצּוֹבְאִים נִגָּפִים בְּמַגֵּפָה זוֹ וְהֵם נִצּוֹלִים:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**And the princes of Judah shall say to themselves** when they see that the others who were gathered are plagued with this plague, and they are saved.


###### Rashi on Zechariah 12:5:2
[Rashi on Zechariah 12:5:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Zechariah/r/12:5:2)

**אַמְצָה לִי יוֹשֵׁב יְרוּשָׁלִַם וְגוֹ׳.** יוֹשְׁבֵי יְרוּשָׁלַיִם שֶׁיּוֹדְעִים שֶׁעַל כָּרְחֵנוּ אָנוּ בָּאִים עֲלֵיהֶם, אִמְּצוּ לְעֶזְרָתִי בִּתְפִלָּתָן בַּה׳ אֱלֹהֵיהֶם:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**The inhabitants of Jerusalem were my strength, etc.** The inhabitants of Jerusalem, who know that we came upon them against our will, strengthened my help with their prayer by the Lord, their God.


###### Rashi on Zechariah 12:6:1
[Rashi on Zechariah 12:6:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Zechariah/r/12:6:1)

**אָשִׂים אֶת אַלֻּפֵי יְהוּדָה.** יָשׁוּבוּ וְיִלָּחֲמוּ עִם אוֹתָם שֶׁהֱבִיאוּם שָׁם:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**I will make the princes of Judah** They will return and wage war with those who brought them there.


###### Rashi on Zechariah 12:6:2
[Rashi on Zechariah 12:6:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Zechariah/r/12:6:2)

**כְּכִיּוֹר אֵשׁ.** כִּמְדוּרוֹת אֵשׁ גְּדוֹלָה. וְכִיּוֹר לְשׁוֹן כִּירָה (ויקרא יא:לה), וְכָךְ חִבְּרוֹ מְנַחֵם:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**as a fiery stove** Like a great bonfire. The word כִּיוֹר is an expression of כִּירָה, a stove. So did Menahem (Machbereth, p. 109) classify it.


###### Rashi on Zechariah 12:6:3
[Rashi on Zechariah 12:6:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Zechariah/r/12:6:3)

**תַּחְתֶּיהָ.** בִּמְקוֹמָהּ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**in its place** lit. under it.


###### Rashi on Zechariah 12:7:1
[Rashi on Zechariah 12:7:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Zechariah/r/12:7:1)

**וְהוֹשִׁיעַ ה׳ אֶת אָהֳלֵי יְהוּדָה בָּרִאשׁוֹנָה.** בְּטֶרֶם יָבוֹאוּ בְּנֵי יְרוּשָׁלַיִם לָצֵאת מִן הָעִיר, תִּהְיֶה לָהֶם תְּשׁוּעָה לָשׁוּב אֶל אָהֳלֵיהֶם וְאֶל בֵּיתָם. וְאַחַר כָּךְ תָּבֹא תְּשׁוּעָה לִבְנֵי הָעִיר, הִיא הַתְּשׁוּעָה שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר בָּהּ ״וְיָצָא ה׳ וְנִלְחַם״ (זכריה יד:ג):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**And the Lord shall first save the tents of Judah** Before the inhabitants of Jerusalem come out of the city, they shall have a salvation - to return to their tents and to their homes - and afterwards the salvation shall come to the inhabitants of the city. That is the salvation concerning which it is stated (14:3): “And the Lord shall go forth and wage war.”


###### Rashi on Zechariah 12:7:2
[Rashi on Zechariah 12:7:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Zechariah/r/12:7:2)

**לְמַעַן לֹא תִגְדַּל.** לְהִתְפָּאֵר עֲלֵיהֶם וְלוֹמַר: לֹא נִצַּלְתֶּם אֶלָּא בִּשְׁבִילֵנוּ:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**so that the boasting of, etc., shall not increase** to boast over them and to say, “You were saved only because of us.”


###### Rashi on Zechariah 12:8:1
[Rashi on Zechariah 12:8:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Zechariah/r/12:8:1)

**הַנִּכְשָׁל בָּהֶם.** הַחַלָּשׁ שֶׁבָּהֶם:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and the weakest among them** Heb. הַנִּכְשָׁל


###### Rashi on Zechariah 12:8:2
[Rashi on Zechariah 12:8:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Zechariah/r/12:8:2)

**כֵּאלֹהִים.** ״כְּרַבְרְבִין״ (תרגום יונתן), כְּמַלְאָכִים:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**like angels** Jonathan renders: like great ones, like angels.


###### Rashi on Zechariah 12:8:3
[Rashi on Zechariah 12:8:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Zechariah/r/12:8:3)

**כְּמַלְאַךְ ה׳ לִפְנֵיהֶם.** ״יִצְלְחוּן כְּמַלְאֲכָא דַה׳ קֳדָמֵיהוֹן״ (תרגום יונתן):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**like the angel of the Lord before them** They will prosper like the angel of the Lord before them.


###### Rashi on Zechariah 12:9:1
[Rashi on Zechariah 12:9:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Zechariah/r/12:9:1)

**אֲבַקֵּשׁ לְהַשְׁמִיד.** אֲבַקֵּשׁ בְּהַשְׁמָדָתָם וַאֲדַקְדֵּק בַּעֲוֹנָם. וְרַבּוֹתֵינוּ פֵּרְשׁוּ לִזְכוּת (עבודה זרה ד.): אֲבַקֵּשׁ בְּנוֹגְנֵי שֶׁלָּהֶם; אִם יֵשׁ לָהֶם זְכוּת – אֲנִיחֵם, וְאִם לָאו – אַשְׁמִידֵם:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**I will seek to destroy** I will seek their destruction, and I will be exact in judging their iniquity. And our Sages (Avodah Zarah 4a) explained this verse as concerning merit. I will search in the books of their deeds; if they have merit, I will spare them; otherwise, I will destroy them.


###### Rashi on Zechariah 12:10:1
[Rashi on Zechariah 12:10:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Zechariah/r/12:10:1)

**רוּחַ חֵן וְתַחֲנוּנִים.** שֶׁיַּעֲלֶה עַל רוּחָם לְהִתְחַנֵּן לְפָנַי, וְהֵם יִהְיוּ לְחֵן בְּעֵינַי:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**a spirit of grace and supplications** That it should come into their mind to supplicate Me, and they will be in My good graces.


###### Rashi on Zechariah 12:10:2
[Rashi on Zechariah 12:10:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Zechariah/r/12:10:2)

**רוּחַ.** טָלַנְ״ט בְּלַעַ״ז:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**a spirit** Talant in Old French, a desire.


###### Rashi on Zechariah 12:10:3
[Rashi on Zechariah 12:10:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Zechariah/r/12:10:3)

**וְהִבִּיטוּ אֵלַי אֵת אֲשֶׁר דָּקָרוּ.** תִּרְגֵּם יוֹנָתָן: ״וְיִבְעוֹן מִן קֳדָמַי עַל דִּי אִיטַלְטְלוּ״:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**they shall look to Me because of those who have been thrust through** Jonathan renders: And they shall supplicate Me because of their wanderings.


###### Rashi on Zechariah 12:10:4
[Rashi on Zechariah 12:10:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Zechariah/r/12:10:4)

**וְהִבִּיטוּ.** לְהִתְאוֹנֵן עַל אֲשֶׁר דָּקְרוּ בָּהֶם הָאֻמּוֹת וְהָרְגוּ בָּהֶם בַּגָּלוּת:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**And they shall look to Me.** to complain about those of them whom the nations thrust through and slew during their exile.


###### Rashi on Zechariah 12:10:5
[Rashi on Zechariah 12:10:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Zechariah/r/12:10:5)

**וְסָפְדוּ עָלָיו.** עַל אוֹתוֹ הֶרֶג:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and they shall mourn over it** Over that slaughter.


###### Rashi on Zechariah 12:10:6
[Rashi on Zechariah 12:10:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Zechariah/r/12:10:6)

**כְּמִסְפֵּד עַל הַיָּחִיד.** כַּאֲשֶׁר יִסְפֹּד אִישׁ עַל בֵּן יְחִידוֹ. וְרַבּוֹתֵינוּ דְּרָשׁוּהוּ עַל מָשִׁיחַ בֶּן יוֹסֵף שֶׁנֶּהֱרַג בִּמְסֶכֶת סֻכָּה (סוכה נב.):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**as one mourns over an only son** As a man mourns over his only son. And our Sages expounded this in tractate Sukkah (52a) as referring to the Messiah, son of Joseph, who was slain.


###### Rashi on Zechariah 12:11:1
[Rashi on Zechariah 12:11:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Zechariah/r/12:11:1)

**כְּמִסְפַּד הֲדַדְרִמּוֹן בְּבִקְעַת מְגִדּוֹן.** אֵין עִנְיַן הֲדַדְרִימּוֹן בְּבִקְעַת מְגִדּוֹן, אֶלָּא שְׁנֵי מִסְפָּדוֹת הֵן: ״כְּמִסְפְּדָא דְאַחְאָב בַּר עָמְרִי דְּקָטַל יָתֵיהּ הֲדַדְרִמּוֹן בַּר טַבְרִימוֹן ״בְּרָמוֹת גִּלְעָד, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (מלכים א כב:לו) ״וַיַּעֲבֹר הָרִנָּה בַּמַּחֲנֶה״, וְהוּא הֶסְפֵּד. ״וּכְמִסְפְּדָא דְיֹאשִׁיָּהוּ בַּר אָמוֹן דְּקָטַל יָתֵיהּ פַּרְעֹה חֲגִירָא בְּבִקְעַת מְגִדּוֹן״, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר שָׁם (דברי הימים ב לה:כה) ״וַיְקוֹנֵן יִרְמְיָהוּ וְגוֹ׳ וַיֹּאמְרוּ כָל הַשָּׂרִים וְהַשָּׁרוֹת בְּקִינוֹתֵיהֶם וְגוֹ׳״:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**like the mourning of Hadadrimmon in the Valley of Megiddon** Hadadrimmon has no connection to the Valley of Megiddon. These are, rather, two cases of mourning. [The first is] like the mourning of Ahab the son of Omri, who was slain by Hadadrimmon the son of Tabrimmon in Ramoth Gilead, as it is stated (I Kings 22:36): “A cry passed through the camp.” That is the mourning [of Ahab. The second case is] like the mourning of Josiah the son of Amon, who was slain by Pharoah the lame in the Valley of Megiddon, as it is stated (II Chron. 35:25): “And Jeremiah lamented for Josiah, and all the singing men and singing women spoke in their laments, etc.”


###### Rashi on Zechariah 12:12:1
[Rashi on Zechariah 12:12:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Zechariah/r/12:12:1)

**בֵּית נָתָן.** הַנָּבִיא. וְיֵשׁ אוֹמְרִים: נָתָן בֶּן דָּוִד, כְּמוֹ שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״שַׁמּוּעַ וְשׁוֹבָב וְנָתָן וּשְׁלֹמֹה״ (שמואל ב ה:יד):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**the house of Nathan** the prophet. Some say that it refers to Nathan the son of David, as it is said (II Sam. 5:14): “Shammua and Shobab, and Nathan and Solomon.”


###### Rashi on Zechariah 12:13:1
[Rashi on Zechariah 12:13:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Zechariah/r/12:13:1)

**בֵּית לֵוִי.** הַכֹּהֲנִים וְהַלְוִיִּם:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**the house of Levi** The priests and the Levites.


###### Rashi on Zechariah 12:13:2
[Rashi on Zechariah 12:13:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Zechariah/r/12:13:2)

**מִשְׁפַּחַת הַשִּׁמְעִי.** שַׁמּוּעַ בֶּן דָּוִד (שמואל ב ה:יד), בִּתְחִלָּה כָּלַל הַכָּתוּב מִשְׁפְּחוֹת בֵּית דָּוִד וְאַחַר כָּךְ פֵּרַט כָּל אַחַת וְאַחַת:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**the family of the Shimeites** Shammua the son of David. Scripture first makes a generality about the house of David, and then it specifies each one.


###### Rashi on Zechariah 12:14:1
[Rashi on Zechariah 12:14:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Zechariah/r/12:14:1)

**כָּל הַמִּשְׁפָּחוֹת הַנִּשְׁאָרוֹת.** לְבֵית דָּוִד:

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**All the remaining families** of the house of David.


###### Rashi on Zechariah 12:14:2
[Rashi on Zechariah 12:14:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rashi%20on%20Zechariah/r/12:14:2)

**וּנְשֵׁיהֶם לְבָד.** מִשּׁוּם צְנִיעוּת (סוכה נא:-נב.). וְלָמָּה מִשְׁפְּחוֹת הַכְּהוּנָּה וְהַמַּמְלָכוּת? כְּדֵי לְהַחֲזִיר לָהֶם כִּתְרֵיהֶם, כְּמוֹ שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר בְּרֹאשׁ הַסֵּפֶר ״אֵלֶּה שְׁנֵי בְנֵי הַיִּצְהָר הָעֹמְדִים עַל אֲדוֹן כָּל הָאָרֶץ״ (זכריה ד:יד):

**The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg:**
**and their wives apart** because of decency. Now why were the families of the priesthood and the kingdom [mentioned]? In order to restore their crowns to them, as it is stated in the beginning of the Book (4:14): “These are the two anointed ones who stand before the Lord of all the earth.”