## Rosh Hashanah Daf 12b

###### Rosh Hashanah 12b:1
[Rosh Hashanah 12b:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rosh%20Hashanah/r/12b:1)

מִשֶּׁתָּבֹא הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ — אֵין תּוֹרְמִין וּמְעַשְּׂרִין מִזֶּה עַל זֶה, לְפִי שֶׁאֵין תּוֹרְמִין וּמְעַשְּׂרִין, לֹא מִן הֶחָדָשׁ עַל הַיָּשָׁן, וְלֹא מִן הַיָּשָׁן עַל הֶחָדָשׁ. אִם הָיְתָה שְׁנִיָּה נִכְנֶסֶת לִשְׁלִישִׁית — שְׁנִיָּה מַעֲשֵׂר רִאשׁוֹן וּמַעֲשֵׂר שֵׁנִי, שְׁלִישִׁית — מַעֲשֵׂר רִאשׁוֹן וּמַעְשַׂר עָנִי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**after sunset,** so that they belong to the new year, **one may not set aside *teruma* and tithe from the one to the other, as one may not set aside *teruma* and tithe from the new** crop **for the old nor from the old** crop **for the new. If it was the second** year of the Sabbatical cycle **going into the third** year, the *halakha* is: From what he picked in **the second** year he must set aside **first tithe,** which he gives to a Levite, **and second tithe,** which he eats in Jerusalem; from what he picked in **the third** year, he must set aside **first tithe and poor man’s tithe,** which he gives to one who is needy.


###### Rosh Hashanah 12b:2
[Rosh Hashanah 12b:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rosh%20Hashanah/r/12b:2)

מְנָא הָנֵי מִילֵּי? אָמַר רַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בֶּן לֵוִי: ״כִּי תְכַלֶּה לַעְשֵׂר אֶת כׇּל מַעְשַׂר תְּבוּאָתְךָ בַּשָּׁנָה הַשְּׁלִישִׁית שְׁנַת הַמַּעֲשֵׂר״, שָׁנָה שֶׁאֵין בָּהּ אֶלָּא מַעֲשֵׂר אֶחָד. הָא כֵּיצַד? מַעֲשֵׂר רִאשׁוֹן וּמַעְשַׂר עָנִי, וּמַעֲשֵׂר שֵׁנִי יִבְטַל.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**From where are these matters** derived that during the third year one must set aside poor man’s tithe and not second tithe? **Rabbi Yehoshua ben Levi said:** The verse states: **“When you have made an end of tithing all the tithes of your produce in the third year, which is the year of the tithe”** (Deuteronomy 26:12). This is referring to **a year when there is only one** of the two **tithes** that had been given in the previous years. **How so?** One sets aside **first tithe and poor man’s tithe,** which is explicitly mentioned in that section, **and second tithe is nullified** that year.


###### Rosh Hashanah 12b:3
[Rosh Hashanah 12b:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rosh%20Hashanah/r/12b:3)

אוֹ אֵינוֹ אֶלָּא אַף מַעֲשֵׂר רִאשׁוֹן נָמֵי יִבְטַל — תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר: ״וְאֶל הַלְוִיִּם תְּדַבֵּר וְאָמַרְתָּ אֲלֵיהֶם כִּי תִקְחוּ מֵאֶת בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל אֶת הַמַּעֲשֵׂר אֲשֶׁר נָתַתִּי לָכֶם מֵאִתָּם בְּנַחֲלַתְכֶם״, הִקִּישׁוֹ הַכָּתוּב לְנַחֲלָה: מָה נַחֲלָה אֵין לָהּ הֶפְסֵק — אַף מַעֲשֵׂר רִאשׁוֹן אֵין לוֹ הֶפְסֵק.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Or** perhaps **it is not** like this, **but** in fact **even first tithe is nullified** during the third year and only one tithe is set aside, i.e., the poor man’s tithe. Therefore, **the verse states: “Thus speak to the Levites, and say to them: When you take of the children of Israel the tithes which I have given you from them for your inheritance”** (Numbers 18:26). **The verse juxtaposes** the first tithe that is given to the Levites **to an inheritance** of land: **Just as** with regard to **an inheritance there is no interruption,** as by Torah law a landed inheritance cannot be sold in perpetuity, but rather it passes from one generation to the next without interruption, **so too,** with regard to the **first tithe** that is given to the Levites **there is no interruption,** but rather it is taken every year.


###### Rosh Hashanah 12b:4
[Rosh Hashanah 12b:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rosh%20Hashanah/r/12b:4)

תַּנְיָא אִידַּךְ: ״כִּי תְכַלֶּה לַעְשֵׂר וְגוֹ׳״, שָׁנָה שֶׁאֵין בָּהּ אֶלָּא מַעֲשֵׂר אֶחָד. הָא כֵּיצַד? מַעֲשֵׂר רִאשׁוֹן וּמַעְשַׂר עָנִי, וּמַעֲשֵׂר שֵׁנִי יִבְטַל. יָכוֹל אַף מַעֲשֵׂר רִאשׁוֹן נָמֵי יִבְטַל? תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר: ״וּבָא הַלֵּוִי״, כׇּל זְמַן שֶׁבָּא — תֵּן לוֹ. דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי יְהוּדָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The same *halakha* **is taught** in **another** *baraita*: The verse states: **“When you have made an end of tithing** all the tithes of your produce in the third year, which is the year of the tithe.” This is referring to **the year when there is only one** of the two **tithes** that had been given in the previous years. **How so?** One sets aside **first tithe and poor man’s tithe, and second tithe is canceled.** One **might** have thought **that even first tithe is canceled** during the third year. Therefore, **the verse states: “And the Levite,** because he has no part or inheritance with you, and the stranger, and the fatherless, and the widow, who are within your gates, **shall come,** and shall eat and be satisfied” (Deuteronomy 14:29). **Whenever** the Levite **comes, give him;** every year you must give the Levite his tithe. This is **the statement of Rabbi Yehuda.**


###### Rosh Hashanah 12b:5
[Rosh Hashanah 12b:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rosh%20Hashanah/r/12b:5)

רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר בֶּן יַעֲקֹב אוֹמֵר: אֵינוֹ צָרִיךְ, הֲרֵי הוּא אוֹמֵר: ״וְאֶל הַלְוִיִּם תְּדַבֵּר וְאָמַרְתָּ אֲלֵיהֶם כִּי תִקְחוּ מֵאֶת בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל אֶת הַמַּעֲשֵׂר אֲשֶׁר נָתַתִּי לָכֶם מֵאִתָּם בְּנַחֲלַתְכֶם״, הִקִּישׁוֹ הַכָּתוּב לְנַחֲלָה: מָה נַחֲלָה אֵין לָהּ הֶפְסֵק — אַף מַעֲשֵׂר רִאשׁוֹן אֵין לוֹ הֶפְסֵק.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rabbi Eliezer ben Ya’akov says: One need not** learn this from here but from another source, as **it says: “Thus speak to the Levites, and say to them: When you take of the children of Israel the tithes which I have given you from them for your inheritance.” The verse juxtaposes** the first tithe **to an inheritance** of land: **Just as** with regard to a landed **inheritance there is no interruption, so too,** with regard to **first tithe there is no interruption.**


###### Rosh Hashanah 12b:6
[Rosh Hashanah 12b:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rosh%20Hashanah/r/12b:6)

וְלַנְּדָרִים וְכוּ׳. תָּנוּ רַבָּנַן: הַמּוּדָּר הֲנָאָה מֵחֲבֵירוֹ לְשָׁנָה — מוֹנֶה שְׁנֵים עָשָׂר חוֹדֶשׁ מִיּוֹם לְיוֹם. וְאִם אָמַר לְשָׁנָה זוֹ, אֲפִילּוּ לֹא עָמַד אֶלָּא בְּעֶשְׂרִים וְתִשְׁעָה בֶּאֱלוּל, כֵּיוָן שֶׁהִגִּיעַ יוֹם אֶחָד בְּתִשְׁרִי — עָלְתָה לוֹ שָׁנָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ It was taught in the *baraita* cited above: **And** the first of Tishrei is the new year **for vows. The Sages taught** in a *baraita*: **One** who is **prohibited by a vow** from **deriving benefit from another for a year counts twelve months from day to day,** from the day that the vow was taken. This applies whether one took a vow not to derive any benefit from another for a year, or he was the subject of someone else’s vow prohibiting him from deriving any benefit from that individual’s property for a year. **But if,** when he took the vow, **he said: For this year,** then **even if he took** the vow **only on the twenty-ninth of Elul, once the first day of Tishrei,** the following month, **has arrived, it is counted as a year,** and he is permitted to derive benefit from the other.


###### Rosh Hashanah 12b:7
[Rosh Hashanah 12b:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rosh%20Hashanah/r/12b:7)

אֲפִילּוּ לְמַאן דְּאָמַר יוֹם אֶחָד בַּשָּׁנָה אֵינוֹ חָשׁוּב שָׁנָה, לְצַעוֹרֵיהּ נַפְשֵׁיהּ קַבֵּיל עֲלֵיהּ — וְהָא אִצְטַעַר לֵיהּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara comments: This is true **even according to the one who said** that **one day in a year is not considered a year,** since in the case of a vow the person **accepted upon himself to suffer affliction, and he has** already achieved his goal and **suffered affliction,** and so he has fulfilled his vow.


###### Rosh Hashanah 12b:8
[Rosh Hashanah 12b:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rosh%20Hashanah/r/12b:8)

וְאֵימָא נִיסָן? בִּנְדָרִים הַלֵּךְ אַחַר לְשׁוֹן בְּנֵי אָדָם.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara asks: **But say** that a year with regard to vows ends in **Nisan.** The Gemara answers: The *halakha* is that **with regard to vows, follow the** ordinary **language of people.** The meaning of a vow is understood in accordance with the way that the words are used in common speech, and when people speak of a year, they ordinarily count it from the beginning of Tishrei.


###### Rosh Hashanah 12b:9
[Rosh Hashanah 12b:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rosh%20Hashanah/r/12b:9)

תְּנַן הָתָם: הַתִּלְתָּן — מִשֶּׁתִּצְמַח, הַתְּבוּאָה וְהַזֵּיתִים — מִשֶּׁיָּבִיאוּ שְׁלִישׁ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**We learned** in a mishna **there** (*Ma’asrot* 1:3): From when is produce obligated in tithes? **Fenugreek** is obligated **from** the time **when it sprouts. Grain and olives** are obligated **from** the time **when they have reached one-third** of their growth.


###### Rosh Hashanah 12b:10
[Rosh Hashanah 12b:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rosh%20Hashanah/r/12b:10)

מַאי מִשֶּׁתִּצְמַח — מִשֶּׁתִּצְמַח לִזְרָעִים.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara asks: **What is** the meaning of the phrase: **From** the time **when it sprouts?** Fenugreek begins to sprout almost immediately after it is planted. The Gemara answers: It means **from** the time **when it sprouts for seed,** i.e., from the time that its seeds are sufficiently developed to sprout into another crop.


###### Rosh Hashanah 12b:11
[Rosh Hashanah 12b:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rosh%20Hashanah/r/12b:11)

הַתְּבוּאָה וְהַזֵּיתִים מִשֶּׁיָּבִיאוּ שְׁלִישׁ. מְנָא הָנֵי מִילֵּי? אָמַר רַב אַסִּי אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן, וּמָטוּ בָּהּ מִשְּׁמֵיהּ דְּרַבִּי יוֹסֵי הַגְּלִילִי, אָמַר קְרָא: ״מִקֵּץ שֶׁבַע שָׁנִים בְּמוֹעֵד שְׁנַת הַשְּׁמִטָּה בְּחַג הַסּוּכּוֹת״, שְׁנַת הַשְּׁמִטָּה מַאי עֲבִידְתֵּיהּ בְּחַג הַסּוּכּוֹת? שְׁמִינִית הִיא!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
It was taught in the mishna: **Grain and olives** are obligated in tithes **from** the time **when they have reached one-third** of their growth. The Gemara asks: **From where are these matters** derived, that the years of produce follow the first third of their growth? **Rav Asi said** that **Rabbi Yoḥanan said, and** some **determined** that this statement was said **in the name of Rabbi Yosei HaGelili: The verse states: “At the end of every seven years, in the time of the year of release, in the festival of *Sukkot*”** (Deuteronomy 31:10). **What is the purpose of the Sabbatical Year** being mentioned **with the festival of *Sukkot*?** The festival of *Sukkot* is already **the eighth** year.


###### Rosh Hashanah 12b:12
[Rosh Hashanah 12b:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rosh%20Hashanah/r/12b:12)

אֶלָּא, לוֹמַר לָךְ: כׇּל תְּבוּאָה שֶׁהֵבִיאָה שְׁלִישׁ בַּשְּׁבִיעִית לִפְנֵי רֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה — אַתָּה נוֹהֵג בּוֹ מִנְהַג שְׁבִיעִית בַּשְּׁמִינִית.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rather,** it comes **to tell you** that the *halakhot* of the Sabbatical Year continue to apply on *Sukkot* of the following year, as **you must treat all produce that reached one-third** of its growth **in the Sabbatical Year before Rosh HaShana with the sanctity of the Sabbatical Year,** even if it fully grows and is able to be used only **in the eighth** year.


###### Rosh Hashanah 12b:13
[Rosh Hashanah 12b:13](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Rosh%20Hashanah/r/12b:13)

אֲמַר לֵיהּ רַבִּי זֵירָא לְרַב אַסִּי:

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rabbi Zeira said to Rav Asi:**