## Sanhedrin Daf 108a

###### Sanhedrin 108a:1
[Sanhedrin 108a:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/108a:1)

רְשָׁעִים בַּמִּשְׁפָּט וְחַטָּאִים בַּעֲדַת צַדִּיקִים״. ״עַל כֵּן לֹא יָקוּמוּ רְשָׁעִים בַּמִּשְׁפָּט״ – זֶה דּוֹר הַמַּבּוּל. ״וְחַטָּאִים בַּעֲדַת צַדִּיקִים״ – אֵלּוּ אַנְשֵׁי סְדוֹם. אָמְרוּ לוֹ: אֵינָם עוֹמְדִין בַּעֲדַת צַדִּיקִים, אֲבָל עוֹמְדִין בַּעֲדַת רְשָׁעִים.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**in judgment, nor sinners in the congregation of the righteous”** (Psalms 1:5). **“Therefore the wicked shall not stand in judgment”; this** is referring to **the generation of the flood,** about whom it is written: “The wickedness of man was great upon the earth” (Genesis 6:5). **“Nor sinners in the congregation of the righteous”; these are the people of Sodom,** about whom it is written: “And the men of Sodom were wicked and sinners” (Genesis 13:13). The Sages **said to** Rabbi Neḥemya: **They will not stand** in judgment for resurrection **in the congregation of the righteous, but they will stand** in judgment **in the congregation of the wicked.**


###### Sanhedrin 108a:2
[Sanhedrin 108a:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/108a:2)

מְרַגְּלִים אֵין לָהֶם חֵלֶק לָעוֹלָם הַבָּא, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״וַיָּמֻתוּ הָאֲנָשִׁים מוֹצִאֵי דִבַּת הָאָרֶץ רָעָה בַּמַּגֵּפָה לִפְנֵי ה׳״. ״וַיָּמֻתוּ״ – בָּעוֹלָם הַזֶּה, ״בַּמַּגֵּפָה״ – לָעוֹלָם הַבָּא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**The spies** who spread an evil report of their visit to Canaan **have no share in the World-to-Come, as it is stated: “And those men who spread the evil report about the land died by plague before the Lord”** (Numbers 14:37). **“And…died”** indicates **in this world; “by plague”** indicates **for the World-to-Come.**


###### Sanhedrin 108a:3
[Sanhedrin 108a:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/108a:3)

דּוֹר הַמִּדְבָּר אֵין לָהֶם חֵלֶק לָעוֹלָם הַבָּא, וְאֵין עוֹמְדִין בַּדִּין, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״בַּמִּדְבָּר הַזֶּה יִתַּמּוּ וְשָׁם יָמֻתוּ״. דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא. רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר אוֹמֵר, עֲלֵיהֶם הוּא אוֹמֵר: ״אִסְפוּ לִי חֲסִידָי כֹּרְתֵי בְרִיתִי עֲלֵי זָבַח״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The members of **the generation of the wilderness have no share in the World-to-Come and will not stand in judgment, as it is stated: “In this wilderness they shall be consumed, and there they shall die”** (Numbers 14:35). “They shall be consumed” indicates in this world; “and there they shall die” indicates for the World-to-Come; this is **the statement of Rabbi Akiva. Rabbi Eliezer says:** The members of the generation of the wilderness were essentially righteous, and **about them** the verse **says: “Gather My pious together to Me, those that have entered into My covenant by offering”** (Psalms 50:5). It is they who entered into the covenant with God and they will certainly be rewarded in the future.


###### Sanhedrin 108a:4
[Sanhedrin 108a:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/108a:4)

עֲדַת קֹרַח אֵינָהּ עֲתִידָה לַעֲלוֹת, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״וַתְּכַס עֲלֵיהֶם הָאָרֶץ״ – בָּעוֹלָם הַזֶּה, ״וַיֹּאבְדוּ מִתּוֹךְ הַקָּהָל״ – לָעוֹלָם הַבָּא. דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא. רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר אוֹמֵר, עֲלֵיהֶם הוּא אוֹמֵר: ״ה׳ מֵמִית וּמְחַיֶּה מוֹרִיד שְׁאוֹל וַיָּעַל״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**The assembly of Korah is not destined to arise** for resurrection, **as it is stated: “And the earth closed upon them”** (Numbers 16:33), meaning **in this world,** and also: **“And they perished from among the assembly”** (Numbers 16:33), meaning **in the World-to-Come;** this is **the statement of Rabbi Akiva. Rabbi Eliezer says: About them** the verse **says: “The Lord kills and makes alive; He lowers to the grave, and raises”** (I Samuel 2:6), indicating that the assembly of Korah has a share in the World-to-Come.


###### Sanhedrin 108a:5
[Sanhedrin 108a:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/108a:5)

**גְּמָ׳** תָּנוּ רַבָּנַן: דּוֹר הַמַּבּוּל אֵין לָהֶם חֵלֶק לָעוֹלָם הַבָּא, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״וַיִּמַח אֶת כׇּל הַיְקוּם אֲשֶׁר עַל פְּנֵי הָאֲדָמָה״. ״וַיִּמַח אֶת כׇּל הַיְּקוּם״ – בָּעוֹלָם הַזֶּה, ״וַיִּמָּחוּ מִן הָאָרֶץ״ – לָעוֹלָם הַבָּא, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה בֶּן בְּתֵירָא אוֹמֵר: לֹא חַיִּין וְלֹא נִדּוֹנִין, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״לֹא יָדוֹן רוּחִי בָאָדָם לְעֹלָם״ – לֹא דִּין וְלֹא רוּחַ. דָּבָר אַחֵר: ״לֹא יָדוֹן רוּחִי״ – שֶׁלֹּא תְּהֵא נִשְׁמָתָן חוֹזֶרֶת לִנְדָנָהּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**GEMARA:** **The Sages taught** in a *baraita*: The members of **the generation of the flood have no share in the World-to-Come, as it is stated: “And He obliterated every living thing that was upon the face of the ground,** from man to cattle to creeping animal to the birds of the heaven; and they were obliterated from the earth” (Genesis 7:23). **“And He obliterated every living thing”** indicates **in this world,** whereas **“and they were obliterated from the earth”** indicates **for the World-to-Come;** this is **the statement of Rabbi Akiva. Rabbi Yehuda ben Beteira says:** The members of the generation of the flood will **neither live nor be judged, as it is stated: “My soul shall not abide [*yadon*] in man forever”** (Genesis 6:3), meaning **neither** will they stand in **judgment [*din*], nor** shall their **souls** be restored to them. **Alternatively, “My soul shall not abide”** means **their souls will not return to their sheaths [*nadan*],** i.e., to their bodies.


###### Sanhedrin 108a:6
[Sanhedrin 108a:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/108a:6)

רַבִּי מְנַחֵם בְּרַבִּי יוֹסֵף אוֹמֵר: אֲפִילּוּ בְּשָׁעָה שֶׁהַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא מַחֲזִיר נְשָׁמוֹת לִפְגָרִים מֵתִים, נִשְׁמָתָן קָשָׁה לָהֶם בְּגֵיהִנָּם, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״תַּהֲרוּ חֲשַׁשׁ תֵּלְדוּ קַשׁ רוּחֲכֶם אֵשׁ תֹּאכַלְכֶם״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rabbi Menaḥem, son of Rabbi Yosef, says: Even at a time when the Holy One, Blessed be He, restores souls to lifeless corpses,** the souls of the generation of the flood **will** afflict **them harshly** as if they were **in Gehenna, as it is stated: “You shall conceive chaff; you shall bring forth straw; your soul is a fire that shall devour you”** (Isaiah 33:11).


###### Sanhedrin 108a:7
[Sanhedrin 108a:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/108a:7)

תָּנוּ רַבָּנַן: דּוֹר הַמַּבּוּל לֹא נִתְגָּאוּ אֶלָּא בִּשְׁבִיל טוֹבָה שֶׁהִשְׁפִּיעַ לָהֶם הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא, וּמָה כְּתִיב בָּהֶם? ״בָּתֵּיהֶם שָׁלוֹם מִפָּחַד וְלֹא שֵׁבֶט אֱלוֹהַּ עֲלֵיהֶם״, וּכְתִיב: ״שׁוֹרוֹ עִבַּר וְלֹא יַגְעִל תְּפַלֵּט פָּרָתוֹ וְלֹא תְשַׁכֵּל״, וּכְתִיב: ״יְשַׁלְּחוּ כַצֹּאן עֲוִילֵיהֶם וְיַלְדֵיהֶם יְרַקֵּדוּן״, וּכְתִיב: ״יִשְׂאוּ בְּתֹף וְכִנּוֹר וְיִשְׂמְחוּ לְקוֹל עוּגָב״, וּכְתִיב: ״יְכַלּוּ יְמֵיהֶם בַּטּוֹב וּשְׁנֵיהֶם בַּנְּעִימִים״, וּכְתִיב: ״וּבְרֶגַע שְׁאוֹל יֵחָתּוּ״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**The Sages taught** in a *baraita* (*Tosefta*, *Sota* 3:10): **The generation of the flood became haughty** and sinned **due only to the** excessive **goodness that the Holy One, Blessed be He, bestowed upon them. And what is written concerning them,** indicating that goodness? **“Their houses are safe without fear, nor is the rod of God upon them”** (Job 21:9). **And it is written: “Their bull sires, and will not fall; their cow calves, and does not cast her calf”** (Job 21:10). **And it is written: “They send forth their little ones like a flock, and their children dance”** (Job 21:11). **And it is written: “They sing to the timbrel and harp, and rejoice at the sound of the pipe”** (Job 21:12). **And it is written: “They shall spend their days in prosperity, and their years in pleasures”** (Job 36:11). **And it is written: “And peacefully they go down to the grave”** (Job 21:13).


###### Sanhedrin 108a:8
[Sanhedrin 108a:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/108a:8)

וְהִיא גָּרְמָה שֶׁאָמְרוּ לָאֵל: ״סוּר מִמֶּנּוּ וְדַעַת דְּרָכֶיךָ לֹא חָפָצְנוּ. מַה שַׁדַּי כִּי נַעַבְדֶנּוּ וּמַה נּוֹעִיל כִּי נִפְגַּע בּוֹ״. אָמְרוּ: כְּלוּם צְרִיכִין אָנוּ לוֹ אֶלָּא לְטִיפָּה שֶׁל גְּשָׁמִים? יֵשׁ לָנוּ נְהָרוֹת וּמַעֲיָנוֹת שֶׁאָנוּ מִסְתַּפְּקִין מֵהֶן. אָמַר הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא: בַּטּוֹבָה שֶׁהִשְׁפַּעְתִּי לָהֶן, בָּהּ מַכְעִיסִין אוֹתִי, וּבָהּ אֲנִי דָּן אוֹתָם, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״וַאֲנִי הִנְנִי מֵבִיא אֶת הַמַּבּוּל מַיִם״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And that** success **caused** them **to say to God: “Depart from us; for we desire not the knowledge of Your ways. What is the Almighty, that we should serve Him, and what profit should we have if we pray unto Him”** (Job 21:14-15). The members of the generation of the flood **said: Do we need Him for anything, even for** the **drop of rain** that He causes to fall? **We have rivers and springs from which we take our supply** of water; we do not fear Him. **The Holy One, Blessed be He, said: With the goodness that I bestowed upon them, with** that **they infuriate Me and with it I will sentence them, as it is stated: “And behold I will bring the flood of water”** (Genesis 6:17).


###### Sanhedrin 108a:9
[Sanhedrin 108a:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/108a:9)

רַבִּי יוֹסֵי אָמַר: דּוֹר הַמַּבּוּל לֹא נִתְגָּאוּ אֶלָּא בִּשְׁבִיל גַּלְגַּל הָעַיִן שֶׁדּוֹמֶה לְמַיִם, [שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״וְיִקְחוּ לָהֶם נָשִׁים מִכֹּל אֲשֶׁר בָּחָרוּ״]. לְפִיכָךְ דָּן אוֹתָן בְּמַיִם, שֶׁדּוֹמֶה לְגַלְגַּל הָעַיִן, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״נִבְקְעוּ כׇּל מַעְיְנוֹת תְּהוֹם רַבָּה וַאֲרֻבּוֹת הַשָּׁמַיִם נִפְתָּחוּ״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rabbi Yosei says: The generation of the flood became haughty due only to the** covetousness of the **eyeball, which is similar to water, as it is stated:** “And the sons of the prominent men saw that the daughters of men were fair; **and they took for themselves wives from anyone they chose”** (Genesis 6:2). **Consequently,** God **punished them with water, which is similar to an eyeball [*legalgal ha’ayin*], as it is stated: “All the fountains [*mayenot*] of the great deep were breached, and the flues of heaven were opened”** (Genesis 7:11).


###### Sanhedrin 108a:10
[Sanhedrin 108a:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/108a:10)

אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן: דּוֹר הַמַּבּוּל בְּרַבָּה קִלְקְלוּ, וּבְרַבָּה נִידּוֹנוּ. בְּרַבָּה קִלְקְלוּ, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״וַיַּרְא ה׳ כִּי רַבָּה רָעַת הָאָדָם״, וּבְרַבָּה נִידּוֹנוּ, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״כׇּל מַעְיְנוֹת תְּהוֹם רַבָּה״. אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן: שְׁלֹשָׁה נִשְׁתַּיְּירוּ מֵהֶם – בְּלוּעָה דְּגָדֵר, וְחַמֵּי טְבֶרְיָא, וְעֵינָא רַבָּתִי דְּבֵירָם.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rabbi Yoḥanan says:** The members of **the generation of the flood sinned with “great” and were punished with “great.” They sinned with “great,” as it is stated: “And the Lord saw that the wickedness of man was great”** (Genesis 6:5). **And they were punished with great, as it is stated: “All the fountains of the great deep** were breached” (Genesis 7:11). **Rabbi Yoḥanan says: Three** fountains **of** the great deep that were breached in the flood **remained,** and boiling water continues to flow in them as it did during the flood. They are: **Beloa of Gader, and the hot springs of Tiberias, and the great spring of Beiram.**


###### Sanhedrin 108a:11
[Sanhedrin 108a:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/108a:11)

״כִּי הִשְׁחִית כׇּל בָּשָׂר אֶת דַּרְכּוֹ עַל הָאָרֶץ״, אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן: מְלַמֵּד שֶׁהִרְבִּיעוּ בְּהֵמָה עַל חַיָּה, וְחַיָּה עַל בְּהֵמָה, וְהַכֹּל עַל אָדָם, וְאָדָם עַל הַכֹּל. אָמַר רַבִּי אַבָּא בַּר כָּהֲנָא: וְכוּלָּם חָזְרוּ, חוּץ מִתּוּשְׁלְמִי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
With regard to the verse: **“For all flesh had corrupted its way upon the earth”** (Genesis 6:12), **Rabbi Yoḥanan says:** This **teaches that** the people of the generation of the flood **mated** male **domesticated animals with** female **undomesticated animals, and** male **undomesticated animals with** female **domesticated animals, and all** male animals **with human** females, **and human** males **with all** female animals. **Rabbi Abba bar Kahana says: And** after the flood **all of** the creatures **returned** to mate with their own species, **except** for the bird called ***tushlami*,** which continued to mate with other species.


###### Sanhedrin 108a:12
[Sanhedrin 108a:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/108a:12)

״וַיֹּאמֶר ה׳ לְנֹחַ קֵץ כׇּל בָּשָׂר בָּא לְפָנַי״. אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן: בֹּא וּרְאֵה כַּמָּה גָּדוֹל כֹּחַ שֶׁל חָמָס, שֶׁהֲרֵי דּוֹר הַמַּבּוּל עָבְרוּ עַל הַכֹּל, וְלֹא נֶחְתַּם עֲלֵיהֶם גְּזַר דִּינָם עַד שֶׁפָּשְׁטוּ יְדֵיהֶם בְּגָזֵל, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״כִּי מָלְאָה הָאָרֶץ חָמָס מִפְּנֵיהֶם וְהִנְנִי מַשְׁחִיתָם אֶת הָאָרֶץ״. וּכְתִיב: ״הֶחָמָס קָם לְמַטֵּה רֶשַׁע, לֹא מֵהֶם וְלֹא מֵהֲמוֹנָם וְלֹא מֶהֱמֵהֶם וְלֹא נֹהַּ בָּהֶם״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
With regard to the verse: **“And God said to Noah: The end of all flesh is come before Me,** for the earth is filled with robbery through them, and behold, I will destroy them with the earth” (Genesis 6:13), **Rabbi Yoḥanan says: Come and see how great is the power of robbery, as the generation of the flood violated every** precept, **but their sentence** to be destroyed **was not sealed until they extended their hands** and engaged **in robbery, as it is stated: “For the earth is filled with robbery through them, and behold, I will destroy them with the earth”** (Genesis 6:13). **And it is written: “Robbery is risen up into a rod of wickedness; nothing comes from them, nor from their multitude, nor from any of them, nor shall there be wailing [*no’ah*] for them”** (Ezekiel 7:11).


###### Sanhedrin 108a:13
[Sanhedrin 108a:13](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/108a:13)

אָמַר רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר: מְלַמֵּד שֶׁזָּקַף עַצְמוֹ כְּמַקֵּל, וְעָמַד לִפְנֵי הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא, וְאָמַר לְפָנָיו, רִבּוֹנוֹ שֶׁל עוֹלָם: ״לֹא מֵהֶם וְלֹא מֵהֲמוֹנָם וְלֹא מֶהֱמֵהֶם וְלֹא נֹהַּ בָּהֶם״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rabbi Elazar says:** This **teaches that** robbery **straightened itself like a rod and stood before the Holy One, Blessed be He, and said before Him: Master of the Universe: “Nothing comes from them, nor from their multitude, nor from any of them, nor shall there be wailing for them,”** i.e., none of the robbers are fit to exist.


###### Sanhedrin 108a:14
[Sanhedrin 108a:14](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/108a:14)

(וְאַף עַל נֹחַ נֶחְתַּם גְּזַר דִּין, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״וְלֹא נֹחַ בָּהֶם״). תָּנָא דְּבֵי רַבִּי יִשְׁמָעֵאל: אַף עַל נֹחַ נֶחְתַּךְ גְּזַר דִּין, אֶלָּא שֶׁמָּצָא חֵן בְּעֵינֵי ה׳, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״נִחַמְתִּי כִּי עֲשִׂיתֶם וְנֹחַ מָצָא חֵן בְּעֵינֵי ה׳״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And the sentence of Noah was also sealed;** he was going to die with the rest of the generation of the flood, **as it is stated: Nor shall there be *No’aḥ* for them.** The Gemara interprets the term spelled *nun*, *heh*, in the aforementioned verse, as if it were spelled *nun*, *ḥet*. **The school of Rabbi Yishmael taught: The sentence of Noah was also decided; but** he was spared through the kindness of God due to the fact **that he found favor in the eyes of God, as it is stated: “For I regret that I have made them. And Noah found favor in the eyes of the Lord”** (Genesis 6:7-8). The juxtaposition of the term “and Noah” to the phrase “for I regret that I have made them” indicates that Noah should have been killed as well.


###### Sanhedrin 108a:15
[Sanhedrin 108a:15](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/108a:15)

״וַיִּנָּחֶם ה׳ כִּי עָשָׂה אֶת הָאָדָם בָּאָרֶץ״. כִּי אֲתָא רַב דִּימִי אָמַר: אָמַר הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא, יָפֶה עָשִׂיתִי שֶׁתִּקַּנְתִּי לָהֶם קְבָרוֹת בָּאָרֶץ. מַאי מַשְׁמַע? כְּתִיב הָכָא ״וַיִּנָּחֶם ה׳״, וּכְתִיב הָתָם ״וַיְנַחֵם אוֹתָם וַיְדַבֵּר עַל לִבָּם״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
It is written: **“*Vayyinaḥem* the Lord that He made man on the earth [*ba’aretz*]”** (Genesis 6:6). The meaning of the term “*vayyinaḥem*” is subject to a dispute. **When Rav Dimi came** from Eretz Yisrael to Babylonia, **he said** in explanation: **The Holy One, Blessed be He, said: I did well that I prepared graves for** people **in the earth [*ba’aretz*].** The Gemara asks: **From where** is it **inferred** that the term “*vayyinaḥem*” has a positive connotation? The Gemara answers: **It is written here: “*Vayyinaḥem*,” and it is written there: “And he comforted them [*vayenaḥem otam*] and spoke to their heart”** (Genesis 50:21).


###### Sanhedrin 108a:16
[Sanhedrin 108a:16](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/108a:16)

וְאִיכָּא דְאָמְרִי: לֹא יָפֶה עָשִׂיתִי שֶׁתִּקַּנְתִּי לָהֶם קְבָרוֹת בָּאָרֶץ. כְּתִיב הָכָא ״וַיִּנָּחֶם״, וּכְתִיב הָתָם: ״וַיִּנָּחֶם ה׳ עַל הָרָעָה אֲשֶׁר דִּבֶּר לַעֲשׂוֹת לְעַמּוֹ״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And there are** those **who say** that the term “*vayyinaḥem*” has a different meaning: **I did not do well that I prepared graves for** people **in the earth,** as I should not have created them in order to destroy them. From where is it inferred that the term “*vayyinaḥem*” has a negative connotation? **It is written here: “*Vayyinaḥem*,” and it is written there: “And the Lord regretted [*vayyinaḥem*] the evil that He thought to do to His people”** (Exodus 32:14).


###### Sanhedrin 108a:17
[Sanhedrin 108a:17](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/108a:17)

״אֵלֶּה תּוֹלְדוֹת נֹחַ [נֹחַ אִישׁ צַדִּיק תָּמִים הָיָה בְּדֹרֹתָיו]״. אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן: ״בְּדוֹרוֹתָיו״, וְלֹא בְּדוֹרוֹת אֲחֵרִים. וְרֵישׁ לָקִישׁ אָמַר: ״בְּדוֹרוֹתָיו״, כׇּל שֶׁכֵּן בְּדוֹרוֹת אֲחֵרִים.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ With regard to the verse: **“These are the generations of Noah; Noah was a righteous man, and wholehearted in his generations”** (Genesis 6:9), **Rabbi Yoḥanan says:** Relative to the other people **of his generation** he was righteous and wholehearted, **but not** relative to those **of other generations. And Reish Lakish says: In his generation** he was righteous and wholehearted despite being surrounded by bad influences; **all the more so** would he have been considered righteous and wholehearted **in other generations.**


###### Sanhedrin 108a:18
[Sanhedrin 108a:18](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/108a:18)

אָמַר רַבִּי חֲנִינָא: מָשָׁל דְּרַבִּי יוֹחָנָן, לְמָה הַדָּבָר דּוֹמֶה? לְחָבִית שֶׁל יַיִן שֶׁהָיְתָה מוּנַּחַת בְּמַרְתֵּף שֶׁל חוֹמֶץ. בִּמְקוֹמָהּ – רֵיחָהּ נוֹדֵף, שֶׁלֹּא בִּמְקוֹמָהּ – אֵין רֵיחָהּ נוֹדֵף. אָמַר רַבִּי אוֹשַׁעְיָא: מָשָׁל דְּרֵישׁ לָקִישׁ, לְמָה הַדָּבָר דּוֹמֶה? לִצְלוֹחִית שֶׁל פִּלְיָיטוֹן שֶׁהָיְתָה מוּנַּחַת בִּמְקוֹם הַטִּנּוֹפֶת. בִּמְקוֹמָהּ – רֵיחָהּ נוֹדֵף, וְכׇל שֶׁכֵּן בִּמְקוֹם הַבּוֹסֶם.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rabbi Ḥanina says:** There is **a parable** for the statement **of Rabbi Yoḥanan; to what is this matter comparable?** It is comparable **to a barrel of wine that was placed in a cellar** where **vinegar** is stored; **in its place, its fragrance diffuses,** i.e., is noticeable, relative to the odor of the vinegar. When it is **not in its place** surrounded by vinegar, **its fragrance does not diffuse,** and its pleasant odor is not sensed. **Rabbi Oshaya says:** There is **a parable** for the statement **of Reish Lakish; to what is this matter comparable?** It is comparable **to a flask of perfume [*palyaton*] that was placed in a location of filth. In its place its fragrance diffuses** despite the ambient odor, **and all the more so** is its fragrance noticeable if it is placed **in a location** where there is **perfume.**


###### Sanhedrin 108a:19
[Sanhedrin 108a:19](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/108a:19)

״וַיִּמַח אֶת כׇּל הַיְקוּם אֲשֶׁר עַל פְּנֵי הָאֲדָמָה״. אִם אָדָם חָטָא, בְּהֵמָה מָה חָטְאָה?

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
With regard to the verse: **“And He obliterated every living thing that was upon the face of the ground,** from man to cattle to creeping animal to the birds of the heaven” (Genesis 7:23), the Gemara asks: **If man sinned,** in **what** way **did** the **animal** kingdom **sin** that it, too, warranted destruction?


###### Sanhedrin 108a:20
[Sanhedrin 108a:20](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/108a:20)

תָּנָא מִשּׁוּם רַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בֶּן קׇרְחָה: מָשָׁל לְאָדָם שֶׁעָשָׂה חוּפָּה לִבְנוֹ, וְהִתְקִין מִכׇּל מִינֵי סְעוּדָה. לְיָמִים מֵת בְּנוֹ. עָמַד וּבִלְבֵּל אֶת חוּפָּתוֹ. אָמַר: כְּלוּם עָשִׂיתִי אֶלָּא בִּשְׁבִיל בְּנִי? עַכְשָׁיו שֶׁמֵּת, חוּפָּה לָמָּה לִי? אַף הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא אָמַר: כְּלוּם בָּרָאתִי בְּהֵמָה וְחַיָּה אֶלָּא בִּשְׁבִיל אָדָם? עַכְשָׁיו שֶׁאָדָם חוֹטֵא, בְּהֵמָה וְחַיָּה לָמָּה לִי?

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara answers: It was **taught in the name of Rabbi Yehoshua ben Korḥa:** There is **a parable** for this matter, **to a man who fashioned a wedding canopy for his son and prepared all sorts of** food for the wedding **feast. Sometime** later, before the wedding, **his son died.** What did the man do? **He arose and dismantled his** son’s **wedding canopy. He said: Did I do** this for any reason **other than for my son? Now that** my son has **died, why do I** need **a wedding canopy? So too, the Holy One, Blessed be He, said: Did I create domesticated animals and non-domesticated animals** for any reason **other than for man? Now that man sins** and is sentenced to destruction, **why do I** need **domesticated animals and non-domesticated animals?**


###### Sanhedrin 108a:21
[Sanhedrin 108a:21](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/108a:21)

״מִכֹּל אֲשֶׁר בֶּחָרָבָה מֵתוּ״, וְלֹא דָּגִים שֶׁבַּיָּם.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
It is written: **“Of all that was on dry land died”** (Genesis 7:22), from which it is inferred: **But not the fish that are in the sea,** which are not on dry land.


###### Sanhedrin 108a:22
[Sanhedrin 108a:22](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/108a:22)

דָּרֵשׁ רַבִּי יוֹסֵי דְּמִן קֵסָרִי: מַאי דִּכְתִיב ״קַל הוּא עַל פְּנֵי מַיִם תְּקֻלַּל חֶלְקָתָם בָּאָרֶץ״? מְלַמֵּד שֶׁהָיָה נֹחַ הַצַּדִּיק מוֹכִיחַ בָּהֶם וְאוֹמֵר לָהֶם: עֲשׂוּ תְּשׁוּבָה, וְאִם לָאו הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא מֵבִיא עֲלֵיכֶם אֶת הַמַּבּוּל וּמַקְפֶּה נִבְלַתְכֶם עַל הַמַּיִם כְּזִיקִין, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״קַל הוּא עַל פְּנֵי מַיִם״. וְלֹא עוֹד, אֶלָּא שֶׁלּוֹקְחִין מֵהֶם קְלָלָה לְכׇל בָּאֵי עוֹלָם, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״תְּקֻלַּל חֶלְקָתָם בָּאָרֶץ

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rabbi Yosei from Caesarea taught: What** is the meaning of that **which is written: “He is swift upon the face of the waters; their portion is cursed in the earth;** he turns not by way of the vineyards” (Job 24:18)? This **teaches that Noah the righteous would rebuke** the people of his generation **and say to them: Repent. And if** you do **not, the Holy One, Blessed be He, will bring a flood upon you and float your corpses on the water like wineskins** filled with air that float on water, **as it is stated: “He is swift upon the face of the waters.” Moreover, a curse is taken from them to all who enter the world,** as people will curse others, saying: They shall be like the generation of the flood. **As it is stated: “Their portion is cursed in the earth.”**


###### Sanhedrin 108a:23
[Sanhedrin 108a:23](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/108a:23)

לֹא יִפְנֶה דֶּרֶךְ כְּרָמִים״, מְלַמֵּד שֶׁהָיוּ מְפַנִּים דֶּרֶךְ כְּרָמִים. אָמְרוּ לוֹ: וּמִי מְעַכֵּב? אָמַר לָהֶם: פְּרֵידָה אַחַת יֵשׁ לִי לְהוֹצִיא מִכֶּם.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The conclusion of that verse: **“He turns not by way of the vineyards,” teaches that they would clear a path through vineyards. They said to** Noah: **And who is preventing** the flood from coming? Noah **said to them: I have one pigeon,** Methuselah, who will die at his appointed time, which I must **remove from among you** before the flood.