## Sanhedrin Daf 50a

###### Sanhedrin 50a:1
[Sanhedrin 50a:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/50a:1)

קָסָבְרִי רַבָּנַן: נְשׂוּאָה יוֹצְאָה לִשְׂרֵיפָה, וְלֹא אֲרוּסָה. וּמִדְּאַפְּקַהּ רַחֲמָנָא לַאֲרוּסָה בִּסְקִילָה, שְׁמַע מִינַּהּ: סְקִילָה חֲמוּרָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara answers: **The Rabbis hold** that only the **married** daughter of a priest who committed adultery **is singled out** from all those who commit adultery, **for burning, but not** one who is **betrothed,** as a betrothed woman who committed adultery, whether or not she is the daughter of a priest, is executed by stoning. **And since the Merciful One singles out a betrothed woman** who is not married from all married women who commit adultery, to be executed **by stoning, conclude from it** that **stoning** is more **severe** than burning.


###### Sanhedrin 50a:2
[Sanhedrin 50a:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/50a:2)

סְקִילָה חֲמוּרָה מִסַּיִיף, שֶׁכֵּן נִיתְּנָה לִמְגַדֵּף וּלְעוֹבֵד עֲבוֹדָה זָרָה. וּמַאי חוּמְרָא? כְּדַאֲמַרַן.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Stoning** is considered more **severe than** decapitation by the **sword, as it is meted out to one who blasphemes and to one who worships idols. And** for **what** reason is the **severity** of these transgressions considered greater than others? **As we said,** it is because the transgressors undermine the fundamental tenets of Judaism.


###### Sanhedrin 50a:3
[Sanhedrin 50a:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/50a:3)

אַדְּרַבָּה: סַיִיף חָמוּר, שֶׁכֵּן נִיתַּן לְאַנְשֵׁי עִיר הַנִּדַּחַת. וּמַאי חוּמְרָא? שֶׁכֵּן מָמוֹנָן אָבֵד.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara raises an objection: **On the contrary;** decapitation by the **sword** would appear to be more **severe** than stoning, **as it is meted out to the people of an idolatrous city,** who also undermine the fundamental tenets of Judaism. **And** for **what** reason is the **severity** of this case of an idolatrous city considered greater than others? **Because** the transgressors are not only executed, **their property is destroyed** as well.


###### Sanhedrin 50a:4
[Sanhedrin 50a:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/50a:4)

אָמַרְתָּ: אֵיזֶה כֹּחַ מְרוּבֶּה, כֹּחַ הַמַּדִּיחַ אוֹ כֹּחַ הַנִּידָּח? הֱוֵי אוֹמֵר: כֹּחַ הַמַּדִּיחַ. וְתַנְיָא: מַדִּיחֵי עִיר הַנִּדַּחַת – בִּסְקִילָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara answers: In response to this objection, **you** should **say: The severity of which** transgression **is greater: The severity** of the transgression **of the one who subverts** the city, inciting them to sin, **or the severity** of the transgression **of the subverted? You must say** that **the severity of** the transgression of **the subverter** is greater. **And it is taught** in a *baraita*: **The subverters of an idolatrous city** are executed **by stoning.** Evidently, stoning is a more severe type of execution than decapitation.


###### Sanhedrin 50a:5
[Sanhedrin 50a:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/50a:5)

סְקִילָה חֲמוּרָה מֵחֶנֶק, שֶׁכֵּן נִיתַּן לִמְגַדֵּף וּלְעוֹבֵד עֲבוֹדָה זָרָה. וּמַאי חוּמְרָא? כְּדַאֲמַרַן.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Stoning** is considered more **severe than strangulation, as it is meted out to one who blasphemes and to one who worships idols. And** for **what** reason is the **severity** of these transgressions considered greater? **As we said,** it is because the transgressors undermine the fundamental tenets of Judaism.


###### Sanhedrin 50a:6
[Sanhedrin 50a:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/50a:6)

אַדְּרַבָּה: חֶנֶק חָמוּר – שֶׁכֵּן נִיתַּן לְמַכֵּה אָבִיו וְאִמּוֹ. וּמַאי חוּמְרָא? שֶׁכֵּן הוּקַּשׁ כְּבוֹדָן לִכְבוֹד הַמָּקוֹם.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara raises an objection: **On the contrary; strangulation** is more **severe, as it is meted out to one who wounds his father or his mother. And** for **what** reason is the **severity** of this transgression considered greater? **Because the honor of** one’s parents **is compared to the honor of the Omnipresent** (see *Kiddushin* 30b).


###### Sanhedrin 50a:7
[Sanhedrin 50a:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/50a:7)

מִדְּאַפְּקֵיהּ רַחֲמָנָא לַאֲרוּסָה בַּת יִשְׂרָאֵל מִכְּלַל נְשׂוּאָה בַּת יִשְׂרָאֵל מֵחֶנֶק לִסְקִילָה, שְׁמַע מִינַּהּ: סְקִילָה חֲמוּרָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara answers: **Since the Merciful One singles out** the case of **a betrothed Jewish woman from the category of a married Jewish woman,** changing the punishment of a betrothed Jewish woman who committed adultery **from strangulation to stoning, conclude from it** that **stoning** is more **severe.**


###### Sanhedrin 50a:8
[Sanhedrin 50a:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/50a:8)

שְׂרֵיפָה חֲמוּרָה מִסַּיִיף, שֶׁכֵּן נִיתְּנָה לְבַת כֹּהֵן שֶׁזִּינְּתָה. וּמַאי חוּמְרָא? שֶׁכֵּן מְחַלֶּלֶת אֶת אָבִיהָ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Burning** is considered more **severe than** decapitation by the **sword, as it is meted out to a priest’s daughter who committed adultery. And** for **what** reason is the **severity** of this transgression considered greater than others? **Because she profanes** both herself and **her father.**


###### Sanhedrin 50a:9
[Sanhedrin 50a:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/50a:9)

אַדְּרַבָּה: סַיִיף חָמוּר, שֶׁכֵּן נִיתַּן לְאַנְשֵׁי עִיר הַנִּדַּחַת. וּמַאי חוּמְרָא? שֶׁכֵּן מָמוֹנָן אָבֵד.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara raises an objection: **On the contrary;** decapitation by the **sword** is more **severe, as it is meted out to the people of an idolatrous city. And** for **what** reason is the **severity** of this case considered greater? **Because** the transgressors are not only executed, **their property is destroyed** as well.


###### Sanhedrin 50a:10
[Sanhedrin 50a:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/50a:10)

נֶאֱמַר ״אָבִיהָ״ בִּסְקִילָה, וְנֶאֱמַר ״אָבִיהָ״ בִּשְׂרֵיפָה. מָה ״אָבִיהָ״ הָאָמוּר בִּסְקִילָה – סְקִילָה חֲמוּרָה מִסַּיִיף, אַף ״אָבִיהָ״ הָאָמוּר בִּשְׂרֵיפָה – שְׂרֵיפָה חֲמוּרָה מִסַּיִיף.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara answers: The severity of burning is derived by means of a verbal analogy. The term **“her father” is stated with regard to stoning,** in the verse: “And the men of her city shall stone her with stones and she shall die, because she has done a depraved thing in Israel, to play the harlot in the house of her father” (Deuteronomy 22:21), **and** the term **“her father” is stated with regard to burning,** in the verse: “And the daughter of a priest, when she profanes herself by playing the harlot, she profanes her father; she shall be burned with fire” (Leviticus 21:9). Therefore, **just as** concerning the term **“her father” that is stated with regard to stoning** it is established that **stoning** is more **severe than** decapitation by the **sword, so too,** concerning the term **“her father” that is stated with regard to burning,** it may be established that **burning** is more **severe than** decapitation by the **sword.**


###### Sanhedrin 50a:11
[Sanhedrin 50a:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/50a:11)

שְׂרֵיפָה חֲמוּרָה מֵחֶנֶק, שֶׁכֵּן נִיתְּנָה לְבַת כֹּהֵן שֶׁזִּינְּתָה. וּמַאי חוּמְרָא? כְּדַאֲמַרַן.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Burning** is considered more **severe than strangulation, as it is meted out to a priest’s daughter who committed adultery. And** for **what** reason is the **severity** of this transgression considered greater? **As we said,** because she profanes both herself and her father.


###### Sanhedrin 50a:12
[Sanhedrin 50a:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/50a:12)

אַדְּרַבָּה: חֶנֶק חָמוּר, שֶׁכֵּן נִיתַּן לְמַכֵּה אָבִיו וְאִמּוֹ. וּמַאי חוּמְרָא? שֶׁכֵּן הוּקַּשׁ כְּבוֹדָן לִכְבוֹד הַמָּקוֹם.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara raises an objection: **On the contrary; strangulation** is more **severe, as it is meted out to one who wounds his father or his mother. And** for **what** reason is the **severity** of this transgression considered greater? **Because the honor of** one’s parents **is compared to the honor of the Omnipresent.**


###### Sanhedrin 50a:13
[Sanhedrin 50a:13](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/50a:13)

מִדְּאַפְּקֵיהּ רַחֲמָנָא לִנְשׂוּאָה בַּת כֹּהֵן מִכְּלַל נְשׂוּאָה בַּת יִשְׂרָאֵל מֵחֶנֶק לִשְׂרֵיפָה, שְׁמַע מִינַּהּ: שְׂרֵיפָה חֲמוּרָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara answers: **Since the Merciful One singles out** the case of **the married daughter of a priest from the category of a married Jewish woman,** changing the punishment of the married daughter of a priest who committed adultery **from strangulation to burning, conclude from it** that **burning** is more **severe** than strangulation.


###### Sanhedrin 50a:14
[Sanhedrin 50a:14](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/50a:14)

סַיִיף חָמוּר מֵחֶנֶק, שֶׁכֵּן נִיתַּן לְאַנְשֵׁי עִיר הַנִּדַּחַת. וּמַאי חוּמְרָא? שֶׁכֵּן מָמוֹנָם אָבֵד.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Decapitation by the **sword** is considered more **severe than strangulation, as it is meted out to the people of an idolatrous city. And** for **what** reason is the **severity** of this case considered greater? **Because their property is destroyed** as well.


###### Sanhedrin 50a:15
[Sanhedrin 50a:15](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/50a:15)

אַדְּרַבָּה: חֶנֶק חָמוּר שֶׁכֵּן נִיתַּן לְמַכֵּה אָבִיו וְאִמּוֹ. וּמַאי חוּמְרָא? שֶׁכֵּן הוּקַּשׁ כּוּ׳.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara raises an objection: **On the contrary; strangulation** is more **severe, as it is meted out to one who wounds his father or his mother. And** for **what** reason is the **severity** of this transgression considered greater? **Because** the honor of one’s parents **is compared** to the honor of the Omnipresent.


###### Sanhedrin 50a:16
[Sanhedrin 50a:16](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/50a:16)

אֲפִילּוּ הָכִי, פּוֹשֵׁט יָדוֹ בָּעִיקָּר עָדִיף.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara answers: **Nevertheless,** the transgression of **one who undermines the fundamental** tenets of Judaism is **more** severe, as he defiles the honor of the Omnipresent Himself, so his punishment must certainly be the most severe.


###### Sanhedrin 50a:17
[Sanhedrin 50a:17](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/50a:17)

רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר כּוּ׳. שְׂרֵיפָה חֲמוּרָה מִסְּקִילָה, שֶׁכֵּן נִיתְּנָה לְבַת כֹּהֵן שֶׁזִּינְּתָה. וּמַאי חוּמְרָא? שֶׁכֵּן מְחַלֶּלֶת אֶת אָבִיהָ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ The mishna teaches that **Rabbi Shimon says** that the order of severity is burning, stoning, strangulation, and killing. The Gemara explains the basis for his opinion. **Burning** is considered more **severe than stoning, as** burning **is meted out to a priest’s daughter who committed adultery. And** for **what** reason is the **severity** of this transgression considered greater than the others? **Because she profanes** both herself and **her father.**


###### Sanhedrin 50a:18
[Sanhedrin 50a:18](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/50a:18)

אַדְּרַבָּה: סְקִילָה חֲמוּרָה, שֶׁכֵּן נִיתְּנָה לִמְגַדֵּף וּלְעוֹבֵד עֲבוֹדָה זָרָה. וּמַאי חוּמְרָא? שֶׁכֵּן פּוֹשֵׁט יָדוֹ בָּעִיקָּר.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara raises an objection: **On the contrary; stoning** is more **severe, as it is meted out to one who blasphemes and to one who worships idols. And** for **what** reason is the **severity** of these transgressions greater? **Because** the transgressor **undermines the fundamental** tenets of Judaism.


###### Sanhedrin 50a:19
[Sanhedrin 50a:19](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/50a:19)

רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן לְטַעְמֵיהּ, דְּאָמַר: אַחַת אֲרוּסָה וְאַחַת נְשׂוּאָה יָצְאָה לִשְׂרֵיפָה. וּמִדְּאַפְּקֵיהּ רַחֲמָנָא לַאֲרוּסָה בַּת כֹּהֵן מִכְּלַל אֲרוּסָה בַּת יִשְׂרָאֵל מִסְּקִילָה לִשְׂרֵיפָה, שְׁמַע מִינַּהּ: שְׂרֵיפָה חֲמוּרָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara answers: **Rabbi Shimon** conforms **to his** line of **reasoning, as he says** that the daughter of a priest, **whether** she is **betrothed or married, is singled out for burning. And since the Merciful One singles out** the case of **the betrothed daughter of a priest from the category of a betrothed Jewish woman,** changing her punishment **from** execution by **stoning to** execution by **burning, conclude from it** that **burning** is more **severe** than stoning, as the punishment for a priest’s daughter who committed adultery must certainly be more severe than that of the daughter of a non-priest.


###### Sanhedrin 50a:20
[Sanhedrin 50a:20](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/50a:20)

שְׂרֵיפָה חֲמוּרָה מֵחֶנֶק, שֶׁכֵּן נִיתְּנָה לְבַת כֹּהֵן שֶׁזִּינְּתָה. וּמַאי חוּמְרָא? כְּדַאֲמַרַן.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara continues to explain the order of severity according to Rabbi Shimon. **Burning** is considered more **severe than strangulation, as it is meted out to a priest’s daughter who committed adultery. And** for **what** reason is the **severity** of this transgression considered greater? **As we said,** it is because she profanes both herself and her father.


###### Sanhedrin 50a:21
[Sanhedrin 50a:21](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/50a:21)

אַדְּרַבָּה: חֶנֶק חָמוּר, שֶׁכֵּן נִיתַּן לְמַכֵּה אָבִיו וְאִמּוֹ. וּמַאי חוּמְרָא? שֶׁכֵּן הוּקַּשׁ כְּבוֹדָם לִכְבוֹד הַמָּקוֹם.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara raises an objection: **On the contrary; strangulation** is more **severe, as it is meted out to one who wounds his father or his mother. And** for **what** reason is the **severity** of this transgression considered greater? **Because the honor of** one’s parents **is compared to the honor of the Omnipresent.**


###### Sanhedrin 50a:22
[Sanhedrin 50a:22](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/50a:22)

מִדְּאַפְּקֵיהּ רַחֲמָנָא לִנְשׂוּאָה בַּת כֹּהֵן מִכְּלַל נְשׂוּאָה בַּת יִשְׂרָאֵל, מֵחֶנֶק לִשְׂרֵיפָה, שְׁמַע מִינַּהּ: שְׂרֵיפָה חֲמוּרָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara answers: **Since the Merciful One singles out** the case of **the married daughter of a priest** who committed adultery **from the category of a married Jewish woman** who committed adultery, changing her punishment **from** execution by **strangulation to** execution by **burning, conclude from it** that **burning** is more **severe** than strangulation.


###### Sanhedrin 50a:23
[Sanhedrin 50a:23](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/50a:23)

שְׂרֵיפָה חֲמוּרָה מִסַּיִיף, שֶׁכֵּן נִיתְּנָה לְבַת כֹּהֵן שֶׁזִּינְּתָה. וּמַאי חוּמְרָא? כְּדַאֲמַרַן.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Burning** is considered more **severe than** decapitation by the **sword, as it is meted out to a priest’s daughter who committed adultery. And** for **what** reason is the **severity** of this transgression considered greater? **As we said,** it is because she profanes both herself and her father.


###### Sanhedrin 50a:24
[Sanhedrin 50a:24](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/50a:24)

אַדְּרַבָּה: סַיִיף חָמוּר, שֶׁכֵּן נִיתַּן לְאַנְשֵׁי עִיר הַנִּדַּחַת. וּמַאי חוּמְרָא? שֶׁכֵּן מָמוֹנָם אָבֵד.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara raises an objection: **On the contrary;** decapitation by the **sword** is more **severe, as it is meted out to the people of an idolatrous city. And** for **what** reason is the **severity** of this case considered greater? **Because their property is destroyed** as well.


###### Sanhedrin 50a:25
[Sanhedrin 50a:25](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/50a:25)

אָמַרְתָּ: וְכִי אֵיזֶה כֹּחַ מְרוּבֶּה, כֹּחַ הַמַּדִּיחַ אוֹ כֹּחַ הַנִּידָּח?

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara answers: In response to this objection, **you** should **say: But the severity of which** transgression **is greater: The severity** of the transgression **of the subverter, or the severity** of the transgression **of the subverted?**