## Sanhedrin Daf 66b

###### Sanhedrin 66b:1
[Sanhedrin 66b:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/66b:1)

מַאי ״לֹא תְקַלֵּל״? שְׁמַע מִינַּהּ תַּרְתֵּי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**What** *halakha* can be derived from the seemingly superfluous second letter *lamed*, which renders the expression: **“You shall not curse [*tekallel*]”? Conclude from it** that this expression includes **two** prohibitions: A prohibition against cursing God and a prohibition against cursing a judge.


###### Sanhedrin 66b:2
[Sanhedrin 66b:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/66b:2)

**מַתְנִי׳** הַבָּא עַל נַעֲרָה הַמְאוֹרָסָה אֵינוֹ חַיָּיב, עַד שֶׁתְּהֵא נַעֲרָה, בְּתוּלָה, מְאוֹרָסָה, וְהִיא בְּבֵית אָבִיהָ. בָּאוּ עָלֶיהָ שְׁנַיִם, הָרִאשׁוֹן בִּסְקִילָה וְהַשֵּׁנִי בְּחֶנֶק.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**MISHNA:** **One who engages in intercourse with a betrothed young woman is not liable** to be executed by stoning **unless she is a young woman,** i.e., neither a minor nor an adult; **a virgin; betrothed** but not yet married; **and she** lives **in her father’s home,** having yet to move in with her husband. If **two** men **engaged in intercourse with her, the first** is liable to be executed **by stoning, and the second** is liable to be executed **by strangulation.** The second man is executed in this manner in accordance with the *halakha* of one who engages in intercourse with a married or non-virgin betrothed woman, as she was no longer a virgin when he engaged in intercourse with her.


###### Sanhedrin 66b:3
[Sanhedrin 66b:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/66b:3)

**גְּמָ׳** תָּנוּ רַבָּנַן: ״נַעֲרָה״ – וְלֹא בּוֹגֶרֶת, ״בְּתוּלָה״ – וְלֹא בְּעוּלָה, ״מְאוֹרָסָה״ – וְלֹא נְשׂוּאָה, ״בְּבֵית אָבִיהָ״ – פְּרָט לְשֶׁמָּסַר הָאָב לִשְׁלוּחֵי הַבַּעַל.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**GEMARA:** **The Sages taught** with regard to the conditions stated in the mishna: The punishment of stoning applies only if the woman is **a young woman,** a category that applies until she is approximately twelve-and-a-half years of age, **but not a grown woman.** She must be **a virgin but not a non-virgin.** She must be **betrothed but not married.** She must be living **in her father’s home, excluding** a case **where the father transferred** his daughter **to the husband’s agents** to bring her to her husband’s home for the purpose of marriage; in such a case, even though she has not arrived there yet, she is already considered a married woman according to *halakha*.


###### Sanhedrin 66b:4
[Sanhedrin 66b:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/66b:4)

אָמַר רַב יְהוּדָה אָמַר רַב: זוֹ דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי מֵאִיר, אֲבָל חֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים: נַעֲרָה הַמְאוֹרָסָה – אֲפִילּוּ קְטַנָּה בַּמַּשְׁמָע.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Yehuda says** that **Rav says: This** mishna is **the statement of Rabbi Meir,** who holds that the *halakha* of a betrothed young woman applies to a young woman of the intermediate age between minority and adulthood. **But the Rabbis say: Even a minor is included in** the term: **A betrothed young woman;** only a grown woman is excluded.


###### Sanhedrin 66b:5
[Sanhedrin 66b:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/66b:5)

אֲמַר לֵיהּ רַב אַחָא מִדִּפְתִּי לְרָבִינָא: מִמַּאי דְּמַתְנִיתִין רַבִּי מֵאִיר הִיא, וּלְמַעוֹטֵי קְטַנָּה נָמֵי? דִּילְמָא רַבָּנַן הִיא, וּלְמַעוֹטֵי בּוֹגֶרֶת וְתוּ לָא?

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Aḥa of Difti said to Ravina: From where** is it indicated **that the mishna is** in accordance with the opinion of **Rabbi Meir, and** the specification that she must be a young woman is not only to the exclusion of a grown woman but **also to the exclusion of a minor girl? Perhaps** the mishna **is** in accordance with the opinion of **the Rabbis, and** the condition that she must be a young woman is **to the exclusion of a grown woman and nothing more.** Accordingly, one who engages in intercourse with an engaged minor girl is liable to be executed by stoning.


###### Sanhedrin 66b:6
[Sanhedrin 66b:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/66b:6)

אֲמַר לֵיהּ: הַאי ״אֵינוֹ חַיָּיב עַד שֶׁתְּהֵא נַעֲרָה בְּתוּלָה מְאוֹרָסָה״ – אֵינוֹ חַיָּיב אֶלָּא עַל נַעֲרָה בְּתוּלָה מְאוֹרָסָה מִיבְּעֵי לֵיהּ! וְתוּ לָא מִידִּי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Ravina **said to him: This** expression in the mishna: **Is not liable unless she is [*ad shetehe*] a young woman, a virgin, betrothed,** does not suit your suggested explanation. If the mishna is merely excluding a grown woman, **it should have** stated: **Is liable only for** engaging in intercourse with **a young woman** who is **a virgin** and **betrothed.** The expression *ad shetehe* indicates: Until she becomes, i.e., this *halakha* does not apply until she reaches the age of a young woman. **And** there is **nothing more** to be said on the matter, as this is clearly the intention of the mishna.


###### Sanhedrin 66b:7
[Sanhedrin 66b:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/66b:7)

בְּעָא מִינֵּיהּ רַבִּי יַעֲקֹב בַּר אַדָּא מֵרַב: בָּא עַל הַקְּטַנָּה מְאוֹרָסָה לְרַבִּי מֵאִיר, מַהוּ? לְגַמְרֵי מְמַעֵיט לֵיהּ, אוֹ מִסְּקִילָה מְמַעֵיט לֵיהּ? אֲמַר לֵיהּ: מִסְתַּבְּרָא מִסְּקִילָה מְמַעֵט לֵיהּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rabbi Ya’akov bar Adda asked Rav:** In the case of a man who **engaged in intercourse with a betrothed minor girl, what is** the *halakha* **according to** the opinion of **Rabbi Meir? Does** Rabbi Meir **exclude him** from punishment **entirely, or does he exclude him** merely **from stoning** but he is executed by strangulation, like one who engages in intercourse with any other married woman? Rav **said to him: It stands to reason** that Rabbi Meir **excludes him from stoning** alone, but he is liable to be executed by strangulation.


###### Sanhedrin 66b:8
[Sanhedrin 66b:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/66b:8)

וְהָכְתִיב: ״וּמֵתוּ גַּם שְׁנֵיהֶם״, עַד שֶׁיְּהוּ שְׁנֵיהֶן שָׁוִין? שְׁתֵיק רַב.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Rabbi Ya’akov bar Adda raised an objection to this answer: **But isn’t it written:** “If a man is found lying with a woman married to a husband, **then they shall both die,** the man who lies with the woman, and the woman” (Deuteronomy 22:22), indicating that this punishment does not apply **unless they are both equally** subject to punishment? If so, one who engages in intercourse with a betrothed minor girl is exempt, as she is not halakhically competent. **Rav remained silent** and did not answer him.


###### Sanhedrin 66b:9
[Sanhedrin 66b:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/66b:9)

אָמַר שְׁמוּאֵל: מַאי טַעְמָא שְׁתֵיק רַב? וְנֵימָא לֵיהּ: ״וּמֵת הָאִישׁ אֲשֶׁר שָׁכַב עִמָּהּ לְבַדּוֹ״!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Shmuel says: What is the reason** that **Rav remained silent? Why not say to** Rabbi Ya’akov that his premise is repudiated by the verse: “But if the man finds the betrothed young woman in the field, and the man takes hold of her, and lies with her, **then the man who lay with her alone shall die”** (Deuteronomy 22:25)? This verse proves that the punishment of stoning applies to the man even if the woman is exempt. The *halakha* of a man who engages in intercourse with a betrothed minor should be the same.


###### Sanhedrin 66b:10
[Sanhedrin 66b:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/66b:10)

כְּתַנָּאֵי: ״וּמֵתוּ גַּם שְׁנֵיהֶם״ – עַד שֶׁיְּהוּ שְׁנֵיהֶן שָׁוִין, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי יֹאשִׁיָּה. רַבִּי יוֹנָתָן אוֹמֵר: ״וּמֵת הָאִישׁ אֲשֶׁר שָׁכַב עִמָּהּ לְבַדּוֹ״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara answers that this matter is **subject to** a dispute between ***tanna’im*,** as is taught in a *baraita*: The verse states: **“Then they shall both die”** (Deuteronomy 22:22), indicating that this *halakha* does not apply **unless they are both equally** subject to punishment. If one of them cannot be punished, e.g., because he or she is a minor, the other is not executed either. This is **the statement of Rabbi Yoshiya. Rabbi Yonatan says** that the phrase from the verse **“then the man who lay with her alone shall die”** indicates that in some cases only one of them is liable to receive the death penalty.


###### Sanhedrin 66b:11
[Sanhedrin 66b:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/66b:11)

וְאִידָּךְ, הָהִיא ״וּמֵתוּ גַּם שְׁנֵיהֶם״ מַאי דָּרֵישׁ בֵּיהּ? אָמַר רָבָא: לְמַעוֹטֵי מַעֲשֵׂה חִידּוּדִים. וְאִידַּךְ? מַעֲשֵׂה חִידּוּדִים לָאו כְּלוּם הִיא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara asks: **And what does the other** *tanna*, Rabbi Yonatan, who holds that this punishment applies even if only one party is subject to punishment, **derive from** the verse: **“Then they shall both die”? Rava says:** That verse is stated **to exclude an act of sharpening,** i.e., engaging in sexual contact with a woman without penetration. Since the man and woman do not equally receive pleasure from such an act, it is not considered sexual intercourse, and they are exempt. **And the other** *tanna*, Rabbi Yoshiya, holds that **an act of sharpening is nothing;** there is clearly no liability for such an act, and it is unnecessary to derive this *halakha* from the verse.


###### Sanhedrin 66b:12
[Sanhedrin 66b:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/66b:12)

וְאִידָּךְ, הַאי ״לְבַדּוֹ״ מַאי דָּרֵישׁ בֵּיהּ?

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara asks: **And what does the other** *tanna*, Rabbi Yoshiya, who holds that they must be equally subject to punishment, **derive from** the verse “Then the man who lay with her **alone** shall die”?


###### Sanhedrin 66b:13
[Sanhedrin 66b:13](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/66b:13)

כִּדְתַנְיָא: בָּאוּ עָלֶיהָ עֲשָׂרָה בְּנֵי אָדָם, וַעֲדַיִין הִיא בְּתוּלָה – כּוּלָּם בִּסְקִילָה. רַבִּי אוֹמֵר: הָרִאשׁוֹן בִּסְקִילָה, וְכוּלָּן בְּחֶנֶק.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara answers: He derives another *halakha*, **as it is taught** in a *baraita*: If **ten men engaged in intercourse with** a betrothed young woman, **and she is still a virgin,** as they engaged in anal intercourse with her, **they are all** liable to be executed **by stoning. Rabbi** Yehuda HaNasi **says: The first** of them is executed **by stoning, and all** the rest **of them** are executed **by strangulation.** Rabbi Yehuda HaNasi derives from the phrase in the verse “Then the man who lay with her alone shall die” that although the woman is still a virgin, only one man can be executed by stoning for engaging in intercourse with her. The others are executed by strangulation, in accordance with the *halakha* of one who engages in intercourse with a married woman or a betrothed non-virgin.


###### Sanhedrin 66b:14
[Sanhedrin 66b:14](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/66b:14)

תָּנוּ רַבָּנַן: ״וּבַת אִישׁ כֹּהֵן כִּי תֵחֵל לִזְנוֹת״, רַבִּי אוֹמֵר: תְּחִילָּה, וְכֵן הוּא אוֹמֵר: ״וּמֵת הָאִישׁ אֲשֶׁר שָׁכַב עִמָּהּ לְבַדּוֹ״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ **The Sages taught:** The verse states: **“And the daughter of any priest, if she profanes [*teḥel*] herself by playing the harlot,** she profanes her father; she shall be burned with fire” (Leviticus 21:9). **Rabbi** Yehuda HaNasi **says:** The word *teḥel* means **first [*teḥila*]; and likewise it says: “Then the man who lay with her alone shall die”** (Deuteronomy 22:25).


###### Sanhedrin 66b:15
[Sanhedrin 66b:15](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/66b:15)

מַאי קָאָמַר? אָמַר רַב הוּנָא בְּרֵיהּ דְּרַב יְהוֹשֻׁעַ: רַבִּי כְּרַבִּי יִשְׁמָעֵאל סְבִירָא לֵיהּ, דְּאָמַר אֲרוּסָה יָצְאָה לִשְׂרֵיפָה וְלֹא נְשׂוּאָה. וְהָכִי קָאָמַר: אִם תְּחִילַּת בִּיאָה בִּזְנוּת – בִּשְׂרֵיפָה, אִידַּךְ – בְּחֶנֶק.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara asks: **What is** Rabbi Yehuda HaNasi **saying? Rav Huna, son of Rav Yehoshua, says: Rabbi** Yehuda HaNasi **holds in accordance with** the opinion of **Rabbi Yishmael, who says** that only the **betrothed** daughter of a priest **is singled out for** execution by **burning, but not** one who is **married;** a married daughter of a priest who commits adultery is executed in the same manner as other women who commit adultery. **And this** is what Rabbi Yehuda HaNasi **is saying: If** a woman’s **first** act of **sexual intercourse** occurs **when** she commits **adultery,** as she is still betrothed, she is executed **by burning;** in **another** case, i.e., if she is already married and this is not the first time she engages in sexual intercourse, she is executed **by strangulation.**


###### Sanhedrin 66b:16
[Sanhedrin 66b:16](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/66b:16)

מַאי ״וְכֵן״? כִּי הָתָם: מָה הָתָם בִּתְחִילַּת בִּיאָה קָמִשְׁתַּעֵי קְרָא, הָכָא נָמֵי בִּתְחִילַּת בִּיאָה קָמִשְׁתַּעֵי קְרָא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara asks: **What** is the meaning of the end of Rabbi Yehuda HaNasi’s statement: **And likewise** it says: “Then the man who lay with her alone shall die”? What is the relevance of that verse to this issue? The Gemara answers: Rabbi Yehuda HaNasi means to say that the *halakha* here, in the case of a betrothed young woman who is the daughter of a priest, is **like there. Just as there,** with regard to a betrothed young woman who is not the daughter of a priest, **the verse speaks of** her **first intercourse, here too, the verse speaks of** her **first intercourse.**


###### Sanhedrin 66b:17
[Sanhedrin 66b:17](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/66b:17)

אֲמַר לֵיהּ רַב בִּיבִי בַּר אַבָּיֵי: מָר לָא הָכִי אֲמַר. וּמַנּוּ? רַב יוֹסֵף.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Beivai bar Abaye said to** Rav Huna, son of Rav Yehoshua: My **Master does not say,** i.e., does not explain the statement of Rabbi Yehuda HaNasi, **like that.** The Gemara comments: **And who is** his Master? **Rav Yosef.**


###### Sanhedrin 66b:18
[Sanhedrin 66b:18](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/66b:18)

רַבִּי, כְּרַבִּי מֵאִיר סְבִירָא לֵיהּ, דְּאָמַר: נִשֵּׂאת לְאֶחָד מִן הַפְּסוּלִין – מִיתָתָהּ בְּחֶנֶק.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Rather, he explains the statement of Rabbi Yehuda HaNasi as follows: **Rabbi** Yehuda HaNasi **holds in accordance with** the opinion of **Rabbi Meir, who says:** In the case of the daughter of a priest who **married one of the** men **unfit** for her, e.g., a *mamzer*, and committed adultery while married to him, **her death** sentence is administered **by strangulation** and not by burning.


###### Sanhedrin 66b:19
[Sanhedrin 66b:19](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sanhedrin/r/66b:19)

וְהָכִי קָאָמַר: אִם תְּחִילַּת אַחָלָתָהּ בִּזְנוּת – בִּשְׂרֵיפָה, וְאִידַּךְ – בְּחֶנֶק. וּמַאי ״וְכֵן״?

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And this** is what Rabbi Yehuda HaNasi **is saying: If she first profanes herself,** i.e., disqualifies herself from the priesthood, **by** committing **adultery,** she is executed **by burning, but** in **another** case, where she was already disqualified from the priesthood by marrying a man unfit for her, she is executed **by strangulation. And what** is the meaning of the end of Rabbi Yehuda HaNasi’s statement: **And likewise** it says: “Then the man who lay with her alone shall die”?