## Shabbat Daf 102b

###### Shabbat 102b:1
[Shabbat 102b:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Shabbat/r/102b:1)

מַתְנִי׳ **הַבּוֹנֶה**, כַּמָּה יִבְנֶה וִיהֵא חַיָּיב? הַבּוֹנֶה כׇּל שֶׁהוּא, וְהַמְסַתֵּת וְהַמַּכֶּה בַּפַּטִּישׁ וּבְמַעֲצָד, הַקּוֹדֵחַ כׇּל שֶׁהוּא — חַיָּיב. זֶה הַכְּלָל: כׇּל הָעוֹשֶׂה מְלָאכָה, וּמְלַאכְתּוֹ מִתְקַיֶּימֶת בַּשַּׁבָּת — חַיָּיב. וְכֵן רַבָּן שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל אוֹמֵר: אַף הַמַּכֶּה בְּקוּרְנָס עַל הַסַּדָּן בִּשְׁעַת מְלָאכָה — חַיָּיב, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוּא כִּמְתַקֵּן מְלָאכָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**MISHNA:** With regard to **one who builds** on Shabbat, thereby violating a prohibition in a primary category of prohibited labor, **how much** must **he build** to **be liable** to bring a sin-offering? The Sages said: **One who builds** is liable for building **any amount. And one who chisels, or strikes with a hammer or with an adze,** or **one who drills** a hole **of any size** on Shabbat, **is liable. This is the principle: Anyone who performs a** prohibited **labor and his labor endures on Shabbat is liable. And so too, Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel says: Even one who strikes an anvil with a sledgehammer during his labor** has performed a constructive act and **is liable, because he is as one who improves the labor** that he is performing.


###### Shabbat 102b:2
[Shabbat 102b:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Shabbat/r/102b:2)

**גְּמָ׳** כׇּל שֶׁהוּא לְמַאי חַזְיָא? אָמַר רַבִּי יִרְמְיָה: שֶׁכֵּן עָנִי חוֹפֵר גּוּמָּא לְהַצְנִיעַ בָּהּ פְּרוּטוֹתָיו. דִּכְווֹתַהּ גַּבֵּי מִשְׁכָּן, שֶׁכֵּן תּוֹפְרֵי יְרִיעוֹת חוֹפְרִין גּוּמָּא לְהַצְנִיעַ בָּהּ מַחֲטֵיהֶן. אַבָּיֵי אָמַר: כֵּיוָן דְּמִשַּׁתְּכִי לָא עָבְדִי הָכִי. אֶלָּא, שֶׁכֵּן עָנִי עוֹשֶׂה פִּיטְפּוּטֵי כִּירָה קְטַנָּה לִשְׁפּוֹת עָלֶיהָ קְדֵירָה קְטַנָּה. דִּכְווֹתַהּ גַּבֵּי מִשְׁכָּן, מְבַשְּׁלֵי סַמָּנִין לִצְבּוֹעַ יְרִיעוֹת שֶׁחָסְרָה מְלַאכְתָּן, עוֹשִׂין פִּיטְפּוּטֵי כִּירָה קְטַנָּה לִשְׁפּוֹת עָלֶיהָ יוֹרָה קְטַנָּה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**GEMARA:** The Gemara asks: With regard to **any** small **amount** of building, **for what** use **is it suited? Rabbi Yirmeya said: As a poor person digs a hole** in the floor of his house **in which to hide his coins.** Digging a hole in the floor of a house is an act of building. The **corresponding** situation **in the Tabernacle** was **as those who sewed curtains** in the Tabernacle **dug holes in which to hide their needles. Abaye said: Since** needles **rust** in the ground, **they did not do so.** The Gemara seeks a different example of small-scale building that is significant. **Rather,** an example is **that a poor person makes legs for a small stove to place a small pot on it.** The **corresponding** situation **in the Tabernacle** was with regard to **those who cooked herbs** used **to dye curtains, whose** dyeing **process was lacking** a small amount for completion. At that point, it was not worth the effort to cook a large quantity of dye, and so they would **make legs for a small stove upon which to place a small cauldron** to cook a small bit of dye to finish the job.


###### Shabbat 102b:3
[Shabbat 102b:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Shabbat/r/102b:3)

רַב אַחָא בַּר יַעֲקֹב אָמַר: אֵין עֲנִיּוּת בִּמְקוֹם עֲשִׁירוּת. אֶלָּא, שֶׁכֵּן בַּעַל הַבַּיִת שֶׁיֵּשׁ לוֹ נֶקֶב בְּבִירָתוֹ וְסוֹתְמוֹ, דִּכְווֹתַהּ גַּבֵּי מִשְׁכָּן, שֶׁכֵּן קֶרֶשׁ שֶׁנָּפְלָה בּוֹ דַּרְנָא — מַטִּיף לְתוֹכָהּ אֲבָר וְסוֹתְמוֹ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Aḥa bar Ya’akov said: There is no poverty in a place of wealth.** In the Tabernacle, as in any public project, actions are not performed on a small scale or in parsimonious quantities; they were performed generously. Those who cooked dyes in the Tabernacle had no use for small crucibles. **Rather,** an example of significant small-scale building is **a homeowner who has a** small **hole in his house and seals it.** The **corresponding** situation **in the Tabernacle** was with regard to **a beam that was set upon by a worm** that bore a hole into it; one **pours lead into** the hole **and seals it.**


###### Shabbat 102b:4
[Shabbat 102b:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Shabbat/r/102b:4)

אָמַר שְׁמוּאֵל: הַמְצַדֵּד אֶת הָאֶבֶן — חַיָּיב. מֵיתִיבִי, אֶחָד נוֹתֵן אֶת הָאֶבֶן וְאֶחָד נוֹתֵן אֶת הַטִּיט — הַנּוֹתֵן אֶת הַטִּיט חַיָּיב!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Shmuel said:** If **one sets a stone** in place on Shabbat, i.e., he takes a building stone and fixes it in place on the ground on Shabbat, **he is liable** for performing the prohibited labor of building. The Gemara **raises an objection to this** from that which the Sages taught with regard to building on Shabbat. In a case where **one puts down a stone and** another **one places the mortar, the one who places the mortar is liable** for building. Apparently, the prohibition of building is only violated when mortar is added. Merely setting a stone in place is not enough to establish liability.


###### Shabbat 102b:5
[Shabbat 102b:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Shabbat/r/102b:5)

וְלִיטַעְמָיךְ, אֵימָא סֵיפָא, רַבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר: וַאֲפִילּוּ הֶעֱלָה וְהִנִּיחַ עַל גַּבֵּי דִּימוֹס שֶׁל אֲבָנִים — חַיָּיב! אֶלָּא תְּלָתָא בִּנְיָינֵי הָווּ: תַּתָּא, מְצִיעָאָה, וְעִילָּאָה. תַּתָּא בָּעֵי צַדּוֹדֵי וְעַפְרָא. מְצִיעָא בָּעֵי נָמֵי טִינָא. עִילָּאָה בְּהַנָּחָה בְּעָלְמָא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara answers: **And according to your** line of **reasoning, say the latter clause** of that mishna where we learn that **Rabbi Yosei says: And even** if **one lifted** the stone **and placed it on a top row of stones [*dimos*], he is liable** even without securing it with mortar. **Rather,** apparently, **there are three** different kinds of **building: Bottom** row, **middle** row, **and upper** row. **The bottom** row **requires setting** the stones in place **and dirt** to hold it in place. **The middle** row **requires mortar as well. The upper** row suffices **with mere placement.**


###### Shabbat 102b:6
[Shabbat 102b:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Shabbat/r/102b:6)

וְהַמְסַתֵּת. מְסַתֵּת מִשּׁוּם מַאי מִיחַיַּיב? רַב אָמַר: מִשּׁוּם בּוֹנֶה, וּשְׁמוּאֵל אָמַר: מִשּׁוּם מַכֶּה בַּפַּטִּישׁ. הָעוֹשֶׂה נֶקֶב בְּלוּל שֶׁל תַּרְנְגוֹלִים, רַב אָמַר: מִשּׁוּם בּוֹנֶה, וּשְׁמוּאֵל אָמַר: מִשּׁוּם מַכֶּה בַּפַּטִּישׁ. עַיֵּיל שׁוּפְתָּא בְּקוֹפִינָא דְמָרָא, רַב אָמַר: מִשּׁוּם בּוֹנֶה, וּשְׁמוּאֵל אָמַר: מִשּׁוּם מַכֶּה בַּפַּטִּישׁ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
We learned in the mishna: **One who chisels** any amount is liable. The Gemara asks: With regard to **one who chisels, for which** primary category of prohibited labor **is he liable? Rav said:** He is liable **due to** the prohibited labor of **building. And Shmuel said:** He is liable **due to** the prohibited labor of **striking** a blow **with a hammer** to complete the production process of a vessel. They similarly disagreed with regard to **one who makes a hole in a chicken coop. Rav said:** He is liable **due to** the prohibited labor of **building. And Shmuel said:** He is liable **due to** the prohibited labor of **striking** a blow **with a hammer.** And similarly, with regard to **one who inserts a pin into the handle of a hoe** in order to secure the handle, **Rav said:** He is liable **due to** the prohibited labor of **building. And Shmuel said:** He is liable **due to** the prohibited labor of **striking** a blow **with a hammer.**


###### Shabbat 102b:7
[Shabbat 102b:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Shabbat/r/102b:7)

וּצְרִיכָא, דְּאִי אַשְׁמְעִינַן קַמַּיְיתָא — בְּהַהִיא קָאָמַר רַב, מִשּׁוּם דְּדֶרֶךְ בִּנְיָן בְּכָךְ. אֲבָל עוֹשֶׂה נֶקֶב בְּלוּל שֶׁל תַּרְנְגוֹלִים, דְּאֵין דֶּרֶךְ בִּנְיָן בְּכָךְ — אֵימָא מוֹדֶה לֵיהּ לִשְׁמוּאֵל. וְאִי אַשְׁמְעִינַן בְּהָא — בְּהָא קָאָמַר רַב, מִשּׁוּם דְּדָמֵי לְבִנְיָן, דְּעַבְדֵיהּ לְאַוֵּירָא,

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara comments: It is **necessary** for the Gemara to teach us that Rav and Shmuel disagreed in each of these cases because one could not be inferred from the other. **As, had** the Gemara **told us** only **the first** case of chiseling, I would have said that it is specifically **in that** case that **Rav said** one is liable for building **because it is a** typical **manner of building; however,** with regard to **one who makes a hole in a chicken coop,** which **is not a** typical **manner of building, say** that Rav **agrees with Shmuel** that this is not subsumed under the rubric of the prohibited labor of building. **And had** the Gemara **told us** only **about this** case of making a hole in a chicken coop, I would have said that it is specifically **in that case** that **Rav said** one is liable for building, **because it is similar to building, as people do so for ventilation** in a chicken coop, just as they place windows in buildings.


###### Shabbat 102b:8
[Shabbat 102b:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Shabbat/r/102b:8)

אֲבָל שׁוּפְתָּא בְּקוֹפִינָא דְמָרָא דְּאֵין דֶּרֶךְ בִּנְיָן בְּכָךְ — אֵימָא מוֹדֶה לֵיהּ לִשְׁמוּאֵל. וְאִי אַשְׁמְעִינַן בְּהָא, בְּהָא קָאָמַר שְׁמוּאֵל, אֲבָל בְּהָנָךְ תַּרְתֵּי — אֵימָא מוֹדֶה לֵיהּ לְרַב, צְרִיכָא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**However,** inserting **a pin into the handle of a hoe,** which is **not a** typical **manner of building, say** that Rav **agrees with Shmuel** that it is not subsumed under the rubric of the prohibited labor of building. Conversely, **had** the Gemara **told us** only **about this case** of inserting a pin into the handle of a hoe, I would have said that it is only **in that** case that **Shmuel said** that the action is not subsumed under the rubric of the prohibited labor of building; **however, with regard to these** other **two** cases of chiseling and making a hole in the coop, **say** that Shmuel **agrees with Rav** that they are subsumed under the rubric of the prohibited labor of building. Therefore, **it was necessary** to cite all three disputes.


###### Shabbat 102b:9
[Shabbat 102b:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Shabbat/r/102b:9)

בְּעָא מִינֵּיהּ רַב נָתָן בַּר אוֹשַׁעְיָא מֵרַבִּי יוֹחָנָן: מְסַתֵּת מִשּׁוּם מַאי מִיחַיַּיב? אַחְוִי לֵיהּ בִּידֵיהּ מִשּׁוּם מַכֶּה בַּפַּטִּישׁ. וְהָאֲנַן תְּנַן: הַמְסַתֵּת וְהַמַּכֶּה בַּפַּטִּישׁ! אֵימָא: הַמְסַתֵּת הַמַּכֶּה בַּפַּטִּישׁ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Natan bar Oshaya raised a dilemma before Rabbi Yoḥanan:** With regard to **one who chisels, for which** primary category of prohibited labor **is he liable? He indicated with his hand** that he is liable **for striking** a blow **with a hammer.** The Gemara asks: **Didn’t we learn** in the mishna: **One who chisels and one who strikes** a blow **with a hammer,** indicating that they are two different prohibitions? The Gemara answers: Emend this and **say: One who chisels** is liable due to the prohibition of **striking** a blow **with a hammer.**


###### Shabbat 102b:10
[Shabbat 102b:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Shabbat/r/102b:10)

תָּא שְׁמַע:

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Come** and **hear** a proof that will resolve this dilemma from that which we learned: