## Shabbat Daf 19b

###### Shabbat 19b:1
[Shabbat 19b:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Shabbat/r/19b:1)

לֹא יִגְמוֹר. וְרַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר אָמַר: רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר הִיא. דִּתְנַן: חַלּוֹת דְּבַשׁ שֶׁרִיסְּקָן בְּעֶרֶב שַׁבָּת וְיָצְאוּ מֵעַצְמָן — אָסוּר, וְרַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר מַתִּיר.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**He may not finish. And** the *amora* **Rabbi Elazar said:** Our mishna **is** in accordance with the opinion of **Rabbi Elazar** the *tanna*. **As we learned** in a mishna: With regard to **honeycombs that he crushed on Shabbat eve and** the honey **came out on its own** on Shabbat day, **it is prohibited to eat** the honey, like anything that was prepared on Shabbat. **And Rabbi Elazar permits** eating it on Shabbat.


###### Shabbat 19b:2
[Shabbat 19b:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Shabbat/r/19b:2)

וְרַבִּי יוֹסֵי בַּר חֲנִינָא מַאי טַעְמָא לָא אָמַר כְּרַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר? אָמַר לָךְ, הָתָם הוּא דְּמֵעִיקָּרָא אוֹכֶל וּלְבַסּוֹף אוֹכֶל, הָכָא מֵעִיקָּרָא אוֹכֶל וְהַשְׁתָּא מַשְׁקֶה. וְרַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר אָמַר לָךְ: הָא שָׁמְעִינַן לֵיהּ לְרַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר דַּאֲפִילּוּ זֵיתִים וַעֲנָבִים נָמֵי שָׁרֵי. דְּהָא כִּי אֲתָא רַב הוֹשַׁעְיָא מִנְּהַרְדְּעָא, אֲתָא וְאַיְיתִי מַתְנִיתָא בִּידֵיהּ: זֵיתִים וַעֲנָבִים שֶׁרִיסְּקָן מֵעֶרֶב שַׁבָּת וְיָצְאוּ מֵעַצְמָן — אֲסוּרִין. רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר וְרַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן מַתִּירִין. וְרַבִּי יוֹסֵי בַּר חֲנִינָא בָּרָיְיתָא לָא שְׁמִיעַ לֵיהּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara asks: **And Rabbi Yosei bar Ḥanina, what is the reason he did not say** in accordance with the explanation of **Rabbi Elazar?** Apparently, Rabbi Elazar’s explanation in the mishna is more accurate. The Gemara answers: Rabbi Yosei could have **said to you** that **there,** in the case of the honeycombs, **it is food from the beginning and it is food at the end,** as honey is considered food. Therefore, there was no squeezing of liquid from food at all. However, **here,** in all of the cases in the mishna, **from the beginning** they were **food and now** they became **liquid,** and that is the definition of squeezing. **And Rabbi Elazar** could have **said to you** in response to this assertion: **We heard** that **Rabbi Elazar permitted olives and grapes as well. As when Rav Hoshaya from Neharde’a came, he came and brought a *baraita* with him,** in which it was taught: **Olives and grapes that he crushed from Shabbat eve and** the liquids **seeped out on their own,** the liquids **are prohibited. Rabbi Elazar and Rabbi Shimon permit** those liquids. The Gemara answers that **Rabbi Yosei bar Rabbi Ḥanina did not know** this ***baraita*.**


###### Shabbat 19b:3
[Shabbat 19b:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Shabbat/r/19b:3)

וְרַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר מַאי טַעְמָא לָא אָמַר כְּרַבִּי יוֹסֵי בַּר חֲנִינָא? אָמַר לָךְ: לָאו אִיתְּמַר עֲלַהּ אָמַר רָבָא בַּר חֲנִינָא אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן: בִּמְחוּסָּרִין דִּיכָה — דְּכוּלֵּי עָלְמָא לָא פְּלִיגִי, כִּי פְּלִיגִי בִּמְחוּסָּרִין שְׁחִיקָה. וְהָנֵי נָמֵי כִּמְחוּסָּרִין דִּיכָה דָּמוּ. הוֹרָה רַבִּי יוֹסֵי בַּר חֲנִינָא כְּרַבִּי יִשְׁמָעֵאל.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
On the other hand, the Gemara asks: **And Rabbi Elazar, what is the reason he did not say** in accordance with the explanation of **Rabbi Yosei bar Ḥanina,** that our mishna is in accordance with the opinion of Rabbi Yishmael? The Gemara answers: Rabbi Elazar could have **said to you: Wasn’t it stated** that **Rava bar Ḥanina said** that **Rabbi Yoḥanan said:** Here it is referring **to** items that **lack grinding,** i.e., when the garlic and the unripe grapes were not ground in a pestle at all, everyone agrees that it is prohibited to place them in a manner that causes their liquids to come out on their own on Shabbat. The case **where they disagreed** was where they were already completely ground, but they were still **lacking** additional **pounding; and these** cases in our mishna **are also considered as** if they were **lacking grinding.** The Gemara relates that **Rabbi Yosei bar Ḥanina issued a** practical **ruling in accordance with** the opinion of **Rabbi Yishmael,** and permitted a person to finish tending to them even after dark.


###### Shabbat 19b:4
[Shabbat 19b:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Shabbat/r/19b:4)

שֶׁמֶן שֶׁל בַּדָּדִין וּמַחְצָלוֹת שֶׁל בַּדָּדִין — רַב אָסַר וּשְׁמוּאֵל שָׁרֵי. הָנֵי כְּרָכֵי דְזוּזֵי — רַב אָסַר וּשְׁמוּאֵל שָׁרֵי. אָמַר רַב נַחְמָן: עֵז לַחֲלָבָהּ, וְרָחֵל לְגִיזָּתָהּ, וְתַרְנְגוֹלֶת לְבֵיצָתָהּ, וְתוֹרֵי דְרִידְיָא, וְתַמְרֵי דְעִיסְקָא — רַב אָסַר, וּשְׁמוּאֵל אָמַר: מוּתָּר. וְקָמִיפַּלְגִי בִּפְלוּגְתָּא דְּרַבִּי יְהוּדָה וְרַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Since the Gemara raised issues related to the olive press, it cites other connected matters: **Oil of olive pressers and mats of olive pressers,** which they use in their work, **Rav prohibited** moving them on Shabbat since they are set aside for a specific purpose, and it is prohibited to move an item set aside and designated for a defined purpose on Shabbat. **And Shmuel permitted** doing so, as according to Shmuel, the legal status of set-aside [*muktze*] does not apply in most cases. Along the same lines, they disagreed with regard to **those mats** used to cover merchandise transported **on a ship. Rav prohibited** using them because they are set aside **and Shmuel permitted** using them. Similarly, **Rav Naḥman said: A goat** raised **for its milk, and a ewe** that is raised **for shearing its** wool, **and a chicken** raised **for its egg, and oxen** used **for plowing,** all of which are designated for purposes other than eating, **as well as dates used for commerce;** in all of these **Rav prohibited** using them for food, or slaughtering them even on a Festival due to the prohibition of set-aside. The reason for this is that during the day, before Shabbat, he had no intention of eating them, as he set them aside for a different purpose. **And Shmuel said: They are permitted,** as in his opinion there is no prohibition of set-aside. The Gemara comments that **they disagree in the dispute of** the *tanna’im* **Rabbi Yehuda and Rabbi Shimon** with regard to the issue of *muktze*.


###### Shabbat 19b:5
[Shabbat 19b:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Shabbat/r/19b:5)

הַהוּא תַּלְמִידָא דְּאוֹרִי בְּחַרְתָּא דְאַרְגֵּיז כְּרַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן, שַׁמְתֵּיהּ רַב הַמְנוּנָא. וְהָא כְּרַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן סְבִירָא לַן? בְּאַתְרֵיהּ דְּרַב הֲוָה לָא אִיבְּעַי לֵיהּ לְמִיעְבַּד הָכִי. הָנֵי תְּרֵי תַלְמִידֵי, חַד מַצִּיל בְּחַד מָנָא, וְחַד מַצִּיל בְּאַרְבַּע וַחֲמֵשׁ מָאנֵי — וְקָמִיפַּלְגִי בִּפְלוּגְתָּא דְּרַבָּה בַּר זַבְדָּא וְרַב הוּנָא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara relates: There was **this student who issued a ruling in** the city of **Ḥarta De’argiz** that items that are set aside are permitted, **in accordance with** the opinion of **Rabbi Shimon,** and **Rav Hamnuna excommunicated him.** The Gemara asks: **Don’t we hold** that the *halakha* is **in accordance with** the opinion of **Rabbi Shimon?** Why, then, did Rav Hamnuna excommunicate him? The Gemara answers: **This** incident **was in the place of Rav** and the student **should not have done this;** even if the accepted ruling is lenient, the city was under Rav’s jurisdiction, and the student’s public ruling, contrary to Rav’s opinion, was a blatant display of disrespect. Incidentally, the Gemara relates a story involving **these two students: One would rescue** from a fire **with one vessel and one would rescue with four and five vessels,** as it is permitted to rescue one’s belongings from a fire on Shabbat. They disagreed with regard to whether it is preferable to carry just one vessel and go back and forth several times, or to carry several vessels and go back and forth fewer times. **And they disagree with regard to the** same issue that was the subject of the **dispute of Rabba bar Zavda and Rav Huna** elsewhere.


###### Shabbat 19b:6
[Shabbat 19b:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Shabbat/r/19b:6)

**מַתְנִי׳** אֵין צוֹלִין בָּשָׂר בָּצָל וּבֵיצָה אֶלָּא כְּדֵי שֶׁיִּצּוֹלוּ מִבְּעוֹד יוֹם. אֵין נוֹתְנִין פַּת לַתַּנּוּר עִם חֲשֵׁכָה, וְלֹא חֲרָרָה עַל גַּבֵּי גֶּחָלִים, אֶלָּא כְּדֵי שֶׁיִּקְרְמוּ פָּנֶיהָ מִבְּעוֹד יוֹם. רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר אוֹמֵר: כְּדֵי שֶׁיִּקְרוֹם הַתַּחְתּוֹן שֶׁלָּהּ. מְשַׁלְשְׁלִין אֶת הַפֶּסַח בַּתַּנּוּר עִם חֲשֵׁכָה. וּמַאֲחִיזִין אֶת הָאוּר בִּמְדוּרַת בֵּית הַמּוֹקֵד.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**MISHNA:** This mishna enumerates actions that may only be performed on Shabbat eve if the prohibited labor will be totally or mostly completed while it is still day. **One may only roast meat, an onion, or an egg if** there remains **sufficient** time **so that they could be roasted while it is still day. One may only place** dough to bake into **bread in the oven** on Shabbat eve **at nightfall, and** may only place **a cake on the coals, if** there is time **enough that** the **surface** of this cake or bread **will form a crust while it is still day. Rabbi Eliezer says:** Enough time so **that its bottom** crust **should harden,** which takes less time. However, in a case that is an exception, **one may,** *ab initio*, **lower the Paschal lamb** into the oven on Shabbat eve **at nightfall,** so that its roasting is completed on Shabbat if Passover eve coincides with Shabbat eve. **And one may,** *ab initio*, **kindle the fire in the bonfire of the Chamber of the Hearth** in the Temple on Shabbat eve, adjacent to the start of Shabbat, and allow the fire to spread afterward throughout all the wood in the bonfire.