## Shabbat Daf 34b

###### Shabbat 34b:1
[Shabbat 34b:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Shabbat/r/34b:1)

מִפְּנֵי מָה אָמְרוּ אֵין טוֹמְנִין בְּדָבָר הַמּוֹסִיף הֶבֶל וַאֲפִילּוּ מִבְּעוֹד יוֹם? — גְּזֵירָה שֶׁמָּא יַטְמִין בְּרֶמֶץ שֶׁיֵּשׁ בָּהּ גַּחֶלֶת. אֲמַר לֵיהּ אַבָּיֵי: וְיַטְמִין? גְּזֵירָה שֶׁמָּא יְחַתֶּה בַּגֶּחָלִים.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Why did** the Sages **say** that **one may not insulate** hot water for Shabbat **in something that adds heat, even while it is still day?** It is **a decree lest one come to cover it in hot ashes that contain** a glowing **ember.** People may not differentiate between addition of heat by means of hot ashes and other additions of heat. **Abaye said to him: Let him insulate** it with hot ashes, what is the problem? Rava answered him: It is **a decree lest one come to stoke the coals** in order to make them burn on Shabbat and thereby violate a Torah prohibition.


###### Shabbat 34b:2
[Shabbat 34b:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Shabbat/r/34b:2)

תָּנוּ רַבָּנַן: בֵּין הַשְּׁמָשׁוֹת סָפֵק מִן הַיּוֹם וּמִן הַלַּיְלָה, סָפֵק כּוּלּוֹ מִן הַיּוֹם, סָפֵק כּוּלּוֹ מִן הַלַּיְלָה — מְטִילִין אוֹתוֹ לְחוֹמֶר שְׁנֵי יָמִים.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**The Sages taught** a *baraita* which discusses the range of problems that arise with regard to the twilight period. **Twilight** is a period of **uncertainty.** It is uncertain whether it consists of both **day and night,** it is **uncertain** whether **it is completely day,** and it is **uncertain** whether it is **completely night.** Therefore, the Sages **impose the stringencies of both days upon it**. If there is a stringency that applies on either of the days, one is obligated to adhere to it during the twilight period.


###### Shabbat 34b:3
[Shabbat 34b:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Shabbat/r/34b:3)

וְאֵיזֶהוּ בֵּין הַשְּׁמָשׁוֹת? — מִשֶּׁתִּשְׁקַע הַחַמָּה כָּל זְמַן שֶׁפְּנֵי מִזְרָח מַאֲדִימִין. הִכְסִיף הַתַּחְתּוֹן וְלֹא הִכְסִיף הָעֶלְיוֹן — בֵּין הַשְּׁמָשׁוֹת. הִכְסִיף הָעֶלְיוֹן וְהִשְׁוָה לַתַּחְתּוֹן — זֶהוּ לַיְלָה, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי יְהוּדָה. רַבִּי נְחֶמְיָה אוֹמֵר: כְּדֵי שֶׁיְּהַלֵּךְ אָדָם מִשֶּׁתִּשְׁקַע הַחַמָּה חֲצִי מִיל. רַבִּי יוֹסִי אוֹמֵר: בֵּין הַשְּׁמָשׁוֹת כְּהֶרֶף עַיִן, זֶה נִכְנָס וְזֶה יוֹצֵא, וְאִי אֶפְשָׁר לַעֲמוֹד עָלָיו.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Nevertheless, the definition of twilight is uncertain. **And what is twilight? From when the sun sets, as long as the eastern face** of the sky **is reddened** by the light of the sun. If **the lower** segment of the sky has **lost** its **color, and the upper** segment **has not** yet **lost** its **color,** that is the **twilight** period. If **the upper** segment **has lost** its **color, and** its color **equals** that of **the lower** one**, it is night;** this is **the statement of Rabbi Yehuda. Rabbi Neḥemya says:** The duration of the twilight period is **the time** it takes **for a person to walk half a *mil* after the sun sets. Rabbi Yosei says: Twilight** does not last for a quantifiable period of time; rather, it is **like the blink of an eye: This,** night, **enters and that,** day, **leaves, and it is impossible to calculate it** due to its brevity.


###### Shabbat 34b:4
[Shabbat 34b:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Shabbat/r/34b:4)

אָמַר מָר: מְטִילִין אוֹתוֹ לְחוֹמֶר שְׁנֵי יָמִים. לְמַאי הִלְכְתָא? אָמַר רַב הוּנָא בְּרֵיהּ דְּרַב יְהוֹשֻׁעַ לְעִנְיַן טוּמְאָה, כְּדִתְנַן: רָאָה שְׁנֵי יָמִים בֵּין הַשְּׁמָשׁוֹת — סָפֵק לַטּוּמְאָה וְלַקׇּרְבָּן. רָאָה יוֹם אֶחָד בֵּין הַשְּׁמָשׁוֹת — סָפֵק לַטּוּמְאָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
It was taught in the *baraita* that **the Master said:** The Sages **impose the stringencies of both days upon** twilight. The Gemara asks: **With regard to what *halakha*** was this stated? **Rav Huna, son of Rav Yehoshua, said:** With regard to the **matter of ritual impurity, as we learned** in a mishna: With regard to a *zav* who **saw** an emission for **two** consecutive **days during twilight,** it is unclear whether it should be considered as if he only saw the emission for a single day, as perhaps twilight of the first day was part of the following day, and twilight of the second day was part of the previous day; or, whether it should be considered as two days, attributing each twilight to either the previous or the following day; or, whether it should be considered three days, as it is possible to view the twilight period as two days. By Torah law, a *zav* who saw two emissions is ritually impure, and all of the stringencies of a *zav* apply to him. If he sees a third emission, he is liable to bring an offering as part of his purification ritual. Therefore, this *zav*, with regard to whom there is uncertainty whether he saw emissions for one day, two days, or three days, has **uncertain** status **with regard to both ritual impurity and to sacrifice.** If **he saw** an emission **one day during twilight,** he has **uncertain** status **with regard to ritual impurity** because it may be considered two days.


###### Shabbat 34b:5
[Shabbat 34b:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Shabbat/r/34b:5)

הָא גּוּפַהּ קַשְׁיָא. אָמְרַתְּ אֵיזֶהוּ בֵּין הַשְּׁמָשׁוֹת — מִשֶּׁתִּשְׁקַע הַחַמָּה, כָּל זְמַן שֶׁפְּנֵי מִזְרָח מַאֲדִימִין. הָא הִכְסִיף הַתַּחְתּוֹן וְלֹא הִכְסִיף הָעֶלְיוֹן — לַיְלָה הוּא. וַהֲדַר תָּנֵי: הִכְסִיף הַתַּחְתּוֹן וְלֹא הִכְסִיף הָעֶלְיוֹן — בֵּין הַשְּׁמָשׁוֹת. אָמַר רַבָּה אָמַר רַב יְהוּדָה אָמַר שְׁמוּאֵל: כְּרוֹךְ וּתְנִי: אֵיזֶהוּ בֵּין הַשְּׁמָשׁוֹת — מִשֶּׁתִּשְׁקַע הַחַמָּה כָּל זְמַן שֶׁפְּנֵי מִזְרָח מַאֲדִימִין. וְהִכְסִיף הַתַּחְתּוֹן וְלֹא הִכְסִיף הָעֶלְיוֹן — נָמֵי בֵּין הַשְּׁמָשׁוֹת. הִכְסִיף הָעֶלְיוֹן וְהִשְׁוָה לַתַּחְתּוֹן — לַיְלָה. וְרַב יוֹסֵף אָמַר רַב יְהוּדָה אָמַר שְׁמוּאֵל, הָכִי קָתָנֵי: מִשֶּׁתִּשְׁקַע הַחַמָּה כָּל זְמַן שֶׁפְּנֵי מִזְרָח מַאֲדִימִין — יוֹם. הִכְסִיף הַתַּחְתּוֹן וְלֹא הִכְסִיף הָעֶלְיוֹן — בֵּין הַשְּׁמָשׁוֹת. הִכְסִיף הָעֶלְיוֹן וְהִשְׁוָה לַתַּחְתּוֹן — לַיְלָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara comments on the *baraita* cited by the Gemara. **This** *baraita* **is itself difficult,** self-contradictory. Initially **you said, what is twilight? From when the sun sets, as long as the eastern face** of the sky **is reddened** by the light of the sun. By inference, **if the bottom** segment **lost** its **color, and the upper** one **has not lost** its **color, it is night. And then** the *baraita* **taught:** If **the lower** segment of the sky has **lost** its **color, and the upper** segment **has not** yet **lost** its **color,** that is the **twilight** period. There is an apparent internal contradiction in the *baraita*. **Rabba said** that **Rav Yehuda said** that **Shmuel said:** In order to resolve the contradiction, **unify** the two statements **and teach** it as follows: **What is twilight? From when the sun sets, as long as the eastern face** of the sky **is reddened** by the light of the sun. If **the lower** segment of the sky has **lost** its **color and the upper** segment **has not** yet **lost** its **color,** that is **also** the **twilight** period. Only if **the upper** segment **lost** its **color, and** it **equals** that of **the lower** one, is it **night. And Rav Yosef** said that **Rav Yehuda said** that **Shmuel said** otherwise: **From when the sun sets, as long as the eastern face** of the sky **is reddened** by the light of the sun, it is **day.** If **the lower** segment of the sky has **lost** its **color, and the upper** segment **has not** yet **lost** its **color,** that is the **twilight** period. If **the upper** segment **lost** its **color and** it **equals** that of **the lower** one, it is **night.**


###### Shabbat 34b:6
[Shabbat 34b:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Shabbat/r/34b:6)

וְאָזְדוּ לְטַעְמַיְיהוּ, דְּאִיתְּמַר: שִׁיעוּר בֵּין הַשְּׁמָשׁוֹת בְּכַמָּה? אָמַר רַבָּה אָמַר רַב יְהוּדָה אָמַר שְׁמוּאֵל: שְׁלֹשָׁה חֶלְקֵי מִיל. מַאי שְׁלֹשָׁה חֶלְקֵי מִיל? אִילֵימָא תְּלָתָא פַּלְגֵי מִילָא — נֵימָא מִיל וּמֶחֱצָה. אֶלָּא תְּלָתָא תִּילְתֵי מִילָא — נֵימָא מִיל. אֶלָּא: תְּלָתָא רִיבְעֵי מִילָא. וְרַב יוֹסֵף אָמַר רַב יְהוּדָה אָמַר שְׁמוּאֵל: שְׁנֵי חֶלְקֵי מִיל. מַאי שְׁנֵי חֶלְקֵי מִיל? אִילֵימָא תְּרֵי פַּלְגֵי מִילָא — לֵימָא מִיל. וְאֶלָּא תְּרֵי רִבְעֵי מִילָא — לֵימָא חֲצִי מִיל. אֶלָּא

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And** the Gemara remarks: In this dispute over the precise definition of twilight both Rabba and Rav Yosef **follow their** line of **reasoning** stated elsewhere. **As it was stated: What is the measure** of the duration **of twilight? Rabba said** that **Rav Yehuda said** that **Shmuel said:** The time it takes to walk **three parts of a *mil*.** The Gemara asks: **What** is the meaning of **three parts of a *mil*? If you say** that it refers to **three halves of a *mil*, let him say a *mil* and a half. Rather,** if you say that it means **three-thirds of a *mil*, let him** simply **say** one ***mil*. Rather,** it means **three-quarters of a *mil*. And Rav Yosef said** that **Rav Yehuda said** that **Shmuel said:** The duration of twilight is **two parts of a *mil*.** Again the Gemara asks: **What** is the meaning of **two parts of a *mil*? If you say** that it means **two halves of a *mil*, let him** simply **say** one ***mil*. Rather,** if you say that it means **two-quarters of a *mil*, let him say** instead: **Half of a *mil*. Rather,**