## Shabbat Daf 88b

###### Shabbat 88b:1
[Shabbat 88b:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Shabbat/r/88b:1)

דְּסָגֵינַן בִּשְׁלִימוּתָא כְּתִיב בַּן: ״תֻּמַּת יְשָׁרִים תַּנְחֵם״, הָנָךְ אִינָשֵׁי דְּסָגַן בַּעֲלִילוּתָא כְּתִיב בְּהוּ: ״וְסֶלֶף בּוֹגְדִים יְשָׁדֵּם״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**who proceed wholeheartedly** and with integrity, **it is written: “The integrity of the upright will guide them”** (Proverbs 11:3), whereas **about those people who walk in deceit, it is written** at the end of the same verse: **“And the perverseness of the faithless will destroy them.”**


###### Shabbat 88b:2
[Shabbat 88b:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Shabbat/r/88b:2)

אָמַר רַבִּי שְׁמוּאֵל בַּר נַחְמָנִי אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹנָתָן: מַאי דִּכְתִיב ״לִבַּבְתִּנִי אֲחוֹתִי כַלָּה לִבַּבְתִּנִי בְּאַחַת מֵעֵינַיִךְ״ — בַּתְּחִילָּה בְּאַחַת מֵעֵינַיִךְ, לִכְשֶׁתַּעֲשִׂי — בִּשְׁתֵּי עֵינֶיךָ. אָמַר עוּלָּא: עֲלוּבָה כַּלָּה מְזַנָּה בְּתוֹךְ חוּפָּתָהּ. אָמַר רַב מָרִי בְּרַהּ דְּבַת שְׁמוּאֵל, מַאי קְרָא: ״עַד שֶׁהַמֶּלֶךְ בִּמְסִבּוֹ נִרְדִּי וְגוֹ׳״. אָמַר רַב: וַעֲדַיִין חַבִּיבוּתָא הִיא גַּבַּן, דִּכְתִיב ״נָתַן״, וְלָא כְּתִיב ״הִסְרִיחַ״. תָּנוּ רַבָּנַן: עֲלוּבִין וְאֵינָן עוֹלְבִין, שׁוֹמְעִין חֶרְפָּתָן וְאֵינָן מְשִׁיבִין, עוֹשִׂין מֵאַהֲבָה וּשְׂמֵחִין בְּיִסּוּרִין — עֲלֵיהֶן הַכָּתוּב אוֹמֵר: ״וְאֹהֲבָיו כְּצֵאת הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ בִּגְבֻרָתוֹ״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rabbi Shmuel bar Naḥamani said** that **Rabbi Yonatan said: What is** the meaning of that **which is written: “You have ravished my heart, my sister, my bride; you have ravished my heart with one of your eyes,** with one bead of your necklace” (Song of Songs 4:9)? **At first** when you, the Jewish people, merely accepted the Torah upon yourselves it was **with one of your eyes;** however, **when you** actually **perform** the mitzvot it will be **with both of your eyes. Ulla said** with regard to the sin of the Golden Calf: **Insolent is the bride who is promiscuous under her wedding canopy. Rav Mari, son of the daughter of Shmuel, said: What verse** alludes to this? **“While the king was still at his table my spikenard** gave off its fragrance” (Song of Songs 1:12). Its pleasant odor dissipated, leaving only an offensive odor. **Rav said:** Nevertheless, it is apparent from the verse that **the affection** of the Holy One, Blessed be He, **is still upon us, as it is written** euphemistically as “**gave off** its fragrance,” **and** the verse **did not write, it reeked.** And **the Sages taught: About** those who **are insulted and do not insult, who hear their shame and do not respond, who act out of love and are joyful in suffering, the verse says: “And they that love Him are as the sun going forth in its might”** (Judges 5:31).


###### Shabbat 88b:3
[Shabbat 88b:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Shabbat/r/88b:3)

אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן: מַאי דִּכְתִיב ״ה׳ יִתֶּן אֹמֶר הַמְבַשְּׂרוֹת צָבָא רָב״ — כׇּל דִּיבּוּר וְדִיבּוּר שֶׁיָּצָא מִפִּי הַגְּבוּרָה נֶחֱלַק לְשִׁבְעִים לְשׁוֹנוֹת. תָּנֵי דְּבֵי רַבִּי יִשְׁמָעֵאל: ״וּכְפַטִּישׁ יְפֹצֵץ סָלַע״, מָה פַּטִּישׁ זֶה נֶחֱלָק לְכַמָּה נִיצוֹצוֹת — אַף כׇּל דִּיבּוּר וְדִיבּוּר שֶׁיָּצָא מִפִּי הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא נֶחֱלַק לְשִׁבְעִים לְשׁוֹנוֹת. אָמַר רַב חֲנַנְאֵל בַּר פָּפָּא: מַאי דִּכְתִיב ״שִׁמְעוּ כִּי נְגִידִים אֲדַבֵּר״ — לָמָּה נִמְשְׁלוּ דִּבְרֵי תוֹרָה כְּנָגִיד, לוֹמַר לָךְ: מָה נָגִיד זֶה יֵשׁ בּוֹ לְהָמִית וּלְהַחֲיוֹת, אַף דִּבְרֵי תוֹרָה יֶשׁ בָּם לְהָמִית וּלְהַחֲיוֹת.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
With regard to the revelation at Sinai, **Rabbi Yoḥanan said: What is** the meaning of that **which is written: “The Lord gives the word; the women that proclaim the tidings are a great host”** (Psalms 68:12)? It means that **each and every utterance that emerged from the mouth of the Almighty divided into seventy languages,** a great host. And, similarly, **the school of Rabbi Yishmael taught** with regard to the verse: “Behold, is My word not like fire, declares the Lord, **and like a hammer that shatters a rock?”** (Jeremiah 23:29). **Just as this hammer breaks** a stone **into several fragments, so too, each and every utterance that emerged from the mouth of the Holy One, Blessed be He, divided into seventy languages.** The Gemara continues in praise of the Torah. **Rav Ḥananel bar Pappa said: What is** the meaning of that **which is written: “Listen, for I will speak royal things,** and my lips will open with upright statements” (Proverbs 8:6)? **Why are matters of Torah likened to a king? To teach you** that **just as this king has** the power **to kill and to grant life, so too, matters of Torah have** the power **to kill and to grant life.**


###### Shabbat 88b:4
[Shabbat 88b:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Shabbat/r/88b:4)

הַיְינוּ דְּאָמַר רָבָא: לַמַּיְימִינִין בָּהּ סַמָּא דְחַיֵּי, לְמַשְׂמְאִילִים בָּהּ סַמָּא דְמוֹתָא. דָּבָר אַחֵר: ״נְגִידִים״ — כׇּל דִּיבּוּר וְדִיבּוּר שֶׁיָּצָא מִפִּי הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא קוֹשְׁרִים לוֹ שְׁנֵי כְתָרִים. אָמַר רַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בֶּן לֵוִי: מַאי דִּכְתִיב: ״צְרוֹר הַמּוֹר דּוֹדִי לִי בֵּין שָׁדַי יָלִין״ — אָמְרָה כְּנֶסֶת יִשְׂרָאֵל לִפְנֵי הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא: רִבּוֹנוֹ שֶׁל עוֹלָם אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁמֵּיצֵר וּמֵימֵר לִי דּוֹדִי — ״בֵּין שָׁדַי יָלִין״. ״אֶשְׁכֹּל הַכֹּפֶר דּוֹדִי לִי בְּכַרְמֵי עֵין גֶּדִי״ — מִי שֶׁהַכֹּל שֶׁלּוֹ מְכַפֵּר לִי עַל עֲוֹן גְּדִי שֶׁכָּרַמְתִּי לִי. מַאי מַשְׁמַע דְּהַאי ״כַּרְמֵי״ לִישָּׁנָא דְמִכְנַשׁ הוּא? אָמַר מָר זוּטְרָא בְּרֵיהּ דְּרַב נַחְמָן, כְּדִתְנַן: כִּסֵּא שֶׁל כּוֹבֵס שֶׁכּוֹרְמִים עָלָיו אֶת הַכֵּלִים.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
And **that is** what **Rava said: To those who are right-handed in** their approach to Torah, and engage in its study with strength, good will, and sanctity, Torah is **a drug of life,** and **to those who are left-handed in** their approach to Torah, it is **a drug of death. Alternatively,** why are matters of Torah referred to as **royal?** Because **to each and every utterance that emerged from the mouth of the Holy One, Blessed be He, two crowns are tied. Rabbi Yehoshua ben Levi said: What is** the meaning of that **which is written: “My beloved is to me like a bundle of myrrh that lies between my breasts”** (Song of Songs 1:13)? **The Congregation of Israel said before the Holy One, Blessed be He: Master of the Universe, even though my beloved,** God, **causes me suffering and bitterness, He** still **lies between my breasts.** And Rabbi Yehoshua ben Levi interpreted the verse: **“My beloved is to me like a cluster [*eshkol*] of henna [*hakofer*] in the vineyards of [*karmei*] Ein Gedi”** (Song of Songs 1:14). **He, Whom everything [*shehakol*] is His, forgives [*mekhapper*] me for the sin of the kid [*gedi*],** i.e., the calf, **that I collected [*shekaramti*] for myself.** The Gemara explains: **From where** is it **inferred that** the word in **this** verse, ***karmei*, is a term of gathering? Mar Zutra, son of Rav Naḥman, said** that it is **as we learned** in a mishna: **A launderer’s chair upon which one gathers [*koremim*] the garments.**


###### Shabbat 88b:5
[Shabbat 88b:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Shabbat/r/88b:5)

וְאָמַר רַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בֶּן לֵוִי, מַאי דִּכְתִיב: ״לְחָיָו כַּעֲרוּגַת הַבֹּשֶׂם״ — כׇּל דִּיבּוּר וְדִיבּוּר שֶׁיָּצָא מִפִּי הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא נִתְמַלֵּא כָּל הָעוֹלָם כּוּלּוֹ בְּשָׂמִים. וְכֵיוָן שֶׁמִּדִּיבּוּר רִאשׁוֹן נִתְמַלֵּא, דִּיבּוּר שֵׁנִי לְהֵיכָן הָלַךְ? הוֹצִיא הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא הָרוּחַ מֵאוֹצְרוֹתָיו וְהָיָה מַעֲבִיר רִאשׁוֹן רִאשׁוֹן, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״שִׂפְתוֹתָיו שׁוֹשַׁנִּים נוֹטְפוֹת מוֹר עֹבֵר״. (אַל תִּקְרֵי ״שׁוֹשַׁנִּים״, אֶלָּא ״שֶׁשּׁוֹנִים״).

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And Rabbi Yehoshua ben Levi said: What is** the meaning of that **which is written: “His cheeks are as a bed of spices,** as banks of sweet herbs, his lips are lilies dripping with flowing myrrh” (Song of Songs 5:13)? It is interpreted homiletically: From **each and every utterance that emerged from** His cheeks, i.e., **the mouth of the Holy One, Blessed be He, the entire world was filled with fragrant spices. And since** the world **was** already **filled by the first utterance, where** was there room for the spices of **the second utterance** to **go? The Holy One, Blessed be He, brought forth wind from His treasuries and made the** spices **pass one at a time,** leaving room for the consequences of the next utterance. **As it is stated: “His lips are lilies [*shoshanim*] dripping with flowing myrrh.”** Each and every utterance resulted in flowing myrrh. **Do not read** the word in the verse as ***shoshanim*; rather,** read it as ***sheshonim*,** meaning repeat. Each repeat utterance produced its own fragrance.


###### Shabbat 88b:6
[Shabbat 88b:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Shabbat/r/88b:6)

וְאָמַר רַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בֶּן לֵוִי: כׇּל דִּיבּוּר וְדִיבּוּר שֶׁיָּצָא מִפִּי הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא יָצְתָה נִשְׁמָתָן שֶׁל יִשְׂרָאֵל, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״נַפְשִׁי יָצְאָה בְדַבְּרוֹ״. וּמֵאַחַר שֶׁמִּדִּיבּוּר רִאשׁוֹן יָצְתָה נִשְׁמָתָן, דִּיבּוּר שֵׁנִי הֵיאַךְ קִיבְּלוּ? — הוֹרִיד טַל שֶׁעָתִיד לְהַחֲיוֹת בּוֹ מֵתִים וְהֶחְיָה אוֹתָם, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״גֶּשֶׁם נְדָבוֹת תָּנִיף אֱלֹהִים נַחֲלָתְךָ וְנִלְאָה אַתָּה כוֹנַנְתָּהּ״. וְאָמַר רַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בֶּן לֵוִי: כׇּל דִּיבּוּר וְדִיבּוּר שֶׁיָּצָא מִפִּי הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא חָזְרוּ יִשְׂרָאֵל לַאֲחוֹרֵיהֶן שְׁנֵים עָשָׂר מִיל וְהָיוּ מַלְאֲכֵי הַשָּׁרֵת מְדַדִּין אוֹתָן, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״מַלְאֲכֵי צְבָאוֹת יִדֹּדוּן יִדֹּדוּן״ — אַל תִּיקְרֵי ״יִדֹּדוּן״, אֶלָּא ״יְדַדּוּן״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And Rabbi Yehoshua ben Levi said:** From **each and every utterance that emerged from the mouth of the Holy One, Blessed be He, the souls of the Jewish people left** their bodies, **as it is stated: “My soul departed when he spoke”** (Song of Songs 5:6). **And since their souls left** their bodies **from the first utterance, how did they receive the second utterance?** Rather, God **rained the dew** upon them **that, in the future, will revive the dead, and He revived them, as it is stated: “You, God, poured down a bountiful rain; when Your inheritance was weary You sustained it”** (Psalms 68:10). **And Rabbi Yehoshua ben Levi said:** With **each and every utterance that emerged from the mouth of the Holy One, Blessed be He, the Jewish people retreated** in fear **twelve *mil*, and the ministering angels walked them** back toward the mountain, **as it is stated: “The hosts of angels will scatter [*yidodun*]”** (Psalms 68:13). **Do not read** the word as ***yidodun*,** meaning scattered; **rather,** read it as ***yedadun*,** they walked them.


###### Shabbat 88b:7
[Shabbat 88b:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Shabbat/r/88b:7)

וְאָמַר רַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בֶּן לֵוִי: בְּשָׁעָה שֶׁעָלָה מֹשֶׁה לַמָּרוֹם אָמְרוּ מַלְאֲכֵי הַשָּׁרֵת לִפְנֵי הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא: רִבּוֹנוֹ שֶׁל עוֹלָם, מַה לִּילוּד אִשָּׁה בֵּינֵינוּ? אָמַר לָהֶן: לְקַבֵּל תּוֹרָה בָּא. אָמְרוּ לְפָנָיו: חֶמְדָּה גְּנוּזָה שֶׁגְּנוּזָה לָךְ תְּשַׁע מֵאוֹת וְשִׁבְעִים וְאַרְבָּעָה דּוֹרוֹת קוֹדֶם שֶׁנִּבְרָא הָעוֹלָם, אַתָּה מְבַקֵּשׁ לִיתְּנָהּ לְבָשָׂר וָדָם? ״מָה אֱנוֹשׁ כִּי תִזְכְּרֶנּוּ וּבֶן אָדָם כִּי תִפְקְדֶנּוּ״? ״ה׳ אֲדֹנֵינוּ מָה אַדִּיר שִׁמְךָ בְּכׇל הָאָרֶץ אֲשֶׁר תְּנָה הוֹדְךָ עַל הַשָּׁמָיִם״!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And Rabbi Yehoshua ben Levi said: When Moses ascended on High** to receive the Torah, **the ministering angels said before the Holy One, Blessed be He: Master of the Universe, what is one born of a woman** doing here **among us?** The Holy One, Blessed be He, **said to them: He came to receive the Torah.** The angels **said before Him:** The Torah is a **hidden treasure that was concealed by You 974 generations before the creation of the world,** and **You seek to give it to flesh and blood?** As it is stated: “The word which He commanded to a thousand generations” (Psalms 105:8). Since the Torah, the word of God, was given to the twenty-sixth generation after Adam, the first man, the remaining 974 generations must have preceded the creation of the world. **“What is man that You are mindful of him and the son of man that You think of him?”** (Psalms 8:5). Rather, **“God our Lord, how glorious is Your name in all the earth that Your majesty is placed above the heavens”** (Psalms 8:2). The rightful place of God’s majesty, the Torah, is in the heavens.


###### Shabbat 88b:8
[Shabbat 88b:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Shabbat/r/88b:8)

אָמַר לוֹ הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא לְמֹשֶׁה: הַחְזֵיר לָהֶן תְּשׁוּבָה. אָמַר לְפָנָיו: רִבּוֹנוֹ שֶׁל עוֹלָם, מִתְיָירֵא אֲנִי שֶׁמָּא יִשְׂרְפוּנִי בַּהֶבֶל שֶׁבְּפִיהֶם. אָמַר לוֹ: אֱחוֹז בְּכִסֵּא כְבוֹדִי וַחֲזוֹר לָהֶן תְּשׁוּבָה. שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״מְאַחֵז פְּנֵי כִּסֵּא פַּרְשֵׁז עָלָיו עֲנָנוֹ״, וְאָמַר רַבִּי נַחוּם: מְלַמֵּד שֶׁפֵּירַשׂ שַׁדַּי מִזִּיו שְׁכִינָתוֹ וַעֲנָנוֹ עָלָיו. אָמַר לְפָנָיו: רִבּוֹנוֹ שֶׁל עוֹלָם, תּוֹרָה שֶׁאַתָּה נוֹתֵן לִי מָה כְּתִיב בָּהּ? ״אָנֹכִי ה׳ אֱלֹהֶיךָ אֲשֶׁר הוֹצֵאתִיךָ מֵאֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם״. אָמַר לָהֶן: לְמִצְרַיִם יְרַדְתֶּם? לְפַרְעֹה הִשְׁתַּעְבַּדְתֶּם? תּוֹרָה לָמָּה תְּהֵא לָכֶם! שׁוּב: מָה כְּתִיב בָּהּ? ״לֹא יִהְיֶה לְךָ אֱלֹהִים אֲחֵרִים״. בֵּין הַגּוֹיִם אַתֶּם שְׁרוּיִין, שֶׁעוֹבְדִין

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**The Holy One, Blessed be He, said to Moses: Provide them** with **an answer** as to why the Torah should be given to the people. Moses **said before Him: Master of the Universe, I am afraid lest they burn me with the breath of their mouths.** God **said to him: Grasp My throne of glory** for strength and protection, **and provide them** with **an answer.** And from where is this derived? **As it is stated: “He causes him to grasp the front of the throne, and spreads His cloud over it”** (Job 26:9), **and Rabbi Naḥum said:** This verse **teaches that God spread the radiance of His presence and His cloud over** Moses. Moses **said before Him: Master of the Universe, the Torah that You are giving me, what is written in it?** God said to him: **“I am the Lord your God Who brought you out of Egypt** from the house of bondage” (Exodus 20:2). Moses **said to** the angels: **Did you descend to Egypt? Were you enslaved to Pharaoh? Why should the Torah be yours? Again** Moses asked: **What** else **is written in it?** God said to him: **“You shall have no other gods** before Me” (Exodus 20:3). Moses said to the angels: **Do you dwell among the nations who worship**